A method for automatic voltage control of power system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic voltage control of power systems, and specifically, relates to a method for automatic voltage control of power systems. Intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of power plants are defined; power plant parameters are collected according to a power system model; a set of automatic voltage control equipment for power plants is generated according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters; and a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of power plants is solved using the set of automatic voltage control equipment for power plants. By defining intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control, the present invention automatically forms a voltage curve of the control bus through the intelligent expert rules when forming a control model, and controls control signals of substations and control units for automatic control calculations and control command control; after the application of this method, the workload of manual maintenance can be reduced, and the errors in telemetry and telesignaling association in manual maintenance can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of reactive voltage control, and further improving the operational stability of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic voltage control of electric power systems, and in particular, relates to an automatic voltage control method for electric power systems. Background Art

[0002] The Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) system is an important means to achieve safe (improving voltage stability margin), economic (reducing network losses), and high-quality (improving voltage qualification rate) operation of the power grid. The AVC system is based on the power grid energy management system (EMS). It can use the real-time operation data of the power grid to scientifically decide the best reactive voltage adjustment plan from the perspective of overall optimization of the power grid, and automatically send it to the power plant and the lower-level power grid dispatching organization for execution. The AVC system takes voltage safety and quality as constraints and system operation economy as the goal, and continuously performs real-time optimization control of voltage in a closed loop, realizing a complete set of analysis, decision-making, control, and real-time tracking and control of reactive voltage such as online generation, real-time distribution, and closed-loop automatic control of reactive voltage coordination control schemes, as well as re-analysis, re-decision-making, and re-control. It can effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional power grid reactive voltage control methods and improve the level of safe, stable and economical operation of the power grid. Sun Hongbin, Zhang Boming and Guo Qinglai explained the architecture of automatic voltage control for large power grids in "Design of Global Voltage Optimization Control System Based on Soft Partitioning" (Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2003, Vol. 27, No. 8, pp. 16-20).

[0003] At present, the AVC system of the provincial power grid dispatching center adopts the coordinated secondary voltage control method (CSVC) to realize the voltage control of a regional power grid containing a power plant. The secondary control is the control strategy calculation of partition decoupling. It automatically divides the power grid into decoupled partitions, selects several central buses in each partition, and calculates the control strategy of various reactive resources in the partition including power plants for each partition to follow the optimization target of the central bus in the partition. Guo Qinglai, Sun Hongbin, and Zhang Boming proposed a coordinated secondary voltage control (CSVC) model in "Research on Coordinated Secondary Voltage Control" (Automation of Electric Power Systems, December 2005, V29N23, pp.19-24).

[0004] Sun Hongbin, Zhang Boming, and Xiang Nian De proposed a quasi-steady-state sensitivity method in "Quasi-steady-state Sensitivity Analysis Method" (Proceedings of the CSEE, April 1999, V19 N4, pp. 9-13). Different from the conventional static sensitivity analysis method, the quasi-steady-state sensitivity method takes into account the physical response of the power system in the quasi-steady state, and takes into account the total change between the new and old steady states before and after the system control, which effectively improves the accuracy of the sensitivity analysis. This method is based on the PQ decoupling model of the power system. When the generator is equipped with an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), the generator node can be considered as a PV node; and when the generator is equipped with an automatic reactive power regulation (AQR) or an automatic power factor regulation (APFR), the generator node can be considered as a PQ node, the same as the ordinary load node. In addition, the static characteristics of the load voltage are considered as the first or second curve of the node voltage. The power flow model established in this way naturally takes into account these quasi-steady-state physical responses, so that the sensitivity calculated based on the power flow model is the sensitivity of the quasi-steady state. In the provincial AVC, C g and C vg Quasi-steady-state sensitivity is adopted.

[0005] In the power system, the four remote functions refer to telemetering, telesignaling, remote control, and remote adjustment. Telemetering (telemetering information): remote measurement. Collect and transmit operating parameters, including various electrical quantities (voltage, current, power and other values ​​on the line) and load flow, etc. Telesignaling (telesignaling information): remote signal. Collect and transmit various protection and switch quantity information. Remote control (remote control information): remote control. Accept and execute remote control commands, mainly opening and closing, and remotely control some remote switch control equipment. Remote adjustment (remote adjustment information): remote adjustment. Accept and execute remote adjustment commands, and remotely debug remote control quantity equipment, such as adjusting the output power of the generator. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Based on the discovery and understanding of the following problems and facts by the present invention, in traditional automatic voltage control, an offline model maintenance form is adopted. A special tool is used to establish equipment such as a control substation, a central bus, and a control unit, and maintenance-related parameters are set and associated with related telemetry and telesignaling signals, such as the start-up and exit-shutdown of the control substation, remote local signals, remote adjustment information of the control bus, and the start-up and exit-shutdown signals of the control unit. After the model maintenance is completed, the model is imported into the control calculation for use. This process requires manual maintenance and manual specification of the four remote controls of the associated equipment, which all need to be maintained manually, and there is a certain amount of tedious workload. Moreover, some errors are inevitable in the maintenance project, such as parameter maintenance errors and signal association errors. The risk of association errors and establishment errors will affect the stability and safety of the system.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a power plant automatic voltage control method, which automatically generates control models of related control equipment through power grid models according to defined intelligent expert rules, and automatically associates four remote controls and applies them to automatic voltage control to reduce the manual maintenance work of power plant models during the automatic voltage control process.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a power plant automatic voltage control method, comprising:

[0009] Define intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of power plants;

[0010] Collect power plant parameters based on the power system model;

[0011] generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters;

[0012] The power plant automatic voltage control equipment set is used to solve a quadratic programming optimization model for the power plant automatic voltage control.

