Device for use in vehicles for detecting activation within a detection range

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (10) for a vehicle (1) for detecting an activation behavior within a detection range (51), in particular for installation on a vehicle part (5) in order to activate a function of the vehicle (1) based on the detection, comprising: a multilayer circuit board (20); at least one electrically conductive sensor component (31) for measuring capacitance within the detection range (51), wherein the sensor component (31) is arranged on the circuit board (20); and at least two shielding elements (40) for shielding (41) the measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for a vehicle for detecting an activation in a detection range of the type specified in detail in the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a door handle having such a device and a method for detecting an activation in a vehicle in a detection range. Background Art

[0002] Know from the prior art, can utilize the activation behavior of the user to activate vehicle function in the vehicle.Such activation behavior can be for example the hand approaches the door handle, so that the unlocking and / or locking of the vehicle is performed.

[0003] To detect the activation, proximity sensors, such as capacitive sensors, are usually integrated into the door handles.

[0004] In this case, however, the problem is that interfering influences can impair the sensitivity and detection reliability. Interfering influences can be caused, for example, by other electronic and / or electrical components of the door handle and / or electromagnetic fields. In order to shield these influences from the sensor, shielding elements are also used as a known solution. They can also be integrated into the door handle as conductive surfaces and have a defined potential. However, this shielding is not sufficient in some cases to achieve reliable detection of activation events. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, the object of the present invention is to further increase the sensor sensitivity and / or the detection reliability, to further improve the reduction of interfering influences and / or to provide shielding by means of the shield more reliably and / or in an improved manner.

[0006] The aforementioned object is achieved by the claims, in particular a device having the features of an independent device claim, a door handle having the features of the corresponding other device claims, and a method having the features of an independent method claim. Further features and details of the invention are derived from the respective dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Features and details described in relation to the device according to the invention are of course also applicable in relation to the door handle according to the invention and the method according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosures of these aspects of the invention are always referred to or can be referred to one another.

[0007] In order to achieve the aforementioned object, a device for a vehicle may be provided for detecting an activation behavior within a detection range.

[0008] The device according to the invention can be suitable for installation on a vehicle part of the vehicle, preferably in order to be able to generate a detection range in the region of the vehicle part. The vehicle part is, for example, a door handle according to the invention, in which the device is accommodated, or also a door or a hood or a bumper or a door sill of the vehicle. The detection of the (first) activation behavior can also be used to activate a (first) function of the vehicle in dependence on the detection. It can also be provided that at least one second activation behavior is detected in order to activate at least one (second or further) function of the vehicle, wherein the functions then differ from one another.

[0009] The (first and / or at least second) activatable vehicle function is, for example, at least one of the following functions:

[0010] - The vehicle is locked,

[0011] - Vehicle unlocking,

[0012] - starting an opening and / or closing movement of a movable part of the vehicle, in particular a hood, a tailgate or a side cover (such as a side door or a trunk lid) of the vehicle, wherein the movement is preferably performed in a motor-driven manner,

[0013] -activate vehicle lighting,

[0014] - Start authentication at the vehicle.

[0015] The first function and at least the second function can also be different functions from the above functions. For example, it is possible that the detection of the first activation behavior triggers the activation of another vehicle function than the detection of the second activation behavior. For example, locking can be triggered when approaching the first outer side of the door handle is detected, while unlocking can be triggered when approaching the second outer side of the door handle is detected. The second outer side can then face the door handle recess, while the first outer side faces away from the door handle recess (or vice versa). This allows the vehicle user to use the function comfortably and easily.

[0016] In order to provide the detection in a compact and space-saving manner with the aid of the device according to the invention, the device can have a multilayer circuit board on which at least one, in particular conductive, sensor component is provided for capacitance measurement within the detection range. The sensor component can be suitable for capacitance measurement in such a way that (in the case of a corresponding electrical drive) an electric field can be provided and / or an environment-dependent variable capacitance can be provided relative to the vehicle environment and / or in cooperation with the vehicle electrical ground or a pairing electrode. The electrical drive of the sensor component can be carried out with the aid of a processing device (such as a microcontroller, an integrated circuit, etc.) of the device according to the invention, for example by repeated charge transfer.

[0017] The at least one sensor component can also be constructed in the following manner, that is, at least two sensor components are provided, which are then respectively designed for capacitance measurement within the corresponding detection range. Therefore, in addition to the first sensor component, a second sensor component or other sensor components can also be provided. The sensor components can be designed as sensor electrodes, for example. Here, these sensor components can be designed for capacitance measurement within different detection ranges, and these detection ranges can also be of different sizes. For example, the first sensor component can perform detection on the first outer side of the door handle within the first detection range, and the second sensor component can perform detection on the second outer side of the door handle within the second detection range. Accordingly, these different sensor components can also be designed to detect different activation behaviors to activate different functions among these functions.

[0018] In order to improve the detection, at least two shielding elements can be provided for shielding against the detection. In this case, it is particularly provided that the shielding elements are arranged on several different layers of the circuit board. In this case, one of the shielding elements can be arranged on a first layer (of different layers of the circuit board) and / or the shielding element (spatially) surrounds the sensor component on the first layer in order to provide shielding preferably in different directions.

[0019] The multilayer design of the circuit board has the further advantage that the shield can be arranged on multiple layers, thus allowing a three-dimensional arrangement of the shield. This allows the shield to be adapted very flexibly to the detection range and the structure of the sensor component. The specific three-dimensional design of the shield on the circuit board also allows the shield to be adjusted in such a way that different directions in which the shield is directed are determined. The shield can thus also be produced in three dimensions by the shield and is particularly advantageously pot-shaped. The shield can thus restrict the capacitance measurement to the detection range in a very reliable manner.

[0020] In addition, the shield may be arranged on the circuit board in such a way that the shielding is matched and in particular identical to the detection range of the sensor component in terms of geometry. For example, the geometry of the shielding is at least partially identical to the geometry of the detection range and / or at least partially corresponds thereto.

[0021] The shielding can be provided by a shielding element for the first sensor component, but optionally also for at least one other sensor component of the device according to the invention. When the detection ranges of the sensor components are different, the associated shielding for the different sensor components is also correspondingly different. For each of the different shieldings, a corresponding shielding element can be provided on the circuit board. It can also be provided that at least one of the shielding elements is used to generate a shield for more than one of the sensor components.

