Axle box suspension device, bogie and railway freight car

Abstract

The present invention discloses an axle box suspension device, a bogie and a railway freight car, wherein the axle box suspension device comprises an axle box, a guide frame and a spring, wherein the guide frame is located on both sides of the axle box, the axle box is provided with a spring bearing part, the spring is located between the guide frame and the spring bearing part, and two swing blocks and a spring damping gear are provided between at least one of the guide frames and the spring; the two swing blocks are arranged side by side and spaced in a direction parallel to the axis of the axle box, the upper end of each swing block is matched with the guide frame in a rotatable manner, the lower end of each swing block is matched with the spring damping gear in a rotatable manner, and the swing block is tilted and has an angle with the vertical direction, and its lower end is biased toward the axle box; the first friction surface of the spring damping gear and the second friction surface of the axle box form a friction pair that can move relatively. The device can improve the vehicle dynamics performance and ensure the continuous stability of the vehicle dynamics performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to an axle box suspension device for a railway freight car. The present invention also relates to a bogie provided with the axle box suspension device, and a railway freight car provided with the bogie. Background Art

[0002] Railway freight cars generally include car bodies, bogies, brakes, coupler buffers, etc. Among them, the function of the bogie is to support the car body, guide the vehicle along the track, and bear various loads from the car body and the track. Therefore, the bogie is an important component of railway freight cars and a core component that affects the vehicle's dynamic performance.

[0003] Railway freight car bogies are divided into two categories: welded frame bogies and cast steel three-piece bogies. The welded frame bogie is mainly composed of a frame, basic braking devices, axle box suspension damping devices and elastic side bearings. The axle box suspension device is composed of a wheelset and an axle box installed on the wheelset, springs, wedges and load-bearing saddles. The axle box suspension device is strongly related to the vehicle's dynamic performance, and directly determines and affects the vehicle's dynamic performance.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, a typical Y25 type frame bogie has an axle box suspension device composed of a spring 1′, a spring cap 2′, a lifting ring 3′ and an axle box 4′. One side of the wheelset is rigidly positioned by the guide frame, and the opposite side adopts a vibration reduction device with a lifting ring 3′ and a spring cap 3′ structure. One end of the lifting ring 3′ is installed on the protruding cantilever shaft of the guide frame 5′, and the other end is installed on the protruding cantilever shaft of the spring cap 2′. The protruding cantilever shaft is welded to the guide frame 5′ and the spring cap 2′ respectively.

[0005] This structure has the following main disadvantages:

[0006] 1) The lifting ring 3' is installed on the cantilever shaft, which is a welded structure. The structural force is not ideal, and the processability and reliability are poor.

[0007] 2) After the friction surface matching the axle box 4' is worn, the angle of the lifting ring 3' becomes smaller, which will lead to a decrease in vibration reduction performance.

[0008] 3) After the lifting ring 3' and the cantilever shaft are worn, the angle of the lifting ring 3' becomes smaller, which also leads to a decrease in vibration reduction performance.

[0009] 4) The structure is complex, the number of parts is too large, and the manufacturing is difficult. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide an axle box suspension device which can improve the vehicle dynamics performance and ensure the continuous stability of the vehicle dynamics performance.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a bogie provided with the axle box suspension device.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a railway freight car provided with the bogie.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an axle box suspension device, the axle box suspension device comprises an axle box, a guide frame and a spring, the guide frame is located on both sides of the axle box, the axle box is provided with a spring bearing part, the spring is located between the guide frame and the spring bearing part, and two swing blocks and a spring damping block are provided between at least one of the guide frames and the spring; the two swing blocks are arranged side by side and spaced apart in a direction parallel to the axis of the axle box, the upper end of each swing block is matched with the guide frame in a rotatable manner, the lower end of each swing block is matched with the spring damping block in a rotatable manner, and the swing block is inclined and has an angle with the vertical direction, and its lower end is biased toward the axle box; the side surface of the spring damping block is provided with a first friction surface corresponding to the axle box, and the second friction surface is pressed and fitted to the side surface of the axle box through the first friction surface, and the first friction surface and the second friction surface form a friction pair that can move relatively.

