Milling and digging dual-purpose roadheader loader

Abstract

A dual-purpose milling and digging tunneling loader is used for collecting and loading materials in urban underground pipe networks, highway bridges and culverts, water diversion projects, and underground mine tunnels. It consists of a working mechanism, a cab operation control mechanism, a hydraulic control system, a vehicle chassis travel mechanism, an electrical control system, and a material conveying mechanism; the milling and digging head or bucket assembly of the working mechanism is hingedly assembled on the forearm, and the bucket assembly is used for excavation when the material hardness is f≤3, and the milling and digging head is used for milling and digging when the material hardness is f≥3; the loader has a height of 1.4-1.6 meters and a width of 1.5-1.7 meters, and can be used for digging and loading in narrow pipe culverts and tunnels. The present invention can perform excavation operations and material loading in narrow pipe culvert tunnels, and the excavation method is dual-purpose. When the material hardness is f≤3, the bucket is used for excavation operations, and when the material hardness is f≥3, the milling and digging head is used for milling and digging operations. It can effectively reduce the risk of casualties and construction costs in manual operations, eliminate safety hazards, save energy in mechanical operations, improve excavation progress, and have high work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to mechanical equipment suitable for collecting and loading materials in urban underground pipe networks, highway bridges and culverts, water diversion tunnel projects and underground mine tunnels. Background Art

[0002] At present, manual excavation is widely used for urban underground pipe networks, highway bridges and culverts, and water diversion tunnel projects. The labor intensity is high, the work efficiency is low, and there are great safety hazards in blasting construction, such as landslides and gas pollution in the tunnels, which are very harmful to the health of operators and the operation cost is quite high. Therefore, it is very important to study a dual-purpose milling and digging loader that can operate in narrow tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the low productivity and shortcomings of the existing excavation technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-purpose milling and digging tunneling loader so that the tunneling loader can perform excavation operations and material loading in narrow culvert tunnels.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention is composed of a working mechanism, a cab operation control mechanism, a hydraulic control system, a vehicle chassis walking mechanism, an electrical control system, and a material conveying mechanism; the milling head or bucket assembly of the working mechanism is hingedly assembled on the forearm, and the bucket assembly is used for excavation of materials with a hardness of f≤3, and the milling head is used for milling of materials with a hardness of f≥3; the height of the loader is 1.4-1.6 meters and the width is 1.5-1.7 meters, and it can be used for digging and loading operations in narrow culverts and tunnels.

[0005] The working mechanism's boom cylinder piston rod end earring is hinged to the milling head or bucket assembly through a connecting rod, and the cylinder barrel end earring is hinged to the forearm, and the milling head or bucket assembly moves up and down through the extension and retraction of the boom cylinder piston rod; the forearm and the boom are hinged with a pin shaft, the forearm cylinder piston rod end earring is hinged to the forearm, the forearm cylinder barrel end earring is hinged to the boom, the boom is hinged to the swivel seat through a pin shaft, the boom cylinder piston rod end earring is hinged to the boom, and the boom cylinder barrel end earring is hinged to the swivel seat The materials are dug and loaded onto trucks through the telescopic cooperation of the piston rods of the forearm cylinder and the boom cylinder; the slewing frame is fixed on the conveying trough, the slewing seat is hinged on the slewing frame, the earring at the end of the slewing cylinder piston rod is hinged to the slewing seat, and the earring at the end of the slewing cylinder barrel is hinged to the slewing frame. Through the telescopic movement of the slewing cylinder piston rod, the milling head or bucket assembly and the boom and forearm are deflected 37 degrees left and right along the central axis of the slewing frame to complete the material collection operation; the five-link hydraulically controlled multi-way valve is installed on the slewing frame.

[0006] The operating table of the cab operation control mechanism is installed on the left side protection platform plate of the chassis frame, the headlight switch button and the cross pilot valve are installed above the operating table, the motor switch start button is installed on the left front of the seat, the pilot valve main switch and the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve are installed on the right front of the seat, the two-way foot pilot valve is installed on the bottom plate in front of the seat, and the safety protection shed with manually adjustable height is installed on the seat and the left side protection platform through a bracket.

