A mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel and a reinforcement method

Abstract

A mobile device and reinforcement method for controlling the buoyancy of a shield tunnel, the mobile device at least includes a battery car, a water storage tank, a drainage pipe, a sheet steel frame and a steel connector. The water storage tank is mounted on the body of each battery car; each segment hole on the shield tunnel segment is connected to the water storage tank through a drainage pipe; the sheet steel frame is arranged in several groups along the radial direction of the shield tunnel, and is arranged around the water storage tank and between the shield tunnel segments; the steel connector is connected to each group of sheet steel frames along the radial direction of the shield tunnel. The reinforcement method includes the following steps: 1) draining the tunnel through the segment holes; 2) using several battery cars to support the water storage tank in the tunnel, and each group of sheet steel frames and steel connectors around the water storage tank are used as steel frame supports to reinforce and support the shield tunnel segments; 3) tunnel weight reinforcement; 4) dynamic real-time adjustment of the weight of the battery car. The present invention has the characteristics of rapidity, mobility, real-time performance, etc., and can control the buoyancy of the shield tunnel to ensure the safety of the shield tunnel structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction, and in particular to a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel and a reinforcement method. Background Art

[0002] At present, more and more underground spaces near rail transit are being developed, and foundation pit excavation is inevitably carried out above the shield tunnel, resulting in the unloading of soil above the shield tunnel. The soil unloading caused by ground foundation pit excavation produces additional stress and deformation on the shield tunnel. At the same time, due to the rise of groundwater level, the pore water pressure of the soil increases, the effective stress decreases, the soil rebounds, and the compression modulus of the soil decreases. Under the same stress level, the soil presents a large strain and deformation. The rebound deformation of the upper soil makes the lower soil layer subject to upward stress, causing the shield tunnel to float, causing the shield tunnel segments to crack, misalign, and deform, seriously affecting the structural safety of the shield tunnel and even affecting the safety of subway operations.

[0003] The existing methods for controlling the deformation of shield tunnels mainly focus on soil strip excavation, soil reinforcement, and the installation of sheet pile anchors, while there are fewer methods for reinforcing and controlling shield tunnels. The existing drainage and pressure reduction methods can only reduce pressure through precipitation, and cannot cope with the tunnel floating caused by foundation pit excavation. In addition, most of the existing drainage devices are fixed and require a large investment. Therefore, it is necessary to take a series of measures to reinforce and control the shield tunnel while draining water and reducing pressure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mobile device and reinforcement method for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing method for controlling the deformation of a shield tunnel, so as to control the deformation of the shield tunnel in real time, solve the shortcomings of the original one-sided control of the floating deformation of the shield tunnel, and ensure the structural safety of the shield tunnel while having the advantages of good mobility and portability, wide application range, reusability, and low investment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0006] A mobile device for controlling the buoyancy of a shield tunnel comprises at least a battery car, a water storage tank, a drainage pipe, a sheet steel frame and a steel connecting piece. The battery cars are provided in a plurality (the battery cars are used as movable supporting devices, and the number is determined according to the actual needs on site) and arranged in the shield tunnel. The water storage tank is mounted on the body of each battery car. A plurality of segment holes are reserved on the shield tunnel segment, and each segment hole is connected to the water storage tank through a drainage pipe. The sheet steel frames are arranged in a plurality of groups along the radial direction of the shield tunnel, and each group of sheet steel frames is arranged around the water storage tank and between the shield tunnel segment, and the bottom of the sheet steel frames is welded to the body of the battery car. The steel connecting piece is arranged on the side and top of the shield tunnel, and each steel connecting piece is connected to each group of sheet steel frames along the radial direction of the shield tunnel.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the sheet steel frame is welded by annular [14b steel, I22b steel and I16 steel, I16 steel is welded to the body of the battery vehicle, I22b steel is welded to I16 steel, and annular [14b steel is welded to the periphery of I22b steel and I16 steel.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the steel connectors are made of several long strips of [14b steel, and each steel connector is connected to the circular ring-shaped [14b steel on the periphery of each group of sheet steel frames along the radial direction of the shield tunnel by bolts.

[0009] According to the above scheme, it also includes an adjustable support, which is arranged between the sheet steel frame and the shield tunnel segment. The sheet steel frame and the shield tunnel segment are in contact through the adjustable support.

