A kind of ring-shaped weighing and sorting device and method for fruit

Abstract

A fruit ring weighing and sorting device and method, comprising a fruit ring conveyor, the fruit ring conveyor comprising a fruit conveying mechanism and a fruit weighing and turning mechanism; the fruit conveying mechanism comprises a turntable, the upper end of which is circumferentially covered with fruit receiving buckets; the fruit receiving bucket comprises a bucket cup, a turning frame and a base; one end of the bucket cup is supported by the turning frame, and the end away from the hinge point is hinged to the turning frame, the upper end of the turning frame is hinged to the base, and the lower end is clamped to the base through an elastic rotating member; the fruit weighing and turning mechanism comprises an annular plate fixedly mounted on the central axis, a plurality of toggle mechanisms are mounted on the upper end of the annular plate in the circumferential direction, a reset plate is provided at the lower end of the annular plate, a weighing sensor is embedded in the reset plate, and the weighing sensor supports and weighs the bucket cup. The fruit ring weighing and sorting device and method provided by the present invention can save floor space and facilitate transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to fruit weighing and sorting equipment, in particular to a fruit annular weighing and sorting device and method, which is aimed at round fruits such as tangerines and oranges. Background Art

[0002] The existing fruit grading (weighing and sorting) generally adopts linear conveying, that is, from the initial feeding belt conveyor to the middle one-way arrangement conveyor to discharge, to the final fruit cup conveyor for sorting. The whole production line is a linear structure with front and back docking, with a length of between 10 meters and 20 meters. This not only has requirements for the factory building, but also is inconvenient for transportation after leaving the factory. For some small-batch manufacturers, it is not very practical.

[0003] The existing one-way conveyor adopts two belts to convey forward at a differential speed to realize the single-row conveyance of fruits. Since there is no single channel between the two belts, although the fruits can be dispersed, the single conveyance of fruits cannot be fully guaranteed. Therefore, the excess fruits can fall from both sides. Since the present application is a ring structure, it is not convenient to collect the excess fruits inside and outside. In addition, many other single-row conveying equipments are not completely suitable for fruits because they will cause damage to the fruits.

[0004] The existing fruit cup conveyor for weighing and sorting the fruit is generally chain-transmitted and the fruit cup can be turned left and right, which has poor stability and is not suitable for disc rotating conveying. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ring-shaped weighing and sorting device and method for fruit materials, which can carry out ring-shaped sorting and weighing of fruit materials, has a simple and reliable structure, and occupies a small area.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A fruit ring weighing and sorting device comprises a lifting conveyor, wherein the output end of the lifting conveyor is directly opposite to the feeding place of the fruit one-way arrangement conveyor, and the output end of the fruit one-way arrangement conveyor is directly opposite to the feeding place of the fruit ring conveyor; a fruit collecting bucket is fixed on the outer side of the fruit ring conveyor;

[0008] The one-way conveyor for arranging fruits includes a forward belt conveyor, and reverse belt conveyors are distributed on the left and right sides of the forward belt conveyor; the upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor and the reverse belt conveyor are flush and constitute a conveying end face, a guide guardrail is installed on the upper end of the conveying end face, the guide guardrail and the front of the conveying end face constitute a one-way channel, and the guide guardrail and the rear of the conveying end face constitute a gathering area;

[0009] The fruit ring conveyor comprises a fruit conveying mechanism and a fruit weighing and turning mechanism;

[0010] The fruit conveying mechanism comprises a bracket, a turntable is mounted on the bracket, the lower end of the turntable is driven by a chain transmission mechanism, and the upper end of the turntable is circumferentially covered with fruit receiving buckets; the fruit receiving bucket comprises a bucket cup, a turning frame and a base; wherein one end of the bucket cup is supported by the turning frame, and the other end away from the hinge point is hinged to the turning frame, the upper end of the turning frame is hinged to the base, and the lower end is clamped to the base through an elastic rotating member;

[0011] The fruit weighing and turning mechanism comprises an annular plate fixedly mounted on the central axis of the bracket, a plurality of toggle mechanisms are mounted on the upper end of the annular plate along the circumferential direction, and the toggle mechanisms turn over the turning frame of the fruit bucket; a reset plate is arranged at the lower end of the annular plate at the output end of the forward belt conveyor, and a weighing sensor is embedded on the reset plate, and the weighing sensor supports and weighs the bucket cup;

[0012] The turntable comprises a fixed cylinder which is rotatably mounted on the central axis of the bracket via a bearing. A plurality of support plates are arranged circumferentially of the fixed cylinder. The support plates are connected to an annular support plate on which a plurality of mounting positioning blocks are fixed.

