An open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout

Abstract

The invention discloses an open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout, comprising: a liquefaction area, a storage area and an intermediate area between the liquefaction area and the storage area; the equipment in the liquefaction area, the storage area and the intermediate area are all arranged in the open air; the storage area is used to place a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the intermediate area is used to place a nitrogen buffer tank; the liquefaction area is used to place the main equipment of the hydrogen liquefaction system, and the main equipment comprises: a nitrogen compressor, a chiller, a vacuum control cabinet, a vacuum unit, a cold box, a bearing gas buffer tank, a gas distribution cabinet, a cold trap, a helium buffer tank, a helium regulation system, an oil removal system and two helium compressors; the distance between the cold box and the nitrogen compressor, the chiller, the vacuum control cabinet, the cold box, the bearing gas buffer tank, the gas distribution cabinet, the cold trap, the helium buffer tank, the helium regulation system, the oil removal system and the two helium compressors is greater than 4.5m; the invention can both ensure the safety of the system and reduce the footprint of the entire system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen liquefaction systems, and in particular relates to an open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen and oxygen react to produce only water, without any carbon emissions, and are an ideal clean energy source. The promotion and application of hydrogen energy is an ideal way to solve the current energy and environmental problems faced by mankind. Liquid hydrogen has the advantages of high hydrogen density, increased vehicle (equipment) range, low transportation cost, high hydrogen storage purity, low-pressure liquid storage, and good safety in use. It is an ideal way to solve the large-scale, commercial storage and transportation supply of hydrogen.

[0003] There are still some problems to be solved in the actual promotion and application of hydrogen energy, one of which is the large-scale storage of hydrogen. The hydrogen liquefaction system is a device for producing liquid hydrogen. Since the system involves low temperature and flammable and explosive gases, it places high demands on the safety of the system. In the process of building a hydrogen liquefaction plant, it is necessary to consider the safety protection and safety distance of each process equipment, and reasonably layout the hydrogen liquefaction system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout, which can not only ensure the safety of the system but also reduce the floor space of the entire system.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout includes: a liquefaction area, a storage area, and an intermediate area between the liquefaction area and the storage area; the equipment in the liquefaction area, the storage area, and the intermediate area are all arranged in the open air;

[0007] The storage area is used to place a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the liquid nitrogen storage tank stores liquid nitrogen; the liquid hydrogen storage tank stores liquid hydrogen;

[0008] The middle area is used to place a nitrogen buffer tank; nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen buffer tank;

[0009] The liquefaction area is used to place the main equipment of the hydrogen liquefaction system, which includes: nitrogen compressor, chiller, vacuum control cabinet, vacuum unit, cold box, bearing gas buffer tank, gas distribution cabinet, cold trap, helium buffer tank, helium regulation system, oil removal system and two helium compressors;

[0010] The liquefied area is a rectangular area, and the two opposite long sides of the rectangular area are respectively side A and side B, and the two opposite short sides are respectively side C and side D;

[0011] The two helium compressors are located side by side at the edge C of the liquefaction zone;

[0012] The nitrogen compressor is located on the side of the liquefaction zone near the side C;

[0013] The chiller and vacuum control cabinet are located on the side of the liquefaction zone near the side D on the side A;

[0014] The vacuum unit, cold box and bearing gas buffer tank are all located at the edge D of the liquefaction zone;

[0015] The gas distribution cabinets are all located on the side of the liquefaction area close to the side D;

[0016] The helium buffer tank is located in the middle of the side B of the liquefaction zone;

[0017] The cold trap, helium regulation system and oil removal system are all located in the middle of the liquefaction zone;

[0018] The distance between the cold box and the nitrogen compressor, chiller, vacuum control cabinet, cold box, bearing gas buffer tank, gas distribution cabinet, cold trap, helium buffer tank, helium regulation system, oil removal system and two helium compressors is greater than 4.5m; the distance between the cold box and the vacuum unit is less than 4.5m.

