Rotating electric machines

Abstract

A rotating electric machine is provided, which can improve the cooling performance of a rotor and is inexpensive and compact. A power supply unit (300) is fixed to the axial side of a shaft (4) in a bracket (2), and a permanent magnet (10) is arranged adjacent to the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion (921) of a magnetic pole (92) provided on one side of the power supply unit (300) and on the side in which the rotation direction of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion (921) is located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a rotating electric machine in which a power supply unit is integrated. Background Art

[0002] In a dual-purpose magnet type automotive AC generator in which permanent magnets are arranged between the magnetic pole claws of a claw-pole rotor, there is known a structure in which the interpolar magnets are formed to be less than the total number of claw-shaped magnetic poles. For example, in a rotating electric machine described in Patent Document 1, the rotor has a field magnet between a first claw-shaped magnetic pole and a second claw-shaped magnetic pole, and the field magnets are alternately arranged.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-98787

[0006] When this structure is adopted in a rotating electric machine in which a power supply unit is integrated, the pressure loss on the power supply unit side is greater and the air intake to the motor is less at the power supply unit side and the opposite side. Therefore, when the magnet is arranged in a position to block the cooling air from the opposite side of the power supply unit, the pressure loss increases, the flow rate of the cooling air decreases, and the thermal conductivity decreases. In addition, since the air intake port needs to be enlarged, it will be larger and heavier.

[0007] In addition, especially when installed in the engine compartment of a car, it is required to be installed in a limited space. In a vehicle model that can only ensure radial space, there will be an undesirable situation where parts interfere with each other. In addition, there is no working space for installing connectors connected to external equipment or screws for fixing. In the worst case, there is a situation where the rotating motor cannot be installed due to insufficient size. In this way, there is a problem that the installation will be restricted by the layout in the engine compartment. In addition, in electric motors installed in hybrid vehicles (HVs), etc., higher cooling performance is required. In the case of a large temperature rise, it is necessary to reduce the current density and the performance will be reduced. Or, due to the use of components with high heat resistance, there is a problem of increased costs. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine which is inexpensive and compact while improving the cooling performance of the rotor.

[0009] The rotary electric machine disclosed in the present invention comprises: a rotor having a magnetic pole with a plurality of claw-shaped magnetic pole portions arranged on the outer periphery, an excitation winding wound on the magnetic pole, and a shaft rotating integrally with the magnetic pole and the excitation winding; a stator having a stator core arranged opposite to the outer periphery of the magnetic pole and a stator winding wound on the stator core; a permanent magnet arranged between adjacent claw-shaped magnetic pole portions of the magnetic pole and magnetized in a direction that reduces leakage flux between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic pole portions; a cooling fan arranged on at least one of the axial sides of the shaft in the magnetic pole and cooling the excitation winding and the permanent magnet; a bracket accommodating the stator and the rotor and supporting the shaft so as to be rotatable; and a power supply unit supplying power to the stator winding or the excitation winding, the power supply unit being fixed to the axial side of the shaft in the bracket, and the permanent magnet being arranged on the rotation direction advancing side of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion of the magnetic pole on one side of the power supply unit.

[0010] According to the rotary electric machine disclosed in the present application, since the permanent magnet is arranged on the rotation direction travel side of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion of the magnetic pole on one side of the power supply unit, it can be cooled without blocking the cooling wind with a large air volume from the opposite side of the power supply unit. In addition, since the cooling performance of the excitation winding is improved, the continuous output can be improved. In addition, since the cooling performance of the permanent magnet can be improved, cheap permanent magnets can be used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 This is an external view showing an example of a rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment in a horizontal arrangement.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment as viewed from the power supply unit side.

[0014] Figure 4 This is an external view showing an example of a rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment arranged in a vertical direction.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the cooling air flowing through the rotor in the first embodiment.

[0016] Figure 6 This is an external view showing a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment in a horizontal arrangement.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing a rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment as viewed from the power supply unit side.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment.

[0019] Fig. 9 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment.

[0020] Fig.10 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a fifth embodiment.

[0021] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the rotating electrical machine according to the sixth embodiment.

