A method for identifying cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation, and belongs to the technical field of cold resistance detection of rubber tree germplasm. The method first selects the rubber tree germplasm to be detected; then ethylene or ethephon is used to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be detected; then the peeling and gum flow rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be detected is calculated; finally, by formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, wherein Y represents the cold damage level of the rubber tree germplasm, and X represents the peeling and gum flow rate, the cold damage level of the germplasm is calculated. The method of the present invention has fast detection speed and high accuracy, can assist the cold resistance breeding of rubber tree, significantly shortens the cold resistance identification time of germplasm, thereby saving manpower and material resources in the cold resistance breeding of rubber tree, and is suitable for the cold resistance identification of various rubber tree germplasms, and is easy to promote and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cold resistance detection of rubber tree germplasm, and particularly relates to a method for identifying cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation. Background Art

[0002] The Brazilian rubber tree is native to the Amazon River Basin in South America and is a typical tropical tree species. The world's traditional rubber tree planting area is between 10 degrees south of the equator and 15 degrees north of the equator. Most of my country's rubber tree planting areas are located 20-23 degrees north of the equator, with a large northward shift in planting latitudes. They are non-traditional planting areas and are mostly planted in mountainous areas. Low temperature and cold damage are the main environmental stress factors in this planting area. Therefore, when selecting, introducing and promoting varieties, the cold resistance of germplasm must be identified.

[0003] Traditional rubber tree germplasm cold resistance identification method is to establish a rubber tree multi-quality sentinel nursery test area in areas where rubber trees should not be planted, and identify the cold resistance of germplasm by observing the cold damage level of rubber tree seedlings after wintering. The shortcoming of this method is that it must rely on the wintering temperature of the sentinel nursery test area. If the temperature is too high, most germplasms are not subject to cold damage, and the cold resistance of germplasm cannot be detected; if the temperature is too low, all participating germplasm rubber trees will be frozen to death as a whole, and the cold resistance of germplasm cannot be detected. Therefore, it is often necessary to test for many years to have results. Now, although artificial climate boxes have been invented to simulate low temperatures to detect the cold resistance of rubber trees, the simulated environmental factors are limited, and the accuracy of detection is not as good as that of sentinel nurseries. Therefore, how to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the field of rubber tree cold resistance detection technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to solve the deficiencies of existing cold resistance identification technology of rubber tree germplasm, and provides a method for identifying cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation. The method can quickly and accurately complete the cold resistance identification of rubber tree germplasm under a field environment, and the detection process overcomes the dependence of the existing detection method on the environment under an existing field detection environment.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation comprises the following steps:

[0007] Select rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0008] Using ethylene or ethephon to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0009] Drilling holes to extract glue;

[0010] Investigate the number of rubber trees with peeling and gum leakage;

[0011] Calculate the peeling and gum flow rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0012] The cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm was calculated by the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate.

[0013] Further, preferably, an aqueous solution of ethephon with a volume concentration of 2% is used to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested.

[0014] Further, preferably, in May of the same year, a special stimulation medicine box for rubber trees is installed 1.3 meters above the ground for each rubber tree, and 15 ml of 2% ethephon water agent is added to each medicine box; and 5 ml of 2% ethephon water agent is added to the medicine box every month thereafter;

[0015] On the 7th day after adding ethephon water solution, drill holes 2 cm around the medicine box, and the bottom of the hole needs to be 2 mm away from the wood; drill once every 6 days thereafter, drill 2 holes each time, and the distance between adjacent holes is 1 cm; continue drilling holes regularly from early May to the end of September, and then, without any treatment, investigate and count the rubber tree peeling and gum flow rate until early December.

[0016] Further, preferably, holes are drilled around the medicine box using an electric drill with a 2 mm diameter drill.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, 45 rubber trees are selected from each germplasm and divided into three replicates, with 15 trees in each replicate.

[0018] Furthermore, preferably, the bark bursting and gum flow rate of rubber tree germplasm = (bark bursting and gum flow plants in repetition 1 + bark bursting and gum flow plants in repetition 2 + bark bursting and gum flow plants in repetition 3) / total number of germplasm plants surveyed*100.

[0019] Further, preferably, the cold damage level of the rubber tree germplasm is calculated using the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, wherein Y represents the cold damage level of the rubber tree germplasm, and X represents the peeling and gum flow rate.

[0020] The concept of the present invention is that when rubber trees encounter low temperature adversity, endogenous ethylene will be produced to change physiological metabolism to adapt to low temperature environment, and the pathways of its response to low temperature and the pathways of response to ethylene are mostly overlapped, therefore, exogenous ethylene stimulation can be used to simulate low temperature signals to make rubber trees produce physiological and biochemical changes that adapt to low temperature. And continuous ethylene stimulation is equivalent to sending continuous low temperature signals, which can be used to detect the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm.

[0021] The present invention uses ethylene stimulation to identify the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm. The "ethylene stimulation" means that the final stimulus is ethylene, regardless of which stimulation method is used, such as ethylene gas stimulation or ethephon stimulation.

[0022] Through years of research, the present invention has established a relationship function between the cold damage level of rubber trees and the rate of peeling and gum flow. Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the rate of peeling and gum flow.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation at a faster and higher accuracy rate, and the method can quickly and accurately complete the cold resistance identification of rubber tree germplasm under a field environment. The detection process overcomes the dependence of existing detection methods on the environment under an existing field detection environment.