[0014] Preferably, both ends of the swing block are provided with supporting cylindrical surfaces respectively, and the inner top of the guide frame and the top of the spring damping block are provided with two concave arc surfaces respectively; the upper end of each swing block is rotationally matched with the corresponding concave arc surface on the guide frame through a cylindrical surface, and the lower end of each swing block is rotationally matched with the corresponding concave arc surface on the spring damping block through a cylindrical surface;

[0015] And / or, pin holes are provided at both ends of each swing block, the upper end of which is rotatably connected to the guide frame through a pin, and the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the spring damping gear through a pin.

[0016] Preferably, the spring damping gear is provided with a side friction plate, the vertical surface of the friction plate forms the first friction surface, the vertical surface of the side surface of the axle box forms the second friction surface, and the first friction surface and the second friction surface can move relative to each other in the vertical direction; or,

[0017] The spring damping gear is provided with a side friction plate, the vertical surface of the friction plate is provided with a groove, a wear plate is embedded in the groove, the vertical surface of the wear plate forms the first friction surface, the vertical surface of the side surface of the axle box forms the second friction surface, and the first friction surface and the second friction surface can move relative to each other in the vertical direction.

[0018] Preferably, the spring comprises an outer spring and an inner spring, the main body of the spring damping block is provided with a hole which passes through from top to bottom in the middle, the two concave arc surfaces are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hole, and the bottom of the spring damping block is placed on the upper plane of the outer spring.

[0019] Preferably, the main part of the spring damping gear is disc-shaped, and its top has a first top surface and a second top surface, the second top surface is higher than the first top surface and the second top surface is located on the side adjacent to the first friction surface, and there is a transition slope between the first top surface and the second top surface, and the two concave arc surfaces of the spring damping gear are located on the transition slope.

[0020] Preferably, the guide frame provided with the swing block and the spring damping block is in the shape of a cover body with an opening facing downward, and a spring support portion extending downward is provided at a middle position inside the guide frame, and the spring support portion passes through the hole of the spring damping block and is supported on the inner spring.

[0021] Preferably, the two concave arc surfaces at the top of the guide frame are symmetrically located on both sides of the spring support portion, and a cavity for the swing block to swing is formed between the spring support portion and the inner wall of the guide frame.

[0022] Preferably, the guide frame is provided with a downwardly extending side wall portion on a side adjacent to the axle box, the side wall portion is provided with a frame opening for the spring damping block to pass horizontally, and a movable gap is left between the spring damping block and the frame opening.

[0023] Preferably, the lateral projection of the swing block is in the shape of a dumbbell with the dimensions at both ends being larger than the middle dimension, or in the shape of equal width with the dimensions at both ends being the same as the middle dimension.

[0024] Preferably, two of the swing blocks and spring damping gears are provided between only one guide frame and its spring.

[0025] To achieve the other objective mentioned above, the present invention provides a bogie comprising a frame, a suspension device, a wheelset and a side bearing, wherein the suspension device comprises an axle box suspension device as described above, and the top surface of the guide frame of the axle box suspension device is welded to the lower cover plate of the side beam of the frame to form an integral structure.

[0026] Preferably, it is a two-axle or multi-axle bogie, whose left and right end wheelsets are provided with the axle box suspension device, and the two swing blocks and spring damping gears of the axle box suspension device are located on the inner side or outer side of the left and right end wheelsets.

[0027] To achieve the above-mentioned another object, the present invention provides a railway freight car, comprising a bogie, a power system and a car body arranged on the bogie, wherein the bogie is a bogie provided with the above-mentioned axle box suspension device.

