A waste heat driven chiller

Abstract

The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of refrigerators. A waste heat driven refrigerator is provided, comprising a housing, a linear motor, a heat-to-cold conversion unit, an exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit and a cold output unit; the heat-to-cold conversion unit comprises an ejector and a thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler, a thermoacoustic engine regenerator, a thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger, a heat buffer tube, a refrigerator room temperature cooler, a refrigerator regenerator and a cold head surrounding the ejector and connected in sequence along the axial direction of the ejector; the piston of the linear motor is connected to the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler and the ejector; the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit connects the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger and the exhaust pipe to form a heat exchange circuit; the cold output unit is connected to the cold head to form a heat exchange circuit. The waste heat driven refrigerator provided by the embodiments of the present invention achieves high thermal efficiency while having a compact structure, which can meet the limited installation space of mobile vehicles such as cars and ships.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigerators, and in particular to a waste heat driven refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] In order to create a comfortable human-machine environment and preserve food in vehicles, ships and other means of transportation, refrigeration is required. At present, most of them use the engine to directly drive the compressor or generate electricity to drive the compressor, and use the compressor to drive the working fluid to complete the refrigeration cycle to achieve refrigeration. This greatly increases the fuel consumption of the engine and increases the operating costs. However, waste heat driven refrigeration technology cannot meet the use requirements of vehicles, ships and other means of transportation due to its low power density and complex system.

[0003] Thermoacoustic heat engine is based on a new type of heat-to-work conversion principle. It can convert external heat into acoustic work, and then use acoustic work to produce refrigeration or pump heat effect. The former is called thermoacoustic engine, and the latter is called thermoacoustic refrigerator or thermoacoustic heat pump. Thermoacoustic engine and thermoacoustic refrigerator are connected together to form a heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator. There are no moving parts at both the hot end and the cold end of the heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator, which can achieve long life and low maintenance. Since the thermoacoustic heat engine can achieve Carnot efficiency, its potential thermal efficiency is relatively high. Therefore, heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration technology has become one of the hot spots of research at home and abroad. It is reported that traditional heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration can already achieve liquid hydrogen temperature range (20K), liquid nitrogen temperature range (80K), liquefied natural gas temperature range (110K), and room temperature temperature range (0℃), verifying the feasibility of the technology.

[0004] Traditional heat-driven thermoacoustic cooling uses standing wave or traveling wave thermoacoustic engines and pulse tube refrigerators or thermoacoustic refrigerators to achieve the conversion process from heat to cold. In order to pursue the thermal efficiency of the system, traveling wave thermoacoustic engines are often used to achieve the conversion of heat to acoustic work. At present, there are two types of phase adjustment mechanisms in traveling wave thermoacoustic engines. One is composed of a traveling wave loop and a standing wave resonance tube, but the standing wave resonance tube used to adjust the phase and the inertial tube in the traveling wave loop are large in size and long in length. The diameter of the standing wave resonance tube is more than 100 mm and the length is more than 5 m; the other is to arrange multiple thermoacoustic engine cores in a traveling wave loop and achieve phase adjustment through slender pipes. Both structures cannot meet the limited installation space of vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat driven refrigerator to solve the problem that the heat driven thermoacoustic refrigeration technology in the prior art cannot meet the use requirements in vehicles.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat driven refrigerator, comprising a housing, a linear motor and a heat-cold conversion unit installed inside the housing, an exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit, and a cold output unit;

[0007] The heat-cold conversion unit includes an ejector and a thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler, a thermoacoustic engine regenerator, a thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger, a heat buffer tube, a refrigerator room temperature cooler, a refrigerator regenerator and a cold head surrounding the ejector and connected in sequence along the axial direction of the ejector. The ejector is fixedly connected to an elastic member fixed to the housing, and the elastic member is used to provide a reciprocating force for the ejector.

[0008] The linear motor includes a piston as a mover, and the piston is connected to the room temperature cooler of the thermoacoustic engine and the ejector; the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit is connected to the high temperature heat exchanger of the thermoacoustic engine and the exhaust pipe to form a heat exchange circuit; the cold output unit is connected to the cold head to form a heat exchange circuit.

