Hydride/air battery capable of synchronously treating waste acid and waste alkali and generating electricity

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal hydride / air electrochemical battery device for synchronously treating waste acid and waste alkali and generating electric energy. Comprising an air diffusion electrode serving as a positive electrode, a hydrogen pre-storage hydride electrode serving as a negative electrode and an ion exchange membrane, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged in a waste acid solution and a waste alkali solution respectively and connected with an external circuit, and the ion exchange membrane is arranged between acid and alkali electrolytes to serve as a diaphragm material; when the battery is discharged or waste acid and waste alkali treatment is carried out, the reaction of the negative electrode is that hydrogen is separated out and is subjected to oxidation reaction with OH <-> ions in the waste alkali, water is generated, and electrons are generated; meanwhile, electrons are led out from an external circuit and flow to the positive electrode, so that oxygen in the air and H < + > ions in the waste acid are subjected to reduction reaction to generate water. The invention provides a harmless, reduction and recycling treatment technical path for solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by waste acid and waste alkali generated in industrial production, and has practical significance and good application prospect.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a technology related to the fields of chemical industry, environment and energy, in particular to a device and method for a hydride / air battery based on a safe synchronous treatment of waste acid and waste alkali to generate electricity. Background technique

[0002] The waste acid and alkali discharged in industrial production has a great impact on our water environment, which is a prominent problem restricting the sustainable development of our country. Traditional technologies for treating waste acid and alkali include direct mixing of waste acid and alkali, biotechnology, high-temperature incineration in cement kilns, air flotation and sedimentation for impurity removal, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, and wet oxidation treatment technologies. However, these traditional technical methods have low utilization rate of resources and lack of economic benefits. For example, the direct mixing and neutralization treatment technol...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0034] The present embodiment comprises following process and test steps:

[0035] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 35mL of 0.5M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated waste acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 35mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte.

[0036] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder solution were mixed and ground, then coated on the surface of hydrophobic carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0037] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half surface of 3*6cm, 0.5mm thick nickel foam, cut the nickel-plated steel strip 6cm long, 0.15*8mm t...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Include following process and test step in the present embodiment:

[0044] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 35mL of 1M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated waste acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 35mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte. Different from Example 1, this example uses a more acidic spent acid solution to further prove the practicability of the battery.

[0045] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % PTFE binder solution were mixed and ground, coated on the surface of hydrophobic carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0046] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half...

Embodiment 3

[0053] The present embodiment comprises following process and test steps:

[0054] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 17mL of 1M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated spent acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 17mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte. In this embodiment, less electrolyte is used to explore the practicability of the battery device.

[0055] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % PTFE binder solution were mixed and ground, coated on the surface of carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0056] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half surface of 3*6cm, 2mm thick nickel foam, cu...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a technology related to the fields of chemical industry, environment and energy, in particular to a device and method for a hydride / air battery based on a safe synchronous treatment of waste acid and waste alkali to generate electricity. Background technique

[0002] The waste acid and alkali discharged in industrial production has a great impact on our water environment, which is a prominent problem restricting the sustainable development of our country. Traditional technologies for treating waste acid and alkali include direct mixing of waste acid and alkali, biotechnology, high-temperature incineration in cement kilns, air flotation and sedimentation for impurity removal, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, and wet oxidation treatment technologies. However, these traditional technical methods have low utilization rate of resources and lack of economic benefits. For example, the direct mixing and neutralization treatment technol...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0034] The present embodiment comprises following process and test steps:

[0035] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 35mL of 0.5M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated waste acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 35mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte.

[0036] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder solution were mixed and ground, then coated on the surface of hydrophobic carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0037] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half surface of 3*6cm, 0.5mm thick nickel foam, cut the nickel-plated steel strip 6cm long, 0.15*8mm t...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Include following process and test step in the present embodiment:

[0044] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 35mL of 1M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated waste acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 35mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte. Different from Example 1, this example uses a more acidic spent acid solution to further prove the practicability of the battery.

[0045] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % PTFE binder solution were mixed and ground, coated on the surface of hydrophobic carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0046] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half...

Embodiment 3

[0053] The present embodiment comprises following process and test steps:

[0054] 1) Electrolyte preparation: 17mL of 1M sulfuric acid was prepared as the simulated spent acid cathode electrolyte. Configure 17mL of 1M KOH solution as the simulated spent alkali negative electrode electrolyte. In this embodiment, less electrolyte is used to explore the practicability of the battery device.

[0055] 2) Preparation of positive electrode: 30 mg of platinum-carbon catalyst and 0.4 mL of 50 wt % PTFE binder solution were mixed and ground, coated on the surface of carbon cloth, and placed in an oven at 80° C. for 2 hours.

[0056] 3) Preparation of the negative electrode: take out the metal hydride (MH) from the fully discharged rechargeable battery, mix and grind 1gMH, 50mg carbon black (Cabot), 1mL50wt% PTFE solution, put it into an oven and dry it until Cement-like, get the active substance, apply the active substance on the upper half surface of 3*6cm, 2mm thick nickel foam, cu...

Images