[0022] For easier matching, the shielding element on the first layer is also referred to as the first shielding element below, wherein a second shielding element on the second layer and / or a third shielding element on the third layer and / or a fourth shielding element on the fourth layer may also be provided.

[0023] These shielding elements can be connected conductively across the layers, thus forming a single shielding device. The respective shielding elements are provided in particular in the form of conductive surfaces and / or conductor tracks, and the electrical connections of the shielding elements are provided in particular in the form of vias.

[0024] It can be provided that the sensor component and / or the shielding and / or the (electrical) grounding on the circuit board is formed by conductor tracks and / or conductor surfaces. These elements can have a thickness in the range of 0.1-0.9 mm, for example.

[0025] In addition, multilayer circuit boards (so-called multilayer circuit boards) can have the advantage that the packing density is increased and / or the generation of electric and / or magnetic fields can be improved. In particular, when more than one detection range is provided for different sides of the device and / or near field communication is also provided by the device, the orientation of the field can be simplified by using multiple layers for sensor devices and / or shielding and / or communication. These layers of the circuit board can also be referred to as layers. The multilayer circuit board can have at least or exactly 4 layers, which are fixedly connected to each other.

[0026] The device of the present invention can be designed as a sensor device and / or a communication device. It is therefore possible that the device and in particular the circuit board have a plurality of electronic components, which are not only used for measurements within at least one detection range, but also for communication and in particular near-field communication. Thus, a compact and individually usable module can be provided by the device, which can comfortably provide a door handle with a plurality of functions. The communication can specifically involve radio communication or wireless communication, so that corresponding communication fields (electric and / or magnetic fields) occur here. Therefore, the different fields used for sensor measurement and communication may also interfere with each other, so that reliable shielding is then required.

[0027] The device of the present invention can be designed to provide at least one of the following functions:

[0028] - detecting at least one activation action, such as a user approach and / or touch and / or gesture and / or touch operation,

[0029] - communication, preferably radio communication, such as near field communication, preferably for authentication, in particular with a mobile device such as an ID transmitter and / or a smartphone, etc.,

[0030] - activating a vehicle function, in particular a safety-related vehicle function such as unlocking and / or locking, or causing a movement of a movable part of the vehicle, such as a hood, as a function of the detection.

[0031] Then, for example, when the detection result is positive, i.e., the approach and / or touch and / or operation and / or gesture is detected, the vehicle function can be activated, for example, by an electrical signal output of the device. The mobile device can be designed to be separated from the vehicle and, for example, suitable for being carried by a person (e.g., in a pocket).

[0032] In addition, the device of the present invention can be designed as a separately usable module, which can be installed on a vehicle and / or a vehicle part as a single component. For this purpose, the device can have a positioning mechanism such as a notch or a geometric shape adaptation structure, which allows unambiguous installation on the vehicle. The positioning mechanism can be designed as a fastening mechanism such as a locking member or a clip or an adhesive at the same time or alternatively. The device can be installed on a vehicle part such as a door and / or a door handle and / or a tailgate and / or a front cover. For installation, for example, it can be fixed by means of a fastening mechanism and positioned by means of a positioning mechanism.

[0033] The device according to the invention can advantageously be integrated in a vehicle door handle, preferably an exterior door handle of a vehicle.

[0034] Thus, the device can be designed to perform detection and / or communication in the area of ​​the door handle. The device can be installed in the door handle for integration, so that it can be installed on the vehicle, in particular on the vehicle door, via the door handle in this way.

[0035] It is also advantageous if the vehicle is designed as a motor vehicle, preferably a passenger car, in particular a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, which preferably has a high-voltage on-board power supply and / or an electric motor and / or an internal combustion engine. It is also possible that the vehicle is designed as a fuel cell vehicle and / or a semi-automatic vehicle or an automatic vehicle.

[0036] Advantageously, the vehicle has a security system, which, for example, implements authentication by communicating with a mobile device such as an identification transmitter (ID transmitter, electronic key) or a smartphone. Based on the communication and / or authentication, at least one vehicle function (described) can be activated. If authentication of the mobile device is required for this, the function can be a safety-related function such as vehicle unlocking or engine start permission. Therefore, the security system can also be designed as a passive access control system, which starts the authentication and / or function activation when the mobile device is detected approaching the vehicle without active manual operation of the mobile device. For this purpose, for example, a wake-up signal is repeatedly sent by the security system, which can be received by the mobile device at the approach and then triggers the authentication. The approach can also be identified in such a way that the activation behavior is detected by the device of the present invention. The function can also involve activating the vehicle lighting device and / or operating (opening and / or closing) a cover (such as a front cover / front door or a trunk lid / tailgate or a side cover / side door). For example, the vehicle lighting device is automatically activated when the approach is detected and / or the cover is operated when a user gesture is detected.

[0037] It is possible that the sensor component is arranged on the circuit board as a first sensor component for capacitive measurement within a detection range, for example, a first detection range. It can also be provided that a second sensor component for capacitive measurement within a second detection range is arranged on the circuit board, wherein the second detection range is different from the first detection range. The respective sensor components can be designed as capacitive sensors, so that the measurement is based on the change of the capacitance provided by the sensor component. The individual sensor components can be understood as electrodes at this time, which form a variable capacitance relative to the vehicle surroundings. For this purpose, it is not necessary to set up independent paired electrodes. For example, the ground potential of the vehicle can also be regarded as a paired electrode to form an imaginary capacitor with a variable capacitance. The first activation behavior within the first detection range then causes a capacitance change of the capacitance provided by the first sensor component. The second activation behavior within the second detection range correspondingly causes a capacitance change of the capacitance provided by the second sensor component.

[0038] The second sensor component can be designed at least partially to have the same coverage relative to the first sensor component. In addition, the second sensor component and the first sensor component can be arranged on different layers of the circuit board (relatively offset). In addition to this arrangement on different layers (axially offset), these sensor components are also relatively offset (in the lateral direction) in their respective layers. Therefore, the offset position means that the positions of the sensor components in the plane of the respective layer are different from each other, so that these sensor components do not overlap. As a result, although these sensor components themselves are constructed with the same coverage, they do not overlap with the same coverage. In this way, the influence of the first activation behavior on the measurement of the second sensor component (and / or vice versa) can be at least alleviated.