[0013] The cup comprises a cup body, brackets are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body, hinged plates are arranged at the front and back, and a first positioning block is fixed on one side of the cup body.

[0014] The flip frame comprises a frame body, the front and rear ends of the upper end of the frame body are respectively hinged to the hinge plate and the base; a second positioning block is integrally formed in the middle of the frame body, and the second positioning block is opposite to the first positioning block.

[0015] The elastic rotating part includes a first limit plate, a second limit plate and a toggle plate. The first limit plate, the second limit plate and the toggle plate are made into one piece with a sleeve. The sleeve is rotatably mounted on the left and right side plates of the frame through a pin shaft. A clamp is provided at the bottom end of the toggle plate, and the clamp is located on one side of the limit plate of the base.

[0016] The toggle mechanism comprises an elastic sheet, the side end of the elastic sheet is inclined inwardly, the upper end of the elastic sheet is inclined upwardly along the running direction of the annular fruit rack, an electromagnet is fixed to the bottom end of the elastic sheet, and the adsorption end of the electromagnet is directly opposite to the suction rod on the elastic sheet.

[0017] The reset plate comprises a horizontal portion and an inclined portion, wherein the direction of the inclined portion from low to high is the same as the running direction of the fruit receiving bucket.

[0018] An emergency stop switch is arranged at the output end of the forward belt conveyor, and a trigger head of the emergency stop switch is located above the fruit receiving bucket.

[0019] A photoelectric switch is installed on one side of the toggle mechanism near the emergency stop switch.

[0020] A ring weighing and sorting method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1), pour the fruits into the feed hopper at the lower end of the lifting conveyor, the fruits are transported along the lifting conveyor and gradually enter the one-way arrangement conveyor for fruits, the fruits enter the one-way channel along the forward belt conveyor, and line up one by one to enter the fruit receiving hopper of the fruit ring conveyor; during the one-way conveying process, the fruits at the entrance of the one-way channel are continuously sent back by the reverse belt conveyor to avoid blockage;

[0022] Step 2), after the fruits are fed into the fruit receiving bucket, the fruit receiving bucket is driven to rotate at a constant speed by the turntable. The fruit receiving bucket passes through the reset plate and is weighed by the weighing sensor. When the fruit receiving bucket passes through the corresponding toggle mechanism, the electromagnet in the toggle mechanism is attracted, the corresponding fruit receiving bucket flips, and the fruits fall into the corresponding fruit collecting bucket;

[0023] Step 3), when the fruit receiving bucket reaches the end of the turning area, if there are still fruits on the fruit receiving bucket, regardless of the weight, once detected by the photoelectric switch, the toggle mechanism at that location will be activated, and the fruit receiving bucket will be turned over, and the fruits will fall down;

[0024] Step 4), the overturned fruit receiving bucket is reset when it passes through the reset plate again, and then receives the material again.

[0025] The present invention provides a ring-shaped weighing and sorting device and method for fruit material, which has the following technical effects:

[0026] 1) Changing the traditional extra-long linear grader to a ring-shaped grader can reduce the floor space, making it suitable for small-batch production and convenient for transportation; changing the original chain transmission mechanism to a turntable drive can reduce the failure rate of chain damage and other failures, thereby improving production efficiency; changing the original fruit bucket installed on the chain to a fixed installation on the turntable, and improving the structure of the fruit bucket, so that there is no need for guide rails, the mechanism is streamlined, and it is also convenient to weigh and sort during the rotation process. In summary, changing the linear grader to a ring-shaped grader is not only an improvement in form. In order to meet the stability, flipping, and weighing of the fruit bucket during ring conveying, the drive mechanism and fruit bucket of the fruit ring conveyor are improved to ensure that the grading, weighing, and sorting are accurate and reliable, with a low failure rate and a small floor space.

[0027] 2) By setting up a forward belt conveyor, a reverse belt conveyor and a guide guardrail to form a one-way arrangement conveyor for fruits, while completing one-way transportation, it ensures that the fruits will not be damaged and there will be no blockage.