[0022] (Explanation of symbols)

[0023] 1 front bracket;

[0024] 2 rear bracket;

[0025] 3. Stator;

[0026] 4 axes;

[0027] 5. Field winding;

[0028] 6 rotors;

[0029] 10 permanent magnets;

[0030] 31 stator core;

[0031] 32 stator winding;

[0032] 81, 82 cooling fan;

[0033] 91, 92 magnetic poles;

[0034] 911, 921 claw-shaped magnetic pole portions;

[0035] 300 Power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the rotary electric machine of the present application will be described using the accompanying drawings, but in each figure, the same or corresponding parts are described with the same reference numerals. In addition, in the illustrations between the figures, the size or reduction ratio of the corresponding components are independent of each other.

[0037] Implementation Method 1

[0038] Embodiment 1 will be described based on the drawings. Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. Figure 2 This is an external view showing an example of a rotor according to the first embodiment. Figure 3This is a diagram showing the rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment as viewed from the power supply unit side. Figure 4 This is an external view showing an example of a rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment arranged in a vertical direction. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the cooling air flowing through the rotor in the first embodiment.

[0039] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, the direction in which the shaft extends, i.e., the up-down direction, is defined as the axial direction, the radial direction of the rotor and stator, i.e., the left-right direction, is defined as the radial direction, and the upper direction in the axial direction is defined as the rear side, and the lower direction in the axial direction is defined as the front side. In addition, the axial direction, radial direction, rear side, and front side of the motor are also referred to as such.

[0040] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the rotary electric machine is composed of a motor 200 and a power supply unit 300 for supplying electric power to the motor 200. The motor 200 includes: a housing, the housing being composed of a bracket (hereinafter referred to as a front bracket) 1 on the opposite side of the power supply unit and a bracket (hereinafter referred to as a rear bracket) 2 on the side of the power supply unit; a stator 3 having a stator core 31 and a stator winding 32; and a rotor 6 having a shaft 4 and an excitation winding 5. The stator 3 is supported and fixed by one end of the front bracket 1 and one end of the rear bracket 2, and the rotor 6 is arranged on the inner side of the stator 3. The shaft 4 of the rotor 6 is supported by a bearing 71 provided on the front bracket 1 and a bearing 72 provided on the rear bracket 2 so as to be freely rotatable, and the rotor 6 is configured to be coaxially rotatable relative to the stator 3. The power supply unit 300 supplies electric power to at least one of the stator winding 32 and the excitation winding 5.

[0041] The cooling fan 81 is fixed to the side of the rotor 6 opposite to the power supply unit (hereinafter referred to as the front side), and the cooling fan 82 is fixed to the power supply unit side (hereinafter referred to as the rear side). A pulley (not shown) is mounted on the load side end of the shaft 4, that is, on the outer side of the front side of the front bracket 1. The pulley is connected to the rotating shaft of the engine via a belt (not shown) and transmits rotational energy.

[0042] The rotor 6 is constructed in such a manner that a first magnetic pole 91 (front side) and a second magnetic pole 92 (rear side) are combined, and an excitation winding 5 is arranged in an internal space formed by the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole. The first magnetic pole has a plurality of first claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 911 arranged at intervals in the rotation direction of the rotor, and the second magnetic pole has a plurality of second claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 921 arranged at intervals in the rotation direction of the rotor. A permanent magnet 10 is provided in a part of the inter-pole portion between the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 911 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 921, and the first magnetic pole 91 and the second magnetic pole 92 are combined in such a manner that the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 911 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 921 are meshed with each other.

[0043] The permanent magnet 10 is characterized in that it is arranged adjacent to the second claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 921 of the second magnetic pole 92 on the rotation direction advancing side.

[0044] In the above-mentioned power supply unit integrated rotating electrical machine, when the rotor 6 is driven to rotate, the cooling fans 81 and 82 also rotate together. Figure 1 The flow path is formed as shown by the arrows.

[0045] The front bracket 1 has a plurality of openings 12 (hereinafter referred to as exhaust openings 12) dispersedly arranged in the circumferential direction at the radially outer side of the front cooling fan 81, and a plurality of openings 11 (hereinafter referred to as intake openings 11) dispersedly arranged in the circumferential direction at the front side.

[0046] The rear bracket 2 has a plurality of openings 22 (hereinafter referred to as exhaust openings 22) dispersedly arranged along the circumferential direction at the radially outer side of the rear cooling fan 82, and a plurality of openings 21 (hereinafter referred to as intake openings 21) dispersedly arranged along the circumferential direction at the rear side.

[0047] The cooling air W1 includes cooling air W11 that passes through the air intake opening 11 and is discharged from the air discharge opening 12 , and cooling air W12 that passes between the claws of the rotor 6 and is discharged from the air discharge opening 22 .