[0028] The axle box suspension device provided by the present invention is provided with a spring damping gear, and two swing blocks are provided between the guide frame and the spring damping gear. When the vehicle moves, the spring damping gear and the two swing blocks can transmit the spring force to the guide frame. At the same time, since the two swing blocks have an inclined angle with the vertical direction, the spring damping gear can generate a horizontal force component. Under the action of the horizontal force component, the first friction surface of the spring damping gear and the second friction surface of the axle box are pressed and fitted tightly, and then the friction force generated by the relative displacement can play a damping role to achieve the vibration reduction function. This structure of the guide frame with two inclined swing blocks built in can realize the longitudinal positioning function of the wheelset while providing the vehicle vibration reduction function. It has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, good positioning effect, low manufacturing difficulty, small number of parts, and no decrease in vibration reduction effect after wear.

[0029] The bogie and railway freight car provided by the present invention are provided with the axle box suspension device. Since the axle box suspension device has the above-mentioned technical effects, the bogie and railway freight car provided with the axle box suspension device should also have corresponding technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a typical Y25 frame bogie;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-axle frame bogie disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of the middle right wheelset;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A side view of the guide frame shown in;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Left view of

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A top view of

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide frame shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the bottom after being turned over;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the swing block shown in;

[0038] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 a left side view of the swing block shown;

[0039] Fig.10 for Figure 3 Axonometric view of the spring damper gear shown in ;

[0040] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A side view of the spring damper gear shown;

[0041] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A top view of

[0042] Fig.13 for Fig.11 Left view of

[0043] Fig.14 for Figure 3 The structural diagram of the axle box shown in;

[0044] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A top view of the axle box shown;

[0045] Fig.16 A schematic structural diagram of a three-axle frame bogie disclosed in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A partial cross-sectional view of the middle left wheelset;

[0047] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of an axle box suspension device disclosed in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.19 It is a schematic structural diagram of an axle box suspension device disclosed in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of an axle box suspension device disclosed in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of an axle box suspension device disclosed in a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of an axle box suspension device disclosed in a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.23 It is a structural schematic diagram of a swing block disclosed in an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.24 for Fig.23 Left side view of the swing block shown.

[0054] Figure 1 middle:

[0055] Spring 1′ Spring cap 2′ Lifting ring 3′ Axle box 4′ Guide frame 5′

[0056] Figures 2 to 24 middle:

[0057] 1. Axle box 1-1. Spring bearing part 1-2. Second friction surface 2. First guide frame 2-1. Concave arc surface 2-2. Side wall 2-3. Frame opening 2-4 Spring support part 3. Second guide frame 4. Spring 4-1. Outer spring 4-2. Inner spring 5. Spring damping gear 5-1. First friction surface 5-2. Concave arc surface 5-3. Hole position 5-4. First top surface 5-5. Second top surface 5-6. Transition slope 5-7. Friction plate 5-8. Groove 6. Swing block 6-1. Cylindrical surface 6-2. Pin hole 7. Frame 8. Wear plate 9. Load saddle 10. Rubber pad 11. Suspension device 12. Wheel set 13. Side bearing DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0059] In this article, the terms "up, down, left, right" and the like are established based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings. Depending on the different drawings, the corresponding positional relationships may also change accordingly. In the part of the specification that has a definition of direction, the directions defined by the text are given priority. Therefore, they cannot be understood as an absolute limitation on the scope of protection; moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one component from another with the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these components.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-axle frame bogie disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view of the middle right wheelset.

[0061] As shown in the figure, in a specific embodiment, the structure of the axle box suspension device is described by taking a three-axle frame bogie as an example. The bogie is mainly composed of a frame and three wheel pairs. Figure 2 In terms of the directions shown, they are the left end wheelset, the middle wheelset and the right end wheelset. The left and right end wheelsets are Figure 3 The axle box suspension device shown in the figure has a mirror-symmetrical relationship between the axle box suspension devices of the left and right end wheelsets.