[0009] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator of one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member is installed in the back cavity of the linear motor, the ejector is fixedly connected to the elastic member via a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is movably provided through the piston.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat driven refrigerator comprises a plurality of the linear motors and a plurality of the heat-to-cold conversion units arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of the heat-to-cold conversion units are connected to each other at one end close to the cold head;

[0011] The exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit is simultaneously connected to the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger and the exhaust pipe of multiple cold-heat conversion units to form a heat exchange circuit, and the cold output unit is simultaneously connected to the cold heads of multiple cold-heat conversion units to form a heat exchange circuit.

[0012] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, the pistons of the plurality of linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane relative to the connection points where the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units are interconnected, and the pistons of the plurality of linear motors move synchronously relative to the connection points.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat driven refrigerator comprises a plurality of linear motors, wherein the pistons of the plurality of linear motors are connected to the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler and the ejector of the same heat-to-cold conversion unit.

[0014] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, the pistons of the plurality of linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane relative to the central axis of the ejector of the heat-to-cold conversion unit, and the pistons of the plurality of linear motors move synchronously relative to the central axis of the ejector.

[0015] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, gap sealing or dry friction sealing is adopted between the inner wall formed by the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler, the thermoacoustic engine regenerator, the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger, the heat buffer tube, the refrigerator room temperature cooler, the refrigerator regenerator and the cold head and the ejector, and between the piston and the cylinder body of the linear motor.

[0016] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger and a high temperature circulation pump, and the exhaust gas heat exchanger, the high temperature circulation pump and the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form an exhaust pipe waste heat recovery system.

[0017] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cooling output unit includes an air heat exchanger and a low temperature circulation pump, and the air heat exchanger, the low temperature circulation pump and the cold head are sequentially connected to form a cooling system.

[0018] According to a waste heat driven refrigerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, the cold output unit also includes a cold storage tank, a diverter valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the air heat exchanger and the cold head, one outlet of the diverter valve is directly connected to the air heat exchanger, and the other outlet is connected to the air heat exchanger through the cold storage tank.

[0019] The waste heat driven refrigerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the waste heat acquisition unit to recover the heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe to the heat-to-cold conversion unit, converts the recovered exhaust gas heat into acoustic power through the thermoacoustic effect, and consumes the acoustic power through the acoustic cooling effect to achieve cooling of the target refrigeration space where the cooling output unit is located. Among them, the system phase is adjusted by the ejector, which achieves higher thermal efficiency and has a compact structure compared to the traditional phase adjustment through the traveling wave loop and the standing wave resonance tube, which can meet the limited installation space of mobile vehicles such as cars and ships, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat driven refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat driven refrigerator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat driven refrigerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Casing; 11. Expansion chamber; 12. Back chamber of linear motor; 21. Piston; 211. Permanent magnet; 221. Outer stator; 222. Inner stator; 23. Coil; 310. Expeller; 311. Connecting rod; 312. Elastic member; 32. Room temperature cooler of thermoacoustic engine; 33. Regenerator of thermoacoustic engine; 34. High temperature heat exchanger of thermoacoustic engine; 35. Heat buffer tube; 36. Room temperature cooler of refrigerator; 37. Regenerator of refrigerator; 38. Cold head; 4. Exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit; 41. Exhaust gas heat exchanger; 42. High temperature circulation pump; 5. Cold output unit; 51. Air heat exchanger; 52. Low temperature circulation pump; 53. Cold storage tank; 54. Diverter valve; 6. Connection point; 7. Three-way catalytic converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 A waste heat driven refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0028] like Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat driven refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is used to be installed on vehicles such as cars or ships. The waste heat driven refrigerator includes a housing 1, a linear motor and a heat-cold conversion unit installed inside the housing 1, an exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit 4, and a cold output unit 5.