[0013] According to the power plant automatic voltage control method of an embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent expert rules for the power plant automatic voltage control include:

[0014] Intelligent rules for automatic voltage control of power plants, consisting of multiple rules RH a The composition is recorded as the intelligent rule set RH, including the voltage planning curve modeling rule, the power plant AVC substation modeling rule, the power plant control bus modeling rule and the power plant unit modeling rule. The expression of each rule is the following triple:

[0015] RH a (AppO,MCond,MConc) (1)

[0016] Among them, AppO is the application object of the rule, MCond is the composite condition, MConc is the composite result, MCond and MConc are two vectors of the same dimension, that is, when the condition MCond[a] is met, the corresponding result MConc[a] takes effect, and MConc[a] is expressed as MConc=R1,R2...R an That is, the rule result includes an elements;

[0017] in:

[0018] (a) According to the voltage level of the power plant control bus, the voltage planning curve modeling rules are defined as follows:

[0019] Set the rule application object AppO = BSCM, which means that the application object of the rule is the voltage planning curve. The compound conditions and corresponding compound results of the rule are as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, MCond m According to the voltage level V of the power plant control bus base Retrieve power plant control bus; MConc m is the corresponding set of planned curves, including the voltage upper limit V max , voltage lower limit V min , formula (2) means that when When the conditions are met, the voltage planning curve set automatically adopted in the power plant automatic voltage control model is

[0022] (b) Define the AVC substation modeling rules for controlling the power plant:

[0023] Set the rule application object AppO = PVC ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the AVC substation of the power plant. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, MCond pvc The type conditions of the power plant connected to AVC control include: TYPE1 is a conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is a conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is a wind power plant, and TYPE4 is a photovoltaic power plant;

[0026] The conclusion of a rule consists of multiple Filter elements. One element defines an information point that needs to be associated. A Filter element is defined as a triple:

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling and teleregulation; name is the associated information point type, and its value range includes: substation working status, substation operation status, whole station increaseable reactive power, whole station decreaseable reactive power and whole station total real-time reactive power, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point, which is described by regular expression, i1 is the TYPE subscript, j1 is 1 to mb, the number of defined Filter elements, p is the number of power plant types, and mb is the number of telemetry, telesignaling and teleregulation information points that the AVC substation of the power plant of this type needs to be associated with;

[0029] (c) Define the control bus modeling rules for the power plant:

[0030] Set the rule application object AppO = GBS ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the power plant control bus. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, MCond gbs The type of power plant connected to AVC control. The value range includes: TYPE1 is a conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is a conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is a wind power plant, and TYPE4 is a photovoltaic power plant; Define the association rules of the telemetering, telesignaling and teleregulation information points of the power plant control bus; type is the information point type, and the value range includes: telemetering, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name is the name of the information point associated with the power plant control bus, and the value range includes: real-time voltage value of the power plant control bus, voltage control target value, and voltage control reference value, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point; i2 is the TYPE subscript, j2 is 1 to md, the number of defined Filter elements, g is the number of power plant types, and md is the number of telemetering, telesignaling and teleregulation information points associated with the power plant of the g-th type;

[0033] (d) Define the modeling rules for the generator sets that control the power plant:

[0034] Set the rule application object AppO = GEN ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the generator set of the power plant. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, MCond gen The type of power plant connected to AVC control, including: TYPE1 is a conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is a conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is a wind power plant, and TYPE4 is a photovoltaic power plant; is an information point rule that needs to be associated with the defined generator set; type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name is the name of the associated information point, and its value range includes: lower machine status, unit reactive measurement value, unit reactive setting value, unit reactive lower limit, unit reactive upper limit, unit magnetization lock signal, unit magnetization lock signal, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point; i3 is the TYPE subscript, j3 is 1 to mt, the number of defined Filter elements, e is the number of defined power plant types, and mt is the number of information points that need to be associated with the e-th type of power plant generator set;

[0037] According to the power plant automatic voltage control method of an embodiment of the present invention, the collecting of power plant parameters according to the power system model includes:

[0038] (1) Traverse the power system model and judge the power plant in the power system model. If the current power plant is not a power plant, proceed to step (2). If the current power plant is a power plant, generate the power plant information S of the current power plant r and obtain {S} of the current power plant r from the power plant model of the power system model. r Store in data buffer W;

[0039] (2) Among the generators in the power system model, obtain the generator belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as PG = {PG k1 ,k1=1,…,n1}, n1 is the number of all generators contained in the current power plant r, and PG is stored in the data buffer area W;

[0040] (3) In the busbar of the power system model, obtain the busbar belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as BS = {BS k2 ,k2=1,…,n2}, n2 is the number of all buses contained in the current power plant r, and BS is stored in the data buffer W;

[0041] (4) In the remote signal of the power system model, obtain the remote signal belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as YX = {YX k3 ,k3=1,…,n3}, n3 is the number of all telesignals contained in the current power plant, and YX is stored in the data buffer W;

[0042] (5) In the telemetry of the power system model, obtain the telemetry belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as YC = {YC k4 ,k4=1,…,n4}, n4 is the number of all telesignals contained in the current power plant, and YC is stored in the data buffer W;

[0043] (6) In the remote regulation of the power system model, obtain the remote regulation of the current power plant r, denoted as YT = {YT k5 ,k5=1,…,n5}, n5 is the total number of remote regulation contained in the current power plant, and YT is stored in the data buffer W.