[0028] 3) Since the middle of the bucket cup is hinged to the turning frame, one end of the bucket cup is supported by the turning frame and the other end is limited by the limit column. Compared with the fixed installation, when the fruit falls on the bucket cup, the bucket cup can be turned over in a small range around the turning frame, which has a certain buffer; the upper end of the turning frame is hinged to the base and the lower end utilizes the elastic rotating part to be clamped with the base. After the fruit bucket reaches a certain position, the toggle mechanism is used to directly disengage the elastic rotating part from the base, so that the material can be turned over and unloaded, and it can be directly reset when passing through the reset plate later, which is simple and efficient.

[0029] 4) By arranging a toggle mechanism on the annular plate and located at the inner circle of the annular fruit rack, the elastic sheet is driven by an electromagnet to flip, thereby realizing the flipping of the fruit receiving bucket, and the structure is simple and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the one-way arrangement conveyor for fruits and vegetables in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit conveying mechanism in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit conveying mechanism in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit receiving bucket in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit receiving bucket in the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bucket cup in the present invention.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bucket cup in the present invention.

[0041] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turning frame and the base in the present invention.

[0042] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic rotating part in the present invention.

[0043] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view of the fruit receiving bucket in the present invention.

[0044] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit weighing and turning mechanism in the present invention.

[0045] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit weighing and turning mechanism in the present invention.

[0046] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the toggle mechanism in the present invention.

[0047] Fig.17 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fruit ring conveyor in the present invention.

[0048] Fig.18 for Fig.17 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0049] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fruit collecting bucket in the present invention.

[0050] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0051] In the figure: lifting conveyor 1, one-way arrangement conveyor for fruits 2, annular conveyor for fruits 3, conveying mechanism for fruits 4, weighing and turning mechanism for fruits 5, collecting bucket for fruits 6, forward belt conveyor 2-1, reverse belt conveyor 2-2, guide guardrail 2-3, one-way channel 2-4, gathering area 2-5, bracket 4-1, turntable 4-2, chain transmission mechanism 4-3, fruit receiving bucket 4-4, bucket cup 4-5, turning frame 4-6, base 4-7, elastic rotating part 4-8, fixed cylinder 4-9, central shaft 4-10, support plate 4-11, annular support plate 4-12, installation positioning block 4 -13, cup body 4-14, bracket 4-15, hinged plate 4-16, first positioning block 4-17, frame 4-18, second positioning block 4-19, first limit plate 4-20, second limit plate 4-21, toggle plate 4-22, sleeve 4-23, clamp 4-24, limit plate 4-25, limit column 4-26, emergency stop switch 5-1, photoelectric switch 5-2, annular plate 5-3, toggle mechanism 5-4, reset plate 5-5, weighing sensor 5-6, elastic sheet 5-7, electromagnet 5-8, suction rod 5-9, horizontal part 5-10, inclined part 5-11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] like Figure 1-2As shown, a fruit ring weighing and sorting device includes a lifting conveyor 1, and a hopper is provided at the bottom end of the lifting conveyor 1, and the hopper is used to load the fruit. The output end of the lifting conveyor 1 is opposite to the feed of the fruit one-way arrangement conveyor 2, and the fruit one-way arrangement conveyor 2 is used to place the accumulated fruit in a single row and output it at a certain speed. The output end of the fruit one-way arrangement conveyor 2 is opposite to the feed of the fruit ring conveyor 3, and the fruit ring conveyor 3 is used to weigh and sort the fruit and then flip it down. A fruit collecting hopper 6 is fixed to the outside of the fruit ring conveyor 3, and the fruit collecting hopper 6 is used to complete the collection of the fruit.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the one-way arrangement conveyor 2 for fruits includes a forward belt conveyor 2-1, the width of which is slightly larger than the width of the fruits. Reverse belt conveyors 2-2 are arranged on the left and right sides of the forward belt conveyor 2-1. The forward belt conveyor 2-1 conveys forward, and the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 conveys backward.

[0054] The upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor 2-1 and the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 are flush and form a conveying end face. A guide guardrail 2-3 is installed on the upper end of the conveying end face. The guide guardrail 2-3 and the front of the conveying end face form a one-way channel 2-4, and the guide guardrail 2-3 and the rear of the conveying end face form a gathering area 2-5.

