A vacuum saturation device

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of geotechnical specimen testing, and provides a vacuum saturation device, which includes: an upper cavity, the bottom of which is an open structure and the upper part of which is provided with a first valve; a lower saturation cylinder, the top of which is an open structure and the second valve; a partition, which is detachably placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, and is provided with a through hole; a support base, which is a hollow structure inside, a filter structure is provided on the top, and the support base is sealed and connected with the through hole for the installation of the specimen; wherein, airless water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the top of the saturator, and the interior of the upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve; the interior of the lower saturation cylinder is evacuated through the second valve to form a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa, and the airless water penetrates the specimen inside the saturator through the pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, so that the specimen is saturated. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, and high saturation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical sample testing, and in particular relates to a vacuum saturation device. Background Art

[0002] Soil is a product of nature. It is a sediment or other unconsolidated aggregate of particles formed by the physical and chemical decomposition of rocks on the earth's surface. The pores of soil are filled with water or air, and the process of soil pores gradually being filled with water is called saturation. In indoor geotechnical tests, the degree of soil saturation has a great influence on the subsequent triaxial compression test of saturated soil.

[0003] During the preparation of the triaxial compression test specimen, it is necessary to saturate the specimen with air. The existing vacuum saturation device is mainly composed of a vacuum pump, a vacuum cylinder and a plexiglass cover. The sample needs to be left to stand for 24 hours to saturate the specimen with air saturation. After saturation, the saturation cannot meet the requirements of the triaxial compression test of saturated soil. The saturation of the specimen saturated by the air saturation method cannot meet the requirements of the test to a certain extent, and the saturation time is also relatively long. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a vacuum saturation device, aiming to solve the problems of low saturation efficiency and low saturation degree.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a vacuum saturation device, the vacuum saturation device comprising:

[0006] The upper cavity has an open bottom and a first valve disposed on the upper part;

[0007] A lower saturation cylinder having an open top and a second valve at the bottom;

[0008] A partition plate is detachably placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder and is provided with a through hole;

[0009] The support base has a hollow structure inside and a filter structure is arranged on the top. The support base is sealed and connected to the through hole for installing the sample.

[0010] Among them, air-free water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the saturator, and the interior of the upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve; the interior of the lower saturation cylinder is evacuated through the second valve to form a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa, and the pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder is used to make the air-free water penetrate into the sample inside the saturator to saturate the sample.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present invention, the saturator is combined, and the test sample is made inside the saturator. The filter structure corresponding to the support base is combined with the saturator seal, and the partition is placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, and fixedly combined. At this time, the saturator is above the partition, and airless water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the top of the saturator. The upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve; the lower saturation cylinder is evacuated through the second valve to form a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, which is conducive to the separation of air from the sample pores, so that more airless water can fill the sample pores, thereby improving the saturation of the sample. After the sample is saturated, the airless water enters the lower saturation cylinder through the through hole, which is convenient for observing whether the sample is fully saturated. Under the joint action of pressure difference and gravity, water quickly and fully penetrates the sample, which solves the problems of low efficiency and low saturation in the sample making process in the past, improves the saturation of the sample, shortens the time of saturation, and is simple to operate, without technical requirements for operators. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and high saturation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 An internal structure diagram of a vacuum saturation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a lower saturation cylinder in a vacuum saturation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a partition in a vacuum saturation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a diaphragm fixing knob and a saturator fixing knob in a vacuum saturation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a support base in a vacuum saturation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a plexiglass cover in a vacuum saturation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] In the attached drawings: lower saturation cylinder 1, partition 2, cylinder pull rod 3, cylinder fixing knob 4, upper saturation cylinder 5, support base 6, lower bottom plate 7, inner pull rod 8, saturator 9, tightening hoop 10, upper bottom plate 11, saturator fixing knob 12, plexiglass cover 13, first valve 14, second valve 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural diagram of a vacuum saturation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0022] The upper cavity has an open bottom and a first valve disposed on the upper part;

[0023] A lower saturation cylinder having an open top and a second valve at the bottom;

[0024] A partition plate is detachably placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder and is provided with a through hole;

[0025] The support base has a hollow structure inside and a filter structure is arranged on the top. The support base is sealed and connected to the through hole for installing the sample.