[0039] Each sensor component can have a partial structure, such as a line, which is repeated at a fixed spacing or a minimum fixed spacing, and they are arranged relative to each other at a fixed spacing or a minimum fixed spacing. The sensor components are positioned offset from each other (in the lateral direction) according to an offset that is at most equal to the spacing or minimum spacing of the partial structure (such as the line). Therefore, these sensor components also overlap (in the axial direction), but are offset from each other (in the lateral direction) within this spacing or minimum spacing. As a result, the partial structure, especially the line, of the second sensor component is located between the partial structure, especially the line of the first sensor component (viewed in the axial direction). In particular, in the case of a linear structure of the sensor component, that is, a line as a partial structure, it may be meaningful to select essentially half the spacing or half the minimum spacing as the offset for this. Therefore, the partial structure, especially the line of the second sensor component is located centrally between the partial structure, especially the line of the first sensor component (viewed in the axial direction). In an imaginary top view of the sensor components, one of the sensor components will at least partially cover the other sensor component in the case of a non-offset arrangement. However, this covering is (at least partially) cancelled by a predetermined offset arrangement. For example, each sensor component has the same linear structure, where the lines do not overlap due to the offset arrangement.

[0040] Furthermore, the second sensor component can have a longer extension than the first sensor component, thereby providing the measurement within a larger second detection range. In the case of a linear structure of the sensor components, the second sensor component therefore has more lines than the first sensor component. The length of the second sensor component can also be at least twice that of the first sensor component. These sensor components can be arranged overlappingly on different layers of the circuit board. By staggering the sensor components, mutual interference of the sensor components can be reduced. Because the second sensor component is longer than the first sensor component, only a part of the second sensor component is arranged above the first sensor component. A ground plane and / or a shielding element can be arranged in a planar form between the remaining non-overlapping part or protruding part of the second sensor component and the layer of the circuit board with the first sensor component.

[0041] As a result, an approach in an area adjacent to the first detection range also does not influence the measurement in the second detection range or influences it only slightly, and / or interference protection of the electronic components is achieved.

[0042] It is optionally possible that the shielding elements are arranged in a dispersed manner on the layers in such a way that the shielding (generated by the shielding elements) delimits the detection range in three mutually orthogonal directions and / or at least mainly, in particular completely, surrounds the detection range in one plane, so that in particular the shielding is designed in a can shape. It can be provided that the shielding is formed by the shielding element in a three-dimensional form. This means that the shielding effect or the electric field generated by the shielding element forms a three-dimensional geometric shape around the sensor component. The can shape specifically provided for this purpose can mean that the shielding surrounds the sensor component in at least one first plane and extends in another plane parallel to at least one first plane (on one side and in a plane form relative to the sensor component). In other words, the sensor component is accommodated in the can formed by the shielding. Geometrically, the shielding part in the at least one first plane thus forms the can wall, and the shielding part in the other plane forms the can bottom. However, in this case, the geometry of the shielding elements themselves does not form a can. In terms of geometry, the can can be formed by means of the field generated by the shielding element, i.e. the shielding. Such a shielding can also be provided here for the second sensor component, ie for the shielding of the second detection range, and can be produced by the above and / or other shielding elements.

[0043] It is also advantageous if the shield on the first layer at least substantially, in particular completely, surrounds the sensor component. The (first) sensor component can be designed on the first layer with a structured shape, in particular a linear structure. The surrounding shield can have a substantially rectangular shape and thus surround the sensor component with a rectangular outline. The shield can correspond in shape and positioning to a partial area of ​​a ground plane that can be arranged on the second layer. For this purpose, the partial area of ​​the ground plane can be formed identically on the second layer and (therefore in the lateral direction with respect to the position in the plane of the layer) can be arranged identically relative to the shield on the first layer.

[0044] It is also possible that the sensor component is only primarily, that is, partially, surrounded by the shield (in particular on the first layer). For this purpose, the shield has a gap in order to avoid short-circuit currents that are primarily caused by interactions with the communication device during communication operations, in particular NFC communication operations. The gap can be designed to be electrically insulating in order to avoid such interference during communication.

[0045] It can further be advantageously provided that one of the shielding elements on the second layer is constructed to cover the same (at least partially or completely) sensor components on the first layer, and in particular also covers the same and / or is arranged in the same position (with respect to lateral positioning, i.e. in the plane of the layer). In other words, in a top view, the sensor component on the first layer and the shielding element on the second layer can overlap (at least partially or mainly or completely). The shielding element on the second layer can also be arranged in the same position as the sensor component on the first layer, i.e. not offset, so that in particular in a top view, the shielding element completely covers the sensor component. Accordingly, the shielding element on the second layer can also be designed to have the same geometric design structure as the sensor component, in particular a partial structure and preferably a linear structure. The shielding element then produces a shielding that reduces the interference effects of the electrical grounding on the second layer.

[0046] In particular, a linear structure may be a geometric structure in which a plurality of branches (lines) are arranged parallel to one another. The branches may be connected to one another (only) via a common conductor track. The branches may branch off perpendicularly from the conductor track, perhaps also in different directions. The lines may be arranged side by side with a defined spacing or a minimum spacing as a partial structure.

[0047] In another embodiment, it can be provided that the electrical ground extends in a planar manner on the second layer adjacent to the shield on the second layer, in particular parallel to and / or opposite the region for arranging the electronic components on the first layer and / or parallel to and / or opposite one of the shields on the third layer. Alternatively or additionally, the ground can extend as a conductor surface (in a planar manner) through the second layer but have a recess in the region opposite the sensor component on the first layer.

[0048] A (second) shielding element, for example, on the second layer can be arranged in the recess. Conversely, the grounding region can be formed to be continuous opposite the region for arranging the electronic components.

[0049] It is also conceivable that one of the shielding elements on the third layer extends in a planar manner and in particular on one side of the sensor component on the first layer in order to provide shielding on one side. In this case, the shielding element can extend without gaps (i.e. continuously) in a substantially rectangular manner relative to the sensor component and possibly also relative to the area for the arrangement of electronic components. In addition, a second sensor component can also be arranged on the fourth layer, so that the shielding element on the third layer can also be used for shielding the second sensor component. In particular, a shielding element can be arranged on the first layer and / or the second layer, which also provides shielding, in particular, for the first sensor component.