[0055] When working, the fruits are transported forward when they fall on the forward belt conveyor 2-1, and transported backward when they fall on the reverse belt conveyor 2-2. The fruits are transported in sequence when they pass through the one-way channel 2-4. Since the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 acts backward, it can avoid clogging at the input end of the one-way channel 2-4.

[0056] The fruit annular conveyor 3 comprises a fruit conveying mechanism 4 and a fruit weighing and turning mechanism 5. The fruit conveying mechanism 4 is used to convey the fruit in an annular circle, thus reducing the floor space. The fruit weighing and turning mechanism 5 is used to weigh and turn the fruit.

[0057] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the fruit conveying mechanism 4 includes a bracket 4-1, a turntable 4-2 is installed on the bracket 4-1, and the turntable 4-2 includes a central shaft 4-10 installed on a fixed plate on the bracket 4-1, and a fixed cylinder 4-9 is rotatably installed on the central shaft 4-10 through a bearing. A plurality of support plates 4-11 are circumferentially welded on the upper end of the fixed cylinder 4-9, and the support plate 4-11 is connected to an annular support plate 4-12, and a plurality of installation positioning blocks 4-13 are fixed on the annular support plate 4-12.

[0058] A transmission sprocket is installed at the lower end of the fixed cylinder 4-9, and a short shaft is installed on the corresponding fixed plate through a bearing, and a driving sprocket is installed on the short shaft. The chain is wound around the transmission sprocket and the driving sprocket and forms a chain transmission mechanism 4-3 with the transmission sprocket and the driving sprocket. The motor drives the chain transmission mechanism 4-3 to rotate, and then drives the turntable 4-2 to rotate.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, a fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is fixed on the upper end of each installation positioning block 4-13, and a small gap is maintained between adjacent fruit receiving buckets 4-4. The fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is used to load the fruit.

[0060] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the fruit-bearing bucket 4-4 includes a bucket cup 4-5, a turning frame 4-6 and a base 4-7. Among them, one end of the bucket cup 4-5 is completely supported by the turning frame 4-6, the middle of the bucket cup 4-5 is hinged to the turning frame 4-6, and the other end of the bucket cup 4-5 is limited by the limit column 4-26 to limit the rotation of the bucket cup 4-5. In this way, the bucket cup 4-5 is placed on the turning frame 4-6 and cannot be turned over at will. The upper end of the turning frame 4-6 is hinged to the base 4-7, and the lower end is clamped to the base 4-7 through an elastic rotating member 4-8. When the elastic rotating member 4-8 is separated from the base 4-7, the turning frame 4-6 turns around the hinge point and drives the bucket cup 4-5 to turn over, so that the fruit in the bucket cup 4-5 falls from the turned side. The base 4-7 here is fixed on the installation positioning block 4-13 and rotates with the installation positioning block 4-13.

[0061] like Figure 9-10 As shown, the cup 4-5 includes a cup body 4-14, and the middle of the cup body 4-14 is recessed downward to form a receiving cavity. Brackets 4-15 are provided on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body 4-14, and the lower end of the bracket 4-15 is lower than the lower end of the left and right cantilevers of the frame 4-18. The bracket 4-15 is mainly used for weighing through a weighing sensor 5-6 in the later stage. A hinged plate 4-16 is provided at the front and back of the lower end of the cup body 4-14, and the middle of the hinged plate 4-16 is a hinge point. A first positioning block 4-17 is fixed on one side of the cup body 4-14, and the first positioning block 4-17 is used to contact with the second positioning block 4-19 on the flip frame 4-6 to form a support. A limiting column 4-26 is provided on one side of the hinged plate 4-16 away from the first positioning block 4-17, and the limiting column 4-26 maintains a small distance from the cantilever of the frame 4-18. This allows the cup body 4-14 to flip over a short range around the hinge point on the hinge plate 4-16, providing a certain buffer when the fruit falls.

[0062] like Fig.11As shown, the flip frame 4-6 includes a frame body 4-18, and the frame body 4-18 is provided with cantilevers on the left and right. The front ends of the two cantilevers are hinged to the hinge plates 4-16 on the bucket cup 4-5, and the rear ends of the two cantilevers are hinged to the left and right side plates on the base 4-7. The flip frame 4-6 can be flipped around the hinge point later. A second positioning block 4-19 is integrally formed in the middle of the frame body 4-18, and the second positioning block 4-19 is opposite to the first positioning block 4-17, and the first positioning block 4-17 is supported by the second positioning block 4-19.