[0026] Among them, air-free water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the saturator, and the interior of the upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve; the interior of the lower saturation cylinder is evacuated through the second valve to form a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa, and the pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder is used to make the air-free water penetrate into the sample inside the saturator to saturate the sample.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sample is placed inside the saturator 9, and the sample and the air-free water are fully mixed, and the support base 6 is combined, the filter structure corresponding to the support base 6 is combined with the through-hole seal, and the partition 2 is placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, and fixedly combined. At this time, the saturator 9 is above the partition 2, and air-free water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the top of the saturator, and the interior of the upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve 14; a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa is formed inside the lower saturation cylinder through the second valve 15. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, so that the air-free water passes through the sample through the through hole and enters the lower saturation cylinder. The air-free water is easy to pass through the sample under high pressure. There is a pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, which is conducive to separating air from the sample pores, so that more air-free water can fill the sample pores, thereby improving the saturation of the sample. After the sample is saturated, the air-free water enters the lower saturation cylinder through the through hole. Through this phenomenon, it is easy to observe whether the sample is fully saturated. In one example of the present invention, the upper cavity, the lower saturated cylinder, the support bottom plate and the partition 2 are assembleable structures, so as to facilitate the placement of the sample, the implantation of the support base and the assembly of the sealed space, which is more convenient and quick. The assembled upper cavity and the lower saturated cylinder are relatively sealed, avoiding the problem of positive and negative pressure leakage caused by air leakage. A sealing gasket can be provided between the upper cavity, the lower saturated cylinder and the partition 2 to ensure the sealing of the connection. The first valve 14 can be provided at the top of the upper cavity to facilitate pressurization. The second valve 15 can be provided on the side wall of the lower saturated cylinder. The first valve 14 and the second valve 15 are prior art and are not described here. The upper cavity and the lower saturated cylinder can both be set as a barrel-shaped structure. The partition 2 is a circular ring as a whole. The circular ring specification is φ300mm*57.5mm and the thickness is 20mm. The top circular ring specification is φ280mm*57.5mm and the thickness is 5mm. The first valve 14 is 55 mm away from the edge of the organic glass cover 13. The bottom of the first valve 14 is an equilateral hexagonal prism with a specification of R10 mm and a height of 10 mm. The upper part is a hollow cylinder with threads with a specification of φ10 mm and a height of 15 mm.

[0028] like Figure 2 , 4As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of supports are fixedly connected at the edge of the partition 2 and the lower saturated cylinder body, each support is equipped with a cylinder body pull rod 3, and a card slot is set at the corresponding position of the edge of the organic glass cover 13. The partition fixing knob 4 cooperates with the inner pull rod 8 to squeeze the card slot and the support, thereby completing the connection between the partition 2, the upper cavity 5, the lower saturated cylinder body 1 and the top cover 13, so that the connection is convenient and fast, and one connection and two connections and one connection and three connections are realized. The support is connected to the outer edge of the partition 2, the total width of the support is 30mm, the length is 30mm, the support is open to the outside to form a groove, the width of the groove on both sides is 10mm, the middle width is 10mm, the support thickness is 20mm, the depth inward is 8mm, and the groove is connected on both sides with a semicircle, and the semicircle specification is φ10mm. The card slot structure is similar to the support and will not be described here. The lower saturated cylinder body 1 is a barrel-shaped structure, which can be made of transparent materials such as organic glass. The second valve 15 is arranged on its side wall. The partition 2 is 130mm away from the bottom of the lower saturated cylinder body 1, and the organic glass cover is 250mm away from the bottom of the partition. There is an inflation valve on it, which is 55mm away from the edge. Four or three supports and card slots can be set, which will not be repeated here. The partition 2, the organic glass cover 13 and the partition 2 and the lower saturated cylinder body 1 can be connected separately, or they can be connected as a whole. The organic glass cover 13 can clearly observe the internal state of the structure and increase the mechanical strength at the same time.

[0029] like Figure 3 , 6 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saturator 9 includes a soil sample cylinder, a lower bottom plate 7 and an upper bottom plate 11, and the two ends of the saturator 9 are through structures, and the lower bottom plate 7 and the upper bottom plate 11 are provided with filtering structures inside, wherein the lower bottom plate 7 is connected with the through hole, and under the pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, the airless water passes through the upper bottom plate 11 and the soil sample cylinder, and then enters the lower saturation cylinder, so that the airless water can fully penetrate into the sample pores. The saturator 9 is cylindrical. The lower base plate 7 and the upper base plate 11 are stepped circular ring structures with a total height of 38mm and an upper height of 21mm. The circular ring specifications are φ80mm*67mm, the middle circular ring specifications are φ80mm*48mm, the thickness is 7mm, the lower circular ring specifications are φ80mm*57.5mm, and the height is 10mm, so as to facilitate the bearing of the saturator 9. The first support is connected to the lower base plate 7, and the connection is a small section of circular arc with a specification of φ3.6mm, a width of 20mm, and a length of 16mm. The corner is a small section of circular arc with a specification of φ3mm. The support is a groove facing outward, and the width of both sides of the groove is 6.5mm, the middle width is 7mm, and the inward depth is 7mm. The two sides are connected with a semicircle with a specification of φ7mm. The overall height of the support is 15mm.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, three supports are arranged at the edge of the lower base plate 7, three fixed supports are connected to the corresponding positions of the edge of the upper base plate 11, the inner pull rod 8 is connected to the first support through a rotating shaft, the inner pull rod 8 passes through the fixed support and the end of the inner pull rod 8 is provided with a thread and matched with a fixed knob 12, thereby completing the fixation of the lower base plate 7, the saturator 9 and the upper base plate 11. The specification of the rotating shaft of the inner pull rod 8 is φ2mm, the length is 20mm, and the total length of the inner pull rod 8 is 150mm. The saturator 9 is composed of three shell pieces, and when placed, the bottom is facing upward, the outer diameter specification is φ67mm, the inner diameter specification is φ65mm, and the height of the saturator 9 is 111mm. The total height of the upper base plate 11 is 38mm, the upper ring size is φ80mm*67mm, the height is 21mm, the lower ring size is φ67mm*48mm, the height from the bottom is 3mm, the lower base plate 7 support is connected to the upper base plate 11 fixed support, the connection is a small section of the arc size φ3.6mm, the width is 20mm, the length is 16mm, the corner is a small section of the arc size φ3mm, the fixed support is a groove outside, the groove is 6.5mm wide on both sides, the middle width is 7mm, the depth is 7mm, the two sides are connected with a semicircle, the semicircle size is φ7mm, and the overall height of the fixed support is 15mm. The saturator fixed knob 12 ring size is φ11mm*5mm, the height is 3mm.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saturator 9 filtering structure includes permeable stone and filter paper. The permeable stone is provided in two pieces and clamped on the two sides of the filter paper, thereby forming a filtering structure to ensure filtering strength and filtering performance.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tight hoop 10 is provided on the outside of the saturator 9 , and the soil sample tube is fixed by the tight hoop 10 , thereby ensuring the integrity of the sample in the saturator 9 .