[0044] According to the power plant automatic voltage control method of an embodiment of the present invention, generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rule and the power plant parameters includes:

[0045] Define a power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc = {}, Sc includes substations, power plant control buses and control unit equipment;

[0046] (1) Traverse the power plant information S, and according to S r Generate the control substation set Pvc in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set i ={name=pvc}, according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=PVCycyx and MCond pvc Get the remote signal association rule Filter; according to the Filter, match the current power plant remote signal set YX to obtain the remote signal signal, and add the remote signal signal to Pvc i In the collection; Pvc i Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc;

[0047] (2) Traverse the generator set PG to generate the generators belonging to the power plant S r The control unit Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set j , j is the power plant S i The subscript of the generator set, sn1 is defined as S i The specific steps are as follows:

[0048] (2-1) Control unit Gen j， According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=GEN ycyx and MCond gen Automatically obtain the remote signal association rule Filter, match it in the current power plant remote signal set YX according to the Filter, obtain the remote signal signal, and add the remote signal signal to Gen j In the collection; through AppO = GEN ycyx and MCond gen Get the remote control association rule Filter, match the current power plant remote control set YT according to the Filter, get the remote control signal, and add the remote control signal to Gen j In the collection; j Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc;

[0049] (2-2) Judge j. If j is less than sn1, return to step (2-1). If j is equal to or greater than sn1, proceed to (3).

[0050] (3) Traverse the bus set BS to generate the busbars belonging to the power plant S r Power plant control bus Gbs k , k is the power plant S i The subscript of S is defined as gn2 i The specific steps for controlling the number of buses in a power plant are as follows:

[0051] (3-1) Control bus Gbs of power plant k , according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO = GBS ycyx and MCond gbsAutomatically obtain the telemetry association rule Filter, and according to the Filter, match the telemetry information of the power plant control bus in the telemetry set YC of the current power plant, and add the telemetry information to Gbs k According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO = BSCM and MCond m Obtain the rules of the defined planning curve and generate the current power plant control bus Gbs according to the rules k The planning curve Gbs k-bscm , and the planning curve Gbs k-bscm Join Gbs k In the collection; Gbs k Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc;

[0052] (3-2) Judge j. If j is less than gn2, return to (3-1). If j is equal to or greater than gn2, execute (4).

[0053] According to the power plant automatic voltage control method of an embodiment of the present invention, the use of the power plant automatic voltage control parameters to solve a quadratic programming optimization model for the power plant automatic voltage control includes:

[0054] (1) A quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of power plants is established. The objective function expression of the quadratic programming optimization model is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, V p Indicates the current voltage of the power plant's central busbar. Indicates the central bus voltage setting in the area, C g is the reactive voltage sensitivity matrix of the central bus, ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount of reactive power output of power plant generator, W p and W q is the weight coefficient, W p and W q The value range of is 0-0.5, α is the gain coefficient, and the value range of α is 0-0.5.

[0057] Θ g is the reactive power margin vector, Θ g The i-th component of is:

[0058]

[0059] in, is the current reactive power output of generator i, is the reactive power regulation of generator i, is the maximum reactive power of generator i, is the minimum reactive power of generator i, i is the serial number of the generator, ||Θ g || 2 is the reactive margin vector set;

[0060] The constraint expressions of the quadratic programming optimization model are as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, C0, C1, C2, and C3 are constraint equations respectively, and C vg is the high-voltage side control bus reactive voltage sensitivity matrix, V H The current voltage of the busbar on the high-voltage side of the generator is controlled. and They represent the lower limit of the central bus voltage and the upper limit of the central bus voltage respectively; and They represent the lower and upper reactive power limits of the generator respectively; and They respectively represent the voltage lower limit, voltage upper limit and maximum permissible single-step adjustment of the control busbar on the high-voltage side of the generator;

[0063] (2) When each automatic voltage control cycle arrives, according to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, the power plant telemetry data and telesignaling data in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc are collected in real time from the power system control center;

[0064] (3) According to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, the power plant telemetry and telesignaling data Sc collected in step (3) are substituted into the secondary programming optimization model of the power plant automatic voltage control to form a secondary programming calculation model of the power plant automatic voltage control with real-time calculation data. The specific steps are as follows:

[0065] (3-1) Traverse the control generator Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, and find the control generator Gen w The type of power plant to which it belongs is determined. If Gen w The type of power plant is a conventional thermal power plant or a conventional hydropower plant, and the control generator Gen w If the working status and operation status of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1, the control generator Gen w Add the optimization model, that is, the control generator Gen w The reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit are used as the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1) and If the control generator Gen w Control the generator Gen for wind power plants or photovoltaic power plants wIf the working state and operation state of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1, then the generator is added to the optimization model, and the total reactive power that can be increased and the total reactive power that can be reduced of the control substation are proportionally allocated to the reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit of the control generator, which is the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1). and

