A slag discharging device and method for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of slag discharging equipment, and specifically relates to a slag discharging equipment and method for waste heat recovery of a garbage fly ash plasma furnace, comprising a precooling table, a cold slag pool, a slag conveying device and a frame, wherein the precooling table is rotatably connected to the frame, and the precooling table is connected to a driving mechanism, and the precooling table is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism; a sealing cover is fixed above the precooling table, and the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the precooling table, and a scraper is arranged inside the sealing cover, and the cold slag pool is located below the precooling table and fixedly connected to the frame; the slag conveying device is fixedly connected to the cold slag pool, and the material inside the cold slag pool can be discharged or discharged to the precooling table through the slag conveying device; the slag on the precooling table is scraped into the cold slag pool by a scraper, and a slag inlet is arranged on the sealing cover. While the melt is cooling, the equipment prevents the high-temperature melt from solidifying on the equipment, and can realize continuous slag discharging and cooling, and the cooling temperature is controllable, and it has the advantages of waste heat recovery device, low energy consumption, and low water consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slag discharging equipment, and in particular relates to a slag discharging equipment and method for waste heat recovery in a garbage fly ash plasma furnace. Background Art

[0002] Domestic waste incineration technology has developed rapidly in the past two years due to its advantages such as fast processing speed, easy pollution prevention and control, high technical reliability, and easy project implementation. As of 2018, waste incineration accounted for more than 30% of the "2018 China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook". The rapid development of waste incineration has led to a large amount of waste fly ash in the past two years. Since waste fly ash contains a lot of heavy metals, dioxins and other toxic and corrosive substances, the harmless disposal of waste fly ash has become one of the difficulties in domestic waste incineration technology.

[0003] The high-temperature plasma furnace treats waste incineration fly ash by utilizing the advantages of high temperature, high energy density, and low oxidation atmosphere of the plasma torch to generate a high temperature of 1600°C in the furnace, so that the toxic substances in the waste incineration fly ash are completely decomposed and gasified into combustible synthesis gas, and the inorganic substances are melted into glassy substances at high temperature and recycled. The high-temperature plasma furnace is currently the best way to treat waste incineration fly ash with its advantages of complete harmless treatment and resource utilization. However, in order to ensure continuous discharging, the bottom ash temperature must be maintained above 1200°C. Therefore, it is particularly important to design a continuous and stable high-temperature slag discharge system that can both recover its heat and ensure no blockage.

[0004] Some plasma furnace high-temperature slag discharge equipment are disclosed in existing patent documents, such as: a method and a plasma furnace for plasma-enhanced cracking of organic waste disclosed in patent application number CN200310113485.7; a plasma device for treating medical waste disclosed in patent application number CN201811325471.4; a plasma device for treating oil sludge disclosed in patent application number CN201811325676. The above-mentioned devices all use the method of directly discharging the slag liquid into a water cooling pool. This method of cooling the slag consumes a lot of water and the cooling speed cannot be controlled.

[0005] Patent application number CN202011388864.7 discloses a continuous slag discharge device and a continuous slag discharge method for a plasma furnace that can continuously discharge materials. This scheme can achieve the requirements of continuous slag discharge to a certain extent; this scheme has no pre-cooling section and waste heat recovery device, and directly puts the molten body into the cooling liquid, and there is still a problem of high water consumption. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a slag discharging device and method for waste heat recovery in a garbage fly ash plasma furnace, which can achieve continuous slag discharging and reduce energy consumption.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A slag discharging device for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery, comprising a precooling table, a cold slag pool, a slag material conveying device and a frame, wherein the precooling table is rotatably connected to the frame, and the precooling table is connected to a driving mechanism, and the precooling table is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism;

[0009] A sealing cover is fixed above the precooling table, and the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the precooling table. A scraper is arranged inside the sealing cover. The cold slag pool is located below the precooling table and is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0010] The slag conveying device is fixedly connected to the cold slag pool, and one end of the slag conveying device can extend through the pre-cooling table, and the material inside the cold slag pool can be discharged or discharged to the pre-cooling table through the slag conveying device;

[0011] The slag on the pre-cooling table is scraped into the cold slag pool by a scraper, and a slag inlet is arranged on the sealing cover.