[0007] The hydraulic control system consists of a double oil pump drive assembly, a four-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve, a five-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve, a hydraulic oil tank, an air-cooled radiator, a drive motor, a conveying motor, a milling motor, an arm cylinder, an arm cylinder, a swing cylinder, a lifting cylinder, a two-way foot pilot valve, a cross pilot valve, a three-piece direct-acting pilot valve, a pilot valve master switch and a high-pressure filter, a single-way stable diverter valve, a current limiting valve, a connector thread, a high-pressure rubber hose, etc.

[0008] The guide wheel assembly of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism is installed at the front of the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, the piston end of the tensioning device is connected to the guide wheel assembly, the spring end is supported by the inner lining plate of the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, the frame is connected to the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, the supporting wheel is installed at the lower part of the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, pressed on the chain plate assembly to support the whole machine, the supporting sprocket wheel for supporting the upper chain plate assembly is installed at the upper part of the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, the driving motor is installed at the rear part of the left track beam bracket and the right track beam bracket, the driving wheel is assembled on the driving motor, and the loader is moved forward or backward by the forward or reverse rotation of the driving motor; the air-cooled radiator is installed at the rear of the frame, and the hydraulic The hydraulic oil tank is installed at the rear end of the right side guard plate of the track, the electric control box is installed at the rear end of the left side of the track guard plate, the motor of the double oil pump drive assembly is installed in the middle of the frame, the double oil pump is installed on the flange and fixedly connected to the motor, the input shaft of the double oil pump is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, the two-way high-pressure oil output by the double oil pump enters the five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve on one side, and the other high-pressure oil enters the four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve through the single-way stable diverter valve, the four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve is installed on the left front side of the frame, the single-way stable diverter valve is assembled at the front end of the frame, the oil filter is assembled on the left side of the frame, the single-way stable diverter valve divides the small flow oil and supplies it to the pilot valve main switch through the oil filter, and the pilot oil is controlled to be on or off by the pilot valve main switch.

[0009] The electrical control system consists of a motor of a double oil pump drive assembly, a motor switch start button, a light switch button, and an electric control box. The electric control box consists of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a resistor-capacitor absorption device, a motor integrated protector, wiring terminals, wires and cables, etc. The executive components are assembled in the electric control box.

[0010] The driven shaft assembly of the material conveying mechanism is installed at the front of the conveying trough, and a guide wheel is installed on the driven shaft assembly. The conveying trough is hinged on the chassis assembly with a pin shaft, and the scrapers are installed on the traction chain at equal intervals. The earring at the end of the lifting cylinder piston rod is hinged to the conveying trough, and the earring at the end of the lifting cylinder cylinder barrel is hinged to the chassis frame. The conveying trough is raised or lowered by extending or retracting the lifting cylinder piston rod. The supporting sprocket wheel supporting the lower chain of the conveying trough is installed at the rear and lower part of the conveying trough. The tensioning device for adjusting the tightness of the chain is installed at the rear end of the conveying trough. The driving wheel assembly is installed at the rear of the tensioning device. A driving sprocket is installed on the driving wheel assembly. The conveying motor drives the driving sprocket to rotate, and the driving sprocket pulls the scraper to complete material conveying and loading.

[0011] Compared with the existing excavation method, the present invention can carry out digging and material loading in narrow culverts and tunnels. The excavation method is dual-purpose. When the material hardness f≤3, the bucket excavation method is adopted. When the material hardness f≥3, the milling excavation method is adopted. It can effectively reduce the labor cost of manual work.

[0012] It reduces the risk of casualties and construction costs, eliminates safety hazards, makes mechanical operations energy-efficient and efficient, improves excavation progress and increases work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working mechanism.

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cab operation control mechanism.

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of the vehicle chassis traveling mechanism.

[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vehicle chassis support structure.

