Fully rotary casing drilling rig and its drilling and excavation structure and excavation and excavation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fully rotary casing drilling rig and its drilling and excavation soil-excavating structure and excavation soil-excavating method. The fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation soil-excavating structure provided in one embodiment of the present application is arranged in the casing of the fully rotary casing drilling rig, and includes a sand scoop, a lifting assembly and a locking assembly. The sand scoop is slidingly arranged in the casing, and the lifting assembly is used to drive the sand scoop to move axially in the casing. The locking assembly is connected between the lifting assembly and the sand scoop, and can lock or unlock the relative position of the sand scoop and the casing. The fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation soil-excavating structure has a self-excavating soil function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and in particular relates to a full-rotation casing drilling rig and a drilling and soil-extracting structure and a drilling and soil-extracting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A full-rotation casing drilling rig generally refers to the use of a casing drilling rig (full-rotation drilling rig or pipe rolling machine) to apply torque and vertical load to the casing in the hole. The driving force is transmitted from the casing to the front excavation end to make the casing drill into the formation. In order to reduce or maximize the frictional resistance of the soil plug inside the casing, it is necessary to use external rotary drilling rigs and other drilling tools to remove the soil inside the casing in time. The casing drilling rig itself does not have an automatic soil extraction function, and the use of a rotary drilling rig to extract soil undoubtedly increases the drilling cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-rotation casing drilling rig with a self-soil taking function and a drilling and soil taking structure and a drilling and soil taking method thereof.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation soil extraction structure, which is arranged in the casing of the fully rotary casing drilling rig, and includes:

[0005] A sand scoop, slidably arranged in the casing;

[0006] A lifting assembly, used for driving the sand scoop to move axially in the casing;

[0007] A locking assembly, connected between the lifting assembly and the sand scoop, capable of locking or unlocking the relative position of the sand scoop and the casing;

[0008] When the sand scoop is locked, the sand scoop can be excavated downward synchronously with the casing; when the sand scoop is unlocked, the sand scoop moves axially in the casing driven by the lifting assembly.

[0009] Specifically, the locking assembly includes:

[0010] A ferrule is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a plurality of ferrules are arranged on the bottom end surface of the ferrule;

[0011] A plurality of slots are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve;

[0012] A driving member connected to the clamping block, and used to drive the clamping block to move between a first position and a second position along the radial direction of the sleeve;

[0013] When the clamping block is located at the first position, the sleeve is rotated and pressed downward to connect the clamping block to the corresponding clamping slot, thereby locking the sand scoop position;

[0014] When in the second position, the card block withdraws from the corresponding card slot.

[0015] Specifically, the driving member includes:

[0016] A connecting frame is arranged on the top of the sand scoop, and a plurality of the clamping blocks are arranged around the connecting frame;

[0017] A plurality of first connecting rods, one end of each of the first connecting rods is hinged to the connecting frame, and the other end of each of the first connecting rods is hinged to the lower portion of the corresponding clamping block;

[0018] A connecting plate, arranged above the connecting frame, for connecting with the lifting assembly;

[0019] A plurality of second connecting rods, one end of each of the second connecting rods is hinged to the connecting plate, and the other end of each of the second connecting rods is hinged to the upper portion of the corresponding clamping block.

[0020] Specifically, the lifting assembly includes:

[0021] A lifting block is arranged on the top of the connecting plate;

[0022] A lifting rope is connected to the lifting block, and the lifting rope passes through the top of the casing and is connected to the hoist.

[0023] Specifically, the locking assembly simultaneously locks or unlocks the axial and circumferential relative positions of the sand scoop and the casing. When the sand scoop is locked, the sand scoop is located inside the excavation end of the casing.

[0024] Specifically, spiral ribs are provided on the outer wall of the excavation end of the casing, and excavation teeth are provided at the bottom end.

[0025] Specifically, the sand scoop comprises:

[0026] A bucket body, wherein a top plate is provided on the top of the bucket body;

[0027] A bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the bucket body so as to be flippable and openable, and a cutting tooth is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate;

[0028] The unlocking mechanism is arranged on the bucket body and is used for controlling the flipping, opening and locking of the bottom plate.