[0012] The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a transmission mechanism. The driving motor is connected to the pre-cooling table through the transmission mechanism, and the pre-cooling table is connected to the frame through a second bearing.

[0013] The transmission mechanism adopts a chain transmission mechanism, and corresponding chain teeth are arranged outside the pre-cooling table.

[0014] The slag conveying device is provided with a discharging device, and the slag on the slag conveying device is discharged to the pre-cooling table through the discharging device.

[0015] The discharging device is a control valve arranged on the slag conveying device; the slag conveying device adopts a spiral lifting device or a chain scraper.

[0016] The sealing cover is provided with a steam release port, a lifting lug and a water filling port.

[0017] The cold slag pool is a hollow structure, and is provided with a water outlet and a water return port which are connected with the hollow structure.

[0018] The sealing cover is provided with a material cutting device.

[0019] A slag removal method,

[0020] A part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged to the pre-cooling table through the slag conveying device, and a cold slag bottom material protective layer is formed on the upper surface of the pre-cooling table; another part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged through the slag conveying device;

[0021] The high-temperature molten body in the garbage fly ash plasma furnace is discharged to the cold slag bottom material protective layer through the slag inlet on the sealing cover for preliminary cooling. The molten body after preliminary cooling is pushed into the cold slag pool by the scraper for further cooling.

[0022] During initial cooling, the pre-cooling table is in a rotating state.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] Part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged to the pre-cooling table through the slag conveying device, and a cold slag bottom material protective layer is formed on the upper surface of the pre-cooling table. The melt can be initially cooled on the cooling table and then discharged into the water of the cold slag pool for water cooling; therefore, through this structural setting, it can not only prevent the high-temperature melt from solidifying on the equipment, but also realize continuous slag cooling. It also has the advantages of low energy consumption and low water consumption.

[0025] A cutting device is provided, by which the substantially cooled melt can be cut into small pieces.

[0026] The cold slag pool is a hollow structure, and is provided with a water outlet and a water return port connected with the hollow structure; that is, waste heat recovery can be achieved and the function of protecting the equipment can be played. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the control valve of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0031] Among them: 1 is a pre-cooling table, 2 is a first bearing, 3 is a sealing cover, 4 is a steam release port, 5 is a lifting lug, 6 is a water inlet, 7 is a slag inlet, 8 is a slag conveying device, 9 is hot slag, 10 is cold slag, 11 is a water outlet, 12 is a hollow structure, 13 is a water return port, 14 is a cold slag pool, 15 is a scraper, 16 is a control valve, 17 is a cutting device, 18 is a second bearing, 19 is a driving motor, 20 is a transmission mechanism, and 21 is a frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a slag discharging device for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery includes a precooling table 1, a cold slag pool 14, a slag material conveying device 8 and a frame 21, the precooling table 1 is rotatably connected to the frame 21, and the precooling table 1 is connected to a driving mechanism, and the precooling table 1 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism;

[0034] A sealing cover 3 is fixed above the precooling table 1, and the sealing cover 3 is rotatably connected to the precooling table 1. A scraper 15 is arranged inside the sealing cover 3. The cold slag pool 14 is located below the precooling table 1 and is fixedly connected to the frame 21.

[0035] The slag conveying device 8 is fixedly connected to the cold slag pool 14. One end of the slag conveying device 8 can extend through the pre-cooling table 1. The material inside the cold slag pool 14 can be discharged or discharged onto the pre-cooling table 1 through the slag conveying device 8; the slag on the pre-cooling table 1 is scraped into the cold slag pool 14 through the scraper 15, and a slag inlet 7 is provided on the sealing cover 3.

[0036] When in use, the slag conveying device 8 conveys and transfers the cooled slag with a temperature of less than 100°C from the cold slag pool 14, and discharges it onto the pre-cooling table 1, so that a layer of cold slag 10 is formed on the pre-cooling table 1 to protect the equipment and prevent the high-temperature molten body from solidifying on the equipment; the high-temperature molten body (hot slag 9) in the garbage fly ash plasma furnace is discharged onto the cold slag 10 of the pre-cooling table 1 through the slag inlet 7.