[0063] like Figure 11-13 As shown, an elastic rotating member 4-8 is installed at the lower end of the frame 4-18, and the elastic rotating member 4-8 includes a first limit plate 4-20, a second limit plate 4-21 and a toggle plate 4-22. The first limit plate 4-20, the second limit plate 4-21 and the toggle plate 4-22 are made into one piece with a sleeve 4-23, and the sleeve 4-23 is rotatably installed on the left and right side plates of the frame 4-18 through a pin. The first limit plate 4-20 and the second limit plate 4-21 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the vertical partition of the frame 4-18, and the toggle plate 4-22 extends out of the frame 4-18 by a certain length. A clamp 4-24 is provided at the bottom end of the toggle plate 4-22, and the clamp 4-24 is located on the side of the limit plate 4-25 of the base 4-7. The clamp 4-24 can limit the turning of the turning frame 4-6.

[0064] When it is necessary to flip the fruit at a later stage, the toggle plate 4-22 can be driven to move upward through the fruit weighing and flipping mechanism 5. At this time, the clamping head 4-24 flips over the limit plate 4-25 to the left. Since the bucket cup 4-5 is located on the right side, the bucket cup 4-5 and the flipping frame 4-6 lose balance as a whole. The bucket cup 4-5 and the flipping frame 4-6 rotate clockwise and tilt to the right as a whole. Then the fruit falls from the right end, that is, falls out from the outside of the turntable 4-2 and falls into the corresponding fruit collecting bucket 6.

[0065] like Figure 14-15 As shown, the fruit weighing and turning mechanism 5 includes an annular plate 5-3 mounted on the central axis 4-10 of the bracket 4-1. The annular plate 5-3 is fixed to the central axis 4-10 and is located on the annular support plate 4-12. The annular plate 5-3 is divided into a weighing area and a turning area according to its function.

[0066] In the weighing area, i.e., at the feeding place of the fruit ring conveyor 3, a reset plate 5-5 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the ring plate 5-3. The reset plate 5-5 includes a horizontal part 5-10 and an inclined part 5-11, wherein the direction from low to high of the inclined part 5-11 is the same as the running direction of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 and the higher end is connected to the horizontal part 5-10. When the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is kept in a horizontal state, the upper surface of the horizontal part 5-10 contacts the bracket 4-15 of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 and slightly lifts the bracket 4-15. Since a weighing sensor 5-6 is embedded on the horizontal part 5-10, the upper surface of the weighing sensor 5-6 is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal part 5-10, and weighing can be completed by the weighing sensor 5-6. When the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is in the flipped state, the lowest end of the inclined portion 5-11 does not contact the bracket 4-15 of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4. In this way, during the rotation of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4, the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 enters from the lowest end of the inclined portion 5-11 to the highest end of the inclined portion 5-11 and finally falls to the horizontal portion 5-10. The fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is gradually transformed from the flipped state to the horizontal state, thereby completing the automatic resetting of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4.

[0067] like Fig.16 As shown, a plurality of toggle mechanisms 5-4 are installed in the flipping zone, and the toggle mechanism 5-4 here includes an elastic sheet 5-7, and the elastic sheet 5-7 is a U-shaped metal sheet. The side end of the elastic sheet 5-7 tilts inward when not subjected to force, and the upper end of the elastic sheet 5-7 tilts upward along the running direction of the annular fruit rack. An electromagnet 5-8 is fixed to the bottom end of the elastic sheet 5-7, and the electromagnet 5-8 is installed in the shell. A suction rod 5-9 is installed on the corresponding elastic sheet 5-7, and the suction rod 5-9 extends into the shell to adsorb or detach from the adsorption end of the electromagnet 5-8. For the flipping zone, the controller will set multiple weight ranges according to actual needs, and each weight range corresponds to a toggle mechanism 5-4. During the rotation of the annular fruit rack, the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 with the fruit material will pass through the toggle mechanism 5-4. If the weight of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is within the weight range corresponding to the toggle mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 is energized to produce suction, the elastic sheet 5-7 is attracted, the side end of the elastic sheet 5-7 is in a vertical state, and the toggle plate 11 of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is bounced when passing through the elastic sheet 5-7, thereby causing the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 to flip over, and the fruit material in the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 falls into the corresponding container. If the weight of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is not within the weight range corresponding to the toggle mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 is not energized.