[0029] Specifically, the bottom plate includes an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, one side of the inner bottom plate is hinged to the bucket body, and the other side is connected to the unlocking mechanism;

[0030] The inner bottom plate is provided with a soil inlet, the outer bottom plate and the middle part of the inner bottom plate are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft, the outer bottom plate can rotate around the rotating shaft to cover or expose the soil inlet, and limit blocks for limiting the rotation range of the outer bottom plate are provided on both side edges of the inner bottom plate.

[0031] Another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a fully rotary casing drill, comprising the above-mentioned fully rotary casing drill drilling and excavation structure.

[0032] Another aspect of the present application provides a method for excavating and taking soil using the above-mentioned fully rotary casing drilling rig, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Use the lifting assembly to lower the sand scoop to the bottom of the casing;

[0034] The relative positions of the sand scoop and the casing are locked by using a locking assembly;

[0035] The casing is normally pressed down for drilling, and the sand scoop is driven to drill synchronously at the same time;

[0036] After completing one drilling, the sand scoop is closed, the relative positions of the sand scoop and the casing are unlocked, and the sand scoop is lifted by a lifting assembly to release the sand;

[0037] Repeat the above steps to continue drilling.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: after the sand scoop is lowered to the bottom of the casing, it is locked in the casing by using a locking assembly, and then excavation and soil excavation can be completed together with the casing; after the sand scoop is filled with sand and soil, the locking assembly is unlocked, and the sand scoop is lifted up by using a lifting assembly to release the sand and soil, and excavation and soil excavation can be completed. Not only is the operating difficulty reduced and the operation method simple, but it can also improve the drilling efficiency and reduce the energy consumption of each soil throwing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the drilling and soil excavation structure of a fully rotary casing drilling rig provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the casing structure involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a locking assembly involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sand scoop involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Among them: 1. casing; 2. sand scoop; 201. bucket body; 202. bottom plate; 2021. inner bottom plate; 2022. outer bottom plate; 203. unlocking mechanism; 3. lifting assembly; 301. lifting block; 302. lifting rope; 4. locking assembly; 401. clamping block; 402. clamping sleeve; 403. driving member; 404. clamping slot; 4031. connecting frame; 4032. first connecting rod; 4033. connecting plate; 4034. second connecting rod; 5. spiral ribs; 6. excavation teeth; 7. cutting teeth; 8. soil inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 4The embodiment of the present invention provides a fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation soil-excavating structure, which is arranged in the casing of the fully rotary casing drilling rig, and the casing is formed by splicing multiple detachably connected casing segments. The soil-excavating structure includes a sand scoop 2, a lifting assembly 3 and a locking assembly 4. The sand scoop 2 is matched and slidably arranged in the casing 1. The lifting assembly 3 is used to drive the sand scoop 2 to move axially in the casing 1. The locking assembly 4 is connected between the lifting assembly 3 and the sand scoop 2, and can at least lock or unlock the relative position of the sand scoop 2 and the casing 1. Among them, when the sand scoop 2 is locked, the sand scoop 2 can be excavated downward synchronously with the casing 1 to achieve soil excavation; when the sand scoop 2 is unlocked, the sand scoop 2 moves axially in the casing 1 driven by the lifting assembly 3, thereby lifting the sand scoop 2 to the outside of the casing 1.

[0049] When the soil-taking structure of this embodiment takes soil, the sand scoop 2 is lowered to the bottom of the casing 1, and the locking assembly 4 is used to lock the sand scoop 2 in the casing 1; at this time, the sand scoop 2 can be excavated and taken soil together with the casing 1. When the sand scoop 2 is full of sand and soil, the sand scoop 2 is unlocked, and the sand scoop 2 is lifted up by the lifting assembly 3 to release the sand and soil, and the excavation and soil taking can be completed. Not only is the operating difficulty reduced, the operation method is simple, but also the drilling efficiency can be improved and the energy consumption of each soil throwing can be reduced.