[0018] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Working mechanism; 2. Cab operation control mechanism; 3. Hydraulic control system; 4. Vehicle chassis walking mechanism; 5. Electrical control system; 6. Material conveying mechanism; 7. Milling head; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Dipper arm cylinder; 10. Forearm; 11. Arm; 12. Forearm cylinder; 13. Arm cylinder; 14. Pin shaft; 15. Rotary seat; 16. Rotary cylinder; 17. Five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve; 18. Rotary frame; 19. Light switch button; 20. Operating table; 21. Two-way foot pilot valve; 22. Pilot valve main switch; 23. Motor switch start button; 24. Three-piece direct-acting pilot valve; 25. Cross pilot valve; 26. Seat; 27. Safety protection shed; 28. Single-way stable diverter valve; 29. ​​Hydraulic Fuel tank; 30. Four-way hydraulic control valve; 31. Dual oil pump drive assembly; 32. Oil filter; 33. Electric control box; 34. Air-cooled radiator; 35. Chassis assembly; 36. Right track beam bracket; 37. Chain plate assembly; 38. Right track protection plate; 39. Guide wheel assembly; 40. Tensioner; 41. Left protection platform plate; 42. Support roller; 43. Support sprocket; 44. Left track beam bracket; 45. Track protection plate; 46. Drive wheel; 47. Drive motor; 48. Frame; 49. Driven shaft assembly; 50. Conveyor trough; 51. Scraper; 52. Lifting cylinder; 53. Traction chain; 54. Support sprocket; 55. Tensioner; 56. Drive wheel assembly; 57. Conveyor motor; 58. Bucket assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the present invention mainly consists of a working mechanism 1, a cab operation control mechanism 2, a hydraulic control system 3, a vehicle chassis travel mechanism 4, an electrical control system 5, and a material conveying mechanism 6. The milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 of the working mechanism 1 is hingedly assembled on the arm 10. The bucket assembly 58 is used for excavation of materials with a hardness of f≤3, and the milling head 7 is used for milling of materials with a hardness of f≥3. The height of the loader is 1.4-1.6 meters, and the width is 1.5-1.7 meters, and it can be used for digging and loading in narrow culverts and tunnels.

[0021] The piston rod end earring of the bucket cylinder 9 of the working mechanism 1 is hinged to the milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 through the connecting rod 8, and the cylinder end earring is hinged to the forearm 10. The milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 moves up and down through the extension and contraction of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 9; the forearm 10 is hinged to the boom 11 with a pin shaft, the piston rod end earring of the forearm cylinder 12 is hinged to the forearm 10, the cylinder end earring of the forearm cylinder 12 is hinged to the boom 11, the boom 11 is hinged to the swivel seat 15 through the pin shaft 14, the piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder 13 is hinged to the boom 11, and the cylinder end earring of the boom cylinder 13 is hinged to the swivel seat 1 5 is hinged, and the material loading is completed through the telescopic cooperation of the piston rods of the forearm oil cylinder 12 and the large arm oil cylinder 13; the rotary frame 18 is fixed on the conveying trough 50, the rotary seat 15 is hinged on the rotary frame 18, the end earring of the piston rod of the rotary oil cylinder 16 is hinged to the rotary seat 15, and the end earring of the cylinder barrel of the rotary oil cylinder 16 is hinged to the rotary frame 18. Through the telescopic movement of the piston rod of the rotary oil cylinder 16, the milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 and the large arm 11 and the forearm 10 are deflected about 37 degrees left and right along the central axis of the rotary frame to complete the material collection operation; the five-link hydraulic multi-way valve 17 is installed on the rotary frame 18. The milling head 7 is an externally purchased component.