[0066] (3-2) Traverse the power plant automatic voltage control device set Sc to control the bus Gbs, according to Gbs gj The planning curve Gbsg j-bscm , obtain the voltage lower limit of the control bus from the power plant automatic voltage control device set Sc and voltage upper limit The control bus is added to the optimization model as The current voltage measurement of the control bus is used as the V H ;

[0067] (4) Using the quadratic programming calculation method, solve the optimization model generated in step (3-2) to obtain the adjustment amount ΔQ for controlling the reactive output of the generator g The reactive power output of the generator is controlled by the adjustment amount ΔQ g Automatic voltage control is achieved by controlling the remote adjustment of the generator and sending it to the automatic voltage control substation of the power plant.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention defines intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control. When forming a control model, the voltage curve of the control bus is automatically formed through the intelligent expert rules to control the control signals of the control substation and the control unit, which are used in automatic control calculation and control instruction control; after the application of this method, the workload of manual maintenance can be reduced, and the telemetry and telesignaling related errors in manual maintenance can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of reactive voltage control, and further improving the operating stability of the power system.

[0069] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0071] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a power plant model for secondary programming calculation involved in the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] An embodiment of the present invention provides a power plant automatic voltage control method, the flow chart of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0075] Define intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of power plants;

[0076] Collect power plant parameters based on the power system model;

[0077] generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters;

[0078] The power plant automatic voltage control equipment set is used to solve a quadratic programming optimization model for the power plant automatic voltage control.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of a power plant include:

[0080] Intelligent rules for automatic voltage control of power plants, consisting of multiple rules RH a The composition is recorded as the intelligent rule set RH, including the voltage planning curve modeling rule, the power plant AVC substation modeling rule, the power plant control bus modeling rule and the power plant unit modeling rule. The expression of each rule is the following triple:

[0081] RH a (AppO,MCond,MConc) (1)

[0082] Where AppO is the application object of the rule, which can be voltage planning curve, power plant, power plant control bus, generator set; MCond is a composite condition, MConc is a composite result, MCond and MConc are two vectors of the same dimension, that is, when the condition MCond[a] is met, the corresponding result MConc[a] is effective, and MConc[a] is expressed as MConc=R1,R2...R an That is, the rule result includes an elements, where an is the number of elements;

[0083] in:

[0084] (a) According to the voltage level of the power plant control bus, the voltage planning curve modeling rules are defined as follows:

[0085] The voltage plan curve modeling rule mainly defines the voltage plan limit used for the power plant control bus of each voltage level in AVC control. The rule application object AppO=BSCM is set, which means that the application object of the rule is the voltage plan curve. The compound conditions and corresponding compound results of the rule are as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, MCond m According to the voltage level V of the power plant control bus base Retrieve power plant control bus; MConc m is the corresponding set of planned curves, including the voltage upper limit V max , voltage lower limit V min , formula (2) means that when When the conditions are met, the voltage planning curve set automatically adopted in the power plant automatic voltage control model is

[0088] (b) Define the AVC substation modeling rules for controlling the power plant:

[0089] The AVC substation modeling rules of the power plant mainly define the information points such as telemetry, telesignaling and telecontrol that need to be associated with the AVC substation of the power plant in AVC control. Set the rule application object AppO = PVC ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the AVC substation of the power plant. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, MCond pvc The type conditions of the power plant connected to AVC control include: TYPE1 is a conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is a conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is a wind power plant, TYPE4 is a photovoltaic power station, etc. In automatic voltage control, the telemetry, telesignaling and teleadjustment instructions issued by the AVC substations of different types of power plants are different, and the corresponding rule conclusions describe the telemetry, telesignaling and teleadjustment points that the AVC substations of this type of power plant need to access. The conclusion part of a rule consists of multiple Filter elements, one element defines an information point that needs to be associated, and a Filter element is defined as a triple:

[0092]

[0093] Wherein, type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling and teleregulation; name is the associated information point type, and its value range includes: substation working status, substation operation status, whole station increaseable reactive power, whole station decreaseable reactive power and whole station total real-time reactive power, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point, which is described by regular expression. For example, the name matching string corresponding to the type "substation working status" is "*AVC substation working status", i1 is the TYPE subscript, j1 is 1 to mb, the number of defined Filter elements, p is the number of power plant types, mb is the number of telemetry, telesignaling and teleregulation information points that the AVC substation of the power plant of this type needs to be associated with; the number of information points that the AVC substations of different types of power plants need to be associated with may be different.

