Optical matrix-vector multiplier based on polarization rotating beam splitter

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotation beam splitter, comprising a multi-wavelength light source module composed of a semiconductor laser array, an electro-optical conversion module composed of a modulator array, a signal weighting module based on a reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter array, and a signal accumulation module composed of a balanced detector and a transimpedance amplifier. The present invention realizes a reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter by combining phase change materials with metasurface structures. The reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter can separate TE polarization mode optical signals and TM polarization mode optical signals, and by adding a bias voltage as an external excitation, the crystalline state of the phase change waveguide surface of the polarization rotation beam splitter can be changed, thereby changing the ratio of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal. The weight value is expressed according to the difference between the power components of polarization modes with different ratios, so that the weight state can be precisely controlled, and the problem of expressing the positive and negative states of the weight can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical computing technology, and in particular to an optical matrix vector multiplier implemented based on a polarization rotating beam splitter. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, today's society has entered the era of big data and artificial intelligence, and data information has exploded. In this context, people have higher and higher requirements for data processing and computing efficiency. The application of artificial intelligence depends largely on the processing of a large number of large data sets, involving a large number of matrix multiplication operations, which consumes a lot of energy and has a slow training speed for traditional computer electronic hardware frameworks. There are two main factors that hinder the further improvement of computing efficiency. One is that the development of Moore's Law is approaching its physical limit, and the other is the "von Neumann bottleneck", that is, the access between memory and data processing units increases the cost of data movement.

[0003] In order to solve the bottleneck problem of computing efficiency, people began to explore the use of hardware architecture composed of integrated optoelectronic devices to accelerate the process of matrix multiplication operations. Light not only has the characteristics of high speed, parallelism, low crosstalk, low latency, low energy consumption, and high interconnection bandwidth, but also the processes of various active and passive optoelectronic devices such as on-chip lasers, modulators, detectors, and waveguides are becoming more and more mature, which makes low-cost and large-scale optical computing hardware possible in the future.

[0004] At present, there are two main schemes for realizing matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) operations through on-chip integrated optical devices. One is to use the singular value decomposition principle to realize the matrix multiplication unit based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) device. The cascaded MZI network has good application feasibility due to the advantages of large device processing feature size, good tolerance characteristics, small insertion loss, single wavelength, convenient regulation, and complete theory. However, its feature size is large, resulting in high energy consumption. The other is to use the wavelength division multiplexing principle to realize the matrix multiplication unit based on the microring resonator (MRR). The microring device has the advantages of small size and low energy consumption, but it is very sensitive to temperature, and the process error has a great impact on its performance. The implementation of the above two schemes requires power to maintain the expression of the weight state, resulting in high computational energy consumption. In addition, due to the physical characteristics of the device itself, it is still difficult to achieve high-precision weighted operations.

[0005] In the prior art, whether using an MZI network or an MRR array to weight the input optical signal, the device needs to be powered on to maintain the weight state, resulting in high computational energy consumption, and the method of using the resonance peak transmission curve of the microring resonator as the mapping function of the weighted signal. Due to the device characteristics of the microring itself, the sidebands of its resonance peak transmission spectrum are very steep, and its resonance wavelength is very sensitive to temperature changes, which makes the actual control process difficult and is not conducive to achieving high-precision weighted operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0007] Based on this, the present invention proposes an optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotation beam splitter, which uses the difference between the power components of different polarization modes in a multimode waveguide to represent the weight value, thereby achieving precise control of the weight state and solving the problem of expressing the positive and negative states of the weight.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical matrix vector multiplier implemented based on a polarization rotation beam splitter, comprising:

[0010] A multi-wavelength light source module, comprising n semiconductor lasers, for outputting n continuous light signals with different wavelengths, where n is a positive integer;

[0011] The electro-optical conversion module includes a modulator array composed of n modulators, and the modulator array is used to modulate each input continuous optical signal and convert the continuous optical signal into an analog optical signal;

[0012] A signal weighting module includes a polarization rotation beam splitter array composed of n reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitters, wherein the polarization rotation beam splitter includes a polarization rotator and a polarization beam splitter;

[0013] The polarization rotator includes a multimode waveguide and a phase change waveguide with a metasurface structure, and the polarization rotator is used to convert each analog optical signal into a TE polarization mode and a TM polarization mode;

[0014] The polarization beam splitter is used to separate the analog optical signals of the TE polarization mode and the TM polarization mode to obtain the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal;

[0015] A signal accumulation module, including a balanced detector and a transimpedance amplifier;