[0050] It is also conceivable that the shielding elements on different layers are connected to one another via via contacts, so that the potentials are set to be equal. The via contacts usually provide a reliable way to electrically connect the conductor tracks or conductor surfaces on different layers to one another. This allows a three-dimensional arrangement of the shielding elements, but the shielding elements on each layer do not necessarily have to be driven individually. For example, the shielding elements connected to one another can be driven by being connected to a processing component and / or a processing device only on one of the layers.

[0051] According to another possible solution, it can be provided that the shielding elements on different layers are designed to be electrically isolated from each other (isolated) so as to have different potentials. It is thus possible that one of the shielding elements is operated for active shielding and another of the shielding elements is operated for passive shielding. In contrast to active shielding, in passive shielding, a fixed potential or ground potential is present at the shielding element.

[0052] It can further be advantageously provided that the (electronic) processing device is electrically connected to the shielding element so as to operate the (or at least one of the) shielding elements to provide active shielding, wherein the potential of the shielding element is adjusted according to the potential of the sensor component. In other words, the potential of the shielding element depends on the potential of the sensor component. The processing device can therefore be designed to actively adjust the potential of the shielding element. The potential of the shielding element can here for example be adjusted according to the potential of the sensor component. It may also be feasible that only one or several of the shielding elements are operated to provide active shielding, and the other shielding elements have, for example, a fixed potential (such as ground potential). In particular, the shielding element on the third layer can be operated to provide active shielding (and the other shielding elements can only optionally do so).

[0053] Optionally, the processing device can be arranged in a region of the circuit board, in particular on the first layer, which extends relative to an electrical ground plane, in particular on the second layer. It is therefore provided that the processing device is shielded from at least one detection range by the ground plane in order to further improve the detection and / or to provide interference protection for the processing device.

[0054] It is preferably possible that an (electronic) processing device is arranged on a circuit board, which is electrically connected to the sensor component for charge transfer, so as to analyze the variable capacitance in particular based on the charge transfer and thereby control the capacitance measurement. In other words, the capacitance measurement and / or detection can be performed in such a way that the variable capacitance is determined by the processing device. The variable capacitance is provided in particular by the sensor component and is specific to the changes in the detection range. Therefore, the capacitance measurement can be used to detect the activation behavior. It is also possible that the processing device is connected to at least another (second) sensor component of the device according to the present invention, so as to also perform and analyze the charge transfer for the capacitance measurement here. The processing device can also drive the shield, for example also by charge transfer.

[0055] It may be advantageous within the scope of the invention that the processing device is designed to detect the activation behavior in such a way that the approach and / or gesture of the user is detected based on a capacitance analysis. For this purpose, the determined capacitance can be compared, for example, with at least one threshold value and the time curve of the capacitance can also be analyzed.

[0056] For example, it can be provided that the sensor component is formed on a first layer adjacent to the detection range, wherein the first layer is in particular arranged as an outer layer of the circuit board. In this way, the sensor component can be used to provide a variable capacitance in the following manner: the capacitance is related to an activation behavior within the detection range. The activation behavior is, for example, the approach of a user's body part or the like. The approach may result in a change in the electric field between the sensor component and the vehicle body. Accordingly, the change in capacitance can be measured in a manner triggered by the activation behavior, because the amount of charge transmitted during the charge transfer changes as a result. The processing device, for example, performs multiple charge transfers, adds the amount of charge transmitted at this time (e.g., by an integrator) and compares the charge accumulated in this way with a reference value. When the accumulated charge exceeds the reference value, this can be interpreted as the detection of an activation behavior. At this time, it is advantageous that the reference value is always adjusted again in continuous operation by repeatedly performing reference measurements. This can prevent influences such as rain and snow from causing erroneous detections.

[0057] Furthermore, it can be provided in the device according to the invention that the shielding elements are arranged in such a way that influences on the capacitance measurement outside the detection range are attenuated by the shielding. For this purpose, the shielding elements can be arranged, for example, on at least two different layers of the circuit board, thus providing shielding for the sensor element in the lateral and axial directions. The shielding elements on the first layer can surround the sensor element, and the shielding elements on the second and / or third layer can extend over the same and / or under the sensor element. In this way, a "can-shaped" shielding for different directions (lateral and axial) can be generated by the shielding elements.

[0058] Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the communication means are arranged on several layers of the circuit board and preferably extend over at least two layers or at least four layers or all layers and / or (in the lateral direction) extend spaced apart from the sensor components and / or the shielding element to provide near field communication with the mobile device. Near field communication can be provided here by means of a mobile device outside the vehicle. In this case, the vehicle part can be designed as an outer door handle. Thus, the mobile device is designed, for example, as a smartphone, which then only needs to be held to the device or the outer door handle for verification to achieve near field communication. Alternatively, the door handle can also be designed as an inner door handle, so that near field communication is performed in the interior of the vehicle.

[0059] The communication mechanism is preferably suitable for providing or performing near field communication such as NFC (near field communication) or RFID (radio frequency identification). The communication mechanism is designed, for example, as an antenna, in particular an NFC antenna, which can be at least partially arranged on several or all layers of the circuit board. The communication mechanism parts on different layers can be electrically connected to each other by means of via contacts at this time, so as to provide a loop (such as an NFC loop) on multiple layers as a whole. Therefore, the communication mechanism allows the device of the present invention to provide a communication function in addition to the sensor function. The communication mechanism can be designed as a printed conductor, and in particular (in the lateral direction) maintain a constant distance from the electrical ground plane of the circuit board and / or the sensor component and / or the shielding member. Here, the communication mechanism can extend at the outer edge of the circuit board or layer.