[0029] The heat-cold conversion unit includes an ejector 310 and a thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32, a thermoacoustic engine regenerator 33, a thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34, a heat buffer tube 35, a refrigerator room temperature cooler 36, a refrigerator regenerator 37 and a cold head 38, which surround the ejector 310 and are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the ejector 310. The ejector 310 is fixedly connected to an elastic member 312 fixed to the housing 1, and the elastic member 312 is used to provide a reciprocating force for the ejector 310. Among them, the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32, the thermoacoustic engine regenerator 33 and the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34 constitute a thermoacoustic driving system, and the refrigerator room temperature cooler 36, the refrigerator regenerator 37 and the cold head 38 constitute a thermoacoustic refrigeration system. The two are connected through the heat buffer tube 35.

[0030] The linear motor includes a piston 21 as a mover, and the piston 21 is connected to a thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32 and a displacer 310. Figure 1 As shown, a permanent magnet 211 is fixed on the piston 21. The linear motor also includes an outer stator 221 and an inner stator 222, and the coil 23 is arranged on the outer stator. The inner stator 222 serves as a cylinder for the piston 21 to reciprocate in the linear motor. The cavity between the ejector 310 and the piston 21 is the expansion cavity 11, and the cavity between the end of the piston 21 away from the ejector 310 and the housing 1 is the back cavity 12 of the linear motor.

[0031] The exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit 4 connects the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34 and the exhaust pipe to form a heat exchange loop. The cold output unit 5 is connected to the cold head 38 to form a heat exchange loop. If the waste heat driven refrigerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to an automobile, the automobile exhaust is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit 4 is connected to the exhaust pipe to transfer the heat in the automobile exhaust pipe to the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34. The cold output unit 5 is used to connect the cold head 38 and the target refrigeration space such as the interior space of the vehicle.

[0032] When the temperature of the high temperature heat exchanger 34 of the thermoacoustic engine reaches a critical temperature value, the linear motor is powered on and starts to be excited, and finally the whole machine starts to work. Specifically, the movement of the piston 21 causes the pressure of the expansion chamber 11 to change, thereby giving an initial force to the ejector 310, so that the ejector 310 starts to reciprocate under the action of the elastic member 312, and performs simple harmonic vibration with the piston 21, thereby adjusting the system resonance frequency and the sound field phase.

[0033] The gaseous working medium in the casing 1 absorbs heat from the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34, wherein a part of the heat is released to the outside by the gaseous working medium through the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32, and the other part is converted into acoustic work through the thermoacoustic engine regenerator 33 and acts on the thermoacoustic refrigeration system. The waste heat driven refrigeration system of the embodiment of the present invention adopts environmentally friendly gaseous working medium such as helium, argon, air, nitrogen or a mixture thereof.

[0034] Specifically, due to the thermoacoustic effect, the thermoacoustic engine regenerator 33 converts heat into acoustic work under the temperature gradient established by the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32 and the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34. The acoustic work enters the refrigerator room temperature cooler 36 and the refrigerator regenerator 37 in sequence through the heat buffer tube 35. Due to the acoustic cooling effect, the refrigerator regenerator 37 consumes acoustic work to transport heat from the cold head 38 to the refrigerator room temperature cooler 36. The cold output unit 5 continuously transfers heat to the cold head 38, and the acoustic work generated by the engine system in the heat-cold conversion unit is consumed, thereby realizing the cooling of the target refrigeration space.

[0035] The acoustic power flowing out of the cold head 38 is fed back to the front of the piston 21 after phase adjustment by the ejector 310. When the amount of feedback acoustic power is sufficient, part of the acoustic power enters the room temperature cooler 32 of the thermoacoustic engine, and experiences the next thermoacoustic effect and acoustic cooling effect, so that the system can continue to work. Another part of the acoustic power drives the piston 21 to move, converting the acoustic power into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy can be used to drive the electrical mechanisms in the system, such as the circulating pump. When the amount of feedback acoustic power is insufficient, the power supply is used to drive the linear motor to input the acoustic power to maintain the cooling capacity of the cold head 38 basically stable.