[0025] The method of the present invention can assist cold-resistant breeding of rubber trees, significantly shorten the cold-resistant identification time of germplasm, thereby saving manpower and material resources in cold-resistant breeding of rubber trees. The method of the present invention is applicable to cold-resistant identification of various rubber tree germplasms and is easy to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the relationship function between the cold damage level of rubber trees and the rate of peeling and gum flow, R 2 =0.9614. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0028] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product specifications are used. If the manufacturer of the materials or equipment used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation comprises the following steps:

[0031] Select rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0032] Using ethylene or ethephon to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0033] Drilling holes to extract glue;

[0034] Investigate the number of rubber trees with peeling and gumming; calculate the peeling and gumming rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0035] The cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm was calculated by the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber trees through ethylene stimulation comprises the following steps:

[0038] Select rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0039] Using ethylene or ethephon to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0040] Calculate the peeling and gum flow rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0041] The cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm was calculated by the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate.

[0042] The ethephon aqueous solution with a volume concentration of 2% was used to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested.

[0043] In May of the same year, a special stimulation medicine box for rubber trees was installed within 1.3 meters of each rubber tree, and 15 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to each medicine box; 5 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to the medicine box every month thereafter;

[0044] On the 7th day after adding ethephon water solution, drill holes 2 cm around the medicine box, and the bottom of the hole needs to be 2 mm away from the wood; drill once every 6 days thereafter, drill 2 holes each time, and the distance between adjacent holes is 1 cm; continue drilling holes regularly from early May to the end of September, and then, without any treatment, investigate and count the rubber tree peeling and gum flow rate until early December.

[0045] Use an electric drill with a 2mm diameter drill bit to drill holes around the medicine box.

[0046] Forty-five rubber trees were selected from each germplasm and divided into three replicates, with 15 trees in each replicate.

[0047] The rate of bark bursting and gum flow of germplasm = (bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 1 + bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 2 + bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 3) / total number of germplasm plants surveyed * 100.

[0048] Application Examples

[0049] A method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm through ethylene stimulation comprises the following steps:

[0050] Select rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0051] Using ethylene or ethephon to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0052] Drilling holes to extract glue;

[0053] Investigate the number of rubber trees with peeling and gum leakage;

[0054] Calculate the peeling and gum flow rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be tested;

[0055] The cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm was calculated by the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate.

[0056] Select rubber tree germplasm to be tested, which can be one or many species. Select 45 rubber trees for each germplasm and divide them into three replicates, with 15 trees in each replicate. The experimental design adopts randomized blocks.

[0057] In May of that year, a special stimulation medicine box for rubber trees (patent number: ZL201922003115.7) was installed 1.3 meters above the ground on each rubber tree, and 15 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to each medicine box. In the future, 5 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to each medicine box every month.

[0058] On the 7th day after adding the stimulant, use an electric drill with a 2mm diameter drill to drill holes around the medicine box. The bottom of the hole should be 2mm away from the wood. Drill once every 6 days, 2 holes each time, and the distance between adjacent holes is 1cm. Drill holes regularly from the beginning of May to the end of September. Then, without any treatment, the rubber tree peeling and gum flow rate was investigated and counted by germplasm and plant by plant until the beginning of December.

[0059] The rate of skin bursting and gum flow of germplasm = (strains with skin bursting and gum flow in replication 1 + strains with skin bursting and gum flow in replication 2 + strains with skin bursting and gum flow in replication 3) / total number of germplasm plants surveyed * 100

[0060] Then, the cold damage level of the rubber tree germplasm is calculated using the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971 (where Y represents the cold damage level of the rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate).

[0061] It should be pointed out that the correlation function formula between the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and the rate of peeling and gum flow is a regression equation established by the inventor using the test results of the cold-resistant outpost nursery of many varieties of rubber trees for many years and the rate of peeling and gum flow, see Figure 1 .

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation, characterized in that, The steps include: Select the rubber tree germplasm to be tested; Using ethylene or ethephon to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested; Drilling holes to extract glue; Investigate the number of rubber trees with peeling and gum leakage; Calculate the peeling and gum flow rate of the rubber tree germplasm to be tested; The cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm was calculated by the formula Y=0.1155X+1.7971, where Y represents the cold damage level of rubber tree germplasm and X represents the bark bursting and gum flow rate.

2. The method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ethephon aqueous solution with a volume concentration of 2% was used to stimulate the rubber tree germplasm to be tested.

3. The method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In May of the same year, a special stimulation medicine box for rubber trees was installed 1.3 meters above the ground on each rubber tree, and 15 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to each medicine box; 5 ml of 2% ethephon water was added to the medicine box every month thereafter; On the 7th day after adding ethephon water solution, drill holes 2 cm around the medicine box, and the bottom of the hole needs to be 2 mm away from the wood; drill once every 6 days thereafter, drill 2 holes each time, and the distance between adjacent holes is 1 cm; continue drilling holes regularly from early May to the end of September, and then, without any treatment, investigate and count the rubber tree peeling and gum flow rate until early December.

4. The method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, Use an electric drill with a 2mm diameter drill bit to drill holes around the medicine box.

5. The method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, Forty-five rubber trees were selected from each germplasm and divided into three replicates, with 15 trees in each replicate.

6. The method for identifying the cold resistance of rubber tree germplasm by ethylene stimulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rate of bark bursting and gum flow of germplasm = (bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 1 + bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 2 + bark bursting and gum flow strains in replicate 3) / total number of germplasm plants surveyed * 100.

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