[0060] It can be provided that the communication mechanism is used to perform verification by means of near field communication, in particular in a manner triggered by the (successful) detection of the activation behavior. For example, in this case, the processing device and / or the vehicle controller recognizes that the detection is successful and triggers the verification by the communication mechanism. As a result, vehicle functions, in particular the unlocking and / or locking of the vehicle, can be activated based on the verification. For example, the user carries a mobile device when performing the activation behavior. Through the activation behavior, the user clearly indicates that he wants to activate the vehicle function. However, the function can be a safety-related function that requires the user to verify with the help of a mobile device. The detection of the activation behavior of the device of the present invention can trigger a verification process for this reason, which is then also provided by the device with the help of communication, in particular near field communication. The processing device and / or the vehicle controller can then also recognize that the verification is successful and only activate the vehicle function in this case. For communication, the processing components of the device, such as NFC circuits, can be controlled by the processing device and / or the vehicle controller.

[0061] It can be provided that in the device according to the invention a processing component and / or a processing device are provided, which are used individually or together for the analysis of the measurement results and / or for the detection of activation behaviors and / or for the reception and / or transmission in communication, in particular near field communication. Here, the processing component and the processing device can be designed as a separate microcontroller or integrated circuit (IC). For example, the processing device is dedicated to the detection, while the processing component is dedicated to the near field communication. It is also feasible that the processing component and the processing device are constructed as an integrated IC.

[0062] It is also possible that the processing component is part of a processing device, such as a microcontroller or an IC. The processing component and / or the processing device can have an interface to other vehicle electronics, in particular a controller. For example, a signal can be output to the vehicle electronics via the processing device, which indicates that the detection has successfully occurred. The receipt of the signal can in turn trigger a verification, which is then initiated by the vehicle electronics via another interface to the processing component.

[0063] The subject of the invention is also a door handle for a vehicle. The door handle can be designed as an outer door handle or inner door handle, for example, in the side, rear or front part of a vehicle. It is provided that the door handle has the device according to the invention as a vehicle part. The door handle according to the invention thus brings the same advantages as those explicitly described with respect to the device according to the invention.

[0064] The subject matter of the present invention is also a method for detecting an activation action in a vehicle within a detection range, in particular by means of a device according to the present invention, in order to activate a vehicle function as a function of the detection.

[0065] The following steps can preferably be performed successively or in any order, and individual steps or all of the steps can also be performed repeatedly:

[0066] - performing a capacitance measurement within the detection range by means of (at least) one electrically conductive sensor element on a multilayer printed circuit board,

[0067] The measuring shielding is produced by at least two or three shielding elements on the circuit board.

[0068] In this case, it is provided that the shielding elements are arranged on different layers of the circuit board, wherein one of the shielding elements on the first layer (in terms of geometry) surrounds the sensor component, thereby providing the shielding in different directions. The method according to the invention thus brings the same advantages as those explicitly described with respect to the device according to the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Further advantages, features and details of the invention are derived from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination, wherein:

[0070] Figure 1 A schematic side view of a vehicle having the device of the present invention is shown,

[0071] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A schematic side cross-sectional view of a vehicle door handle having a device of the present invention, which corresponds to a three-dimensional top view of the vehicle,

[0072] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 An enlarged side view of the device of the present invention,

[0073] Figure 4-7 Shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the different layers of the device of the present invention,

[0074] Figure 8A circuit diagram showing various parts of the device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same technical features even in different embodiments.

[0076] Figure 1 A vehicle 1 is shown with a door handle 5 according to the invention. The door handle 5 can in this case form the vehicle part 5 with the device 10 according to the invention.

[0077] The door handle 5 is fixed to the door 2 of the vehicle 1 to open the door 2 by a manual opening process. To this end, the user can put his hand into the door 2 as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The user inserts the hand into the door handle recess 7 shown in the figure and pulls the door handle 5. The opening process requires unlocking the lock of the door 2. For this purpose, inserting the hand into the door handle recess 7 can be detected as an activation behavior so as to activate the verification and activate the unlocking as a function of the vehicle 1 in the case of successful verification. When the approach is detected within the detection range 51 as an activation behavior, the locking can be activated as another function of the vehicle 1. Here, it is obviously only an example of a function and an activation behavior. In the case of a hidden door handle 5, the function of the vehicle 1 can, for example, even be an opening process that is performed automatically. It is also conceivable that the device 10 of the present invention is arranged in the rear or front part, so that the function is the opening process of the hood 6 of the vehicle 1.

[0078] Figure 1 1 shows a side view of a vehicle 1, wherein mutually orthogonal directions x and y are indicated. Figure 2 In FIG. 1 , a three-dimensional top view of the vehicle 1 is used according to the mutually orthogonal directions x and z described. Figure 2 (and also Figure 3 ) corresponds to a stereoscopic side view of the door handle 5 or the device 10 according to the invention and the layers 21, 22, 23, 24. Figure 4-7 A cross-sectional view of the device 10 is shown in FIG. 1 , which is derived from a three-dimensional top view of the device 10 and thus corresponds to Figure 1 1 . The geometric relationships discussed within the scope of the present invention, such as the ground plane 45 covering the identically designed and positioned shielding and sensor components 40, 31 and the various layers 21, 22, 23, 24, can be described here with respect to an imaginary top view of the device 10 of the present invention. The top view can be defined as a viewing direction toward the axial direction z, which is orthogonal to the longest extension of the layers 21, 22, 23, 24 or to the lateral directions x and y.

[0079] like Figure 2As shown, the door handle 5 has a device 10 according to the invention for detecting activation actions within a detection range 51 and is in particular mounted on the door 2 via the door handle 5. By means of the device 10, functions of the vehicle 1 can be activated as a function of the detection.

[0080] The device 10 may have Figure 3 1 and 2. A multilayer circuit board 20 is shown in further detail in FIG. 1, on which at least one electrically conductive sensor component 31 is arranged for capacitance measurement within a detection range 51 on a first layer 21 of the circuit board 20. The detection range 51 can be designed as a first detection range 51, which extends outside the vehicle 1 in the region of a first outer side of the door handle 5. The second detection range 52 can also extend in the region of the door handle recess 7 or in the region of a second outer side of the door handle 5. The second outer side can then face the door handle recess 7 and the first outer side can face away from the door handle recess 7 (see FIG. 1). Figure 2 ). Therefore, it is possible to arrange the sensor component 31 on the circuit board 20 as the first sensor component 31 for capacitance measurement within the detection range 51, for example, the first detection range 51. In addition, the second sensor component 32 of the device 10 can also be arranged on the fourth layer 24, which also performs capacitance measurement within the second detection range 52. This allows different activation behaviors to be detected. The respective sensor components 31, 32 can be designed as capacitive sensors, so that the detection is based on the change of the capacitance provided by the respective sensor components 31, 32. These sensor components 31, 32 can be understood as electrodes in this case, which form a variable capacitance relative to the surrounding environment of the vehicle 1. For this purpose, the ground potential of the vehicle 1 can be regarded as a paired electrode to form an imaginary capacitor with a variable capacitance. The first activation behavior within the first detection range 51 then causes a capacitance change of the capacitance provided by the first sensor component 31. The second activation behavior within the second detection range 52 correspondingly causes a capacitance change of the capacitance provided by the second sensor component 32.