[0094] (c) Define the control bus modeling rules for the power plant:

[0095] The power plant control bus modeling rules mainly define the telemetry, telesignaling and teleregulation information points that need to be associated with the power plant control bus in AVC control. Set the rule application object AppO = GBS ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the power plant control bus. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, MCond gbs is the type of power plant connected to AVC control, and its value range includes: TYPE1 is conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is wind power plant, and TYPE4 is photovoltaic power station. Different types of power plants need to issue different control instructions and other information points for controlling the bus, which need to be defined through modeling rules. The conclusion part of the rule is the same as that defined in formula (4), that is, Define the association rules of telemetering, telesignaling and teleregulation information points of the power plant control bus; type is the information point type, and the value range includes: telemetering, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name is the name of the information point associated with the power plant control bus, and the value range includes: real-time voltage value of the power plant control bus, voltage control target value, and voltage control reference value, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point; i2 is the TYPE subscript, j2 is 1 to md, the number of defined Filter elements, g is the number of power plant types, and md is the number of telemetering, telesignaling and teleregulation information points associated with the g-th type of power plant; the number of information points that need to be associated with different types of power plant control buses can be different;

[0098] (d) Define the modeling rules for the generator sets that control the power plant:

[0099] The modeling rules of the power plant's generator sets mainly define the information points such as telemetry, telesignaling and telecontrol that the power plant's generator sets need to be associated with in AVC control. Set the rule application object AppO = GEN ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the generator set of the power plant. The compound conditions of the rule and the corresponding compound results are:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, MCond gen is the type of power plant connected to AVC control, including: TYPE1 is a conventional thermal power plant, TYPE2 is a conventional hydropower plant, TYPE3 is a wind power plant, and TYPE4 is a photovoltaic power plant. The information points that need to be collected or sent by the generator sets of different types of power plants are different and need to be defined through modeling rules. The conclusion part of the rule is the same as the definition of formula (4), that is, It is an information point rule that needs to be associated with the defined generator set; type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name is the name of the associated information point, and its value range includes: lower computer status, unit reactive measurement value, unit reactive setting value, unit reactive lower limit, unit reactive upper limit, unit magnetization lock signal, unit magnetization lock signal, etc.; check is the name matching string of the automatically associated information point; i3 is the TYPE subscript, j3 is 1 to mt, the number of defined Filter elements, e is the number of defined power plant types, and mt is the number of information points that need to be associated with the generator set of the e-th type of power plant; the number of information points that need to be associated with the generator sets of different types of power plants can be different.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, collecting power plant parameters according to the power system model includes:

[0103] (1) Traverse the power system model and judge the power plant in the power system model. If the current power plant is not a power plant, proceed to step (2). If the current power plant is a power plant, generate the power plant information S of the current power plant r and obtain {S} of the current power plant r from the power plant model of the power system model. r Store in data buffer W;

[0104] (2) Among the generators in the power system model, obtain the generator belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as PG = {PG k1 ,k1=1,…,n1}, n1 is the number of all generators contained in the current power plant r, and PG is stored in the data buffer area W;

[0105] (3) In the busbar of the power system model, obtain the busbar belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as BS = {BS k2,k2=1,…,n2}, n2 is the number of all buses contained in the current power plant r, and BS is stored in the data buffer W;

[0106] (4) In the remote signal of the power system model, obtain the remote signal belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as YX = {YX k3 ,k3=1,…,n3}, n3 is the number of all telesignals contained in the current power plant, and YX is stored in the data buffer W;

[0107] (5) In the telemetry of the power system model, obtain the telemetry belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as YC = {YC k4 ,k4=1,…,n4}, n4 is the number of all telesignals contained in the current power plant, and YC is stored in the data buffer W;

[0108] (6) In the remote regulation of the power system model, obtain the remote regulation of the current power plant r, denoted as YT = {YT k5 ,k5=1,…,n5}, n5 is the total number of remote regulation contained in the current power plant, and YT is stored in the data buffer W.

[0109] In one embodiment of the present invention, generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters includes:

[0110] Define a power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc = {}, Sc includes substations, power plant control buses and control unit equipment;

[0111] (1) Traverse the power plant information S, and according to S r Generate the control substation set Pvc in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set i ={name=pvc}, according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=PVC ycyx and MCond pvc Get the association rule Filter of the telesignal; according to the Filter, match the current power plant telesignal set YX to obtain the telesignal signal, such as the power plant substation input and output, remote local telesignal signal, and add the telesignal signal to Pvc i In the collection; Pvc i Added to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc; the telemetry, telesignaling and teleadjustment instructions issued by different types of power plant AVC substations are different.

[0112] (2) Traverse the generator set PG to generate the generators belonging to the power plant S r The control unit Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set j , j is the power plant S i The subscript of the generator set, sn1 is defined as Si The specific steps are as follows:

[0113] (2-1) Control unit Gen j， According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=GEN ycyx and MCond gen Automatically obtain the association rule Filter of the remote signal, match it in the current power plant remote signal set YX according to the Filter, obtain the remote signal signal, such as the input and output of the control unit, and add the remote signal signal to Gen j In the collection; through AppO = GEN ycyx and MCond gen Get the remote adjustment association rule Filter, match the current power plant remote adjustment set YT according to the Filter, get the remote adjustment signal, such as the remote adjustment signal issued by the control unit, and add the remote adjustment signal to Gen j In the collection; j Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc;

[0114] (2-2) Judge j. If j is less than sn1, return to step (2-1). If j is equal to or greater than sn1, proceed to (3).

