A method for building a house based on a BIM preset model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for building a house based on a BIM preset model, which can preset the house model in advance, grasp the positions of mechanical and electrical equipment, make structural design and position optimization in advance, discover problem points in advance, reduce the subsequent rework cost, and the unified BIM model can take into account the dimensions of every detailed position, reducing the deviation of the entire project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building construction, and particularly to a building construction method based on a BIM preset model. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional construction industry, when building some large buildings such as hospitals, a large number of equipment need to be installed, such as water supply, heating, ventilation, electrical, fire protection and other pipelines, as well as the installation of various civil engineering and electromechanical equipment. And when the main structures such as inpatient buildings, medical technology buildings, and outpatient buildings are gradually completed and equipment needs to be installed, it is found that due to the small basement space and various comprehensive pipelines in the hospital, it causes difficulties in construction.

[0003] And during the construction process, it is also necessary to change the drawings according to the actual dimensions on site at any time. For the existing CAD drawing method, a small data change may require changing many copies of drawings, which brings great inconvenience to the construction unit and delays the construction period at the same time; the construction spacing, maintenance space, height, etc. of various pipelines and equipment need to meet the on-site construction requirements. The prior art does not have a preset model and can only solve problems in a timely manner when they occur, and cannot avoid and prevent such problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a building construction method that can preset a model and improve the installation quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, in view of the above problems, to provide a building construction method based on a BIM preset model, which can preset the building model in advance, grasp the positions of electromechanical equipment, make structural design and position optimization in advance, discover problem points in advance, reduce the subsequent rework cost, and the unified BIM model can take into account the dimensions of every detail position, reducing the deviation of the entire project.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for building a house based on a BIM preset model, comprising the following steps: S1: Establish a civil engineering BIM model of the house and build the overall structure according to the civil engineering BIM model of the house; S2: Measure the structural dimensions on site, and control the error of the actual structure within the tolerance range; Import the actual structural dimensions whose structural errors are not within the tolerance range into the civil engineering BIM model in S1; S3: Review and correct the civil engineering BIM model according to the actual structural dimensions; S4: Independently establish an electromechanical BIM model and conduct an independent inspection on the BIM electromechanical model; The electromechanical model includes a pipeline model and an equipment model; S5: Integrate the electromechanical BIM model and the civil engineering BIM model in S3 and conduct a collision inspection; S6: If collision points appear, adjust and optimize the structural dimensions or installation positions of the electromechanical BIM model according to the situation of the collision points until no collision points appear; If no collision points appear, directly go to the subsequent steps; S7: Carry out modeling and quantity calculation on the electromechanical BIM model and purchase materials according to the quantity; S8: Install the electromechanical equipment and pipelines into the built overall structure of the house and conduct a review according to the actual installation situation. After passing the review, complete the installation of the electromechanical equipment and pipelines. It can preset the house model in advance, grasp the positions of the electromechanical equipment, make structural design and position optimization in advance, discover problem points in advance, reduce the subsequent rework cost, and the unified BIM model can take into account the dimensions of every detailed position, reducing the deviation of the entire project.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes identifying and distinguishing the civil engineering BIM model and the electromechanical BIM model according to component families to form a filter system. It is convenient for others to understand the drawings and reduces the processing technical difficulty.

[0007] Preferably, in step S5, the distance between the strong electricity and weak electricity cable trays is not less than 0.3 m, and the distance between pipelines is not less than 0.1 m.

[0008] Preferably, before step S8, it further includes establishing a support and hanger BIM model and pre-installing the support and hanger before installing the pipeline. The support and hanger are used to fix the pipeline to the beam. It can optimize the pipeline layout route, calculate the optimal arrangement method of the support and hanger in advance, and make arrangements in advance at the positions where the support and hanger need to be installed.

[0009] Preferably, judge the load-bearing situation and the layout position of each support and hanger according to various pipeline BIM models, and then design the structure of the support and hanger according to the load-bearing situation and layout position of the support and hanger. The structural forms of the installation surfaces at different positions are different, and the pipeline types, quantities and dimensions at different positions are also different. Therefore, it is necessary to design the structure of the support and hanger in advance according to the BIM model.

[0010] Preferably, the drawing colors of various pipelines are different, and different pipelines are distinguished by colors. During the actual construction process, a color printer is also required to print the construction drawings to facilitate accurate construction by the construction personnel.