[0010] According to the above scheme, a number of holes are opened on the circular ring-shaped [14b steel on the periphery of the sheet steel frame, and nuts are welded at each opening. The adjustable support includes a threaded steel pipe and a support plate. One end of the threaded steel pipe is connected to the nut welded at the opening, and the other end of the threaded steel pipe is fixedly connected to the support plate. A rubber pad is installed on the support plate. The sheet steel frame contacts the shield tunnel segment through the rubber pad on the support plate.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the water storage tank is a circular water storage tank, and the interior of the water storage tank is divided into a water storage area and an auxiliary weight-bearing area by a partition.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for reinforcing a shield tunnel using the mobile device for controlling the floating of the shield tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) When the groundwater level rises, drainage is carried out through the reserved holes on the shield tunnel segments to reduce the buoyancy of the groundwater on the shield tunnel segments. At the same time, the discharged groundwater is input into the water storage tank through the drainage pipe, increasing the weight of the battery car and playing a role in resisting buoyancy;

[0014] (2) Several battery cars are used as movable support devices in the tunnel to support the water tank. The groups of sheet steel frames and steel connectors around the water tank serve as steel frame supports to reinforce and support the shield tunnel segments and prevent deformation and damage of the shield tunnel segments.

[0015] (3) Tunnel weight reinforcement: When the shield tunnel still has a tendency to float up after drainage through the segment holes, the weight of the battery car is increased by injecting water into the water tank on the battery car and setting sandbags in the auxiliary weight area. After the weight is set, monitoring points are set up in the tunnel and regularly monitored using a total station.

[0016] According to the above scheme, the method further includes step (4): dynamically adjusting the weight of the battery vehicle in real time. When the foundation pit is excavated above the shield tunnel, the weight of the battery vehicle is adjusted in real time by adjusting the amount of water in the water storage tank according to the weight of the foundation pit excavation. If the anti-floating requirement is still not met after the water storage tank is filled with water, sandbags are set in the auxiliary weight-bearing area to meet the anti-floating requirement.

[0017] According to the above scheme, in step (2), nuts are welded at corresponding positions on the periphery of each sheet steel frame and holes are opened, adjustable supports are installed in the holes, rubber pads are installed on the support plates, and the sheet steel frames are in contact with the shield tunnel segments through the rubber pads on the support plates (the adjustable supports cooperate with each group of sheet steel frames to form a telescopically adjustable steel frame support to suit shield tunnels of different diameters, and the rubber pads enable the adjustable supports to fit shield tunnel segments of different curvatures).

[0018] According to the above scheme, in step (3), the weight adjustment is assisted by monitoring technology, specifically: the monitoring points include arch settlement monitoring points and horizontal displacement monitoring points. The arch settlement monitoring points are set at the arch of the vertical center line of the tunnel, and the horizontal displacement monitoring points are set at the junction of the horizontal center line of the tunnel and the shield tunnel segment. The shield tunnel monitoring section spacing is arranged according to the actual project situation. The weight is adjusted in time through the monitoring data monitored by the total station. The monitoring data includes settlement and floating deformation. When the settlement exceeds the warning value of 10mm, the weight is appropriately reduced. When the floating deformation exceeds the warning value of 10mm, the weight is appropriately increased. At the same time, the weight and position of the battery vehicle are dynamically adjusted in real time according to the weight of the overlying excavated soil, excavation speed, excavation position and monitoring data.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. When the groundwater level rises, the present invention drains the groundwater through the holes in the tunnel segments and discharges the groundwater into the water storage tank, which can not only reduce the buoyancy of the water, but also increase the weight of the water storage tank and increase the anti-floating effect; the shield tunnel can be effectively and quickly and directly controlled in real time through multiple ways to solve the shortcomings of the original one-sided control of the shield tunnel floating deformation, and ensure the safety of the shield tunnel structure;

[0021] 2. The tunnel uses a movable support device battery car. The battery car can be moved freely in real time according to the excavation position of the foundation pit above. It has a portable mobile function. By increasing the number of battery cars, the reinforcement range of the shield tunnel segment is increased. The water tank is surrounded by a retractable steel frame to reinforce and support the shield tunnel segment to avoid deformation and damage of the shield tunnel segment; retractable and adjustable steel frame supports are installed around the water tank. The steel frame support has a retractable function and can be applied to tunnels of different diameters. It has the function of quickly reinforcing the tunnel, has a wide range of applications, and does not need to disassemble the steel frame, and has a fast speed;