[0115] (3) Traverse the bus set BS to generate the busbars belonging to the power plant S r Power plant control bus Gbs k , k is the power plant S i The subscript of S is defined as gn2 i The specific steps for controlling the number of buses in a power plant are as follows:

[0116] (3-1) Control bus Gbs of power plant k , according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO = GBS ycyx and MCond gbs Automatically obtain the telemetry association rule Filter, and according to the Filter, match the telemetry information of the power plant control bus in the telemetry set YC of the current power plant, and add the telemetry information to Gbs k According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO = BSCM and MCond m Obtain the rules of the defined planning curve and generate the current power plant control bus Gbs according to the rules k The planning curve Gbs k-bscm , and the planning curve Gbs k-bscm Join Gbs k In the collection; Gbs k Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc;

[0117] (3-2) Judge j. If j is less than gn2, return to (3-1). If j is equal to or greater than gn2, execute (4).

[0118] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method of solving a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of a power plant by using the automatic voltage control parameters of the power plant includes:

[0119] (1) Establish a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of power plants. The quadratic programming calculation power plant model diagram is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, the objective function expression of the quadratic programming optimization model is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, V p Indicates the current voltage of the power plant's central busbar. Indicates the central bus voltage setting in the area, C g is the reactive voltage sensitivity matrix of the central bus, ΔQ g Indicates the regulation amount of reactive power output of power plant generator, W p and W q is the weight coefficient, W p and W q The value range of is 0-0.5, α is the gain coefficient, and the value range of α is 0-0.5.

[0122] Θ g is the reactive power margin vector, Θ g The i-th component of is:

[0123]

[0124] in, is the current reactive power output of generator i, is the reactive power regulation of generator i, is the maximum reactive power of generator i, is the minimum reactive power of generator i, i is the serial number of the generator, ||Θ g || 2 is the reactive margin vector set;

[0125] The constraint expressions of the quadratic programming optimization model are as follows:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, C0, C1, C2, and C3 are constraint equations respectively, and C vg is the high-voltage side control bus reactive voltage sensitivity matrix, VH The current voltage of the busbar on the high-voltage side of the generator is controlled. and They represent the lower limit of the central bus voltage and the upper limit of the central bus voltage respectively; and They represent the lower and upper reactive power limits of the generator respectively; and They respectively represent the voltage lower limit, voltage upper limit and maximum permissible single-step adjustment of the control busbar on the high-voltage side of the generator;

[0128] (2) When each automatic voltage control cycle arrives, according to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, the power plant telemetry data (such as the reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit of the generator) and telesignaling data (such as the input and output of the control substation and the working status of the control substation to which it belongs) in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc are collected in real time from the power system control center;

[0129] (3) According to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, the power plant telemetry and telesignaling data Sc collected in step (3) are substituted into the secondary programming optimization model of the power plant automatic voltage control to form a secondary programming calculation model of the power plant automatic voltage control with real-time calculation data. The specific steps are as follows:

[0130] (3-1) Traverse the control generator Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc. The telemetry, telesignaling and telecontrol instructions issued by different types of power plant AVC substations and control units are different. w The type of power plant to which it belongs is determined. If Gen w The type of power plant is a conventional thermal power plant or a conventional hydropower plant, and the control generator Gen w If the working status and operation status of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1 (1 means the control generator is put into AVC control and the generator participates in the control), then the control generator Gen w Add the optimization model, that is, the control generator Gen w The reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit are used as the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1) and If the control generator Gen w Control the generator Gen for wind power plants or photovoltaic power plants w If the working state and operation state of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1, then the generator is added to the optimization model, and the total reactive power that can be increased and the total reactive power that can be reduced of the control substation are proportionally allocated to the reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit of the control generator, which is the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1). and

[0131] (3-2) Traverse the power plant automatic voltage control device set Sc to control the bus Gbs, according to Gbs gj The planning curve Gbsg j-bscm , obtain the voltage lower limit of the control bus from the power plant automatic voltage control device set Sc and voltage upper limit The control bus is added to the optimization model as The current voltage measurement of the control bus is used as the V H ;

[0132] (4) Using the quadratic programming calculation method, solve the optimization model generated in step (3-2) to obtain the adjustment amount ΔQ for controlling the reactive output of the generator g The reactive power output of the generator is controlled by the adjustment amount ΔQ g Automatic voltage control is achieved by controlling the remote adjustment of the generator and sending it to the automatic voltage control substation of the power plant.

[0133] The present invention defines intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control. When forming a control model, the voltage curve of the control bus is automatically formed through the intelligent expert rules, and the control signals of the control substation and the control unit are used in automatic control calculation and control command control. After the method is applied, the workload of manual maintenance can be reduced, and the telemetry and telesignaling correlation errors in manual maintenance can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of reactive voltage control and further improving the operational stability of the power system.