[0011] Preferably, in step S8, it includes correcting the installation positions of the pipelines in the BIM model according to the actual construction conditions, and the correction range is ±5 cm. Since the on-site construction cannot be exactly the same as the geometric dimensions given in the drawings, after the construction, it is necessary to re-measure and import the actual dimensions into the BIM model for re-collision detection.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, during the process of establishing the pipeline model, leave space for the bending and tee of the pipeline branch. The pipeline layout is intricate. According to the BIM model, it is possible to know in advance where the pipeline needs to bend and where the tee connectors need to be set, which can reduce a lot of trouble and shorten the construction period.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the modeling sequence includes one or more of long-term pipelines to temporary pipelines, non-pressure pipelines to high-pressure pipelines to low-pressure pipelines, non-metal pipelines to metal pipelines, refrigeration pipelines to hot water pipelines to cold water pipelines, and drainage pipelines to water supply pipelines; the reason is that long-term pipelines require better stability and higher importance; non-pressure pipelines such as domestic sewage, fecal sewage drainage pipelines, rainwater drainage pipelines, and condensate drainage pipelines rely on gravity drainage. Therefore, the horizontal pipe section must maintain a certain slope and cannot be arbitrarily raised or lowered. When crossing with pressure pipelines, the pressure pipelines should give way to non-pressure pipelines. At the same time, since the cost of high-pressure pipelines is higher than that of low-pressure pipelines, low-pressure pipelines should give way to high-pressure pipelines; because metal pipelines are easier to bend, cut and connect, and have a large installation flexibility, non-metal pipelines should be installed first; because refrigeration pipelines have a larger diameter, it is advisable to be short and straight, which is beneficial to the process and cost saving, so refrigeration pipelines should be installed first, the cost of hot water pipelines for heat preservation is higher than that of cold water pipelines, then install hot water pipelines, and finally install cold water pipelines; because drainage pipelines are mostly gravity flow and the dirt in the pipes is easy to block, they need to be installed prior to water supply pipelines.

[0014] Preferably, import the structural dimensions reviewed in step S8 into the BIM model, perform secondary quantity calculation, compare the secondary quantity calculation with the materials actually used, and analyze the material waste rate and the reasons for material waste. It can summarize the entire project, identify deficiencies, and is beneficial to improving professional experience.

[0015] Preferably, in step S8, first establish the pipelines with large cross-sections and large diameters that occupy a large space, and then sequentially establish the pipelines that occupy a small space. Because small pipelines have a low cost and are easy to install, and large cross-section and large-diameter pipelines require a large installation space, it is easier to design to install small pipelines after installing large pipelines.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The method for building a house based on a BIM preset model of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Establish a civil engineering BIM model of the house and build the overall structure according to the civil engineering BIM model of the house; S2: Measure the structural dimensions on site and control the error of the actual structure within the tolerance range; Import the actual structural dimensions whose structural errors are not within the tolerance range into the civil engineering BIM model in S1; S3: Review and correct the civil engineering BIM model of the house according to the actual structural dimensions; S4: Independently establish an electromechanical BIM model and conduct independent inspection on the BIM electromechanical model; The electromechanical model includes a pipeline model and an equipment model; S5: Integrate the electromechanical BIM model and the civil engineering BIM model in S3 and conduct collision inspection; S6: If collision points occur, adjust and optimize the structural dimensions or installation positions of the electromechanical BIM model according to the conditions of the collision points until no collision points appear; If no collision points appear, directly go to the subsequent steps; S7: Conduct modeling and quantity calculation on the electromechanical BIM model and purchase materials according to the quantity; S8: Install the electromechanical equipment and pipelines into the built overall structure of the house and conduct review according to the actual installation situation. After passing the review, complete the installation of the electromechanical equipment and pipelines. It can preset the house model in advance, grasp the positions of the electromechanical equipment, make structural design and position optimization in advance, discover problem points in advance, reduce the subsequent rework cost, and the unified BIM model can take into account the dimensions of every detailed position, reducing the deviation of the entire project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1, a method for building a house based on a BIM preset model in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: Establish a civil engineering BIM model of the house and build the overall structure according to the civil engineering BIM model of the house; S2: Measure the structural dimensions on site and control the error of the actual structure within the tolerance range; Import the actual structural dimensions outside the tolerance range into the civil engineering BIM model in S1; S3: Review and correct the civil engineering BIM model according to the actual structural dimensions; S4: Independently establish an electrical and mechanical BIM model and conduct independent inspection on the BIM electrical and mechanical model; The electrical and mechanical model includes a pipeline model and an equipment model; S5: Integrate the electrical and mechanical BIM model and the civil engineering BIM model in S3 and conduct collision inspection; S6: If collision points appear, adjust and optimize the structural dimensions or installation positions of the electrical and mechanical BIM model according to the situation of the collision points until no collision points appear; If no collision points appear, directly go to the subsequent steps; S7: Conduct modeling and quantity calculation on the electrical and mechanical BIM model and purchase materials according to the quantity; S8: Install the electrical and mechanical equipment and pipelines into the built overall structure of the house and conduct review according to the actual installation situation. After passing the review, complete the installation of the electrical and mechanical equipment and pipelines. It can preset the house model in advance, grasp the positions of the electrical and mechanical equipment, make structural design and position optimization in advance, discover problem points in advance, reduce the subsequent rework cost, and the unified BIM model can take into account the dimensions of every detailed position, reducing the deviation of the whole project.