[0081] To improve detection, Figure 3 As shown, at least two shields 40 can be used for the shielding 41 measurement. In this case, these shields 40 are arranged on different layers 21, 22, 23, 24 of the circuit board 20, wherein one of the shields 40 on the first layer 21 surrounds the (first) sensor component 31 in order to provide shielding 41 in different directions x, y, z. Figure 3 The "pot shape" of the shield 41 is shown, which can be produced by the shown arrangement of the shield 40. The shield 40 can be arranged dispersedly on these layers 21, 22, 23, 24, so that the shield 41 delimits the detection range 51 in three mutually orthogonal directions x, y, z and in one (e.g. Figure 4The detection range 51 is substantially or completely surrounded by a plane xy (shown).

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the shield 40 on the first layer 21 may substantially, and perhaps even completely (not shown), surround the sensor component 31. Figure 4 4 shows in detail that the sensor element 31 is only substantially, i.e. partially, surrounded by the shielding element 40. For this purpose, the shielding element 40 has a notch 42 in order to avoid short-circuit currents, in particular due to interaction with the communication device 61 during communication operation, in particular NFC communication operation. The notch 42 can be designed to be electrically insulating, in order to avoid such interference during communication in particular. This ensures that the electric field generated by the sensor element 31 is reliably aligned with the detection range 51. In order to further improve the measurement within the detection range 51, according to Figure 5 , one of the shielding elements 40 on the second layer 22 can be designed to have the same coverage as the sensor component 31 on the first layer 21. The shielding element 40 on the second layer 22 can accordingly be arranged at least partially in a manner to have the same coverage and position as the sensor component 31 on the first layer. "Positionally equivalent" in this case obviously only relates to the directions x and y. Thus, Figure 5 In the imaginary top view of layer 22 and the layer 21 located therebeneath, the sensor component 31 behind the shield 40 on the second layer 22 can no longer be seen in the partially transparent layers 21 , 22 , at least with respect to the portion which is covered by the shield 40 .

[0083] In addition, according to Figure 5 , the electrical grounding 45 can extend in a plane on the second layer 22 adjacent to the shielding 40 on the second layer 22, in particular parallel to the area 28 for arranging electronic components on the first layer 21 and / or parallel to one of the shieldings 40 on the third layer 23. The grounding surface 45 can have a notch for the sensor component 31 on the first layer or the corresponding shielding 40 on the second layer 22. In addition, the grounding 45 can be used to prevent interference of the electronic components in the area 28 of the first layer 21. In addition, the grounding 45 area can be formed around the notch to cover the same and / or positionally identically with respect to the shielding 40 on the first layer 21.

[0084] Figure 6 One of the shielding elements 40 on the third layer 23 is shown extending in a planar manner and on one side relative to the sensor component 31 on the first layer 21 in order to provide a shielding 41 on one side. In addition, the shielding element 40 shown also continues to extend in the direction x in order to provide a shielding 41 for the sensor component 31 on the first layer 21. Figure 7 The shield 40 and the second sensor component 32 therefore have a longer extension than the first sensor component 31 .

[0085] Figure 7 The sensor components 31 of the first layer 21 are shown with dashed lines to indicate the position of the sensor components 31 below the fourth layer 24. In order to at least reduce the influence of the first activation behavior on the measurement of the second sensor components 32, it can be provided that these sensor components 31, 32 are Figure 7 As shown, although they are constructed at least partially in the same way and overlap each other, they are positioned offset from each other. In other words, in addition to being offset on different layers 21, 24 (along the axial direction z) of the circuit board 20, it is also provided that the sensor components 31, 32 are positioned offset from each other (in the direction x) within their respective layers 21, 24. Therefore, although the second sensor component 32 is constructed at least partially in the same way and overlaps the first sensor component 31, it is not arranged in the same way (or in the same position). In an imaginary top view of the sensor components 31, 32 along the axial direction z, the first sensor component 31 at least partially overlaps the second sensor component 32 when the positioning is not offset. However, the coverage is canceled (at least partially) by the predetermined offset positioning. Offset positioning can also mean that the sensor components 31, 32 are positioned offset from each other in the lateral direction x in the same overlapping areas 35. As in Figure 7 As shown by the dashed line in the figure, the first sensor part 31 is arranged offset by an offset B relative to the second sensor part 32 and therefore does not overlap with it. Specifically, in the figure, the sensor parts 31, 32 each have the same linear structure, where the lines do not overlap due to the offset positioning. Here, these lines are arranged at a distance A from each other as part of the structure 36 of the sensor parts 31, 32. The offset B is approximately equal to or exactly equal to half of the distance A.

[0086] In the example shown, it is provided that the shielding elements 40 on different layers 21, 22, 23, 24 are connected to each other via via contacts 25, so that the potentials are set identically. Alternatively, these shielding elements 40 on different layers 21, 22, 23, 24 can also be designed to be electrically isolated from each other so as to have different potentials. A mixed form consisting of separate and connected shielding elements 40 is also conceivable. The connection by means of via contacts 25 therefore has the advantage that only a single electrical connection of the shielding element 40 to the processing device 29 is required to operate the shielding element 40 to provide active shielding 41, wherein the potential of the shielding element 40 is set depending on the potential of the sensor components 31 and / or 32. For near-field communication, the processing device 29 and / or the processing component 65 can be arranged in the area 28, in particular on the first layer 21 (according to Figure 4 ). This region can extend opposite to a ground plane 45 , in particular on the second layer 22 .