[0062] like Figure 3The axle box suspension device of the right end wheelset shown is mainly composed of an axle box 1, a first guide frame 2, a second guide frame 3, a spring 4, a spring damping gear 5, and a swing block 6.

[0063] The first guide frame 2 and the second guide frame 3 are both welded to the lower plane of the side beam of the frame 7, and are respectively located on both sides of the axle box 1. The bottom of the axle box 1 has a spring bearing portion 1-1 extending laterally to the left and right, respectively. Springs 4 are respectively provided between the first guide frame 2 and the second guide frame 3 and the spring bearing portion 1-1. The springs 4 are placed on the spring bearing portions 1-1 on both sides of the axle box 1.

[0064] Among them, two swing blocks 6 and a spring damping block 5 are arranged between the first guide frame 2 located on the inner side and the spring 4 therebelow, and the two swing blocks 6 are arranged side by side and spaced apart in a direction parallel to the axis of the axle box 1 (due to overlap in the figure, only one of them can be seen); the swing blocks 6 are located between the spring damping block 5 and the first guide frame 2, and are supported inside the first guide frame 2, and the upper end of each swing block 6 is rotatably matched with the first guide frame 2, and the lower end of each swing block 6 is rotatably matched with the spring damping block 5, and the swing blocks 6 are inclinedly arranged with an angle with the vertical direction, and the lower end thereof is biased toward the axle box 1; the spring damping block 5 is provided with a first friction surface 5-1 on a side corresponding to the axle box 1, and is pressed tightly against the second friction surface 1-2 on the side of the axle box 1 through the first friction surface 5-1, and the first friction surface 5-1 and the second friction surface 1-2 form a friction pair that can move relatively.

[0065] The shock absorbing principle is to utilize the angle between the two swing blocks 6 and the vertical direction to decompose the vertical supporting force from the spring 4 to generate a horizontal force, so that the spring damping block 5 generates a rightward force, so that the right end of the spring damping block 5 vertically faces the vertical surface of the left side of the axle box 1 to generate a positive pressure, and the right side generates a horizontal support reaction force. When the axle box 1 generates a vertical relative displacement relative to the spring damping block 5, a friction force can be generated in the vertical direction, and then a damping effect is generated under the action of the friction force, thereby realizing the shock absorbing function.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 , Figure 4 for Figure 3 A side view of the guide frame shown in; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Left view of Figure 6 for Figure 4 A top view of Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide frame shown in the figure after being flipped over and observed from the bottom.

[0067] As shown in the figure, the first guide frame 2 is in the shape of a cover body with an opening facing downward, and its top surface is a plane with a rectangular weight-reducing hole, which is welded to the lower cover plate of the side beam of the frame 7 to form an integral structure. Two concave arc surfaces 2-1 biased to the left are arranged on the top of the first guide frame 2, and a downwardly protruding spring support part 2-4 is arranged in the middle position inside. The lowest end of the spring support part 2-4 is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the inner table plane of the truncated cone cooperates with the upper plane of the inner spring 4-2 described below (there is a certain distance when the vehicle is empty, and there is contact when the vehicle is loaded), and the rib of the truncated cone is used to fix the inner spring 4-2, and the two concave arc surfaces 2-1 are symmetrically located on both sides of the spring support part 2-4, and a cavity is formed between the spring support part 2-4 and the inner wall of the guide frame 2 for the swinging block 6 to swing, and the cavity is an open space downward.

[0068] The first guide frame 2 is provided with a downwardly extending side wall portion 2-2 on a side adjacent to the axle box 1, and the side wall portion 2-2 is provided with a frame opening 2-3 for the spring damping block 5 to pass horizontally, and sufficient clearance is left between the frame opening 2-3 and the spring damping block 5 to avoid interference with the first guide frame 2 when the spring damping block 5 moves up and down relative to the first guide frame 2.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the swing block shown in; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Left side view of the swing block shown.