[0022] 3. Each water storage tank is divided into a water storage area and a weighted area by a partition. The separation capacity of the water storage area and the weighted area is adjusted according to the amount of groundwater and the amount of excavation of the foundation pit above. The weighted area is loaded with sandbags and other weighted materials to increase the weight of the battery car, so as to control the buoyancy of the tunnel;

[0023] 4. On the basis of the above, with the assistance of monitoring technology, the weight and position of the battery vehicle can be adjusted dynamically and in real time according to the weight of the overlying excavated soil, excavation speed, excavation position and monitoring data. The principle is simple and the method is reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a transverse cross-sectional view of a sheet steel frame in a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable support in a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a water storage tank in a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of monitoring points of the monitoring section in the method of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure, 1-shield tunnel segment, 2-drainage pipe, 3-water storage tank, 4-battery car, 5-wheel, 6-steel connector, 7-sheet steel frame, 8-bolt, 9-ring-shaped [14b steel, 10-adjustable support, 11-I22b steel, 12-I16 steel, 13-threaded steel pipe, 14-rubber pad, 15-support plate, 16-nut, 17-water storage area, 18-auxiliary weight area, 19-vault settlement monitoring point, 20-horizontal displacement monitoring point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present invention, a shield tunnel mobile drainage pressure reduction anti-floating device is used in the tunnel to support and reinforce the shield tunnel segment 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shield tunnel mobile drainage pressure reduction and anti-floating device includes a drainage pipe 2, a water storage tank 3, an electric battery car 4, a sheet steel frame 7, a steel connector 6 and an adjustable support 10. A plurality of electric battery cars 4 are provided (the electric battery cars 4 are used as movable support devices, and the number is determined according to the actual needs on site), which are arranged in the shield tunnel through wheels 5; the water storage tank 3 is set in the middle of each electric battery car 4 body through a steel cage welded on the body, and is preferably a circular water storage tank; a plurality of segment holes are reserved on the shield tunnel segment 1, and each segment hole is connected to the water storage tank 3 through the drainage pipe 2; as shown Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the sheet steel frame 7 is arranged in several groups along the radial direction of the shield tunnel, each group of sheet steel frames 7 is arranged around the water storage tank 3 and between the shield tunnel segment 1, the bottom of the sheet steel frame 7 is welded to the battery car 4 body, and the steel connector 6 is arranged on the side and top of the shield tunnel. Each steel connector 6 connects each sheet steel frame 7 along the radial direction of the shield tunnel to form a detachable three-dimensional steel portal frame as a whole; the sheet steel frame 7 is composed of annular [14b steel 9, I22b steel 11, I16 steel 12 is welded, I16 steel 12 is welded to the battery car 4 body, I22b steel 11 is welded to I16 steel 12, annular [14b steel 9 is welded to the periphery of I22b steel 11 and I16 steel 12, and the steel connector 6 adopts a plurality of long strips [14b steel, each long strip [14b steel is connected to the annular [14b steel 9 on the periphery of each group of sheet steel frames 7 along the radial direction of the shield tunnel by bolts 8; Figure 3~Figure 4As shown, nuts 15 are welded at corresponding positions of the annular [14b steel 9 on the periphery of each group of sheet steel frames 7 and holes are opened, and adjustable supports 10 are installed in the holes. The adjustable supports 10 include threaded steel pipes 13, rubber pads 14 and support plates 15. One end of the threaded steel pipe 13 is connected to the nut 16 welded at the hole of the annular [14b steel 9 of the sheet steel frame 7, and the other end of the threaded steel pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the support plate 15. The rubber pad 14 is installed on the support plate 15 with bolts, and the rubber pad 14 is in contact with the shield tunnel segment 1; the sheet steel frame 7 is in contact with the shield tunnel segment 1 through the adjustable support 10, so that it can be suitable for shield tunnels of different diameters.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the water tank 3 is a circular water tank. The interior of the water tank 3 is divided into a water storage area 17 and an auxiliary weight area 18 by a partition. The partition can be set to be movable and adjustable according to needs. In this way, the weight of the required sandbags can be calculated according to the size of the excavation volume. In the case of a large excavation volume, the sandbags can be reasonably increased.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mobile device for controlling the floating of the shield tunnel to reinforce the shield tunnel, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) If Figure 1 As shown, when the groundwater level rises, segment holes are reserved on the shield tunnel segment 1, and the tunnel hole is connected to the drainage pipe 2 through the segment holes for drainage, thereby reducing the buoyancy effect of groundwater on the shield tunnel segment 1. The discharged groundwater is input into the water storage tank 3 through the drainage pipe 2, increasing the weight of the battery car 4, and playing a role in resisting buoyancy;