[0037] The pre-cooling table 1 is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, and the rotation speed is determined by the cooling temperature and the slag discharge amount; when it reaches the scraper 15, the slag (after preliminary cooling) on ​​the pre-cooling table 1 is scraped into the cold slag pool 14 by the scraper 15, and then further cooled by the water (coolant) in the cold slag pool 14; after cooling, it is discharged through the slag conveying device 8 and can be discharged into the slag transport vehicle.

[0038] Therefore, the operation mode of the equipment is to spread a layer of cooled wet slag (cold slag) on ​​the pre-cooling table 1 of the equipment, which plays a role in cooling and preventing the high-temperature melt from solidifying on the equipment and protecting the equipment. Then the high-temperature molten slag flowing out of the plasma furnace falls onto the wet slag through the slag inlet 7. As the main body of the equipment rotates, the melt is continuously cooled, and then rotates to the scraper 15. The scraper 15 is used to scrape the slag into the water for cooling. After cooling, the slag is lifted up by the slag conveying device 8, and a slag spreading device is used to evenly spread a layer of cooled slag on the cooling table. The rest is directly discharged, and this cycle is continued to ensure continuous operation.

[0039] Specifically, as for how to fix the sealing cover, it can be fixed to the frame 21, fixed to the wall, or fixed by suspension. No matter which method is used, as long as it can be fixed above the pre-cooling table 1. The sealing cover 3 and the pre-cooling table 1 can be rotatably connected through the first bearing 2; the first bearing is preferably a plane bearing.

[0040] When the pre-cooling table 1 is rotated, the cold slag pool 14 and the sealing cover 3 are both in a stationary (fixed) state.

[0041] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 19 and a transmission mechanism 20. The driving motor 19 is connected to the precooling table 1 through the transmission mechanism 20, and the precooling table 1 is connected to the frame 21 through the second bearing 18. The housing of the driving motor 19 is fixed on the frame 21, and the precooling table 1 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 19. The driving motor 19 can adopt a variable frequency motor, and the rotation speed is determined by the slag discharge temperature and the slag discharge amount.

[0042] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism 20 adopts a chain transmission mechanism, and the pre-cooling table 1 is provided with corresponding sprockets outside. The sprocket in the chain transmission is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 19, and the sprocket and the sprocket are connected by a chain.

[0043] Of course, the transmission mechanism 20 may also be other common transmission mechanisms such as a gear transmission mechanism.

[0044] Furthermore, the slag conveying device 8 is provided with a discharging device, through which the slag on the slag conveying device 8 is discharged onto the pre-cooling table 1 .

[0045] Further, if Figure 3 As shown, the discharge device is a control valve 16 arranged on the slag conveying device 8; the slag conveying device 8 adopts a spiral lifting device or a chain scraper.

[0046] By opening the control valve 16, the slag on the slag conveying device 8 can fall onto the pre-cooling table 1; when the control valve 16 is closed, the slag on the slag conveying device 8 can be discharged from one end thereof.

[0047] Specifically: the control valve 16 can adopt a common gate valve, etc. Taking the chain scraper conveyor as an example, the control valve 16 is set on its chute (the chute is provided with corresponding connecting holes). When it is closed, the material can be discharged through one end of the chain scraper conveyor. When it is opened, the material will leak down through the control valve to the pre-cooling table 1.

[0048] Of course, those skilled in the art may also adopt other structures instead, such as setting a movable baffle on the chute, the baffle is slidably connected to the chute, and the baffle is connected to an oil cylinder, and the movement of the baffle is driven by the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder. When the baffle moves, a gap is formed between the baffle and the chute, and the material can fall onto the pre-cooling table 1 through the gap; the baffle moves in the opposite direction, fits with the chute to block the gap, and the material can be discharged through one end of the chain scraper conveyor.

[0049] Furthermore, the sealing cover 3 is provided with a steam vent 4, a lifting lug 5 and a water inlet 6. The steam generated inside can be discharged through the steam vent 4; the sealing cover 3 can be conveniently opened or fixed through the lifting lug 5, so as to facilitate the maintenance of the equipment; and the water inlet 6 can be conveniently provided to add water to the cold slag pool 14.