[0070] As shown in the figure, the two swing blocks 6 have the same shape and size and are arranged in the cavities on both sides of the first guide frame 2. Each swing block 6 has a certain length and thickness, and is in the shape of a dumbbell with large ends and a thin middle in the lateral projection. The swing block 6 bears pressure between the first guide frame 2 and the spring damping gear 5, and different inclination angles can be set as needed.

[0071] Supporting cylindrical surfaces 6-1 are respectively provided at both ends of the swing block 6, which respectively correspond to the concave arc surfaces at the top of the first guide frame 2 and the top of the spring damping block 5. The upper end of the swing block 6 cooperates with the concave arc surface 2-1 of the first guide frame 2 through the cylindrical surface 6-1, and the lower end of the swing block 6 cooperates with the concave arc surface 5-2 of the spring damping block 5 through the cylindrical surface 6-1, forming a cylindrical surface matching structure.

[0072] The installed swing block 6 is located inside the first guide frame 2 and supported between the spring damping block 5 and the first guide frame 2. The swing block 6 has a simple structure, adopts a non-welding connection, has high reliability, and good manufacturing processability.

[0073] Of course, the swing block 6 can also be in a shape of equal width in lateral projection, with the dimensions at both ends being consistent with the middle dimension.

[0074] Please refer to Figures 10 to 13 , Fig.10 for Figure 3 Axonometric view of the spring damper gear shown in ; Fig.11 for Fig.10 A side view of the spring damper gear shown; Fig.12 for Fig.11 A top view of Fig.13 for Fig.11 Left view of .

[0075] As shown in the figure, the spring 4 includes an outer spring 4-1 and an inner spring 4-2 of unequal heights. The main part of the spring damping block 5 is disc-shaped, and a hole 5-3 is provided in the middle which passes through from top to bottom. Two concave arc surfaces 5-2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hole 5-3. The spring support portion 2-4 of the first guide frame 2 passes through the hole 5-3 and extends into the inner spring 4-2, directly contacting the upper plane of the inner spring 4-2 to provide spring positioning. The annular lower plane of the spring damping block 5 is the spring support surface, which is placed on the upper plane of the outer spring 4-1.

[0076] When the vehicle is empty, there is a certain distance between the inner spring 4-2 and the spring support portion 2-4 extending downward from the middle of the first guide frame 2; when the vehicle is loaded, the top surface of the inner spring 4-2 contacts the spring support portion 2-4 of the first guide frame 2 after the outer spring 4-1 is compressed, and the compression force of the inner spring 4-2 is transmitted to the first guide frame, and then to the frame 7, that is, the inner spring 4-2 does not participate in vibration reduction, but only plays a bearing role. When the vehicle is loaded, the inner spring 4-2 does not participate in the damping effect, which can avoid excessive damping when the vehicle is loaded.

[0077] When the vehicle is empty, the lower plane of the second guide frame 3 contacts the outer spring 4-1 of the spring 4, transferring the spring force of the outer spring 4-1 to the second guide frame 3, and then to the frame 7; when the vehicle is loaded, the lower plane of the second guide frame 3 contacts the top surfaces of the outer spring 4-1 and the inner spring 4-2 at the same time, transferring the spring force of the outer spring 4-1 and the inner spring 4-2 to the second guide frame 3, and then to the frame 7.

[0078] The top of the spring damping gear 5 has a first top surface 5-4 and a second top surface 5-5. The second top surface 5-5 is higher than the first top surface 5-4 and is located on the side adjacent to the first friction surface 5-1. A transition slope 5-6 is between the first top surface 5-4 and the second top surface 5-5. The concave arc surface 5-2 of the spring damping gear 5 is located on the transition slope 5-6, which can better generate a horizontal component force to the right.

