A device and method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts, the device comprising a measuring device placed in a test box, the test box also being equipped with an air conditioning system and a refrigeration system controlled by a control system; the measuring device comprising: a clip-type loading mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a loading mechanism and a feeding mechanism. The present invention also relates to a method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts. The present invention can achieve complex environmental simulation at a construction site, and can also achieve automatic replacement of high-strength bolt specimens under closed conditions, reduce energy consumption, reduce the torque coefficient re-inspection work in a temporary laboratory at the construction site, and reduce the adverse effects caused by large on-site measurement errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device and a method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt, belonging to the technical field of steel structure high-strength bolt testing. Background Art

[0002] At present, friction-type high-strength bolts (hereinafter referred to as "high-strength bolts") connection joints are one of the main connection methods for steel structures in my country. In the process of high-strength bolt construction, it is extremely important to control the bolt preload. Excessive preload, that is, over-tightening during construction, may cause bolt necking, bolt breaking, or crushing, sticking, twisting or breaking of the connector, or the thread teeth being sheared off and disengaging. Excessive preload, that is, insufficient tightening, will cause the friction force to be lower than the design value, the connector will slip and separate under the action of load, or the fastener will loosen, reducing the fatigue life of the bolt. Both over-tightening and under-tightening may cause the bolt connection to fail, ultimately leading to an engineering accident.

[0003] High-strength bolts are mainly constructed using the torque method. During the construction process, the preload is indirectly controlled by applying torque with a wrench. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the bolt torque coefficient is extremely important for ensuring construction accuracy. Therefore, bolt manufacturers, construction units on construction sites, third-party quality inspection units and local quality inspection departments currently widely use torque coefficient testers to test the torque coefficient.

[0004] Because the environment of steel structure projects is changeable, the temperature and humidity change greatly, and the changes in temperature and humidity will cause the torque coefficient to be discrete, which makes the preload axial force of high-strength bolts discrete. The current torque coefficient measurement device can only perform torque testing under room temperature, and cannot accurately reproduce the environmental conditions of the construction site. In order to verify the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts, the construction unit needs to set up a temporary laboratory at the construction site for re-inspection, which consumes a lot of time and manpower costs, and the accuracy of the test results is difficult to guarantee. In addition, the current torque coefficient measurement device can only measure one set of bolt connection pairs at a time, and it needs to be manually replaced after the test is completed, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For temperature and humidity control measurements, manual replacement will also destroy the temperature and humidity environment in the high and low temperature alternating test chamber, and it will take a lot of time and electricity to stabilize the temperature and humidity again. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts, which can realize the simulation of complex environments at the engineering site, and at the same time realize the automatic replacement of high-strength bolt specimens under closed conditions, thereby reducing energy consumption, reducing the torque coefficient re-inspection work in temporary laboratories at construction sites, and reducing the adverse effects caused by large on-site measurement errors.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automated device for testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt comprises a measuring device, the measuring device is placed in a test box, and the test box is also equipped with an air conditioning system and a refrigeration system controlled by a control system;

[0008] The measuring device comprises:

[0009] The magazine-type loading mechanism comprises a magazine, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a magazine shift fork; wherein: the magazine is used to place multiple sets of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested; the magazine shift fork is inserted into or stripped off the magazine under the action of the first cylinder; the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested in the magazine are moved in sequence through the action of the second cylinder; and a set of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested is pushed to the measuring mechanism through the action of the third cylinder;

[0010] The measuring mechanism includes a fourth cylinder, a clamping mechanism, a measuring fixture, an axial force sensor and a torque sensor; the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to put the high-strength bolt connection pair to be measured into or out of the measuring fixture;

[0011] The loading mechanism includes a servo loading system and a fifth cylinder, and the action end of the servo loading system is connected to the sleeve; after the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested is placed in the measuring fixture, under the action of the fifth cylinder, the servo loading system is driven to insert the sleeve into the nut of the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested, and loading or unloading begins;

[0012] The unloading mechanism includes a sixth cylinder, an unloading fixture and a silo; after the measurement is completed, the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture and drop it into the unloading fixture; under the action of the sixth cylinder, the unloading fixture moves and drops the high-strength bolt connection pair into the silo.

[0013] Furthermore, the air conditioning system includes an air blower, a heater, a temperature and humidity sensor and an air duct device.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the test box is made of galvanized cold-rolled steel plate, the inner wall is made of stainless steel plate, and a hard polyurethane foam insulation layer is arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder and an air claw, one end of the clamping cylinder is connected to the fourth cylinder, and the other end is connected to the air claw.

[0016] Furthermore, the servo loading system is fixed on a slide, the fifth cylinder drives the slide, and the slide drives the servo loading system to slide.

[0017] Furthermore, the servo loading system includes a servo motor and a reducer, the servo motor is connected to the fifth cylinder, and the reducer is connected to the sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, the magazine shift fork is provided with a plurality of forks along a row, and the forks correspond one by one to the spaces in the magazine for placing the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the material unloading fixture is inclined toward the silo.