[0134] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic voltage control in a power plant, characterized in that: include: Define intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of power plants; Collect power plant parameters based on the power system model; generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters; solving a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of a power plant using the power plant automatic voltage control device set; The intelligent expert rules for automatic voltage control of the power plant include: The intelligent rules of automatic voltage control of power plants are composed of multiple rules RH a The composition is recorded as the intelligent rule set RH, including the voltage planning curve modeling rules, the power plant AVC substation modeling rules, the power plant control bus modeling rules and the power plant unit modeling rules. The expression of each rule is the following triple: （1） Among them, AppO is the application object of the rule, MCond is the composite condition, MConc is the composite result, MCond and MConc are two vectors of the same dimension, that is, when the MCond[a] condition is met, the corresponding result MConc[a] is effective. MConc[a] is expressed as That is, the rule result includes an elements; in: (a) According to the voltage level of the power plant control bus, the voltage planning curve modeling rules are defined as follows: Setting the rule application object AppO = BSCM means that the rule application object is the voltage planning curve. The rule's compound conditions and corresponding compound results are as follows: （2） in, According to the voltage level V of the power plant control bus base Retrieve power plant control busbar; is the corresponding set of planned curves, including the voltage upper limit , voltage lower limit , formula (2) means that when When the conditions are met, the set of voltage plan curves automatically adopted in the power plant automatic voltage control model is ; (b) Define the AVC substation modeling rules for controlling the power plant: Set the rule application object AppO=PVC ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the AVC substation of the power plant. The compound conditions and corresponding compound results of the rule are: (3) in, The type of power plant connected to AVC control includes: For conventional thermal power plants, Conventional hydropower plants, Wind farms and Photovoltaic power stations; The conclusion of a rule consists of multiple Filter elements. Each element defines an information point that needs to be associated. A Filter element is defined as a triple: (4) Where type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name1 is the associated information point type, and its value range includes: substation working status, substation operating status, total station increaseable reactive power, total station decreaseable reactive power, and total station real-time reactive power; check is the name matching string for automatically associated information points, described by a regular expression; i1 is the TYPE subscript; j1 ranges from 1 to mb, indicating the number of defined filter elements; p is the number of power plant types; and mb is the number of telemetry, telesignaling, and teleregulation information points that need to be associated with the AVC substations of that type of power plant. (c) Define the control bus modeling rules for the power plant: Set the rule application object AppO=GBS ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the power plant control bus. The compound conditions and corresponding compound results of the rule are as follows: (5) in, The type of power plant connected to AVC control. The value range includes: For conventional thermal power plants, Conventional hydropower plants, Wind power plants, Photovoltaic power stations; Defines the association rules for telemetering, telesignaling, and teleregulation information points of the power plant control bus; type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetering, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name2 is the name of the information point associated with the power plant control bus, and its value range includes: real-time voltage value of the power plant control bus, voltage control target value, and voltage control reference value; check is the name matching string for automatically associating information points; i2 is the TYPE subscript, j2 is 1 to md, and is the number of defined Filter elements; g is the number of power plant types, and md is the number of telemetering, telesignaling, and teleregulation information points associated with the power plant of type g; (d) Define the modeling rules for the generators that control the power plant: Set the rule application object AppO=GEN ycyx , which means that the application object of the rule is the generator set of the power plant. The compound conditions and corresponding compound results of the rule are: (6) in, The types of power plants connected to AVC control include: For conventional thermal power plants, Conventional hydropower plants, Wind farms and Photovoltaic power stations; It is an information point rule that needs to be associated with the defined generator set; type is the information point type, and its value range includes: telemetry, telesignaling, and teleregulation; name3 is the name of the associated information point, and its value range includes: lower machine status, unit reactive measurement value, unit reactive setting value, unit reactive lower limit, unit reactive upper limit, unit magnetization lockout signal, and unit demagnetization lockout signal; check is the name matching string for automatic association of information points; i3 is the TYPE subscript, j3 is 1 to mt, the number of defined Filter elements, e is the number of defined power plant types, and mt is the number of information points that need to be associated defined for the e-th type of power plant generator set.

2. The power plant automatic voltage control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power plant parameters are collected according to the power system model, including: (1) Traverse the power system model and judge the power plant in the power system model. If the current power plant is not a power plant, proceed to step (2). If the current power plant is a power plant, generate the power plant information S of the current power plant r and obtain {S} of the current power plant r from the power plant model of the power system model. r Store in data buffer W; (2) Among the generators in the power system model, obtain the generator belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as PG={PG k1 ,k1=1,…,n1}, n1 is the number of all generators contained in the current power plant r, and PG is stored in the data buffer W area; (3) In the busbar of the power system model, obtain the busbar belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as BS={BS k2 ,k2=1,…,n2}, n2 is the number of all buses contained in the current power plant r, and BS is stored in the data buffer W; (4) In the telesignaling of the power system model, obtain the telesignaling belonging to the current power plant r, which is recorded as YX={YX k3 ,k3=1,…,n3}, n3 is the number of all telesignals included in the current power plant, and YX is stored in the data buffer W; (5) In the telemetry of the power system model, obtain the telemetry belonging to the current power plant r, denoted as YC={YC k4 ,k4=1,…,n4}, n4 is the number of all telesignals included in the current power plant, and YC is stored in the data buffer W; (6) In the remote regulation of the power system model, obtain the remote regulation of the current power plant r, which is recorded as YT={YT k5 ,k5=1,…,n5}, n5 is the total number of remote adjustments contained in the current power plant, and YT is stored in the data buffer W.