[0079] A side friction plate 5-7 is provided on the right side of the spring damping gear 5. The friction plate 5-7 and the main body can be an integrated structure or a split assembly structure. The vertical surface of the friction plate 5-7 is provided with a groove 5-8, and a wear plate 8 is embedded in the groove 5-8. The vertical surface of the wear plate 8 forms a first friction surface 5-1, and the vertical surface on the left side of the axle box 1 forms a second friction surface 1-2. The first friction surface 5-1 and the second friction surface 1-2 are pressed tightly together and can move relative to each other in the vertical direction.

[0080] When the friction surface between the spring damper 5 and the axle box 1, as well as the matching surfaces between the swing block 6, the spring damper 5 and the first guide frame 2 are worn, the inclination angle of the swing block 6 becomes larger, which can enhance the vibration reduction performance and longitudinal positioning stiffness.

[0081] Of course, the vertical surface of the friction plate 5-7 can also directly form the first friction surface 5-1, and then be pressed and fitted with the second friction surface 1-2 on the side of the axle box 1, and can move relatively in the vertical direction.

[0082] Please refer to Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.14 for Figure 3 The structural diagram of the axle box shown in; Fig.15 for Fig.14 A top view of the axle box shown.

[0083] As shown in the figure, the axle box 1 can be set to an arc shape to directly cooperate with the bearing, or it can be set to a structure that cooperates with the load-bearing saddle 9. A rubber pad 10 can also be set between the axle box 1 and the load-bearing saddle 9. The frustum on both sides of the axle box 1 is the placement surface for the inner and outer springs, and the vertical surfaces on both sides are the matching surfaces for the wear plates 8 installed with the spring damping gear 5.

[0084] The above embodiments are only preferred solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto. On this basis, targeted adjustments can be made according to actual needs to obtain different implementation methods. For example:

[0085] like Fig.16 , 17 As shown, in the second embodiment, the swing blocks 6 and the spring damping gears 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the left end wheelset.

[0086] like Fig.18 As shown, in the third embodiment, a swing block 6 and a spring damping gear 5 are provided on the outer side of the left end wheelset of the bogie.

[0087] like Fig.19 As shown, in the fourth embodiment, a swing block 6 and a spring damping block 5 are provided on the inner side of the right end wheelset of the bogie, and a load-bearing saddle 9 is provided in the axle box 1.

[0088] like Fig. 20As shown, in the fifth embodiment, a swing block 6 and a spring damping block 5 are provided on the outer side of the left end wheelset of the bogie, and a load-bearing saddle 9 is provided in the axle box 1.

[0089] like Fig.21 As shown, in the sixth embodiment, a swing block 6 and a spring damper 5 are provided on the outer side of the left end wheelset of the bogie, and a load-bearing saddle 9 and a rubber pad 10 are provided in the axle box 1.

[0090] like Fig. 22 As shown, in the seventh embodiment, a swing block 6 and a spring damper 5 are provided on the inner side of the right end wheelset of the bogie, and a load-bearing saddle 9 and a rubber pad 10 are provided in the axle box 1.

[0091] That is to say, in different embodiments, either the load-bearing saddle 9 or the load-bearing saddle 9 and the rubber pad 10 may be provided in the axle box 1 to meet different performance requirements.

[0092] like Fig.23 , Fig.24 As shown, in some other embodiments, pin holes 6-2 are provided at both ends of the swing block 6, the upper end of which is connected to the first guide frame 2 through a pin, and the lower end of which is connected to the spring damping gear 5 through a pin, which can also realize the functions of swinging and transmitting pressure, and on the basis of adopting the pin connection, the cylindrical surface matching structure in the above embodiment can be adopted at the same time, for example, the upper end can adopt the pin connection and the lower end can adopt the cylindrical surface matching structure, or the upper end can adopt the cylindrical surface matching structure and the lower end can adopt the pin connection, in the latter case, both the upper and lower ends adopt the cylindrical surface matching structure and the pin connection.

[0093] Since there are many possible implementation methods, we will not give examples here one by one.