[0019] Furthermore, the overall connection relationship is as follows:

[0020] The connection relationship corresponding to the circulating water passage is as follows: the peripheral water supply equipment is respectively connected to the input end of the helium compressor, the input end of the nitrogen compressor and the input end of the chiller through the circulating water supply pipe; the water supply equipment is respectively connected to the output end of the two helium compressors, the output end of the nitrogen compressor and the output end of the chiller through the circulating water return pipe;

[0021] The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid hydrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box is connected to the input end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through a liquid hydrogen pipe;

[0022] The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to the input end of the cold trap and the input end of the cold box respectively through the liquid nitrogen pipe;

[0023] The connection relationship corresponding to the nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box is connected to the input end of the nitrogen compressor through a low-pressure nitrogen pipe; the output end of the nitrogen compressor is connected to the input end of the nitrogen buffer tank through a high-pressure nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the nitrogen buffer tank is connected to the peripheral nitrogen storage tank;

[0024] The connection relationship corresponding to the plant nitrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral plant gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet through the plant nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet is connected to the input end of the oil removal system and the input end of the cold box through the plant nitrogen pipe;

[0025] The connection relationship corresponding to the instrument gas (i.e. air) passage is as follows: the peripheral plant gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet through the instrument gas pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet is connected to the input end of the cold box and the input end of the helium regulation system through the instrument gas pipe;

[0026] The connection relationship corresponding to the hydrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral hydrogen source is connected to the input end of the cold box through a hydrogen pipe;

[0027] The connection relationship corresponding to the chilled water passage is as follows: the output end of the chiller is connected to the input end of the vacuum unit and the input end of the cold box through the chilled water outlet pipe; the input end of the chiller is connected to the output end of the vacuum unit and the output end of the cold box through the chilled water return pipe;

[0028] The connection relationship corresponding to the helium passage is as follows: the high-pressure helium at the output end of the helium compressor is connected to the input end of the oil removal system, the output end of the oil removal system is connected to the high-pressure helium input end of the helium regulation system, the high-pressure helium output end of the helium regulation system is connected to the high-pressure helium input end of the cold box and the cold trap, the low-pressure helium output end of the cold box and the cold trap is connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium regulation system, the low-pressure helium output end of the helium regulation system is connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium compressor, the helium regulation system is connected to the helium buffer tank, and the cold box is connected to the bearing gas buffer tank.

[0029] Furthermore, the explosion-proof grade of the vacuum unit is not lower than IICT1.

[0030] Furthermore, the liquefaction area is provided with a canopy covering the area, and the canopy is used to protect the main equipment in the area.

[0031] Furthermore, a vent pipe and a lightning protection belt of the hydrogen liquefaction system are arranged on the top of the canopy.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The present invention arranges the positions of the equipment and the distances between them to achieve a reasonable layout, thereby realizing a layout mode of the hydrogen liquefaction system in an open-air environment, thereby reducing the floor space of the entire system while ensuring the safety of the hydrogen liquefaction system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a layout diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Among them, 1-nitrogen compressor; 3-chiller; 4-vacuum control cabinet; 5-vacuum unit; 6-cold box; 8-bearing gas buffer tank; 9-gas distribution cabinet; 10-nitrogen buffer tank; 11-cold trap; 12-helium buffer tank; 13-helium regulation system; 14-oil removal system; 15-helium compressor; 16-liquid nitrogen storage tank; 17-liquid hydrogen storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] This embodiment provides an open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout, see the attached Figure 1 , including: liquefaction area, storage area and the intermediate area between the liquefaction area and the storage area; the equipment in the liquefaction area, storage area and the intermediate area are all arranged in the open air;

[0037] The storage area is used to place a liquid nitrogen storage tank 16 and a liquid hydrogen storage tank 17; the liquid nitrogen storage tank 16 stores liquid nitrogen; the liquid hydrogen storage tank 17 stores liquid hydrogen;

[0038] The middle area is used to place a nitrogen buffer tank 10; nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen buffer tank 10;

[0039] The liquefaction area is used to place the main equipment of the hydrogen liquefaction system, which includes: a nitrogen compressor 1, a chiller 3, a vacuum control cabinet 4, a vacuum unit 5, a cold box 6, a bearing gas buffer tank 8, a gas distribution cabinet 9, a cold trap 11, a helium buffer tank 12, a helium regulation system 13, an oil removal system 14 and two helium compressors 15;