[0036] The waste heat driven refrigerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the waste heat acquisition unit to recover the heat of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe to the heat-to-cold conversion unit, converts the recovered exhaust gas heat into acoustic power through the thermoacoustic effect, and consumes the acoustic power through the acoustic cooling effect to achieve cooling of the target refrigeration space where the cooling output unit is located. Among them, the system phase is adjusted by the ejector, which achieves higher thermal efficiency and has a compact structure compared to the traditional phase adjustment through the traveling wave loop and the standing wave resonance tube, which can meet the limited installation space of mobile vehicles such as cars and ships, and has broad application prospects.

[0037] The ejector 310 in the embodiment of the present invention is internally installed with a radiation shield to reduce the heat or cold loss caused by the axial temperature difference.

[0038] In order to make the structure of the waste heat driven refrigerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention more compact, in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 312 is installed in the back cavity 12 of the linear motor, and the ejector 310 is fixedly connected to the elastic member 312 through the connecting rod 311, and the connecting rod 311 is movably penetrated through the piston 21. Among them, the elastic member 312 is a leaf spring or other device that can provide a stable linear reciprocating force, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The connecting rod 311 passes through the center of the piston 21 and is fixedly connected to the center of the leaf spring. Gap sealing or dry friction sealing is used between the connecting rod 311 and the piston 21, and between the piston 21 and the inner stator 222 (i.e., the cylinder body of the linear motor).

[0039] In order to meet the cooling needs of higher power, such as Figure 2The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat driven refrigerator according to another embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, the waste heat driven refrigerator of this embodiment includes a plurality of linear motors and a plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units which are arranged one by one and are installed in a casing 1, and the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units are connected to each other at one end near the cold head 38. The exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit 4 is connected to the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34 and the exhaust pipe of the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units at the same time to form a heat exchange circuit. The cold output unit 5 is connected to the cold heads 38 of the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units at the same time to form a heat exchange circuit. Among them, this embodiment regards a linear motor and a corresponding heat-to-cold conversion unit as a refrigeration unit. Among them, each refrigeration unit can be located in a casing 1 alone, or a plurality of refrigeration units can be located in the same casing 1.

[0040] The pistons 21 of multiple linear motors and multiple ejectors 310 will bring greater vibration to the waste heat driven refrigerator when they reciprocate. The pistons 21 of multiple linear motors in the embodiment of the present invention are centrally symmetrically distributed at the connection point 6 where multiple heat-cold conversion units are connected to each other on the same plane, and the pistons 21 of multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the connection point 6. Correspondingly, the ejectors 310 in multiple heat-cold conversion units are centrally symmetrically distributed at the connection point on the same plane, and the ejectors 310 in multiple heat-cold conversion units move synchronously relative to the connection point. Through the control of the external circuit, the pistons 21 of multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the connection point, and the ejectors 310 of multiple heat-cold conversion units also move synchronously relative to the connection point. In this way, the axial vibrations of the pistons 21 of multiple linear motors in reciprocating motion can be offset each other, and the axial vibrations of the ejectors 310 of multiple heat-cold conversion units in reciprocating motion can be offset each other. Thereby eliminating the vibration caused by the movement of the pistons 21 and the ejectors 310. Among them, the connection point refers to the point where the ends of multiple heat-cold conversion units close to the cold head 38 are connected to each other.

[0041] For example, when the waste heat driven refrigerator includes three linear motors and three heat-to-cold conversion units, the pistons 21 of the three linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed relative to the connection point 6, that is, the axes of the pistons 21 of every two adjacent linear motors are at an angle of 120°, and the axes of the ejectors 310 in every two adjacent heat-to-cold conversion units are also at an angle of 120°. When the three pistons 21 move synchronously and the three ejectors 310 move synchronously, their axial vibrations cancel each other out.

[0042] When the number of refrigeration units is an even number, the refrigeration power can be adjusted by adjusting the number of refrigeration units to work to meet the refrigeration needs of different powers. However, it is necessary to ensure that the pistons and ejectors of the refrigeration units running at the same time are still centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the connection point to ensure that the axial vibrations of the refrigeration units running at the same time can offset each other. For example, when there are four refrigeration units, a pair of refrigeration units arranged axially opposite to each other can be selected to work, or all four refrigeration units can work at the same time.