[0094] The axle box suspension device provided by the present invention converts the vertical force of the spring 4 into a horizontal force component acting on the spring damping block 5 through the inclination angle of the two swing blocks 6, and acts on the side of the axle box 1 through the spring damping block 5, so that positive pressure is generated on both sides of the axle box 1. Since the axle box 1 is installed on the wheelset bearing and is an unsprung component, the spring damping block 5, the two swing blocks 6, the first guide frame 2, the second guide frame 3 and the frame 7 are all sprung components. When vertical vibration occurs during the operation of the vehicle, the axle box 1 produces a vertical displacement relative to the sprung components such as the spring damping block 5, and friction resistance is generated under the action of the horizontal force components on both sides of the axle box 1, which produces a damping effect and realizes the vibration reduction function, which can effectively improve the vehicle dynamics performance, realize technical upgrades, ensure the continuous stability of the vehicle dynamics performance, high safety and reliability, and the vehicle performance does not decrease due to wear, and has a better longitudinal positioning function.

[0095] In addition to the above-mentioned axle box suspension device, the present invention also provides a bogie, which is mainly composed of a frame 7, a suspension device 11, a wheelset 12 and a side bearing 13, etc. It can be a single-axle bogie, a two-axle bogie, or a three-axle bogie, a four-axle bogie or a five-axle bogie or other multi-axle bogie, wherein at least one suspension device 11 is the axle box suspension device described above, and the top surfaces of the first guide frame 2 and the second guide frame 3 of the axle box suspension device are welded to the lower cover plate of the side beam of the frame 7 to form an integral structure.

[0096] If it is a two-axle or multi-axle bogie, it is more preferred that the left and right end wheelsets are provided with the axle box suspension device as described above, and the swing block and spring damping gear of the axle box suspension device are located on the inner side or outer side of the left and right end wheelsets.

[0097] Of course, the axle box suspension device described above can also be set at other positions of the bogie. Taking the end wheelsets of a three-axle bogie as an example, it can be set at the two end wheelsets of the bogie, or at the end wheelsets and the middle wheelsets.

[0098] Since the structure of the bogie has been explained in the process of explaining the axle box suspension device, it will not be repeated here.

[0099] In addition to the above-mentioned axle box suspension device and bogie, the present invention also provides a railway freight car, including a bogie, a power system and a car body arranged on the bogie, wherein the bogie is a bogie provided with the axle box suspension device provided by the present invention as described above. Regarding the remaining structure of the railway freight car, please refer to the prior art and will not be repeated herein.

[0100] The above is a detailed introduction to the axle box suspension device, bogie and railway freight car provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation method of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axle box suspension device, comprising an axle box (1), a guide frame and a spring (4), wherein the guide frame is located on both sides of the axle box (1), the axle box (1) is provided with a spring bearing portion (1-1), and the spring (4) is located between the guide frame and the spring bearing portion (1-1), characterized in that: Two swing blocks (6) and a spring damping block (5) are provided between at least one of the guide frames and the spring (4); the two swing blocks (6) are spaced apart and arranged side by side in a direction parallel to the axis of the axle box (1); the upper end of each swing block (6) is rotatably matched with the guide frame, and the lower end of each swing block (6) is rotatably matched with the spring damping block (5); the swing block (6) is inclined and has an angle with the vertical direction, and its lower end is biased toward the axle box (1); a first friction surface (5-1) corresponding to the axle box (1) is provided on the side surface of the spring damping block (5), and a second friction surface (1-2) is pressed against the side surface of the axle box (1) by the first friction surface (5-1), and the first friction surface (5-1) and the second friction surface (1-2) form a friction pair that can move relatively; The two ends of the swing block (6) are respectively provided with supporting cylindrical surfaces (6-1), and the inner top of the guide frame and the top of the spring damping block (5) are respectively provided with two concave arc surfaces (5-2); the upper end of each swing block (6) is rotatably matched with the corresponding concave arc surface (5-2) on the guide frame through the cylindrical surface (6-1), and the lower end of each swing block (6) is rotatably matched with the corresponding concave arc surface (5-2) on the spring damping block (5) through the cylindrical surface (6-1); and / or, the two ends of each swing block (6) are provided with pin shaft holes (6-2), the upper end thereof is rotatably connected with the guide frame through the pin shaft, and the lower end thereof is rotatably connected with the spring damping block (5) through the pin shaft; The main body of the spring damping gear (5) is in the shape of a disk, and has a first top surface (5-4) and a second top surface (5-5) on its top, the second top surface (5-5) being higher than the first top surface (5-4) and the second top surface (5-5) being located on a side adjacent to the first friction surface (5-1), a transition slope (5-6) being located between the first top surface (5-4) and the second top surface (5-5), and the two concave arc surfaces (5-2) of the spring damping gear (5) being located on the transition slope (5-6).