[0022] The operating table 20 of the cab operation control mechanism 2 is installed on the left side protection platform plate 41 of the chassis frame. The headlight switch button 19 and the cross pilot valve 25 are installed above the operating table for easy operation. The handle of the cross pilot valve 25 is operated forward or backward, left or right to realize the upward or downward movement of the arm 11 and the arm 10, left or right. The motor switch start button 23 is installed on the left front of the seat 26 for driving the start and stop of the motor. The pilot valve master switch 22 is installed on the right front of the seat 26 for controlling the supply or Disconnect the oil source for the pilot valve, and install the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 in the front right of the seat 26 to control the forward and reverse rotation of the conveying motor 57 and the motor of the milling head 7 and the raising and lowering of the conveying trough 50. The two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21 is installed on the bottom plate in front of the seat 26 to control the forward, backward and left and right turns of the loader. The safety shed 27 is installed on the seat 26 and the left protection platform plate 41 through a bracket. The height of the safety shed 27 can be manually adjusted to meet the needs of the operator and the working section height.

[0023] The hydraulic control system 3 is mainly composed of a double oil pump drive assembly 31, a four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve 30, a five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve 17, a hydraulic oil tank 29, an air-cooled radiator 34, a drive motor 47, a conveying motor 57, a milling motor 7, an arm cylinder 9, an arm cylinder 12, an arm cylinder 13, a rotary cylinder 16, a two-way foot pilot valve 21, a cross pilot valve 25, a three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24, a pilot valve master switch 22 and an oil filter 32, a single-way stable diverter valve 28, a flow limiting valve, a lifting cylinder 52, a connector thread, a high-pressure rubber hose, etc. The motor of the double oil pump drive assembly 31 drives the double oil pump to work. One path of high-pressure oil reaches the five-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 17, which is used to control the movement of the upper arm 11, the lower arm 10, the bucket 7 or the milling head 58, the slewing seat 15 and the right movement of the loader drive motor 47. Another path of high-pressure oil reaches the four-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 30 through the single-way stable diverter valve 28, which is used to control the left movement of the milling motor 58, the conveying motor 57, the drive motor 47 and the lifting cylinder 52 of the conveying trough. The small-flow oil through the single-way stable diversion passes through the oil filter 32 to the pilot valve main switch 22, which is used to control the opening or closing of the pilot valve oil.

[0024] The vehicle chassis travel mechanism 4 is mainly composed of a chassis assembly 35, an air-cooled radiator 34, an electric control box 33, an oil filter 32, a double oil pump drive assembly 31, a four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve 30, a hydraulic oil tank 29, a single-way stable diverter valve 28, and left and right sealing plates and an upper cover plate. The guide wheel assembly 39 is installed in the front of the left track beam bracket 44 and the right track beam bracket 36 for guiding the track chain. The piston end of the tensioning device 40 is connected to the guide wheel assembly 39, and the spring end is supported by the inner lining plate of the left track beam bracket 44 and the right track beam bracket 36 for tensioning and buffering the track chain; the frame 48 is connected to the left track beam bracket 44 and the right track beam bracket 36 to form an integral chassis bracket for supporting the material conveying mechanism 6, and the supporting wheel 42 is installed on the left track beam bracket 44 and the right track beam bracket 3 6, pressed on the chain plate assembly 37 to support the whole machine, the sprocket wheel 43 is installed on the upper part of the left crawler beam bracket 44 and the right crawler beam bracket 36 to support the weight of the upper chain plate assembly 37; the drive motor 47 is installed at the rear of the left crawler beam bracket 44 and the right crawler beam bracket 36, and the drive wheel 46 is assembled on the drive motor 47. The forward or reverse rotation of the drive motor 47 drives the frame 48 to move, so that the loader moves forward or backward; the air-cooled radiator 34 is installed at the rear of the frame 48 and is connected to the loader through the oil pipe. The hydraulic oil tank 29 is connected to the frame 48, which is used to reduce the high temperature generated by the hydraulic system oil during operation. The hydraulic oil tank 29 is installed at the right rear end of the track guard 38; the electric control box 33 is installed at the left rear end of the track guard 45, which is used to control the drive motor to stop or start when the double oil pump drive assembly 31 is working; the motor of the double oil pump drive assembly 31 is installed in the middle of the frame 48, the double oil pump is installed on the flange and fixedly connected to the motor, the input shaft of the double oil pump is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, and the double One of the two high-pressure oils output by the oil pump enters the five-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 17, and the other high-pressure oil enters the four-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 30 through the single-way stable diverter valve 28. The four-way hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 30 is installed on the left front side of the frame 48; the single-way stable diverter valve 28 is assembled at the front end of the frame 48, and the oil filter 32 is assembled on the left side of the frame 48. The single-way stable diverter valve 28 divides a small flow of oil and supplies it to the pilot valve main switch 22 through the oil filter 32. The supply or disconnection of the pilot oil is controlled by the pilot valve main switch 22.