[0043] Figure 2 What is shown in the figure is a case with two linear motors and two heat-to-cold conversion units, that is, a case with only two refrigeration units. The piston 21 in each refrigeration unit is coaxially arranged with the ejector 310. One ends of the two refrigeration units are opposite to each other, and the moving parts of the two refrigeration units can move relative to each other through the control of an external circuit, that is, the driving directions of the two linear motors are opposite, and the moving directions of the ejectors in the two heat-to-cold conversion units are opposite, so that the axial vibrations of the two refrigeration units cancel each other out. In the embodiment of the present invention, one ends of the two heat-to-cold conversion units are opposite to each other, that is, the section with the cold head 38 is close to each other, so that the connection between the cold output unit 5 and the cold head 38 is more compact.

[0044] In order to improve the power density of the waste heat driven refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat driven refrigerator of another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, multiple linear motors are connected to the same heat-to-cold conversion unit. That is, the pistons 21 of the multiple linear motors are connected to the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32 and the ejector 310 of the same heat-to-cold conversion unit. By driving one heat-to-cold conversion unit with two motors at the same time, not only the power density of the system is improved, but also the compactness of the structure of the waste heat driven refrigerator is greatly improved.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to reduce the vibration caused by the multiple linear motors to the waste heat driven refrigerator during reciprocating motion, the pistons of the multiple linear motors in the embodiment of the present invention are centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane relative to the central axis of the ejector of the heat-cold conversion unit, and the pistons of the multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the central axis of the ejector. The pistons 21 of the multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the connection point through the control of the external circuit, so that the axial vibrations of the pistons 21 of the multiple linear motors in the reciprocating motion cancel each other out.

[0046] For example, when the waste heat driven refrigerator includes three linear motors, the pistons 21 of the three linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed relative to the connection point 6, that is, the axes of the pistons 21 of every two adjacent linear motors form an angle of 120°. When the three pistons 21 move synchronously, their axial vibrations cancel each other out.

[0047] Figure 3The figure shows a case with two linear motors and one heat-cold conversion unit, wherein the two linear motors and the heat-cold conversion unit form a T-shaped structure, i.e., the axes of the pistons 21 of the two linear motors are perpendicular to the axis of the ejector of the heat-cold conversion unit, and the pistons 21 of the two linear motors are simultaneously connected to the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32 and the ejector 310. The pistons 21 of the two linear motors are made to move relative to each other through the control of an external circuit, i.e., the driving directions of the two linear motors are opposite, so that the axial vibrations of the two linear motors cancel each other out.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, gap sealing or dry friction sealing is used between the inner wall formed by the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler 32, the thermoacoustic engine regenerator 33, the thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger 34, the heat buffer tube 35, the refrigerator room temperature cooler 36, the refrigerator regenerator 37 and the cold head 38 and the ejector 310, and between the piston 21 and the cylinder body of the linear motor.

[0049] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit 4 includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger 41 and a high-temperature circulation pump 42. The exhaust gas heat exchanger 41, the high-temperature circulation pump 42 and the thermoacoustic engine high-temperature heat exchanger 34 are connected in sequence to form an exhaust pipe waste heat recovery system. The direction of the arrow in the figure is the exhaust gas emission direction. Among them, the exhaust gas heat exchanger 41 is installed in the exhaust pipe of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is discharged outward through the exhaust pipe. When passing through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 41, the heat is transferred to the heat-conducting medium, and the heat-conducting medium (oil, liquid metal, molten salt, etc.) is driven to circulate through the high-temperature circulation pump 42 to continuously transport the heat in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 41 to the thermoacoustic engine high-temperature heat exchanger 34. In order to obtain a higher temperature, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the exhaust gas heat exchanger 41 is placed at the front end of the three-way catalytic converter 7 in the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust gas first passes through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 41 and then is discharged through the three-way catalytic converter 7.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling output unit 5 includes an air heat exchanger 51 and a low-temperature circulation pump 52. The air heat exchanger 51, the low-temperature circulation pump 52 and the cold head 38 are sequentially connected to form a cooling system. The low-temperature circulation pump 52 drives the heat transfer medium to circulate, and the cooling capacity generated by the cold head 38 is transported to the air heat exchanger 51. The air heat exchanger 51 is placed in the target cooling space and performs heat exchange with the air flowing through the air heat exchanger 51, thereby cooling the target cooling space.