[0068] like Fig.17As shown, an emergency stop switch 5-1 is provided at the feeding position of the annular fruit rack, and the trigger head of the emergency stop switch 5-1 is located above the fruit receiving bucket 4-4. The emergency stop switch 5-1 is located at the tail of the flipping zone, and the trigger head of the emergency stop switch 5-1 has a certain flexibility and is made of an elastic metal rod or a spring. When a certain toggle mechanism 5-4 or other failure occurs in the front, resulting in fruit still on the fruit receiving bucket 4-4, the fruit passing through the emergency stop switch 5-1 will trigger the emergency stop switch 5-1, thereby causing the device to stop urgently and remove the fruit. This prevents the fruit from getting stuck in the unloading mechanism or affecting the unloading.

[0069] like Fig.17 As shown, a photoelectric switch 5-2 is installed on one side of the toggle mechanism 5-4 near the emergency stop switch 5-1. The photoelectric switch 5-2 is used to detect whether there are fruits in the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 at the end of the flipping area. If there are fruits, the toggle mechanism 5-4 will be activated to directly flip the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 to ensure that all the fruits fall down.

[0070] In the above device, the electronic control principle of weighing and grading adopts the electronic control principle in the patent "Fruit weighing and grading system and weighing method using DSP processing module and intelligent algorithm" with application number "201010228673.4". The weighing sensor 5-6 is connected to the signal preprocessing module, DSP processing module, PLC, and electromagnet 5-8 of the toggle mechanism 5-4 in sequence. The signal preprocessing module is responsible for real-time preprocessing such as amplification and filtering of the output signal of the weighing sensor 5-6. When a fruit bucket 4-4 passes through the weighing area, the DSP processing module calculates the precise weight information carried by the fruit bucket 4-4 in real time and converts it into a 4-20mA standard signal output. The PLC regularly collects the standard signal output by the DSP processing module, determines the fruit grade, tracks it in real time, controls the fruit unloading action of the electromagnet 5-8, and controls the grading speed of the variable frequency motor that drives the annular fruit rack to rotate. The PC monitors the entire fruit grading process in real time.

[0071] Described material fruit collecting bucket 6 comprises inner layer hard plate, and hard plate is coated with sponge layer and cortex layer outside. Thus can play good cushioning effect when material fruit falls, reduce fruit injury.

[0072] like Fig.19 As shown, a door 6-1 is installed on one side of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the door 6-1 is connected to the rear baffle 6-3 through a flexible connecting plate 6-2. When the door 6-1 is opened, the door 6-1 is flush with the bottom surface of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the flexible connecting plates 6-2 on both sides are unfolded. When the door 6-1 is closed, the door 6-1 is flush with the rear baffle 6-3 of the fruit collecting hopper 6, and the flexible connecting plates 6-2 are in a folded state.

[0073] like Fig. 20As shown, the opening or closing of the opening and closing door 6-1 is limited by the clamping mechanism 6-4, and the clamping mechanism 6-4 includes a central pin 6-5 and a rotating pin 6-6 fixed to the left and right sides of the opening and closing door 6-1. A clamping plate 6-7 is fixed to the corresponding rear baffle 6-3, and a first positioning hole 6-8 and a second positioning hole 6-9 are provided on the clamping plate 6-7. The first positioning hole 6-8 is a triangle, and the second positioning hole 6-9 is an arc of a special shape. The central pin 6-5 is inserted into the first positioning hole 6-8, and the rotating pin 6-6 is inserted into the second positioning hole 6-9. When the rotating pin 6-6 moves along the second positioning hole 6-9, the opening and closing door 6-1 can rotate 90 degrees around the first positioning hole 6-8.

[0074] Slightly lift the opening and closing door 6-1 upwards to move the center pin 6-5 and the rotating pin 6-6 upwards a short distance, and then rotate the opening and closing door 6-1. The opening and closing door 6-1 rotates relative to the first positioning hole 6-8 to a state flush with the bottom plate of the fruit collecting bucket 6. Loosen the opening and closing door 6-1 to realize the opening state of the opening and closing door 6-1.