[0048] The cooling air W2 includes cooling air W21 that passes through the power supply unit, passes through the air intake opening 21 , and is discharged from the air discharge opening 22 , and cooling air W22 that passes between the claws of the rotor 6 and is discharged from the air discharge opening 22 .

[0049] Of cooling air W1 and cooling air W2, cooling air W2 has a large pressure loss and a large air volume because it passes through power supply unit 300. Accordingly, of cooling air W12 and cooling air W22 for cooling rotor 6, cooling air W12 has a large air volume.

[0050] As the rotor 6 rotates, the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 911 presses the adjacent air (direction: P1 ), thereby generating cooling air W12 , and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 921 presses the air (direction: P2 ), thereby generating cooling air W22 .

[0051] The power supply unit 300 is arranged at the rear side of the motor 200 and fixed to the motor 200. The power supply unit 300 includes: an inverter having a plurality of power semiconductor elements and performing DC to AC conversion between a DC power supply and a plurality of phase windings; a control circuit for controlling the power semiconductor elements to be turned on and off; a pair of brushes 14, which are in contact with a pair of slip rings 13 provided at a protruding portion of the shaft 4 protruding from the rear bracket 2 toward the rear side; and a power semiconductor element for the field winding, which turns on and off the power supplied to the field winding 5 via the brushes 14 and the slip rings 13. The power semiconductor element (switching element) for the field winding is turned on and off by the control circuit, and generates heat due to the operation of the rotating electric machine.

[0052] According to the present embodiment, since the permanent magnet 10 is arranged at a position where the cooling wind W22 is generated, it will not hinder the cooling wind W12 with a large amount of air, so the cooling wind can be effectively utilized, so that the rotor 6 and the stator 3 can be efficiently cooled. In addition, since the cooling wind W21 passing through the power supply unit 300 as a heat source is not introduced into the rotor 6, the wind after the temperature rises is not used as cooling wind, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. In order to generate the same air volume as the case of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion adjacent to the first magnetic pole on the side of the rotation direction, it is necessary to reduce the overall pressure loss and enlarge it, and on the other hand, it can be miniaturized and manufactured inexpensively. In addition, by improving the cooling efficiency of the motor, the power supply unit is not easy to obtain heat from the motor, so the cooling efficiency of the power supply unit is also improved, and there is no need to use high heat-resistant components, which improves the cost performance.

[0053] Implementation Method 2

[0054] Figure 6 This is an external view showing a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment in a horizontal arrangement. Figure 7 This is a diagram showing a rotor in the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment as viewed from the power supply unit side.

[0055] The permanent magnets 10 are disposed adjacent to the claw-shaped magnetic pole portions 921 of the second magnetic pole on the rotational direction advancing side, and the inter-pole portions where the permanent magnets 10 are inserted and the inter-pole portions where the permanent magnets 10 are not inserted are alternately disposed in the rotational direction.

[0056] According to this embodiment, since the maximum number of permanent magnets 10 can be arranged without damaging the utilization efficiency of the cooling air, the leakage flux is reduced and the output is improved. In addition, since the cooling air 21 heated by the power supply unit 300 as a heat source is blocked from entering the rotor 6 to the maximum extent, the cooling efficiency of the motor is also improved.

[0057] Implementation 3

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment.

[0059] The cooling fan 81 is provided with a notch portion A in the axial direction where the inter-pole portion of the permanent magnet 10 is not inserted.

[0060] According to this embodiment, by increasing the outer diameter of the fan and increasing the air volume, the cooling performance is improved. However, once the cooling fan 81 blocks the inter-pole portion where the permanent magnet 10 is not inserted, the cooling wind W12 will be blocked and the air volume will decrease. By providing the notch portion A, the cooling wind W12 will not be blocked. As a result, the pressure loss of the wind path is reduced, the cooling performance of the excitation winding is improved, and the output is increased. By providing the same notch portion A in the cooling fan 82, the cooling wind W22 will not be blocked, and the same effect can be obtained.

[0061] Implementation 4

[0062] Fig. 9 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment.

[0063] The outer diameter of the cooling fan 81 is smaller than the radial gap between the magnetic poles into which the permanent magnets 10 are inserted. That is, the fan outermost diameter D1 of the cooling fan 81 is smaller than the innermost diameter D2 of the insertion portion of the permanent magnets 10 .