[0025] The electrical control system 5 is mainly composed of the motor in the double oil pump drive assembly 31, the motor switch start button 23, the headlight switch button 19, the electric control box 33, etc. The electric control box 33 is composed of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a resistance-capacitance absorption device, a motor integrated protector, a terminal block, wires and cables, etc. The executive components are assembled in the electric control box 33. The leakage circuit breaker is used to quickly disconnect the main power supply when a leakage fault occurs in the mechanical equipment to protect the life safety of the operator; the control transformer converts the main power supply 380 / 660V in the line into a 36V safe voltage, which is used to control the circuit button and the headlight lighting to eliminate the risk of electric shock to the operator; the motor integrated protector can be used for motor overvoltage or low voltage and overload; the intermediate relay makes a transition connection for the control part of the high-voltage electrical component, and can also be used to control the low-current electrical components; the time relay is a specific control of the electrical components, and the time is set according to the required requirements to control the opening or closing of the electrical components; the headlight switch button 19 is used to control the opening or closing of the whole machine headlight.

[0026] The material conveying mechanism 6 is mainly composed of a driven shaft assembly 49, a conveying trough 50, a scraper 51, a traction chain 53, a sprocket wheel 54, a tensioning device 55, a driving wheel assembly 56, a conveying motor 57, etc. The driven shaft assembly 49 is installed in the front of the conveying trough 50, and a guide wheel is installed on the driven shaft assembly 49 for guiding the traction chain 53; the conveying trough 50 is hinged to the chassis assembly 35 by a pin shaft, and the conveying trough 50 is raised or lowered by extending and retracting the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52, so as to complete the collection of a small amount of ground materials at the shovel mouth or meet the height requirements of the vehicle compartment. The end earring of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52 is hinged to the conveying trough 50, and the end earring of the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder 52 is hinged to the chassis frame 48; the scraper 51 is installed on the traction chain 53 at equal intervals. , the material is transported upward from a low place to be loaded onto a truck by the pulling force of the traction chain 53; the supporting sprocket 54 is mounted at the rear lower part of the conveying trough 50, and is used to support the weight of the traction chain 53 and the scraper 51 at the lower part of the conveying trough 50; the tensioning device 55 is mounted at the rear end of the conveying trough 50, and is used to adjust the tightness of the traction chain 53; the driving wheel assembly 56 is mounted at the rear of the tensioning device 55, and is connected to the conveying motor 57, and a driving sprocket is installed on the driving wheel assembly 56, and the conveying motor 57 drives the driving sprocket to rotate, and the driving sprocket pulls the scraper 51 to complete the material conveying and loading operation.

[0027] The main circuit of the present invention inputs 380 / 660V AC power supply, and the power supply is connected to the AC contactor and the control transformer through the leakage circuit breaker and the circuit breaker. Press the motor switch start button 23, the AC contactor is energized, the motor of the double oil pump drive assembly 31 is powered on and rotates, and the double oil pump is driven to work in a specific rotation direction through the drum coupling. The double oil pump outputs two high-pressure oils, one of which reaches the five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve 17, and the other reaches the four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve 30 through the single-way stable diverter valve 28. The diverted oil is supplied to the pilot valve master switch 22 through the oil filter 32. The handle of the pilot valve master switch 22 is turned to the starting position to supply oil to the pilot oil circuit. The oil pressure drops to the pressure required by the pilot system, and each pilot valve is in a waiting state.