[0040] The liquefied area is a rectangular area, and the two opposite long sides of the rectangular area are respectively side A and side B, and the two opposite short sides are respectively side C and side D;

[0041] The two helium compressors 15 are located side by side at the edge C of the liquefaction zone;

[0042] The nitrogen compressor 1 is located on the side of the liquefaction zone A close to the side C;

[0043] The chiller 3 and the vacuum control cabinet 4 are located on the side of the liquefaction zone A close to the side D;

[0044] The vacuum unit 5, cold box 6 and bearing gas buffer tank 8 are all located at the edge D of the liquefaction zone;

[0045] The gas distribution cabinets 9 are all located on the side B of the liquefaction area close to the side D;

[0046] The helium buffer tank 12 is located in the middle of the side B of the liquefaction zone;

[0047] The cold trap 11, helium regulating system 13 and oil removal system 14 are all located in the middle of the liquefaction zone;

[0048] The distances between the cold box 6 and the nitrogen compressor 1, the chiller 3, the vacuum control cabinet 4, the cold box 6, the bearing gas buffer tank 8, the gas distribution cabinet 9, the cold trap 11, the helium buffer tank 12, the helium regulation system 13, the oil removal system 14 and the two helium compressors 15 are all greater than 4.5m to comply with the provisions of GB 50177; the distance between the cold box 6 and the vacuum unit 5 is less than 4.5m;

[0049] The explosion-proof grade of the vacuum unit 5 is not less than IIC T1;

[0050] The liquefaction area is provided with a canopy covering the area, and the canopy is used to protect the main equipment in the area; a vent pipe and a lightning protection belt of the hydrogen liquefaction system are provided on the top of the canopy;

[0051] The safety distance between the storage area and the liquefaction area should be determined according to the liquid hydrogen storage volume and the requirements of the relevant national standards corresponding to the liquid hydrogen storage volume;

[0052] The overall connection relationship is as follows:

[0053] The connection relationship corresponding to the circulating water passage is as follows: the peripheral water supply equipment is connected to the input end of the helium compressor 15, the input end of the nitrogen compressor 1 and the input end of the chiller 3 through the circulating water supply pipe; the water supply equipment is connected to the output ends of the two helium compressors 15, the output end of the nitrogen compressor 1 and the output end of the chiller 3 through the circulating water return pipe;

[0054] The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid hydrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box 6 is connected to the input end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 17 through a liquid hydrogen pipe;

[0055] The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 16 is connected to the input end of the cold trap 11 and the input end of the cold box 6 respectively through the liquid nitrogen pipe;

[0056] The connection relationship corresponding to the nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box 6 is connected to the input end of the nitrogen compressor 1 through a low-pressure nitrogen pipe; the output end of the nitrogen compressor 1 is connected to the input end of the nitrogen buffer tank 10 through a high-pressure nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the nitrogen buffer tank 10 is connected to the peripheral nitrogen storage tank;

[0057] The connection relationship corresponding to the plant nitrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral plant gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet 9 through the plant nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet 9 is connected to the input end of the oil removal system 14 and the input end of the cold box 6 through the plant nitrogen pipe;

[0058] The connection relationship corresponding to the instrument gas (i.e. air) passage is as follows: the peripheral plant gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet 9 through the instrument gas pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet 9 is connected to the input end of the cold box 6 and the input end of the helium regulation system 13 through the instrument gas pipe;

[0059] The connection relationship corresponding to the hydrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral hydrogen source is connected to the input end of the cold box 6 through a hydrogen pipe;

[0060] The connection relationship corresponding to the chilled water passage is as follows: the output end of the chiller 3 is connected to the input end of the vacuum unit 5 and the input end of the cold box 6 respectively through the chilled water outlet pipe; the input end of the chiller 3 is connected to the output end of the vacuum unit 5 and the output end of the cold box 6 respectively through the chilled water return pipe;