[0036] (2) A number of battery vehicles 4 are used as movable support devices in the tunnel to support the water tank 3. The groups of sheet steel frames 7 and steel connectors 6 around the water tank 3 serve as steel frame supports to reinforce and support the shield tunnel segments 1 to prevent deformation and damage of the shield tunnel segments 1. Nuts 16 are welded at corresponding positions on the outer periphery of each sheet steel frame 7 and holes are drilled. Adjustable supports 10 are installed in the holes. The sheet steel frames 7 are in contact with the shield tunnel segments 1 through the adjustable supports 10. The adjustable supports 10 cooperate with the groups of sheet steel frames 7 to form a telescopic and adjustable steel frame support to adapt to shield tunnels of different diameters. The rubber pads 14 on the support plates 15 enable the adjustable supports to fit the shield tunnel segments of different curvatures.

[0037] (3) Tunnel weight reinforcement: When the shield tunnel still has a tendency to float after drainage through the segment holes, water is injected into the water storage area 17 of the water tank on the battery car 4 and sandbags are set in the auxiliary weight area 18 to increase the weight of the battery car 4. After the weight is set, the weight is adjusted with the help of monitoring technology. Monitoring points are set in the tunnel and the monitoring points are regularly monitored using a total station. Figure 6As shown in FIG. 1 , the monitoring points include a crown settlement monitoring point 19 and a horizontal displacement monitoring point 20. The crown settlement monitoring point 19 is set at the crown of the vertical center line of the tunnel, and the horizontal displacement monitoring point 20 is set at the junction of the horizontal center line of the tunnel and the shield tunnel segment 1. The shield tunnel monitoring section spacing is arranged according to the actual project situation, specifically: when the shield tunnel top is less than or equal to one shield tunnel diameter from the bottom of the foundation pit, one monitoring section is arranged every 4.5 m, that is, one monitoring section is arranged every three shield tunnel segments 1; when the shield tunnel top is greater than or equal to one shield tunnel diameter from the bottom of the foundation pit, one monitoring section is arranged every three shield tunnel segments 1; When the diameter of the shield tunnel is less than or equal to twice the diameter of the shield tunnel, a monitoring section is arranged every 7.5m, that is, a monitoring section is arranged every 5 rings of shield tunnel segments 1; when the distance between the top of the shield tunnel and the bottom of the foundation pit is greater than twice the diameter of the shield tunnel, a monitoring section is arranged every 9m, that is, a monitoring section is arranged every 6 rings of shield tunnel segments 1; for the deformation-prone areas of the shield tunnel segments 1 with misalignment problems, the points are arranged more densely, and at the same time, the points are arranged more densely for deformation-prone areas such as the tunnel portal at the connection between the tunnel section and the station;

[0038] (4) The weight of the battery car 4 is adjusted dynamically and in real time through the monitoring data monitored by the total station. When the foundation pit is excavated above the shield tunnel, the weight of the battery car 4 is adjusted in real time by adjusting the water volume in the water storage tank 3 and the auxiliary weight according to the weight of the foundation pit excavation. Specifically, when the settlement exceeds the warning value of 10 mm, the weight is appropriately reduced; when the floating deformation exceeds the warning value of 10 mm, the weight is appropriately increased; if the foundation pit needs to be excavated above the shield tunnel, the weight of the foundation pit excavation is first obtained by rough calculation, and the weight of the battery car 4 is adjusted in real time by adjusting the water volume in the water storage tank 3 and the auxiliary weight according to the excavation speed and monitoring data, such as gradually increasing the weight of sandbags; if the water storage area 17 of the water storage tank is filled with water and still cannot meet the anti-floating requirements, sandbags are set in the auxiliary weight area 18 to meet the anti-floating requirements.