[0050] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the locking assembly 4 includes a plurality of blocks 401, a sleeve 402 and a driving member 403. The plurality of blocks 401 are evenly distributed in the casing 1 along the circumference of the casing 1. The sleeve 402 is arranged on the inner wall of the casing 1. A plurality of slots 404 are evenly distributed on the bottom end surface of the sleeve 402 along its circumferential direction. The plurality of slots 404 are consistent in number with the number of the blocks 401 and correspond in position. The slots 404 extend along the axial direction of the sleeve 402. The driving member 403 is connected to the block 401. The driving member 403 can drive the block 401 to move between a first position and a second position in the radial direction of the casing 1. When the block 401 is in the first position, the casing 1 is rotated and pressed down to connect the block 401 to the corresponding slot 404, so that the position of the sand scoop 2 can be locked. When in the second position, the block 401 is withdrawn from the corresponding slot 404, so that the sand scoop 2 can be unlocked.

[0051] In this embodiment, the locking assembly 4 is similar to a lock that can expand or contract radially along the casing 1. When the sand scoop 2 and the casing 1 need to be locked in position, it is only necessary to use the driving member 403 to drive the block 401 to expand, and at the same time rotate and press down the casing 1, so that the block 401 can be automatically connected to the corresponding slot 404, thereby locking the position of the sand scoop 2, which is easy to operate.

[0052] See also Figure 3In other embodiments, the driving member 403 includes a connecting frame 4031, multiple first connecting rods 4032, a connecting plate 4033 and multiple second connecting rods 4034. The connecting frame 4031 is arranged on the top of the sand scoop 2, and the connecting plate 4033 is arranged above the connecting frame 4031 for connecting with the lifting assembly 3. Multiple blocks 401 are arranged around the connecting frame 4031, one end of the multiple first connecting rods 4032 is hinged to the connecting frame 4031, and the other end is hinged to the lower part of the corresponding block 401, and one end of the multiple second connecting rods 4034 is hinged to the connecting plate 4033, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the corresponding block 401.

[0053] The drive structure of this embodiment, when the sand scoop 2 is lowered to the bottom of the casing 1, the block 401 can expand radially along the casing 1 under the action of its own gravity, and insert into the corresponding slot 404 to achieve position locking. When the sand scoop 2 is lifted by the lifting assembly 3, the block 401 can shrink radially under the gravity of the lower end sand scoop 2, and automatically exit from the slot 404 to achieve unlocking; the radial movement driving force of the block 401 is gravity, so there is no need to use an additional power source, and the system reliability is high. Of course, it needs to be explained that the drive 403 can also directly use a linear drive such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a linear motor, and the cost will increase accordingly.

[0054] See also Figure 3 In other embodiments, the lifting assembly 3 includes a lifting block 301 and a lifting rope 302. A hook is provided on the top of the lifting block 301, and the bottom is directly fixed to the top center of the connecting plate 4033. One end of the lifting rope 302 is fixedly connected to the hook on the lifting block 301, and the other end passes through the top of the casing 1 and is connected to the hoist; wherein the hoist can adopt a winch or other mechanism, and the lifting rope 302 needs to have sufficient tensile strength, and a steel wire rope can be adopted.

[0055] In the actual design, in order to prevent the sand scoop 2 from rotating circumferentially relative to the casing 1 during the excavation of the casing 1, causing the lifting rope 302 to automatically twist and unable to lift the rope, the locking assembly 4 can simultaneously lock or unlock the axial and circumferential relative positions of the sand scoop 2 and the casing 1, that is, when the position of the sand scoop 2 is locked, the sand scoop 2 cannot move axially or rotate circumferentially relative to the casing 1.

[0056] Specifically, when the relative positions of the sand scoop 2 and the casing 1 are locked, the sand scoop 2 is located inside the excavation end of the casing 1 and a set distance is left between the sand scoop 2 and the bottom end of the casing 1. When the casing 1 is drilled downward normally, the sand scoop 2 drills inside the casing 1 and does not protrude from the casing 1.

[0057] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In other embodiments, spiral ribs 5 are provided on the outer wall of the excavation end of the casing 1, and excavation teeth 6 are provided at the bottom end. By welding the spiral ribs 5 on the outer periphery of the casing 1 so that its outer diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper casing 1, the friction force of the upper casing 1 during drilling can be reduced.