[0016] The balanced detector includes a first detector and a second detector connected in reverse, the first detector and the second detector are respectively used to receive the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal separated by the signal weighting module of each analog optical signal, and combine the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal after photoelectric detection to convert them into photocurrent output;

[0017] The transimpedance amplifier is used to amplify the photocurrent and output it.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to convert the continuous optical signal input by the multi-wavelength light source module into a continuous electrical signal, and convert the continuous electrical signal into an analog electrical signal through a digital-to-analog converter through the radio frequency end, and then perform electro-optical conversion on the analog electrical signal through a modulator to obtain an analog optical signal.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module further includes an optical input terminal, a bias terminal and an output terminal;

[0020] Wherein, the optical input end is used to input the continuous optical signals of different wavelengths generated by the semiconductor laser into the modulator array;

[0021] Bias terminal, used to input bias voltage to make the modulator array work normally;

[0022] The output end is used to output the analog optical signal after the electro-optical conversion to the signal weighting module.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to form a matrix with n columns and m rows from n continuous optical signals and the m elements contained in each continuous optical signal. Each row of the matrix elements is modulated by the modulator in chronological order. The n continuous optical signals are modulated by the modulator array and then output to obtain an analog optical signal carrying the information of each row of the matrix elements, where m is a positive integer.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the weight value of the signal weighting module is obtained by the difference between the ratios of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal to the total power of the analog optical signal;

[0025] or

[0026] The vector value is obtained by multiplying each row of the matrix.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change waveguide is formed by depositing a phase change material on the surface of the waveguide, and the crystal state of the surface of the phase change waveguide can be changed by optical or electrical stimulation.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change waveguide includes a super surface structure formed by a silicon dioxide bottom layer, a silicon waveguide layer and a phase change material nanostructure arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metasurface structure includes a gradient structure composed of different nanostructure arrays with a constant phase difference, and the nanostructure arrays are spaced apart by a sub-wavelength distance.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-wavelength light source module, the electro-optical conversion module and the signal weighting module are connected in series using a first bus waveguide.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal output by the signal weighting module are coupled to the second bus waveguide through a directional coupler and transmitted to the signal accumulation module.

[0032] (III) Beneficial effects

[0033] 1. The present invention realizes a reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter by combining phase change materials with metasurface structures. The reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter can separate TE polarization mode optical signals and TM polarization mode optical signals, and by adding bias voltage as external excitation, the crystalline state of the phase change waveguide surface of the polarization rotation beam splitter can be changed, thereby changing the ratio of TE polarization mode optical signals and TM polarization mode optical signals. The weight value is expressed according to the difference between the power components of polarization modes with different ratios, which can realize precise control of the weight state and solve the problem of expressing the positive and negative states of the weight.

[0034] 2. A reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter is used to weight the input continuous optical signal. When the external excitation is eliminated, the phase change waveguide can still maintain the crystalline state of its material unchanged, which means that the weight can be maintained at the initial setting level without the need for external energy to maintain it. For computationally intensive applications, it can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the computing process.

[0035] 3. The present invention converts the signal weight value setting into the difference between the power components of the two polarization modes in the waveguide, and indirectly completes the weighted processing of the input optical signal, which has greater fault tolerance and is conducive to achieving higher-precision weight control. The present invention can not only solve the problem of positive and negative expression of values ​​in the process of matrix multiplication operations and realize the multiplication and addition of negative numbers; it can also realize compact and low-power optical matrix operation functions, and is expected to provide a new approach for future optical computing architectures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotation beam splitter of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the polarization rotation beam splitter of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotation beam splitter of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical matrix vector multiplier includes: semiconductor lasers (Lasers), modulator arrays (Modulaters), a polarization rotator (PR), a polarization beam splitter (PBS), a first detector (PD1), a second detector (PD2) and a transimpedance amplifier (TIA).

[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, an optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotation beam splitter is provided, which uses an architecture composed of various optoelectronic devices integrated on a chip to complete the matrix vector multiplication function and realize high-speed and low-power computing hardware. The optical matrix vector multiplier includes:

[0042] The multi-wavelength light source module includes n semiconductor lasers, which are used to output n continuous light signals with different wavelengths, where n is a positive integer. Figure 1 As shown, the input wavelength is (λ1 λ2 λ3 ... λ n ) continuous optical signal.