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saturator 9 is connected to the through hole through the support base 6, thereby realizing the detachable connection of the saturator. The connection is convenient and quick. The soil sample saturator is sleeved on the top of the support base 6, and the lower part of the support base 6 is sleeved inside the through hole.

[0034] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific operation steps are as follows: the operator assembles the saturator 9 and puts on the tight hoop 10;

[0035] The operator prepares the initial disturbed soil sample, places permeable stone and filter paper on the upper bottom plate 11 and the lower bottom plate 7, and places the filter paper on the side close to the soil sample tube, assembles the lower bottom plate 7, the soil sample tube and the upper bottom plate 11, and tightens the saturator fixing knob 12; tightens the support base 6 and the saturator 9 through threads; assembles the partition 2, the lower saturation cylinder body and the upper cavity, inserts the partition rod 3 and tightens the partition fixing knob 4; injects water into the upper cavity to submerge the saturator by 5cm to 7cm; then inputs air into the upper cavity to increase the pressure, and closes the first valve 14; the second valve 15 is connected to the vacuum pump, and a vacuum treatment is performed, that is, when a negative standard atmospheric pressure is formed in the lower saturation cylinder body, the timing starts;

[0036] After a certain time, close the second valve 15 and the vacuum pump exhaust switch, cut off the power supply, and let it stand for several hours to complete the saturated sampling.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum saturation device, characterized in that: The vacuum saturation device comprises: The upper cavity has an open bottom and a first valve disposed on the upper part; A lower saturation cylinder having an open top and a second valve at the bottom; A partition plate is detachably placed between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder and is provided with a through hole; The support base has a hollow structure inside and a filter structure is arranged on the top. The support base is sealed and connected to the through hole for installing the sample. Among them, airless water is injected into the interior of the upper cavity and overflows the saturator, and the interior of the upper cavity is pressurized through the first valve; the interior of the lower saturation cylinder is evacuated through the second valve to form a negative pressure state of 0.1Mpa, and the pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder is used to make the airless water penetrate into the sample inside the saturator to saturate the sample. The upper cavity, the lower saturation cylinder, the supporting base and the partition are assemblable structures. The saturator includes a soil sample tube, a lower bottom plate and an upper bottom plate. The two ends of the saturator are through structures. The interior of the lower bottom plate and the upper bottom plate is provided with a saturator filter structure, wherein the lower bottom plate is connected to the through hole, and the saturator filter structure includes a permeable stone and filter paper. The permeable stone is provided in two pieces and clamped on both sides of the filter paper.

2. A vacuum saturation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cavity comprises an upper saturated cylinder and an organic glass cover, and the upper saturated cylinder and the organic glass cover are detachably combined and connected.

3. A vacuum saturation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower saturated cylinder is made of transparent material, and a plurality of supports are fixedly connected to the edge of the upper part thereof, each support is provided with a cylinder pull rod, and a card slot is provided at a corresponding position of the edge of the organic glass cover, and the card slot and the support are squeezed by the cooperation of the cylinder fixing knob and the cylinder pull rod.

4. A vacuum saturation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The interior of the support base is a hollow structure and is sealed and connected to the saturator and the partition.

5. A vacuum saturation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition can be disassembled and assembled with the upper cavity and the lower saturation cylinder, and a through hole is provided in the middle for connecting the support base and installing the saturator.

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