[0039] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementation modes. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel. It is characterized in that At least it includes a battery car, a water storage tank, a drainage pipe, a sheet steel frame and a steel connection piece. The battery cars are provided in a plurality and arranged in a shield tunnel. The water storage tank is mounted on the body of each battery car. A plurality of segment holes are reserved on the shield tunnel segments, and each segment hole is connected to the water storage tank through a drainage pipe. The sheet steel frames are arranged in a plurality of groups along the radial direction of the shield tunnel. Each group of sheet steel frames is arranged around the water storage tank and between the shield tunnel segments, and the bottom of the sheet steel frames is welded to the body of the battery car. The steel connection piece is arranged on the side and top of the shield tunnel, and each steel connection piece is connected to each group of sheet steel frames along the radial direction of the shield tunnel. It also includes Adjustable support, the adjustable support is arranged between the sheet steel frame and the shield tunnel segment, the sheet steel frame and the shield tunnel segment are in contact through the adjustable support; a plurality of holes are opened on the circular ring-shaped [14b steel at the periphery of the sheet steel frame, nuts are welded at each opening, the adjustable support includes a threaded steel pipe and a support plate, one end of the threaded steel pipe is connected to the nut welded at the opening, the other end of the threaded steel pipe is fixedly connected to the support plate, a rubber pad is installed on the support plate, the sheet steel frame and the shield tunnel segment are in contact through the rubber pad on the support plate; the water storage tank is a circular water storage tank, the interior of the water storage tank is divided into a water storage area and an auxiliary weight area by a partition.

2. A mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The sheet steel frame is welded by annular [14b steel, I22b steel and I16 steel. I16 steel is welded to the battery vehicle body, I22b steel is welded to I16 steel, and annular [14b steel is welded to the periphery of I22b steel and I16 steel.

3. A mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The steel connecting parts are made of a number of long strips of [14b steel, each of which is connected to the circular ring-shaped [14b steel on the periphery of each group of sheet steel frames along the radial direction of the shield tunnel by bolts.

4. A method for reinforcing a shield tunnel using a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The steps include: (1) When the groundwater level rises, drainage is carried out through the reserved holes on the shield tunnel segments to reduce the buoyancy of the groundwater on the shield tunnel segments. At the same time, the discharged groundwater is input into the water storage tank through the drainage pipe, increasing the weight of the battery car and playing a role in resisting buoyancy; (2) Several battery cars are used as movable support devices in the tunnel to support the water tank. The groups of sheet steel frames and steel connectors around the water tank serve as steel frame supports to reinforce and support the shield tunnel segments and prevent deformation and damage of the shield tunnel segments. (3) Tunnel weight reinforcement: When the shield tunnel still has a tendency to float up after drainage through the segment holes, water is added to the water tank on the battery car and sandbags are placed in the auxiliary weight area to increase the weight of the battery car. After the weight is set, monitoring points are set up in the tunnel and regularly monitored using a total station. (4) Dynamically adjust the weight of the battery vehicle in real time. When excavation is being carried out above the shield tunnel, the weight of the battery vehicle is adjusted in real time by adjusting the amount of water in the water storage tank according to the weight of the excavation. If the anti-floating requirement is still not met after the water storage tank is filled with water, sandbags are set in the auxiliary weight-bearing area to meet the anti-floating requirement.

5. A method for reinforcing a shield tunnel using a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to claim 4, It is characterized in that In the step (2), nuts are welded at corresponding positions on the periphery of each sheet steel frame and holes are opened, adjustable supports are installed in the holes, rubber pads are installed on the support plates, and the sheet steel frames are in contact with the shield tunnel segments through the rubber pads on the adjustable supports.

6. A method for reinforcing a shield tunnel using a mobile device for controlling the floating of a shield tunnel according to claim 4, It is characterized in that In the step (3), the weight adjustment is assisted by monitoring technology, specifically: the monitoring points include arch settlement monitoring points and horizontal displacement monitoring points, the arch settlement monitoring points are set at the arch of the vertical center line of the tunnel, the horizontal displacement monitoring points are set at the junction of the horizontal center line of the tunnel and the shield tunnel segment, the shield tunnel monitoring section spacing is arranged according to the actual project situation, and the weight is adjusted in time through the monitoring data monitored by the total station. The monitoring data includes settlement and floating deformation. When the settlement exceeds the warning value of 10mm, the weight is appropriately reduced, and when the floating deformation exceeds the warning value of 10mm, the weight is appropriately increased; at the same time, the weight and position of the battery vehicle are dynamically and real-time adjusted according to the weight of the overlying excavated soil, excavation speed, excavation position and monitoring data.

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