[0061] The connection relationship corresponding to the helium passage is as follows: the high-pressure helium at the output end of the helium compressor 15 is connected to the input end of the oil removal system 14, the output end of the oil removal system 14 is connected to the high-pressure helium input end of the helium regulating system 13, the high-pressure helium output end of the helium regulating system 13 is connected to the high-pressure helium input ends of the cold box 6 and the cold trap 11, the low-pressure helium output ends of the cold box 6 and the cold trap 11 are connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium regulating system 13, the low-pressure helium output end of the helium regulating system 13 is connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium compressor 15, the helium regulating system 13 is connected to the helium buffer tank, and the cold box 6 is connected to the bearing gas buffer tank 8;

[0062] Working principle:

[0063] Nitrogen circuit: the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 16 is output to the cold box 6, and the liquid nitrogen is converted into low-pressure nitrogen through heat exchange in the cold box 6, and then output to the nitrogen compressor 1; the nitrogen compressor 1 is used to compress and pressurize the low-pressure nitrogen from the cold box 6, and the pressurized nitrogen is buffered by the nitrogen buffer tank 10 and then output to the peripheral nitrogen storage tank;

[0064] Hydrogen circuit: The hydrogen provided by the peripheral hydrogen source is liquefied in the cold box 6 to form liquid hydrogen, which is then output to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 17;

[0065] Helium circuit:

[0066] The helium compressor 15 compresses the low-pressure helium from the helium regulating system 13 and discharges high-pressure helium; the discharged high-pressure helium passes through the oil removal system 14 and enters the high-pressure helium path of the helium regulating system 13; the oil removal system 14 is used to remove the oil contained in the high-pressure helium at the outlet of the helium compressor 15; the helium regulating system 13 outputs the high-pressure helium to the cold box 6, and the high-pressure helium is converted into low-pressure helium in the cold box 6 and then returned to the low-pressure path of the helium regulating system 13; the helium regulating system 13 returns the low-pressure helium to the input end of the helium compressor 15; the helium buffer tank 12 stores helium, which can load or unload helium to the helium regulating system 13; the helium regulating system 13 is used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the helium at its outlet to make it stable; the helium regulating system 13 outputs low-pressure helium to the cold trap 11, and the cold trap 11 is used to purify the helium from the helium regulating system 13 and return it to the helium regulating system 13;

[0067] The cold box 6 is used to provide cooling capacity for hydrogen liquefaction and heat for liquid nitrogen gasification; a valve box is provided in the cold box 6, and the valve box is used to control the flow parameters of the gas or liquid in the pipeline in the cold box 6;

[0068] The water chiller 3 is used to provide chilled water for cooling the cold box 6 and the vacuum unit 5;

[0069] The vacuum unit 5 is used to evacuate the cold box 6;

[0070] The vacuum control cabinet 4 is used to control the operation of the vacuum unit 5;

[0071] The bearing gas buffer tank 8 is used to provide bearing gas (i.e. helium) flow to the bearings of the turbine expander in the cold box 6 for buffering;

[0072] The gas distribution cabinet 9 is used to distribute the gas provided by the peripheral factory gas source into instrument gas (air) and factory nitrogen, and output the instrument gas to the cold box 6; output the factory nitrogen to the cold box 6 and the oil removal system 14.