[0050] Furthermore, the cold slag pool 14 is a hollow structure 12, and a water outlet 11 and a water return port 13 connected to the hollow structure 12 are provided on the cold slag pool 14; cooling water is provided in the hollow structure 12, and the cooling water can be circulated through the water outlet 11 and the water return port 13 to absorb the heat generated by the cold slag pool 14, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat. Specifically, it can be connected to heat exchange equipment such as the steam-water system of a waste power plant.

[0051] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, the sealing cover 3 is provided with a cutting device 17, through which the slag material can be cut into small pieces.

[0052] The cutting device 17 can be a spiral cutting device or a mechanical cutting device commonly used in the prior art. Specifically, it can include a motor and a spiral blade, the spiral blade is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the housing of the motor is fixed on the sealing cover 3; the spiral blade is driven by the motor to rotate to achieve cutting. At the same time, the spiral blade can be rotatably connected to the sealing cover 3.

[0053] Meanwhile, a plurality of cutting devices 17 can be provided as required, and the plurality of cutting devices 17 can be arranged side by side.

[0054] A slag removal method,

[0055] A part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged to the pre-cooling table through the slag conveying device, and a cold slag bottom material protective layer is formed on the upper surface of the pre-cooling table; another part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged through the slag conveying device;

[0056] The high-temperature molten body in the garbage fly ash plasma furnace is discharged to the cold slag bottom material protective layer through the slag inlet on the sealing cover for preliminary cooling. The molten body after preliminary cooling is pushed into the cold slag pool by the scraper for further cooling.

[0057] During initial cooling, the pre-cooling table is in a rotating state.

[0058] Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and various changes should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag discharging device for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery, characterized in that: The precooling device comprises a precooling table (1), a slag cooling pool (14), a slag material conveying device (8) and a frame (21); the precooling table (1) is rotatably connected to the frame (21); the precooling table (1) is connected to a driving mechanism, and the precooling table (1) is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism; A sealing cover (3) is fixed above the precooling table (1), the sealing cover (3) is rotatably connected to the precooling table (1), a scraper (15) is provided inside the sealing cover (3), and a cold slag pool (14) is located below the precooling table (1) and is fixedly connected to the frame (21); The slag conveying device (8) is fixedly connected to the cold slag pool (14), and one end of the slag conveying device (8) can extend through the pre-cooling table (1), and the material inside the cold slag pool (14) can be discharged or discharged onto the pre-cooling table (1) through the slag conveying device (8); The slag on the pre-cooling table (1) is scraped into the cold slag pool (14) by a scraper (15), and the sealing cover (3) is provided with a slag inlet (7); The cold slag pool (14) is a hollow structure (12), and a water outlet (11) and a water return port (13) which are in communication with the hollow structure (12) are provided on the cold slag pool (14); and a material cutting device (17) is provided on the sealing cover (3).

2. The slag discharging equipment for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (19) and a transmission mechanism (20); the driving motor (19) is connected to the precooling table (1) via the transmission mechanism (20); and the precooling table (1) is connected to the frame (21) via a second bearing (18).

3. The slag discharging equipment for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (20) adopts a chain transmission mechanism, and corresponding chain teeth are arranged outside the pre-cooling table (1).

4. The slag discharging equipment for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slag conveying device (8) is provided with a discharge device, and the slag on the slag conveying device (8) is discharged onto the pre-cooling table (1) through the discharge device.

5. The slag discharging equipment for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The discharge device is a control valve (16) arranged on the slag conveying device (8); the slag conveying device (8) adopts a spiral lifting device or a chain scraper.

6. The slag discharging equipment for waste fly ash plasma furnace with waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sealing cover (3) is provided with a steam release port (4), a lifting lug (5) and a water filling port (6).

7. A slag discharging method according to the slag discharging equipment of claim 1, characterized in that: A part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged to the pre-cooling table through the slag conveying device, and a cold slag bottom material protective layer is formed on the upper surface of the pre-cooling table; another part of the material in the cold slag pool is discharged through the slag conveying device; The high-temperature molten body in the garbage fly ash plasma furnace is discharged to the cold slag bottom material protective layer through the slag inlet on the sealing cover for preliminary cooling. The molten body after preliminary cooling is pushed into the cold slag pool by the scraper for further cooling.

8. A slag discharging method according to the slag discharging equipment of claim 7, characterized in that: During initial cooling, the pre-cooling table is in a rotating state.

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