[0028] Push the right handle of the cross pilot valve 25 forward, the oil opens the valve core of the five-way hydraulic control valve 17, supplies oil to the boom cylinder 13, the piston rod of the boom cylinder 13 retracts, and the boom 11 moves downward; conversely, push the right handle of the cross pilot valve 25 backward, the piston rod of the boom cylinder 13 extends, and the boom 11 moves upward; move the right handle of the cross pilot valve 25 to the left, the oil opens the valve core of the five-way hydraulic control valve 17, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 9 extends, and pushes the inner chain rod and the outer chain plate connecting rod 8, so that the milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 moves inward; conversely, push the right handle of the cross pilot valve 25 to the right, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 9 retracts, and the milling head 7 or the bucket assembly 58 moves outward.

[0029] Push the left handle of the cross pilot valve 25 forward, the oil opens the valve core of the five-way hydraulic control valve 17, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 12 retracts, and the arm 10 moves forward. Conversely, move the left handle of the left cross pilot valve 25 backward, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 12 extends, and the arm 10 moves backward; push the left handle of the cross pilot valve 25 to the left, the oil opens the valve core of the five-way hydraulic control valve 17, one piston rod of the rotary cylinder 16 extends and the other retracts, and the working arm moves to the left about 37 degrees. Conversely, move the left handle of the cross pilot valve 25 to the right, one piston rod of the rotary cylinder 16 retracts and the other extends, and the working arm moves to the right about 37 degrees.

[0030] Pull the handle A of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 downward, the valve core of the four-way hydraulic control valve 30 opens, and oil is supplied to the milling motor. The milling head 7 rotates clockwise to start working. Conversely, pull the handle A of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 upward, the valve core of the four-way hydraulic control valve 30 supplies oil to the milling motor in the reverse direction, and the milling head 7 rotates counterclockwise. When the handle A stops in the neutral position, the milling head 7 stops working; pull the handle B of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 downward, the valve core of the four-way hydraulic control valve 30 opens, and oil is supplied to the lifting cylinder 52. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52 extends to push the conveying trough 50 to rise. Conversely, pull the handle B of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 upward, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52 retracts Pull back to move the conveying trough 50 down. When the handle B of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 stops in the neutral position, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52 does not work and the position of the conveying trough 50 remains unchanged; pull the handle C of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 upward, the valve core of the four-piece hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 30 opens to supply oil to the conveying motor 57, and the conveying motor 57 rotates clockwise, driving the traction chain 53 to move backward to realize material conveying and loading. Conversely, pull the handle C of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 downward, the valve core of the four-piece hydraulically controlled multi-way valve 30 supplies oil to the conveying motor 57 in the opposite direction, and the traction chain 53 moves forward. When the handle C of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 stops in the neutral position, the conveying motor 57 stops working.

[0031] Step forward on the right pedal of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21, and the valve core of the five-way hydraulic-controlled multi-way valve 17 opens to supply oil to the drive motor 47 (right), and the drive motor 47 (right) rotates counterclockwise to drive the right crawler track forward. Conversely, step backward on the right pedal of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21, and the drive motor 47 (right) rotates clockwise to drive the right crawler track backward; step forward on the left pedal of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21, and the valve core of the four-way hydraulic-controlled multi-way valve 30 opens to supply oil to the drive motor 47 (left), and the drive motor 47 (left) rotates clockwise to drive the left crawler track forward. Conversely, step backward on the left pedal of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21, and the drive motor 47 (left) rotates counterclockwise to drive the left crawler track backward; step forward on the left and right pedals of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21 at the same time, and the whole machine moves forward. Conversely, step backward on the left and right pedals of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21 at the same time, and the whole machine moves backward.