[0043] The electro-optical conversion module includes a modulator array composed of n modulators, and the modulator array is used to modulate each input continuous optical signal and convert the continuous optical signal into an analog optical signal, for example, Figure 1 As shown, at time t = m, the wavelength is (λ1 λ2 λ3 ... λ n The mth row element of the matrix loaded by the continuous optical signal is (x m1 x m2 x m3 ...x mn ), the continuous optical signals of n wavelengths are modulated by n modulators and then output to obtain analog optical signals carrying the information of each row of the matrix.

[0044] The signal weighting module comprises a polarization rotation beam splitter array composed of n reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitters, wherein the polarization rotation beam splitter comprises a polarization rotator and a polarization beam splitter.

[0045] The polarization rotator includes a multimode waveguide and a phase change waveguide with a metasurface structure, and the polarization rotator is used to convert each analog optical signal into a TE polarization mode and a TM polarization mode.

[0046] The mode in the multimode waveguide interacts with the metasurface structure based on phase change materials, partially converting the input TE polarization mode into the TM polarization mode. At this time, TE polarization and TM polarization modes coexist in the multimode waveguide. The crystal state of the phase change material can be changed by optical or electrical stimulation to achieve the regulation of the proportion of the two polarization mode components in the multimode waveguide.

[0047] The polarization beam splitter is used to separate the analog optical signals of the TE polarization mode and the TM polarization mode to obtain the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal;

[0048] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the weight value can be output by the difference between the power components of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal at t = m, that is, (w1 w2 w3 ... w n ).

[0049] A signal accumulation module, including a balanced detector and a transimpedance amplifier;

[0050] The balanced detector includes a first detector and a second detector connected in reverse, the first detector and the second detector are respectively used to receive the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal separated by the signal weighting module of each analog optical signal, and combine the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal after photoelectric detection to convert them into photocurrent output;

[0051] The transimpedance amplifier is used to amplify the photocurrent and output it.

[0052] Since the output currents of the first detector and the second detector are in opposite directions, the combination is equivalent to completing the subtraction function of the signal, and finally the output voltage signal is obtained by amplifying it through a transimpedance amplifier.

[0053] The multi-wavelength light source module generates a continuous optical signal of n wavelengths and transmits it to the electro-optical conversion module. Each row element of the input matrix is ​​loaded onto the n-channel modulators in time series. The modulated analog optical signal is transmitted along the multi-mode waveguide to the polarization rotation beam splitter array of the signal weighting module for signal weighting processing. This process converts the TE mode part of the analog optical signal into the TM mode and separates the two to obtain TE polarization mode optical signal and TM polarization mode optical signal. The TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal are respectively coupled to the two second bus waveguides through directional couplers, and then detected by a balanced detector and amplified by a transimpedance amplifier to complete the signal accumulation process.

[0054] The present invention realizes a reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter by combining phase change material with metasurface structure. The reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter can separate TE polarization mode optical signals and TM polarization mode optical signals. By adding bias voltage as external excitation, the crystalline state of the phase change waveguide surface of the polarization rotation beam splitter can be changed, thereby changing the ratio of TE polarization mode optical signals to TM polarization mode optical signals. The weight value is expressed according to the difference between the power components of polarization modes with different ratios, which can realize precise control of the weight state and solve the problem of expressing the positive and negative states of the weight.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the semiconductor laser may be a III-V heterogeneous integrated laser or a silicon-based integrated optical frequency comb, etc.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to convert the continuous optical signal input by the multi-wavelength light source module into a continuous electrical signal, and convert the continuous electrical signal into an analog electrical signal through a digital-to-analog converter through the radio frequency end, and then perform electro-optical conversion on the analog electrical signal through a modulator to obtain an analog optical signal.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the modulator may be an MZI type electro-optic modulator or a micro-ring resonator type electro-optic modulator, etc.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module further includes an optical input terminal, a bias terminal and an output terminal;

[0059] Wherein, the optical input end is used to input the continuous optical signals of different wavelengths generated by the semiconductor laser into the modulator array;

[0060] Bias terminal, used to input bias voltage to make the modulator array work normally;

[0061] The output end is used to output the analog optical signal after the electro-optical conversion to the signal weighting module.