[0087] Still Figure 4-7, it is shown that the communication mechanism 61 can be arranged on these layers 21, 22, 23, 24 of the circuit board 20 and preferably extends through all layers 21, 22, 23, 24 spaced apart from the sensor component 31 and the shielding 40. The communication mechanism 61 is not shown in its specific design on the respective layer 21, 22, 23, 24 in this case, but is only schematically shown by a dotted line. Here, the communication mechanism 61 can be formed along the dotted line, but on different layers 21, 22, 23, 24. In other words, the communication mechanism 61 can be interrupted in one of the layers 21, 22, 23, 24, but continued in the form of a printed conductor on another layer 21, 22, 23, 24 through a via contact 25 in a lateral position. The communication mechanism 61 can be designed as a near-field antenna to provide near-field communication with a mobile device outside the vehicle 1. The near-field communication can be triggered by the detection of an activation behavior to perform verification.

[0088] Figure 8 An exemplary design of a communication device 61 for near field communication, in particular an NFC antenna, is shown. Thus, the device 10 is designed here not only as a sensor device 10 but also as a communication device 10, wherein the communication device 61 can be operated as a communication interface via a processing component 65.

[0089] The communication mechanism 61 is designed in the form of a loop antenna or a frame antenna (so-called loop) and can be used to send and / or receive signals for near-field communication with a mobile device. The communication device 10 and the mobile device can be connected at the 13.56 MHz operating frequency of the communication mechanism 61. Accordingly, the communication mechanism 61 can be designed to generate a magnetic field in order to communicate with the mobile device and establish an inductive coupling with the mobile device in this way. Therefore, the NFC antenna 61 can also refer to an NFC coil. The communication mechanism 61 can advantageously be designed as a conductor loop on the circuit board 20. However, if Figure 8 The shape shown does not extend continuously on a single layer of the circuit board 20 in the manner described. Instead, the shape is interrupted at some points from the via contact 25 and continues from the indentation on another layer. If the course of the communication means 61 on all layers 21, 22, 23, 24 is brought together in one plane, then the following can be obtained: Figure 8 Direction shown.

[0090] exist Figure 8It can be clearly seen that the shape of the communication mechanism 61 shown is symmetrical in terms of geometry (about point V, the corresponding symmetry axis S can extend through this point). The geometric symmetry causes a reduction in interference effects. At the same time, the communication mechanism 61 can be operated according to electrical symmetry, and the drive and / or signal guidance can be performed symmetrically or differentially at RX+ and RX- by the processing component 65 with the help of two branches (different from operating in the following way: one of the terminals of the communication mechanism 61 is connected to the ground). Therefore, it is advantageous that corresponding electrical signals, especially non-0 volt voltages, which contain information for near field communication, can be measured at the two terminals RX+ and RX-. The voltages at the terminals RX+ and RX- can be symmetrical and therefore have equal values. The processing component 65 is designed as an NFC receiver or transceiver, for example.

[0091] In the symmetrical design shown, the virtual ground can be located exactly or substantially at the center point V of the communication mechanism 61. Figure 8 As shown, the center point V may be located at a half length position or a center position of the communication mechanism 61. Depending on the antenna design, it may be possible that in an ideal antenna, no current flows by tapping the ground at this point V. Therefore, this point V is hereinafter referred to as a virtual ground.

[0092] Interference effects in the form of interference emissions (electromagnetic emissions) can already be reduced by geometrical symmetry and electrical symmetry. However, there are still interference effects, which lead to the excitation of parasitic oscillating circuits of the communication device 61. In this case, resonances and non-resonances may occur, where the non-resonances may be reduced by the processing component 65 and / or by the filter component 70. However, there are still interfering resonances, which may adversely affect the reception during near-field communication by means of the communication device 61.

[0093] In order to further reduce the interference caused by interference emission, especially EMC emission, during the reception of near field communication, a resistance attenuation can be specified at the position of the (ideal) virtual ground V. That is, an ohmic resistor or an impedance can be used at this position as a damping resistor Rd, which connects the communication mechanism 61 to the ground potential. The damping resistor Rd can be designed as a low-resistance resistor in the range of 50-100 ohms, for example. In terms of function, the resistance attenuation by means of the damping resistor Rd can result in: even if the virtual ground position on the communication mechanism 61 changes due to interference, the interference oscillation is still damped by the resistor Rd.

[0094] Furthermore, in order to further stabilize the system, it can be provided that the communication means 61 is arranged on the circuit board 20 at least substantially parallel to the outer edge and / or at a constant distance from the electrical ground 45, in particular the ground plane 45. Figure 5 In the form of a conductor surface with ground potential. Figure 5It can also be seen in FIG. 4 that there is a constant spacing between the ground plane 45 and the communication mechanism 61. In this way, it can be ensured that the magnetic coupling of the communication mechanism 61 to the ground plane 45 is the same at any position.

[0095] In addition, a bandpass filter, preferably a second-order bandpass filter, in particular a so-called Wien filter, which achieves improved interference filtering by a very steep bandpass curve, can be used for the filter element 70. The Wien filter is a special switching RC bandpass filter, also known as a fixed frequency circuit in a Wien Robinson oscillator.

[0096] exist Figure 8 7 shows that the filter assembly 70 can be composed of at least one high-pass assembly 71 (especially a first-order RC filter) and at least one low-pass assembly 72 (especially also as a first-order RC filter). The high-pass assembly and the low-pass assembly 71, 72 can form a bandpass filter, especially a second-order RC filter, in pairs. The bandpass filter, especially the Wien filter, can be symmetrically arranged in the filter assembly 70.

[0097] Specifically, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 can be arranged in series. Optionally, another resistor R3 is provided, which forms an additional voltage divider with R1. In addition, the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 can be connected in parallel.

[0098] You can also Figure 8 As can be seen in the figure, the filter assembly 70 has a bandpass filter symmetrically for the terminals RX+ and RX-. The possible values ​​for the corresponding resistor R1 are in the range of 1-10 kilo-ohms, the possible values ​​for the corresponding resistor R3 are between 1-5 kilo-ohms, the possible values ​​for the corresponding capacitor C1 are between 1-20 pF, the possible values ​​for the corresponding resistor R2 are between 100-500 ohms, and the possible values ​​for the corresponding capacitor C2 are between 10-40 pF. Thus, at least one bandpass filter can be provided by the filter assembly 70, which results in a significant attenuation of the signals of the communication device 61 in the range of, for example, 100-160 MHz.