2. The axle box suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring damping gear (5) is provided with a side friction plate (5-7), the vertical surface of the friction plate (5-7) forms the first friction surface (5-1), the vertical surface of the side surface of the axle box (1) forms the second friction surface (1-2), and the first friction surface (5-1) and the second friction surface (1-2) are capable of relative movement in the vertical direction; or, The spring damping gear (5) is provided with a side friction plate (5-7), a groove (5-8) is provided on a vertical surface of the friction plate (5-7), a wear plate (8) is embedded in the groove (5-8), the vertical surface of the wear plate (8) forms the first friction surface (5-1), and the vertical surface of the side surface of the axle box (1) forms the second friction surface (1-2), and the first friction surface (5-1) and the second friction surface (1-2) can move relative to each other in a vertical direction.

3. The axle box suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (4) comprises an outer spring (4-1) and an inner spring (4-2); a main body of the spring damping block (5) is provided with a hole (5-3) extending vertically through the middle; the two concave arc surfaces (5-2) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hole (5-3); and the bottom of the spring damping block (5) is located on the upper plane of the outer spring (4-1).

4. The axle box suspension device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide frame provided with the swing block (6) and the spring damping block (5) is in the shape of a cover body with an opening downward, and a downwardly protruding spring support portion (2-4) is provided at a middle position inside the guide frame. The spring support portion (2-4) passes through a hole (5-3) of the spring damping block (5) and is supported on the inner spring (4-2).

5. The axle box suspension device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two concave arc surfaces (2-1) at the top of the guide frame are symmetrically located on both sides of the spring support portion (2-4), and a cavity for the swing block (6) to swing is formed between the spring support portion (2-4) and the inner wall of the guide frame.

6. The axle box suspension device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide frame is provided with a side wall portion (2-2) extending downward on a side adjacent to the axle box (1); the side wall portion (2-2) is provided with a frame opening (2-3) for the spring damping block (5) to pass through laterally; and a movable gap is left between the spring damping block (5) and the frame opening (2-3).

7. The axle box suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral projection of the swing block (6) is in the shape of a dumbbell with the dimensions at both ends being larger than the middle dimension, or in the shape of equal width with the dimensions at both ends being the same as the middle dimension.

8. The axle box suspension device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Only one of the guide frames is provided with two swing blocks (6) and a spring damping block (5) between the guide frame and its spring (4).

9. A bogie, comprising a frame (7), a suspension device (11), a wheelset (12) and a side bearing (13), characterized in that: The suspension device (11) comprises the axle box suspension device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the top surface of the guide frame of the axle box suspension device is welded to the lower cover plate of the side beam of the frame (7) to form an integral structure.

10. The bogie according to claim 9, characterized in that The invention relates to a two-axle or multi-axle bogie, wherein the left and right end wheelsets (12) are provided with the axle box suspension device, and the two swing blocks (6) and the spring damping gear (5) of the axle box suspension device are located on the inner side or the outer side of the left and right end wheelsets (12).

11. A railway freight car, comprising a bogie, a power system arranged on the bogie and a carriage, characterized in that: The bogie is the bogie described in claim 9 or 10 above.

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