[0020] Embodiment 2: This embodiment further includes identifying and distinguishing the civil engineering BIM model and the electrical and mechanical BIM model according to component families to form a filter system. It is convenient for others to understand the drawings and reduces the processing technical difficulty. In step S5 of this embodiment, the distance between the strong and weak current cable trays is not less than 0.3 m, and the distance between pipelines is not less than 0.1 m. Before step S8 of this embodiment, it also includes establishing a support and hanger BIM model and pre-installing the support and hanger before installing the pipelines. The support and hanger are used to fix the pipelines to the beam. It can optimize the pipeline layout route, calculate the optimal arrangement method of the support and hanger in advance, and make arrangements in advance at the positions where the support and hanger need to be installed. This embodiment judges the load-bearing situation of each support and hanger and the arrangement position of the support and hanger according to various pipeline BIM models, and then designs the structure of the support and hanger according to the load-bearing situation and arrangement position of the support and hanger. The installation surface structures at different positions are different, and the pipeline types, quantities and dimensions at different positions are also different. Therefore, it is necessary to design the structure of the support and hanger in advance according to the BIM model.

[0021] Embodiment 3: The drawing colors of various pipelines in this embodiment are different, and different pipelines are distinguished by colors. During the actual construction process, a color printer is also required to print the construction drawings to facilitate the accurate construction of the construction personnel. In step S8 of this embodiment, it includes correcting the installation position of the pipelines in the BIM model according to the actual construction situation, and the correction range is ±5 cm. Since the on-site construction cannot be exactly the same as the geometric dimensions given in the drawings, after the construction, it is necessary to re-measure and import the actual dimensions into the BIM model for re-collision detection. In step S4 of this embodiment, during the process of establishing the pipeline model, space is reserved for the bending and tee of the pipeline branch pipes. The pipeline layout is intricate. According to the BIM model, it is possible to know in advance where the pipeline needs to be bent and where the tee connectors need to be set, which can reduce a lot of trouble and shorten the construction period.

[0022] Embodiment 4: In step S4 of this embodiment, the modeling sequence includes one or more of long-term pipelines to temporary pipelines, non-pressure pipelines to high-pressure pipelines to low-pressure pipelines, non-metallic pipelines to metallic pipelines, refrigeration pipelines to hot water pipelines to cold water pipelines, and drainage pipelines to water supply pipelines; the reason is that long-term pipelines require better stability and higher importance; non-pressure pipelines such as domestic sewage, fecal sewage drainage pipelines, rain drainage pipelines, and condensate drainage pipelines rely on gravity for drainage. Therefore, the horizontal pipe sections must maintain a certain slope and cannot be arbitrarily raised or lowered. When crossing with pressure pipelines, the pressure pipelines should give way to the non-pressure pipelines. At the same time, since the cost of high-pressure pipelines is higher than that of low-pressure pipelines, the low-pressure pipelines should give way to the high-pressure pipelines; because metallic pipelines are easier to bend, cut, and connect, and have a large installation flexibility, the non-metallic pipelines should be installed first; because the refrigeration pipelines have a larger diameter, are preferably short and straight, which is beneficial to the process and cost savings, the refrigeration pipelines should be installed first, the hot water pipelines need insulation and have a higher cost than the cold water pipelines, then the hot water pipelines are installed, and finally the cold water pipelines are installed; because most of the drainage pipelines are gravity flow and the dirt in the pipes is prone to blockage, they need to be installed prior to the water supply pipelines. In step S8 of this embodiment, the pipelines with large cross-sections and large diameters that occupy a large space are established first, and then the pipelines that occupy a small space are established in sequence. Because the small pipelines have a low cost and are easy to install, and the pipelines with large cross-sections and large diameters require a large installation space, it is easier to design to install the small pipelines after installing the large pipelines.