[0058] See also Figure 4 In other embodiments, the sand scoop 2 includes a scoop body 201, a bottom plate 202 and an unlocking mechanism 203. The top of the scoop body 201 is provided with a top plate, and the bottom of the scoop body 201 is provided with a bottom plate 202. The bottom plate 202 can be flipped open relative to the scoop body 201. A pick 7 is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 202. The unlocking mechanism 203 is arranged on the scoop body 201, and can control the opening and closing of the bottom plate 202. When the sand scoop 2 is full of sand and soil and needs to be unloaded, the unlocking mechanism 203 is used to drive the bottom plate 202 to flip open, and the sand and soil can be unloaded from the bottom of the scoop body 201. After the sand and soil are unloaded, the unlocking mechanism 203 drives the bottom plate 202 to flip and close, and the sand scoop 2 can scoop sand and store soil again. As for the specific structure of the unlocking mechanism 203, it is all existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0059] See also Figure 4 In other embodiments, the bottom plate 202 includes an inner bottom plate 2021 and an outer bottom plate 2022, one side of the inner bottom plate 2021 is hinged to the bucket body 201, and the other side is connected to the unlocking mechanism 203, the inner bottom plate 2021 is provided with a soil inlet 8, the outer bottom plate 2022 and the middle part of the inner bottom plate 2021 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, the outer bottom plate 2022 can rotate around the rotating shaft to cover or expose the soil inlet 8, and limit blocks for limiting the rotation range of the outer bottom plate 2022 are provided on both sides of the inner bottom plate 2021.

[0060] In this embodiment, after the positions of the sand scoop 2 and the casing 1 are locked, the casing 1 drives the sand scoop 2 to rotate synchronously; at this time, the outer bottom plate 2022 rotates around the middle rotation axis under the action of friction, and is limited by the limit block to open the soil inlet 8. The sand and soil during the excavation process can enter the bucket body 201 from the soil inlet 8 for storage. When it is necessary to unload the soil, it is only necessary to rotate the casing 1 in the opposite direction to drive the outer bottom plate 2022 to rotate in the opposite direction to cover the soil inlet 8 again, and then lift the sand scoop 2 to release the sand and soil.

[0061] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also provides a full-rotation casing drill using the excavation and soil extraction structure of the above embodiment. Since the full-rotation casing drill of the present application uses the excavation and soil extraction structure of the above embodiment, it at least has the beneficial effects of the excavation and soil extraction structure of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 Another aspect of the present application embodiment provides a method for excavating and taking soil, comprising the following steps:

[0063] The sand scoop 2 is lowered by the lifting rope 302, and the clamping block 401 is retracted to the second position under the action of gravity. When the sand scoop 2 is placed at the bottom of the casing 1, the clamping block 401 is moved outward to the first position under the action of the connecting plate 4033 and its own gravity.

[0064] The sleeve 1 is slowly pressed down and rotated at the same time to fit the buckle into the corresponding slot 404;

[0065] The casing 1 is normally pressed down for drilling, and the sand scoop 2 is driven to drill synchronously at the same time. The sand scoop 2 is drilled inside the casing 1 and does not protrude;

[0066] After completing one drilling, reverse one circle, close the sand scoop 2, lift the casing 1 for a distance, retract the clamping block 401 and withdraw it from the clamping slot 404, and then lift the sand scoop 2 by the lifting rope 302 to release the sand;

[0067] Repeat the above steps to continue drilling.

[0068] Unless otherwise stated, any technical solution disclosed in the present invention disclosed above, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any technician in the field should understand that the preferred numerical range is only a numerical value with a more obvious technical effect or representative value among many implementable numerical values. Since there are too many numerical values ​​to be exhaustive, the present invention discloses some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and the numerical values ​​listed above should not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connected by bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by one-piece molding using a casting process) (except when it is obviously impossible to use an one-piece molding process).

[0070] In addition, the terms used in any technical solution disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar, similar or close to them unless otherwise stated. Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from multiple separate components or may be a separate component manufactured by an integrated molding process.