[0032] Move the handle of the pilot valve main switch 22 to the stop position, the pilot oil circuit stops supplying oil, and the vehicle does not move when any pilot valve is moved (stepped on), which can prevent the pilot valve from malfunctioning and prevent misoperation from causing harm and damage to operators and equipment; press the stop button of the motor switch start button 23, the AC contactor separates and disconnects the main power supply, the motor of the double oil pump drive assembly 31 is powered off, the motor stops rotating, and the entire machine stops working.

[0033] Before the excavation work, according to the hardness grade of the excavated material of the working section, the excavation material with hardness f≥3 can be equipped with the milling head 7, and the excavation material with hardness f≤3 can be equipped with the bucket assembly 58, which can achieve higher work efficiency. Press the start button of the motor switch start button 23, the motor is powered to drive the double oil pump drive assembly 31 to work, turn the handle of the pilot valve master switch 22 to the start position, the pilot system supplies oil, step on the left and right pedals of the two-way foot-operated pilot valve 21 to stop the machine to the working surface, and then turn the left and right handles of the cross pilot valve 25, and implement the excavation and loading of the material through the coordinated action of the extension and retraction of the piston rods of the big arm cylinder 13, the small arm cylinder 12, the bucket cylinder 9, and the rotary cylinder 16, and turn the handle C of the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve 24 upward, and the conveying motor 57 rotates clockwise, driving the traction chain 53 to continuously drag the material backward to realize material conveying and loading.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose milling and digging tunneling loader, characterized in that: The loader comprises a working mechanism (1), a cab operation control mechanism (2), a hydraulic control system (3), a vehicle chassis running mechanism (4), an electrical control system (5), and a material conveying mechanism (6); the milling head (7) or the bucket assembly (58) of the working mechanism (1) is hingedly mounted on a forearm (10); the bucket assembly (58) is used for excavation of materials with a hardness of f≤3, and the milling head (7) is used for milling of materials with a hardness of f≥3; the loader has a height of 1.4-1.6 meters and a width of 1.5-1.7 meters, and can be used for digging and loading in narrow culverts and tunnels; The piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder (9) of the working mechanism (1) is hinged to the milling head (7) or the bucket assembly (58) through a connecting rod (8), and the cylinder end earring is hinged to the forearm (10). The milling head (7) or the bucket assembly (58) moves up and down by extending and retracting the piston rod of the boom cylinder (9); the forearm (10) and the boom (11) are hinged by a pin shaft, the piston rod end earring of the forearm cylinder (12) is hinged to the forearm (10), the cylinder end earring of the forearm cylinder (12) is hinged to the boom (11), the boom (11) is hinged to the slewing seat (15) through a pin shaft (14), the piston rod end earring of the boom cylinder (13) is hinged to the boom (11), and the cylinder end earring of the boom cylinder (13) is hinged to the boom (11). The slewing seat (15) is hinged, and the material loading is completed by the telescopic cooperation of the piston rods of the forearm oil cylinder (12) and the upper arm oil cylinder (13); the slewing frame (18) is fixed on the conveying trough (50), the slewing seat (15) is hinged on the slewing frame (18), the piston rod end earring of the slewing oil cylinder (16) is hinged to the slewing seat (15), and the cylinder barrel end earring of the slewing oil cylinder (16) is hinged to the slewing frame (18), and the milling head (7) or the bucket assembly (58) and the upper arm (11) and the forearm (10) are deflected 37 degrees to the left and right along the central axis of the slewing frame by the telescopic movement of the piston rod of the slewing oil cylinder (16), thereby completing the material collection operation; the five-link hydraulic control multi-way valve (17) is installed on the slewing frame (18); The operating table (20) of the cab operation control mechanism (2) is mounted on the left side protection platform plate (41) of the chassis frame, the headlight switch button (19) and the cross pilot valve (25) are mounted above the operating table, the motor switch start button (23) is mounted on the left front of the seat (26), the pilot valve master switch (22) and the three-piece direct-acting pilot valve (24) are mounted on the right front of the seat (26), the two-way foot-operated pilot valve (21) is mounted on the bottom plate in front of the seat (26), and the safety protection shed (27) with manually adjustable height is mounted on the seat (26) and the left side protection platform (41) through a bracket; The hydraulic