[0073] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout, characterized in that: include: The liquefaction area, storage area and the intermediate area between the liquefaction area and the storage area; the equipment in the liquefaction area, storage area and the intermediate area are all arranged in the open air; The storage area is used to place a liquid nitrogen storage tank (16) and a liquid hydrogen storage tank (17); liquid nitrogen is stored in the liquid nitrogen storage tank (16); liquid hydrogen is stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (17); The middle area is used to place a nitrogen buffer tank (10); nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen buffer tank (10); The liquefaction area is used to place the main equipment of the hydrogen liquefaction system, and the main equipment includes: a nitrogen compressor (1), a chiller (3), a vacuum control cabinet (4), a vacuum unit (5), a cold box (6), a bearing gas buffer tank (8), a gas distribution cabinet (9), a cold trap (11), a helium buffer tank (12), a helium regulation system (13), an oil removal system (14) and two helium compressors (15); The liquefied area is a rectangular area, and the two opposite long sides of the rectangular area are respectively side A and side B, and the two opposite short sides are respectively side C and side D; The two helium compressors (15) are located side by side at the edge C of the liquefaction zone; The nitrogen compressor (1) is located on the side of the liquefaction zone near the side C; The water chiller (3) and the vacuum control cabinet (4) are located on the side of the liquefaction zone near the side D on the side A; The vacuum unit (5), cold box (6) and bearing gas buffer tank (8) are all located at the edge D of the liquefaction zone; The gas distribution cabinets (9) are all located on the side of the liquefaction zone near the side D; The helium buffer tank (12) is located in the middle of the side B of the liquefaction zone; The cold trap (11), the helium regulating system (13) and the oil removal system (14) are all located in the middle of the liquefaction zone; The distances between the cold box (6) and the nitrogen compressor (1), the chiller (3), the vacuum control cabinet (4), the cold box (6), the bearing gas buffer tank (8), the gas distribution cabinet (9), the cold trap (11), the helium buffer tank (12), the helium regulation system (13), the oil removal system (14) and the two helium compressors (15) are all greater than 4.5 m; the distance between the cold box (6) and the vacuum unit (5) is less than 4.5 m; The explosion-proof grade of the vacuum unit (5) is not less than IICT1; The liquefaction area is provided with a canopy covering the area, and the canopy is used to protect the main equipment in the area.

2. An open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The overall connection relationship is as follows: The connection relationship corresponding to the circulating water passage is as follows: the peripheral water supply equipment is respectively connected to the input end of the helium compressor (15), the input end of the nitrogen compressor (1) and the input end of the chiller (3) through the circulating water supply pipe; the water supply equipment is respectively connected to the output ends of the two helium compressors (15), the output end of the nitrogen compressor (1) and the output end of the chiller (3) through the circulating water return pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid hydrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box (6) is connected to the input end of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (17) through a liquid hydrogen pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the liquid nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank (16) is respectively connected to the input end of the cold trap (11) and the input end of the cold box (6) through a liquid nitrogen pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the nitrogen passage is as follows: the output end of the cold box (6) is connected to the input end of the nitrogen compressor (1) through a low-pressure nitrogen pipe; the output end of the nitrogen compressor (1) is connected to the input end of the nitrogen buffer tank (10) through a high-pressure nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the nitrogen buffer tank (10) is connected to a peripheral nitrogen storage tank; The connection relationship corresponding to the factory nitrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral factory gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet (9) through the factory nitrogen pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet (9) is connected to the input end of the oil removal system (14) and the input end of the cold box (6) through the factory nitrogen pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the instrument gas passage is as follows: the peripheral plant gas source is connected to the input end of the gas distribution cabinet (9) through the instrument gas pipe, and the output end of the gas distribution cabinet (9) is connected to the input end of the cold box (6) and the input end of the helium regulation system (13) through the instrument gas pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the hydrogen passage is as follows: the peripheral hydrogen source is connected to the input end of the cold box (6) through a hydrogen pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the chilled water passage is as follows: the output end of the chiller (3) is connected to the input end of the vacuum unit (5) and the input end of the cold box (6) respectively through a chilled water outlet pipe; the input end of the chiller (3) is connected to the output end of the vacuum unit (5) and the output end of the cold box (6) respectively through a chilled water return pipe; The connection relationship corresponding to the helium passage is as follows: the high-pressure helium at the output end of the helium compressor (15) is connected to the input end of the oil removal system (14), the output end of the oil removal system (14) is connected to the high-pressure helium input end of the helium regulation system (13), the high-pressure helium output end of the helium regulation system (13) is connected to the high-pressure helium input ends of the cold box (6) and the cold trap (11), the low-pressure helium output ends of the cold box (6) and the cold trap (11) are connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium regulation system (13), the low-pressure helium output end of the helium regulation system (13) is connected to the low-pressure helium input end of the helium compressor (15), the helium regulation system (13) is connected to the helium buffer tank, and the cold box (6) is connected to the bearing gas buffer tank (8).

3. An open-air hydrogen liquefaction system layout as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A vent pipe and a lightning protection belt of the hydrogen liquefaction system are arranged on the top of the canopy.

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