3. The power plant automatic voltage control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Generating a power plant automatic voltage control device set according to the intelligent expert rules and power plant parameters includes: Define a power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc={}, Sc includes substations, power plant control buses and control unit equipment; (1) Traverse the power plant information S, according to S r Generate the control substation set PVC in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set i ={name=pvc}, according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=PVC ycyx and Obtaining remote signal association rules ;according to , match the current power plant telesignaling set YX, get the telesignaling signal, and add the telesignaling signal to the Pvc i In the collection; Pvc i Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc; (2) Traverse the generator set PG and generate the generators belonging to the power plant S r The control unit Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set j , j is the power plant S r The subscript of the generator set, sn1 is defined as S r The specific steps are as follows: (2-1) Control unit Gen j， According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=GEN ycyx and Automatically obtain remote signaling association rules ,according to , match the current power plant telesignaling set YX, obtain the telesignaling signal, and add the telesignaling signal to Gen j In the collection; through AppO=GEN ycyx and Get remote control association rules ,according to Match the current power plant remote adjustment set YT to obtain the remote adjustment signal, and add the remote adjustment signal to Gen j In the collection; j Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc; (2-2) Judge j. If j is less than sn1, return to step (2-1). If j is equal to or greater than sn1, proceed to (3). (3) Traverse the busbar set BS and generate the busbars belonging to the power plant S r Power plant control bus Gbs k , k is the power plant S i The subscript of S is defined as gn2. i The specific steps for controlling the number of buses in a power plant are as follows: (3-1) Control busbar Gbs of power plant k , according to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=GBS ycyx and Automatically capture correlation rules for telemetry ,according to , match the telemetry information of the power plant control bus in the telemetry set YC of the current power plant, and add the telemetry information to Gbs k According to the intelligent rule set, through AppO=BSCM and Obtain the rules of the defined planning curve and generate the current power plant control bus Gbs according to the rules k The planning curve Gbs k-bscm , and the planning curve Gbs k-bscm Join Gbs k In the collection; Gbs k Add to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc; (3-2) Judge j. If j is less than gn2, return to (3-1). If j is equal to or greater than gn2, execute (4). (4) Use the quadratic programming calculation method to solve the optimization model generated in step (3-2) and obtain the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output of the generator and adjust the reactive power output of the generator Automatic voltage control is achieved by controlling the remote adjustment of the generator and sending it to the automatic voltage control substation of the power plant.

4. The power plant automatic voltage control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of solving a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of a power plant by using the automatic voltage control parameters of the power plant includes: (1) Establish a quadratic programming optimization model for automatic voltage control of power plants. The objective function expression of the quadratic programming optimization model is as follows: in, Indicates the current voltage of the power plant's central busbar. Indicates the central bus voltage setting in the area. is the central bus reactive voltage sensitivity matrix, Indicates the regulation amount of reactive output of power plant generator, and is the weight coefficient, and The value ranges are 0-0.5, is the gain coefficient, The value range is 0-0.5, is the reactive margin vector, No. The components are: in, is the current reactive power output of generator i, is the regulation amount of reactive power output of generator i, is the maximum reactive power of generator i, is the minimum reactive power of generator i, i is the serial number of the generator, is the reactive margin vector set; The constraint expressions of the quadratic programming optimization model are as follows: in, 、 、 、 are the constraint equations, is the high-voltage side control bus reactive voltage sensitivity matrix, is the current voltage of the control busbar on the high voltage side of the generator, and Respectively represent the lower limit of the central bus voltage and the upper limit of the central bus voltage; and Respectively represent the lower and upper limits of the generator reactive power; 、 and They represent the lower voltage limit, upper voltage limit and maximum permissible single-step adjustment of the control busbar on the high-voltage side of the generator respectively; (2) When each automatic voltage control cycle arrives, the power plant telemetry data and telesignaling data in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc are collected from the power system control center in real time according to the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc; (3) Based on the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, the power plant telemetry and telesignaling data Sc collected in step (3) are substituted into the quadratic programming optimization model of the power plant automatic voltage control to form a quadratic programming calculation model of the power plant automatic voltage control with real-time calculation data. The specific steps are as follows: (3-1) Traverse the control generator Gen in the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc, and for the control generator Gen w The type of power plant to which it belongs is determined. If Gen w The type of power plant is conventional thermal power plant or conventional hydropower plant, and the control generator Gen w If the working status and operation status of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1, then the control generator Gen w Add the optimization model, that is, the control generator Gen w The reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit are used as the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1) and , if the control generator Gen w For wind power plants or photovoltaic power plants, control the generator Gen w If the working state and operation state of the control substation to which it belongs are both 1, then the generator is added to the optimization model, and the total reactive power that can be increased and reduced by the control substation is proportionally distributed to the reactive power lower limit and reactive power upper limit of the control generator, which is the quadratic programming optimization model of step (1) and ; (3-2) Traverse the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc to control the bus Gbs, according to Gbs gj The planning curve Gbsg j-bscm , obtain the voltage lower limit of the control bus from the power plant automatic voltage control equipment set Sc and voltage upper limit , and add the control busbar into the optimization model as the optimization model 、 . The current voltage measurement of the control bus is used as the optimization model ; (4) Use the quadratic programming calculation method to solve the optimization model generated in step (3-2) and obtain the regulation amount for controlling the reactive output of the generator and adjust the reactive power output of the generator Automatic voltage control is achieved by controlling the remote adjustment of the generator and sending it to the automatic voltage control substation of the power plant.

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