control system (3) is composed of a double oil pump drive assembly (31), a four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve (30), a five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve (17), a hydraulic oil tank (29), an air-cooled radiator (34), a drive motor (47), a conveying motor (57), a milling motor, a boom cylinder (9), a small arm cylinder (12), a large arm cylinder (13), a rotary cylinder (16), a lifting cylinder (52), a two-way foot-operated pilot valve (21), a cross pilot valve (25), a three-piece direct-acting pilot valve (24), a pilot valve master switch (22), a high-pressure filter (32), a single-way stable diverter valve (28), a flow limiting valve, a connector thread, and a high-pressure rubber hose; The guide wheel assembly (39) of the vehicle chassis walking mechanism (4) is installed at the front of the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36); the piston end of the tensioning device (40) is connected to the guide wheel assembly (39); the spring end is supported by the inner lining plate of the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36); the frame (48) is connected to the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36); the supporting wheel (42) is installed on the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36); The lower part of the frame (36) is pressed on the chain plate assembly (37) to support the whole machine, and the support sprocket wheel (43) for supporting the upper chain plate assembly (37) is installed on the upper part of the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36). The drive motor (47) is installed at the rear of the left crawler beam bracket (44) and the right crawler beam bracket (36). The drive wheel (46) is assembled on the drive motor (47). The forward or reverse rotation of the drive motor (47) completes the forward or reverse movement of the loader; the air-cooled radiator (3 4) is installed at the rear of the frame (48), the hydraulic oil tank (29) is installed at the right rear end of the right track guard plate (38), the electric control box (33) is installed at the left rear end of the left track guard plate (45), the motor of the double oil pump drive assembly (31) is installed in the middle of the frame (48), the double oil pump is installed on the flange and fixedly connected to the motor, the input shaft of the double oil pump is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, and one of the two high-pressure oil outputs of the double oil pump enters the five-way hydraulic control multi-way valve (17) , the other high-pressure oil enters the four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve (30) through the single-way stable diverter valve (28), the four-way hydraulic control multi-way valve (30) is installed on the left front side of the frame (48), the single-way stable diverter valve (28) is installed at the front end of the frame (48), the oil filter (32) is installed on the left side of the frame (48), the single-way stable diverter valve (28) separates a small flow of oil and supplies it to the pilot valve main switch (22) through the oil filter (32), and the pilot valve main switch (22) controls the on or off of the pilot oil; The electrical control system (5) is composed of a motor of a double oil pump drive assembly (31), a motor switch start button (23), a light switch button (19), and an electric control box (33); the electric control box (33) is composed of an AC contactor, a leakage circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a control transformer, an intermediate relay, a time relay, a resistance-capacitance absorption device, a motor integrated protector, a wiring terminal, and electric wires and cables; and the executive components are assembled in the electric control box (33); The driven shaft assembly (49) of the material conveying mechanism (6) is installed at the front of the conveying trough (50), and a guide wheel is installed on the driven shaft assembly (49). The conveying trough (50) is hinged on the chassis assembly (35) by a pin shaft, and the scraper (51) is installed on the traction chain (53) at equal intervals. The end earring of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (52) is hinged to the conveying trough (50), and the end earring of the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder (52) is hinged to the chassis frame (48). The conveying trough (50) is raised or lowered by retracting the conveying trough (50). A second sprocket wheel (54) supporting the chain at the lower part of the conveying trough is mounted at the rear lower part of the conveying trough (50). A second tensioning device (55) for adjusting the tightness of the chain is mounted at the rear end of the conveying trough (50). A driving wheel assembly (56) is mounted at the rear of the tensioning device (55). A driving sprocket is mounted on the driving wheel assembly (56). A conveying motor (57) drives the driving sprocket to rotate, and the driving sprocket pulls the scraper (51) to complete the material conveying and loading.

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