[0023] In the field of traditional installation pipelines, the principle of "the early bird catches the worm, and the latecomer suffers" is basically followed. The later the installation, the greater the difficulty, and the later installation risks and costs also become increasingly large. In serious cases, labor and economic disputes may occur due to mutual non - concession. Now, through the establishment of a BIM model, the collision situation can be deduced based on the BIM model, and it can be improved by modifying the drawings. Moreover, the site can be notified of which positions are prone to collisions. The software can identify all the building information in the BIM model. Only by using the software function can the actual project quantity be quickly counted, thus achieving the effect of generating quantities with one key. Compared with the traditional CAD method of manually pulling dimensions for quantity calculation, it is faster, more convenient, more accurate, and more efficient.

[0024] Embodiment 5: In this embodiment, the structural dimensions reviewed in step S8 are imported into the BIM model, and secondary quantity calculation is performed. The secondary quantity calculation is compared with the actually used materials to analyze the material waste rate and the reasons for material waste. It can summarize the entire project, identify deficiencies, and is beneficial to improving professional experience.

[0025] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for building a house based on a BIM preset model, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Establish a building civil engineering BIM model and construct the overall structure according to the building civil engineering BIM model; S2: Measure the structural dimensions on site and control the errors of the actual structure within the tolerance range; Import the actual structural dimensions with errors outside the tolerance range into the building civil engineering BIM model in S1; S3: Recheck and correct the building civil engineering BIM model according to the actual structural dimensions; S4: Independently establish an electromechanical BIM model and conduct independent inspection on the BIM electromechanical model; The electromechanical model includes a pipeline model and an equipment model; S5: Integrate the electromechanical BIM model and the building civil engineering BIM model in S3 and conduct collision inspection; S6: If collision points occur, adjust and optimize the structural dimensions or installation positions of the electromechanical BIM model according to the situations of the collision points until no collision points appear; If no collision points appear, directly go to the subsequent steps; S7: Conduct modeling and quantity calculation on the electromechanical BIM model and purchase materials according to the quantity; S8: Install the electromechanical equipment and pipelines into the constructed overall building structure and conduct recheck according to the actual installation situation. After passing the recheck, complete the installation of the electromechanical equipment and pipelines; Before step S8, it also includes establishing a support and hanger BIM model, judging the load-bearing situation and layout position of each support and hanger according to various pipeline BIM models, then designing the structure of the support and hanger according to the load-bearing situation and layout position of the support and hanger, and pre-installing the support and hanger before installing the pipeline. The support and hanger is used to fix the pipeline to the beam; It also includes identifying and distinguishing the building civil engineering BIM model and the electromechanical BIM model according to component families to form a filter system.

2. The method for building a house based on the BIM preset model according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S5, the distance between the strong electricity and weak electricity cable trays is not less than 0.3m, and the distance between pipelines is not less than 0.1m.

3. The method for building a house based on the BIM preset model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drawing colors of various pipelines are different, and different pipelines are distinguished by colors.

4. The method for building a house based on a BIM preset model according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S8, it includes correcting the installation positions of the pipelines in the BIM model according to the actual construction situation, and the correction range is ±5cm.

5. The method for building a house based on the BIM preset model according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during the process of establishing the pipeline model, leave space for pipe branch bends and tees.

6. The method for building a house based on the BIM preset model according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the modeling sequence includes one or more of from long-term pipelines to temporary pipelines, from non-pressure pipelines to high-pressure pipelines to low-pressure pipelines, from non-metal pipelines to metal pipelines, from refrigeration pipelines to hot water pipelines to cold water pipelines, and from drainage pipelines to water supply pipelines.

7. The method for building a house based on the BIM preset model according to claim 1, wherein, Import the structural dimensions rechecked in step S8 into the BIM model, conduct secondary quantity calculation, compare the secondary quantity calculation with the actually used materials, and analyze the material waste rate and the reasons for material waste.

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