[0075] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, a leather fruit blocking strip is provided at the output end of the one-way fruit arrangement conveyor 2, and the width of the fruit blocking strip is greater than the fruit receiving bucket 4-4, so that when the fruit is unloaded, the fruit is prevented from jumping out of the fruit receiving bucket 4-4. In addition, an arc-shaped baffle is provided above the reset plate 5-5, which also has the effect of preventing the fruit from jumping out.

[0076] Working principle and process:

[0077] 1) Pour the fruits into the feed hopper at the lower end of the lifting conveyor 1. The fruits are transported along the lifting conveyor 1 and gradually enter the one-way arrangement conveyor 2 for fruits. The fruits enter the one-way channel 2-4 along the forward belt conveyor 2-1 and line up one by one to enter the fruit receiving hopper 4-4 of the fruit ring conveyor 3. During the one-way conveying process, the fruits at the entrance of the one-way channel 2-4 are continuously sent back by the reverse belt conveyor 2-2 to avoid blockage.

[0078] 2) After the fruits are fed into the fruit receiving bucket 4-4, the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is driven to rotate at a constant speed by the turntable 4-2. The fruit receiving bucket 4-4 passes through the reset plate 5-5 and is weighed by the weighing sensor 5-6. When the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 passes through the corresponding toggle mechanism 5-4, the electromagnet 5-8 in the toggle mechanism 5-4 is attracted, and the corresponding fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is turned over, and the fruits fall into the corresponding fruit collecting bucket 6.

[0079] 3) When the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 reaches the end of the turning area, if there are still fruits on the fruit receiving bucket 4-4, regardless of the weight, once detected by the photoelectric switch 5-2, the toggle mechanism 5-4 there will be activated, and the fruit receiving bucket 4-4 will be turned over, and the fruits will fall down.

[0080] 4) The overturned fruit receiving bucket 4-4 is reset when it passes through the reset plate 5-5 again, and then receives the material again.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped weighing and sorting device for fruit, characterized in that: It comprises a lifting conveyor (1), the output end of the lifting conveyor (1) is directly opposite to the feeding place of the one-way arrangement conveyor (2) for fruits and materials, the output end of the one-way arrangement conveyor (2) is directly opposite to the feeding place of the circular conveyor (3) for fruits and materials, and a fruit collecting bucket (6) is fixed on the outer side of the circular conveyor (3); The one-way fruit conveyor (2) comprises a forward belt conveyor (2-1), and reverse belt conveyors (2-2) are arranged on the left and right sides of the forward belt conveyor (2-1); the upper surfaces of the forward belt conveyor (2-1) and the reverse belt conveyor (2-2) are flush and form a conveying end face, a guide guardrail (2-3) is installed at the upper end of the conveying end face, the guide guardrail (2-3) and the front of the conveying end face form a one-way channel (2-4), and the guide guardrail (2-3) and the rear of the conveying end face form a material collection area (2-5); The fruit ring conveyor (3) comprises a fruit conveying mechanism (4) and a fruit weighing and turning mechanism (5); The fruit conveying mechanism (4) comprises a support (4-1), a rotating disk (4-2) is mounted on the support (4-1), the lower end of the rotating disk (4-2) is driven by a chain conveying mechanism (4-3), and the upper end of the rotating disk (4-2) is circumferentially covered with fruit receiving buckets (4-4); the fruit receiving buckets (4-4) comprise a bucket cup (4-5), a turning frame (4-6) and a base (4-7); wherein one end of the bucket cup (4-5) is supported by the turning frame (4-6), and the other end away from the hinge point is hinged to the turning frame (4-6); the upper end of the turning frame (4-6) is hinged to the base (4-7), and the lower end is clamped to the base (4-7) via an elastic rotating member (4-8); The fruit weighing and turning mechanism (5) comprises an annular plate (5-3) fixedly mounted on a central axis (4-10) of a bracket (4-1); a plurality of toggle mechanisms (5-4) are mounted on the upper end of the annular plate (5-3) along a circumferential direction; the toggle mechanisms (5-4) turn over a turning frame (4-6) of a fruit receiving bucket (4-4); a reset plate (5-5) is provided at the lower end of the annular plate (5-3) and located at the output end of the forward belt conveyor (2-1); a weighing sensor (5-6) is embedded on the reset plate (5-5); and the weighing sensor (5-6) supports and weighs the bucket cup (4-5); The rotating disk (4-2) comprises a fixed cylinder (4-9), the fixed cylinder (4-9) being rotatably mounted on a central axis (4-10) of a bracket (4-1) via a bearing, a plurality of support plates (4-11) being provided around the fixed cylinder (4-9), the support plates (4-11) being connected to an annular support plate (4-12), and a plurality of mounting positioning blocks (4-13) being fixed on the annular support plate (4-12); The cup (4-5) comprises a cup body (4-14), brackets (4-15) are provided on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cup body (4-14), hinge plates (4-16) are provided at the front and rear ends, and a first positioning block (4-17) is fixed on one side of the cup body (4-14); The turning frame (4-6) comprises a frame body (4-18), the upper end of the frame body (4-18) being hinged to the hinge plate (4-16) and the base (4-7) at the front and rear ends thereof respectively; a second positioning block (4-19) is integrally formed in the middle of the frame body (4-18), and the second positioning block (4-19) is opposite to the first positioning block (4-17); The elastic rotating member (4-8) comprises a first limit plate (4-20), a second limit plate (4-21) and a toggle plate (4-22); the first limit plate (4-20), the second limit plate (4-21) and the toggle plate (4-22) are formed as one piece with a sleeve (4-23); the sleeve (4-23) is rotatably mounted on the left and right side plates of the frame body (4-18) via a pin; a clamping head (4-24) is provided at the bottom end of the toggle plate (4-22); the clamping head (4-24) is located on one side of the limit plate (4-25) of the base (4-7); The toggle mechanism (5-4) comprises an elastic sheet (5-7), the side end of the elastic sheet (5-7) is inclined inwardly, the upper end of the elastic sheet (5-7) is inclined upwardly along the running direction of the annular fruit rack, an electromagnet (5-8) is fixed to the bottom end of the elastic sheet (5-7), and the adsorption end of the electromagnet (5-8) is directly opposite to the suction rod (5-9) on the elastic sheet (5-7); The reset plate (5-5) comprises a horizontal portion (5-10) and an inclined portion (5-11), wherein the direction of the inclined portion (5-11) from low to high is the same as the running direction of the fruit receiving bucket (4-4).