[0064] According to this embodiment, by reducing the outer diameter of the fan, the cooling air W12 is not blocked, so that the air path pressure loss is reduced. In addition, the component cost or weight can be reduced. In addition, the noise can be reduced. Regarding the cooling fan 82, by forming it into the same structure, the cooling air W22 is not blocked, and the same effect can be obtained.

[0065] Implementation method 5

[0066] Fig.10 This is a schematic external view showing a main part of a rotor in a rotating electrical machine according to a fifth embodiment.

[0067] The inclination angle of the claw of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 911 on the side without the permanent magnet (the side advancing in the rotation direction) C is larger than the inclination angle of the claw of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 911 on the side where the permanent magnet 10 is located (the side retreating in the rotation direction) B. That is, with respect to the two circumferential surfaces forming the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion on the side where the power supply unit is not configured, the inclination angle of the surface formed by the axial direction of the shaft and the normal direction of the surface on the outermost circumferential side of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion on the side advancing in the rotation direction is larger.

[0068] According to the present embodiment, the axial component of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole portion 911 pressing the adjacent air in the direction P1 is increased, and the flow of the cooling air W12 is promoted. As a result, the air volume is increased, the cooling performance is improved, and the output is increased.

[0069] Implementation 6

[0070] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the rotating electrical machine according to the sixth embodiment.

[0071] Cooling is performed by the liquid refrigerant supplied to the liquid refrigerant pipe 15 provided in the power supply unit 300 .

[0072] According to this embodiment, since the power supply unit 300 does not need to be cooled by the cooling wind generated by the rotation of the cooling fan, the cooling fan 82 can be reduced or eliminated. As a result, the component cost is reduced. In addition, the axial height of the motor can be reduced. Fig.11 In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling fan 82 is not provided.

[0073] At this time, the air volume of cooling air W2 is further reduced compared to cooling air W1, or becomes zero. In this case, if permanent magnet 10 is arranged at the position where cooling air W12 is generated, only cooling air W11 flows to the motor, thereby reducing cooling efficiency and performance. Therefore, permanent magnet 10 needs to be arranged adjacent to the rotation direction of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion of the second magnetic pole.

[0074] The present application describes various exemplary embodiments and examples, but various features, methods, and functions described in one or more embodiments are not limited to application to specific embodiments and can be applied to the embodiments alone or in various combinations.

[0075] Therefore, numerous modifications not shown are contemplated within the technical scope disclosed in the present specification, including, for example, modifications, additions, or omissions of at least one component, and extraction of at least one component and combination with components of other embodiments.

Claims

1. A rotating electrical machine, characterized in that: include: a rotor having a magnetic pole having a plurality of claw-shaped magnetic pole portions provided on an outer periphery, a field winding wound around the magnetic pole, and a shaft rotating integrally with the magnetic pole and the field winding; a stator having a stator core disposed opposite to the outer periphery of the magnetic pole and a stator winding wound on the stator core; a permanent magnet disposed between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic pole portions of the magnetic pole and magnetized in a direction that reduces leakage magnetic flux between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic pole portions; a cooling fan disposed on at least one of the axial sides of the shaft in the magnetic pole and configured to cool the field winding and the permanent magnet; a bracket, the bracket housing the stator and the rotor and supporting the shaft to be rotatable; as well as a power supply unit for supplying power to the stator winding or the field winding, The power supply unit is fixed to the axial side of the shaft in the bracket, The permanent magnet is arranged on the rotation direction advancing side of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion of the magnetic pole on the side where the power supply unit is provided, Regarding the two circumferential surfaces forming the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion on the side where the power supply unit is not arranged, the inclination angle between the axial direction of the shaft and the normal direction of the outermost circumferential surface of the claw-shaped magnetic pole portion on the side of the rotation direction is larger.

2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The inter-pole portions where the permanent magnets are disposed and the inter-pole portions where the permanent magnets are not disposed are alternately disposed in the rotation direction.

3. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cooling fan is provided with a notch portion on an axial side of an inter-pole portion where the permanent magnet is not disposed.

4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outermost diameter of the cooling fan is smaller than a gap between magnetic poles into which the permanent magnet is inserted.

5. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power supply unit is cooled by the liquid refrigerant supplied to the liquid refrigerant pipe provided in the power supply unit.

6. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, characterized in that The power supply unit is cooled by the liquid refrigerant supplied to the liquid refrigerant pipe provided in the power supply unit.

7. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 4, characterized in that The power supply unit is cooled by the liquid refrigerant supplied to the liquid refrigerant pipe provided in the power supply unit.

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