[0071] The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and excavation structure of a fully rotary casing drilling rig is arranged in the casing of the fully rotary casing drilling rig, and is characterized in that: include: A sand scoop (2) is slidably arranged in the casing (1); the sand scoop (2) comprises a scoop body (201), a bottom plate (202), and an unlocking mechanism (203); A lifting assembly (3) for driving the sand scoop (2) to move axially within the casing (1); A locking assembly (4) connected between the lifting assembly (3) and the sand scoop (2), capable of locking or unlocking the relative position of the sand scoop (2) and the casing (1); When the sand scoop (2) is locked, the sand scoop (2) can be excavated downward synchronously with the casing (1); when the sand scoop (2) is unlocked, the sand scoop (2) moves axially in the casing (1) driven by the lifting assembly (3); The locking assembly (4) comprises: A plurality of clamping blocks (401) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve (1); A ferrule (402) is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (1), and a plurality of ferrules (404) are arranged on the bottom end surface of the ferrule (402); A driving member (403) connected to the clamping block (401) and used for driving the clamping block (401) to move between a first position and a second position in a radial direction of the sleeve (1); When the clamping block (401) is located at the first position, the sleeve (1) is rotated and pressed downward to connect the clamping block (401) to the corresponding clamping slot, thereby achieving the position locking of the sand scoop (2); When in the second position, the card block (401) withdraws from the corresponding card slot (404); The outer wall of the excavation end of the casing (1) is provided with spiral ribs (5), and the bottom end is provided with excavation teeth (6); The bottom plate (202) comprises an inner bottom plate (2021) and an outer bottom plate (2022); one side of the inner bottom plate (2021) is hinged to the bucket body (201), and the other side is connected to the unlocking mechanism (203); The inner bottom plate (2021) is provided with a soil inlet (8); the outer bottom plate (2022) and the middle portion of the inner bottom plate (2021) are rotatably connected via a rotation axis; the outer bottom plate (2022) can rotate around the rotation axis to cover or expose the soil inlet (8); and limit blocks for limiting the rotation range of the outer bottom plate (2022) are provided on both side edges of the inner bottom plate (2021).

2. The fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving member (403) comprises: A connecting frame (4031) is arranged on the top of the sand scoop (2), and a plurality of the clamping blocks (401) are arranged around the connecting frame (4031); A plurality of first connecting rods (4032), one end of each of the plurality of first connecting rods (4032) being hinged to the connecting frame (4031), and the other end of each of the plurality of first connecting rods (4032) being hinged to the lower portion of the corresponding clamping block (401); A connecting plate (4033) is arranged above the connecting frame (4031) and is used for connecting with the lifting assembly (3); A plurality of second connecting rods (4034), one end of each of the plurality of second connecting rods (4034) is hinged to the connecting plate (4033), and the other end of each of the plurality of second connecting rods (4034) is hinged to the upper portion of the corresponding clamping block (401).

3. The drilling and excavation structure of the fully rotary casing drilling rig according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lifting assembly (3) comprises: A lifting block (301) is arranged on the top of the connecting plate (4033); A lifting rope (302) is connected to the lifting block (301), and the lifting rope (302) passes through the top of the casing (1) and is connected to the hoist.

4. The fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly (4) simultaneously locks or unlocks the axial and circumferential relative positions of the sand scoop (2) and the casing (1).

5. The fully rotary casing drilling rig drilling and excavation structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sand scoop (2) comprises: A bucket body (201), wherein a top plate is provided at the top of the bucket body (201); A bottom plate (202) is arranged at the bottom of the bucket body (201) so as to be flippable and openable, and a pick (7) is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate (202); An unlocking mechanism (203) is arranged on the bucket body (201) and is used to control the flipping, opening and locking of the bottom plate (202).

6. A fully rotary casing drilling rig, characterized in that: It comprises the drilling and excavation structure of the fully rotary casing drilling rig as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. A method for excavating and taking soil using a fully rotary casing drill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Using a lifting assembly (3) to lower the sand scoop (2) to the bottom of the casing (1); The relative positions of the sand scoop (2) and the casing (1) are locked using a locking assembly (4); The casing (1) is pressed down normally for drilling, and at the same time drives the sand scoop (2) to drill synchronously; After completing one drilling, the sand scoop (2) is closed, the relative position of the sand scoop (2) and the casing (1) is unlocked, and the sand scoop (2) is lifted by the lifting assembly (3) to release the sand; Repeat the above steps to continue drilling.

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