[0099] The above description of the embodiments describes the invention only within the scope of examples. It is obvious that the individual features of the embodiments can be combined freely with one another as long as they make technical sense without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0100] Reference numerals list

[0101] 1 Vehicle

[0102] 2 doors

[0103] 5Door handle, vehicle part

[0104] 6Trunk lid

[0105] 7Door handle groove

[0106] 10 Device, sensor device and / or communication device

[0107] 20 Circuit Boards

[0108] 21First floor

[0109] 22 Second Floor

[0110] 23Third floor

[0111] 24Fourth Floor

[0112] 25 via contact

[0113] 28 Areas for electronic components

[0114] 29 Processing device

[0115] 31 sensor component, first sensor component

[0116] 32 second sensor component

[0117] 35 covers the same area

[0118] 36Partial structure, linear structure

[0119] 40 shielding parts

[0120] 41 Shield

[0121] 42 Gap

[0122] 45 Ground

[0123] 51 detection range, first detection range

[0124] 52 Second detection range

[0125] 61 communication mechanism, antenna, NFC circuit

[0126] 65 Processing Components

[0127] 70 filter components

[0128] 71 Qualcomm components

[0129] 72 Low-pass components

[0130] x first direction, lateral

[0131] y Second direction, lateral

[0132] zThe third direction, axial

[0133] 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th floor

[0134] A spacing, minimum spacing

[0135] B offset

[0136] C Capacitor

[0137] R Resistance

[0138] Rd attenuation resistance

[0139] RX Terminal

[0140] V Virtual Ground

[0141] S symmetry axis

Claims

1. A device (10) for a vehicle (1) for detecting an activation behavior within a detection range (51), intended to be mounted on a vehicle part in order to activate a function of the vehicle (1) in dependence on said detection, comprising: - a multi-layer circuit board (20), - at least one electrically conductive sensor element (31) for measuring capacitance within the detection range (51), wherein: The sensor component (31) is placed on the circuit board (20). - at least two shielding elements (40) for shielding (41) said measurements, Its characteristics are: The shielding members (40) are arranged on different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) of the circuit board (20), wherein one of the shielding members (40) on a first layer (21) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) surrounds the sensor component (31) to provide the shielding (41) in different directions, the shielding members (40) are dispersedly arranged on the layers (21, 22, 23, 24), and the shielding (41) defines the detection range (51) in three mutually orthogonal directions (x, y, z) and at least substantially surrounds the detection range (51) in a plane; The shielding (41) created by these shielding elements (40) forms a three-dimensional geometry around the sensor component (31).

2. The device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The shield (41) is configured in a pot shape.

3. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The shield (40) on the first layer (21) at least substantially surrounds the sensor component (31).

4. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that One of the shielding elements (40) on the second layer (22) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) is designed to cover the sensor component (31) on the first layer (21) in the same manner.

5. The device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that An electrical ground (45) extends in a planar manner on the second layer (22) adjacent to the shield (40) on the second layer (22), parallel to an area (28) for arranging electronic components on the first layer (21) and / or to one of the shields (40) on the third layer (23) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24).

6. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that One of the shielding elements (40) on the third layer (23) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) extends in a planar manner and on one side relative to the sensor component (31) on the first layer (21) in order to provide the shielding (41) on one side.

7. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The shielding elements (40) on the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) are connected to one another via vias (25) and are therefore arranged with the same potential.

8. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The shielding elements (40) on the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) are designed to be electrically separated from each other so as to have different electrical potentials.

9. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The processing device (29) is electrically connected to the shielding element (40) so as to operate the shielding element (40) to provide active shielding (41), wherein the potential of the shielding element (40) is adjusted depending on the potential of the sensor component (31), wherein the processing device (29) is arranged in the following area (28) of the circuit board (20), on the first layer (21), which area extends relative to the electrical ground (45) on the second layer (22) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24).

10. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A processing device (29) is arranged on the printed circuit board (20) and is electrically connected to the sensor element (31) for charge transfer in order to evaluate the variable capacitance as a function of the charge transfer and thereby provide a capacitive measurement.

11. The device (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that The processing device (29) is designed to detect an activation action in such a way that an approach and / or a gesture of a user is detected on the basis of a capacitive analysis.

12. The device (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that The sensor component (31) is formed on the first layer (21) adjacent to the detection range (51), wherein the first layer (21) is arranged as an outer layer of the circuit board (20) so that the variable capacitance is provided by the sensor component (31) in such a way that the capacitance is related to the activation behavior within the detection range (51).

13. The device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The communication device (61) is arranged on the layers (21, 22, 23, 24) of the circuit board (20) and extends across all the layers (21, 22, 23, 24) at a distance from the sensor component (31) and the shielding element (40) to provide near-field communication with a mobile device external to the vehicle (1) to perform authentication by means of near-field communication in a manner triggered by the detection of an activation behavior and to activate functions of the vehicle (1) including unlocking and / or locking of the vehicle (1) based on the authentication.

14. A door handle (5) for a vehicle (1) having, as a vehicle part, a device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

15. A method for detecting an activation behavior of a vehicle (1) within a detection range (51) by means of a device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in order to activate a function of the vehicle (1) as a function of the detection, wherein: Follow these steps: - performing a capacitive measurement within the detection range (51) by means of an electrically conductive sensor element (31) on a multilayer printed circuit board (20), - generating a shield (41) for the measurement by at least two shielding elements (40) on the circuit board (20), Its characteristics are: The shielding members (40) are arranged on different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) of the circuit board (20), wherein one of the shielding members (40) on a first layer (21) of the different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) surrounds the sensor component (31), thereby providing the shielding (41) in different directions, the shielding members (40) are dispersedly arranged on the layers (21, 22, 23, 24), and the shielding (41) delimits the detection range (51) in three mutually orthogonal directions (x, y, z) and at least substantially surrounds the detection range (51) in a plane; The shielding (41) created by these shielding elements (40) forms a three-dimensional geometry around the sensor component (31).

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