[0062] The multi-wavelength light source module outputs continuous optical signals with n different wavelengths respectively. Each optical signal is transmitted to the input end of the modulator through the waveguide. Each row element of the matrix is ​​input to the RF end of the modulator in chronological order. The continuous electrical signal is converted into an analog electrical signal through the digital-to-analog converter through the RF end. The bias voltage is input to the modulator through the bias end for external excitation, so that the modulator converts the analog electrical signal into an electrical-optical signal to obtain an analog optical signal. The analog optical signal is output to the signal weighting module through the output end.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to form a matrix with n columns and m rows from n continuous optical signals and the m elements contained in each continuous optical signal. Each row of the matrix elements is modulated by the modulator in chronological order. The n continuous optical signals are modulated by the modulator array and then output to obtain an analog optical signal carrying the information of each row of the matrix elements, where m is a positive integer.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, taking the multiplication of a matrix with a dimension of m×n and a vector with a dimension of n×1 as an example, the calculation formula is shown in formula (1):

[0065]

[0066] Furthermore, matrix-vector multiplication can be decomposed into a dot product operation between vectors, multiplying the elements in each row of the matrix with each element in the vector, as shown in formula (2):

[0067] y m =x m1 w1+x m2 ·w2+x m3 ·w3+...+x mn ·w n (2)

[0068] The multi-wavelength light source module outputs continuous optical signals with n different wavelengths. Each optical signal is transmitted to the input end of the modulator through the waveguide. Each row element of the matrix is ​​input to the RF end of the modulator in chronological order. For example, at time t=1, the first row element of the matrix (x 11 x 12 x 13 ... x 1n ) are loaded to the RF end of n modulators respectively, and so on. At time t = m, the mth row element (x m1 x m2 x m3 ... x mn ). The continuous optical signals of n wavelengths are modulated by n modulators and then output to obtain analog optical signals carrying the information of each row of the matrix. The light intensity of the analog optical signal represents the value of the matrix. The analog optical signal that completes the matrix signal input conversion is transmitted along the first bus waveguide to the signal weighting module.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the weight value of the signal weighting module is obtained by the difference between the ratios of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal to the total power of the analog optical signal.

[0070] For the analog optical signal of a specific wavelength transmitted in each path, as shown in equations (3)-(4), the difference between the power components of the polarization film passing through the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal is used to represent the weight value of the input signal and normalized, that is:

[0071]

[0072] P TEn +P TMn =1 (4)

[0073] P TEn , P TMn Respectively represent the wavelength of the nth path as λ n The optical power of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal transmitted in the waveguide. In this way, the numerical domain expression of w can be extended to the negative domain, and further, the signal value at the output end of the balanced detector at time t = m can be obtained as shown in formula (5):

[0074]

[0075] Performs matrix and vector multiplication.

[0076] Or it can be obtained by multiplying the vector value of each row of the matrix. The weight value is (w1 w2 w3 ... w n ).

[0077] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the polarization rotation beam splitter of the present invention.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change waveguide is formed by depositing a phase change material on the surface of the waveguide, and the crystal state of the surface of the phase change waveguide can be changed by optical or electrical stimulation.

[0079] Phase change material is deposited on the surface of the waveguide, and the crystal state of the phase change material is changed through optical or electrical stimulation, so that the light completes the polarization mode conversion after passing through the phase change material metasurface structure, thereby controlling the components of different polarization modes in the waveguide, and then separating the two polarization modes through a polarization beam splitter to realize the reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitter function.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change waveguide includes a super surface structure formed by a silicon dioxide bottom layer, a silicon waveguide layer and a phase change material nanostructure arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metasurface structure includes a gradient structure composed of different nanostructure arrays with a constant phase difference, and the nanostructure arrays are spaced apart by a sub-wavelength distance.

[0082] By designing the parameters of the metasurface structure on the phase change waveguide and using the phase gradient formed on the surface by the refractive index difference between the metasurface structure and the waveguide, the polarization and mode of the light wave transmitted in the phase change waveguide can be controlled. The gradient metasurface is composed of an array of different nanostructures with a constant phase difference dφ and a sub-wavelength spacing dx, forming a unidirectional phase gradient dφ / dx on the waveguide surface, which is equivalent to introducing a unidirectional effective wave vector k eff When the analog optical signal propagates in a phase change waveguide with a phase gradient metasurface structure, the strong interaction between the nanostructure array and the optical wave mode enables a large change in the wave vector within a transmission distance of several wavelengths, thus enabling the transformation of the waveguide mode within a smaller device volume, which is conducive to the large-scale integration of optical matrix multipliers.

[0083] Most of the materials of metasurface structures are precious metals and dielectric materials. For traditional metasurface structures made of metal or dielectric materials, the material properties determine their effective refractive index, which in turn affects the design of nanostructure parameters. When the structural design parameters are determined, the device can only achieve the function of regulating light waves in the waveguide under specific functions and is not reconfigurable.