[0051] like Figure 1-3As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cold output unit 5 further includes a cold storage tank 53, and a diverter valve 54 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the air heat exchanger 51 and the cold head 38, one outlet of the diverter valve 54 is directly connected to the air heat exchanger 51, and the other outlet is connected to the air heat exchanger 51 through the cold storage tank 53. The cold storage tank 53 is used to store excess cold, and the ratio of the used cold and the stored cold can be adjusted by adjusting the diverter valve 54 when necessary, which can reduce the temperature fluctuation of the target refrigeration space, thereby improving the economy and practicality of the waste heat driven refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat driven refrigerator, characterized in that: It includes a casing, a linear motor and a heat-cold conversion unit installed inside the casing, an exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit and a cold output unit; The heat-cold conversion unit includes an ejector and a thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler, a thermoacoustic engine regenerator, a thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger, a heat buffer tube, a refrigerator room temperature cooler, a refrigerator regenerator and a cold head surrounding the ejector and connected in sequence along the axial direction of the ejector; the ejector is fixedly connected to an elastic member fixed to the housing, and the elastic member is used to provide a reciprocating force for the ejector; The linear motor includes a piston as a mover, and the piston is connected to the room temperature cooler of the thermoacoustic engine and the ejector; the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit is connected to the high temperature heat exchanger of the thermoacoustic engine and the exhaust pipe to form a heat exchange circuit; the cold output unit is connected to the cold head to form a heat exchange circuit; Among them, it includes a plurality of linear motors and a plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the ends of the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units close to the cold head are connected to each other; the exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit is simultaneously connected to the thermoacoustic engine high-temperature heat exchanger and the exhaust pipe of the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units to form the heat exchange circuit, and the cold output unit is simultaneously connected to the cold heads of the plurality of heat-to-cold conversion units to form the heat exchange circuit; Alternatively, it comprises a plurality of the linear motors, and the pistons of the plurality of the linear motors are connected to the room temperature cooler of the thermoacoustic engine and the ejector of the same heat-to-cold conversion unit.

2. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is installed in the back cavity of the linear motor, and the ejector is fixedly connected to the elastic member through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is movably arranged through the piston.

3. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multiple heat-to-cold conversion units are connected to each other at one end close to the cold head, the pistons of the multiple linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane relative to the connection points where the multiple heat-to-cold conversion units are connected to each other, and the pistons of the multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the connection points.

4. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pistons of the multiple linear motors are connected to the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler and the ejector of the same heat-to-cold conversion unit, the pistons of the multiple linear motors are centrally symmetrically distributed on the same plane relative to the central axis of the ejector of the heat-to-cold conversion unit, and the pistons of the multiple linear motors move synchronously relative to the central axis of the ejector.

5. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Gap sealing or dry friction sealing is adopted between the inner wall formed by the thermoacoustic engine room temperature cooler, thermoacoustic engine regenerator, thermoacoustic engine high temperature heat exchanger, heat buffer tube, refrigerator room temperature cooler, refrigerator regenerator and cold head and the ejector, and between the piston and the cylinder body of the linear motor.

6. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe waste heat acquisition unit includes an exhaust gas heat exchanger and a high-temperature circulation pump. The exhaust gas heat exchanger, the high-temperature circulation pump and the thermoacoustic engine high-temperature heat exchanger are sequentially connected to form an exhaust pipe waste heat recovery system.

7. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cooling output unit comprises an air heat exchanger and a low-temperature circulation pump. The air heat exchanger, the low-temperature circulation pump and the cold head are sequentially connected to form a cooling system.

8. The waste heat driven refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cold output unit also includes a cold storage tank, and a diverter valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the air heat exchanger and the cold head. One outlet of the diverter valve is directly connected to the air heat exchanger, and the other outlet is connected to the air heat exchanger through the cold storage tank.

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