2. The fruit ring weighing and sorting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An emergency stop switch (5-1) is provided at the output end of the forward belt conveyor (2-1), and a trigger head of the emergency stop switch (5-1) is located above the fruit receiving bucket (4-4).

3. The ring-shaped weighing and sorting device for fruit material according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A photoelectric switch (5-2) is installed on one side of the toggle mechanism (5-4) near the emergency stop switch (5-1).

4. A method for weighing and sorting fruit according to a ring-shaped weighing and sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: Step 1), pouring the fruit into the feed hopper at the lower end of the lifting conveyor (1), the fruit is transported along the lifting conveyor (1) and gradually enters the one-way fruit arrangement conveyor (2), the fruit enters the one-way channel (2-4) along the forward belt conveyor (2-1), and queues up one by one and enters the fruit receiving hopper (4-4) of the fruit ring conveyor (3); during the one-way conveying process, the fruit at the entrance of the one-way channel (2-4) is continuously sent back by the reverse belt conveyor (2-2) to avoid blockage; Step 2), after the fruit material is fed into the fruit receiving bucket (4-4), the fruit receiving bucket (4-4) is driven by the rotating disk (4-2) to rotate at a uniform speed; The fruit receiving bucket (4-4) passes through the reset plate (5-5) and is weighed by a weighing sensor (5-6). When the fruit receiving bucket (4-4) passes through a corresponding toggle mechanism (5-4), an electromagnet (5-8) in the toggle mechanism (5-4) is attracted, and the corresponding fruit receiving bucket (4-4) is turned over, and the fruits fall into a corresponding fruit collecting bucket (6). Step 3), when the fruit receiving bucket (4-4) reaches the end of the turning area, if there are still fruits on the fruit receiving bucket (4-4), regardless of the weight, once detected by the photoelectric switch (5-2), the toggle mechanism (5-4) at that location will be activated, and the fruit receiving bucket (4-4) will be turned over, and the fruits will fall down; Step 4), the turned fruit receiving bucket (4-4) is reset when it passes through the reset plate (5-5) again, and then receives the material again.

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