[0084] Phase change materials have become widely studied materials in the field of optical computing because their optical properties change with the phase change process. By combining them with metasurface structures, the reconfigurability of the device can be achieved through external voltage or light pulses, and the conversion process of the polarization state in the waveguide can be precisely controlled to complete the weighted multiplication of the input optical signal. In addition, after the external electrical or optical stimulation is removed, the crystalline state of the material can theoretically remain in a relatively stable state. Therefore, when it is applied to optical computing, the static power consumption is theoretically zero, which is conducive to the realization of large-scale low-energy optical computing acceleration hardware.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-wavelength light source module, the electro-optical conversion module and the signal weighting module are connected in series using a first bus waveguide.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal output by the signal weighting module are coupled to the second bus waveguide through a directional coupler and transmitted to the signal accumulation module.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output ends of the two second bus waveguides are connected to a balanced detector for detection. Since the photocurrents detected at the two ends of the balanced detector are in opposite directions, the difference between the optical signals in the two second bus waveguides is output at the output end after amplification by a transimpedance amplifier.

[0088] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical matrix vector multiplier based on a polarization rotating beam splitter, comprising: A multi-wavelength light source module, comprising n semiconductor lasers, for outputting n continuous light signals with different wavelengths, where n is a positive integer; An electro-optical conversion module, comprising a modulator array consisting of n modulators, wherein the modulator array is used to modulate each input continuous optical signal and convert the continuous optical signal into an analog optical signal; A signal weighting module, comprising a polarization rotation beam splitter array composed of n reconfigurable polarization rotation beam splitters, wherein the polarization rotation beam splitter comprises a polarization rotator and a polarization beam splitter; Wherein, the polarization rotator comprises a multimode waveguide and a phase change waveguide having a metasurface structure, and the polarization rotator is used to convert each analog optical signal into a TE polarization mode and a TM polarization mode; The polarization beam splitter is used to separate the analog optical signals of the TE polarization mode and the TM polarization mode to obtain TE polarization mode optical signals and TM polarization mode optical signals; the signal accumulation module includes a balanced detector and a transimpedance amplifier; The balanced detector comprises a first detector and a second detector connected in reverse, wherein the first detector and the second detector are respectively used to receive the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal separated by the signal weighting module from each analog optical signal, and combine the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal after photoelectric detection to convert them into photocurrent output; The transimpedance amplifier is used to amplify the photocurrent and then output it.

2. According to the optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 1, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to convert the continuous optical signal input by the multi-wavelength light source module into a continuous electrical signal, and convert the continuous electrical signal into an analog electrical signal through a digital-to-analog converter through the radio frequency end, and then perform electro-optical conversion on the analog electrical signal through the modulator to obtain an analog optical signal.

3. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 2, wherein the electro-optical conversion module further comprises an optical input terminal, a bias terminal and an output terminal; in, The optical input end is used to input the continuous optical signals of different wavelengths generated by the semiconductor laser into the modulator array; The bias terminal is used to input a bias voltage to enable the modulator array to work normally; The output end is used to output the analog optical signal after the electro-optical conversion to the signal weighting module.

4. According to the optical matrix vector multiplier of claim 1, the electro-optical conversion module is also used to form a matrix with n columns and m rows by converting the n continuous optical signals and the m elements contained in each of the continuous optical signals, and each row of the matrix elements is modulated by the modulator in chronological order, and the n continuous optical signals are respectively modulated by the modulator array and then output to obtain the analog optical signal carrying the information of each row of the matrix elements, and m is a positive integer.

5. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 4, wherein the weight value of the signal weighting module is obtained by the difference between the ratios of the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal to the total power of the analog optical signal; or The vector value is obtained by multiplying the elements of each row of the matrix.

6. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the phase change waveguide is formed by depositing a phase change material on a waveguide surface, and the crystalline state of the phase change waveguide surface can be changed by optical or electrical stimulation.

7. According to the optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 1 or 6, the phase change waveguide includes the super surface structure formed by a silicon dioxide bottom layer, a silicon waveguide layer and a phase change material nanostructure arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

8. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 7, wherein the metasurface structure comprises a gradient structure consisting of different nanostructure arrays with a constant phase difference, wherein the nanostructure arrays are spaced apart at a sub-wavelength distance.

9. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the multi-wavelength light source module, the electro-optical conversion module and the signal weighting module are connected in series using a first bus waveguide.

10. The optical matrix vector multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the TE polarization mode optical signal and the TM polarization mode optical signal output by the signal weighting module are coupled to a second bus waveguide through a directional coupler and transmitted to the signal accumulation module.

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