[0020] A method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt using the device comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, loading the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested into the magazine;

[0022] S2, fix the clip on the measuring device, close the door of the test chamber, and start to create the set temperature and humidity in the test chamber;

[0023] S3, after the temperature and humidity reach the preset requirements, the measuring device starts the torque coefficient test;

[0024] S4, a set of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested is pushed to the measuring mechanism by the clip-type loading mechanism;

[0025] S5, in the measuring mechanism, the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to place the high-strength bolt connection pair to be measured into the measuring fixture;

[0026] S6, the loading mechanism starts to move, and the servo loading system is driven by the fifth cylinder to insert the sleeve into the nut and start to tighten the nut. When the axial force reaches the specified value, the loading is stopped, and the axial force value and torque value at this time are recorded, and the torque coefficient is calculated;

[0027] S7, the servo loading system is unloaded, the nut is loosened, the loading mechanism is withdrawn, and the clamping mechanism is driven by the fourth cylinder to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture and drop it to the unloading fixture;

[0028] S8, under the action of the sixth cylinder, the unloading fixture moves, and the high-strength bolt connection pair that has been measured falls to the unloading fixture under the action of its own weight, and then falls into the silo;

[0029] S9, repeat steps S4-S8 until the test of all high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested in the clip is completed.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The present invention places the torque coefficient measuring device in a high-low temperature alternating test box, and uses the refrigeration system, heating system, humidification system and air duct circulation system configured in the test box to control the exposure environment of the high-strength bolts in the box, thereby realizing the complex environment simulation of the engineering site. Through the electrical control system operated outside the box, the high-strength bolt torque coefficient measurement test is carried out to measure the torque coefficient under a specific environment. The clip-type loading mechanism in the box can pre-place a plurality of high-strength bolts to be tested, and realize the automatic replacement operation of high-strength bolt specimens in a closed state, reduce the number of unpacking times, improve work efficiency, reduce energy consumption, reduce the torque coefficient re-inspection work of the temporary laboratory at the construction site, reduce time and labor cost consumption, and reduce the adverse effects caused by large on-site measurement errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the test chamber structure;

[0033] Figure 2 It is the overall structure diagram of the measuring device;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magazine-type loading mechanism;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement mechanism structure;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism structure;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material unloading mechanism;

[0038] Among them, 1-magazine loading mechanism, 11-magazine, 12-second cylinder, 13-first cylinder, 14-third cylinder, 15-magazine shift fork, 16-bolt connection pair;

[0039] 2- measuring mechanism, 21- fourth cylinder, 22- clamping cylinder, 23- air claw, 24- bolt connection pair, 25- measuring fixture, 26- axial force sensor;

[0040] 3-loading mechanism, 31-servo loading system, 32-fifth cylinder, 33-slide;

[0041] 4-feeding mechanism, 42-feeding fixture, 43-sixth cylinder, 44-bin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] A device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt comprises a measuring device, wherein the measuring device is placed in a test box, and the test box is also provided with an air conditioning system and a refrigeration system controlled by a control system.

[0044] An optional implementation method, such as Figure 1 The figure shows the appearance structure of the test box. The outer wall of the test box is made of double-sided galvanized cold-rolled steel plate, and the surface is electrostatically sprayed. The galvanized layer is corrosion-resistant and can improve durability. The cold-rolled steel plate has high strength, light weight, and high cost-effectiveness in bearing. The inner wall is made of stainless steel plate, and a hard polyurethane foam insulation layer is arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall, which has the functions of heat preservation, heat insulation, and fire prevention, and plays a certain degree of load-bearing role.

[0045] The test box is provided with a switch door and an observation window, the window is embedded with a tempered conductive film glass and decorative glass of the heating element, the door adopts a two-layer sealing method, the test box body is equipped with a silicone sealing strip, and the sealing strip on the door is also equipped with an automatic heating system to prevent the occurrence of frost on the edge of the door during low-temperature operation. The box body is also provided with test lead holes, condensation water outlet holes, overflow holes, etc. to facilitate the insertion of leads and the outflow of condensed water.

[0046] An optional implementation manner, the air conditioning system includes a blower, a heater, a temperature and humidity sensor and an air duct device, and adopts forced air circulation to balance temperature and humidity. The refrigeration system includes a refrigerant, a compressor, a refrigeration evaporator, a condenser and a shock absorber. The above two systems coordinate with each other to adjust the temperature and humidity in the box. The control system uses Chinese and English sections, touch key input, and can set a multi-step test program. The device can store test data and export it via USB. A remote monitoring system is provided to perform real-time data transmission and monitoring functions.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the measuring device comprises:

[0048] Clip-type loading mechanism 1, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes a clip 11, a first cylinder 13, a second cylinder 12, a third cylinder 14 and a clip fork 15; wherein: the clip 11 is used to place multiple sets of high-strength bolt connection pairs 16 to be tested; the clip fork 15 is inserted into or stripped off the clip 11 under the action of the first cylinder 13; through the action of the second cylinder 12, the high-strength bolt connection pairs 16 to be tested in the clip 11 are moved in sequence; through the action of the third cylinder 14, a set of high-strength bolt connection pairs 16 to be tested is pushed to the measuring mechanism 2. Among them, the multiple sets of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested are bolt connection pairs of the same specification, model and size.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the first cylinder 13 is a transverse cylinder, which is used to drive the magazine fork to move transversely to insert or strip the magazine. The second cylinder 12 is a longitudinal cylinder, which can be used to move the bolt connection pairs in the magazine downward one by one. The third cylinder 14 is a push cylinder, which can be used to push the bolt connection pair at the bottom of the magazine to the measuring mechanism.

[0050] In an optional implementation, the magazine fork is provided with a plurality of forks along a row, and the forks correspond one-to-one with the spaces in the magazine for placing the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested, so as to avoid the entire magazine fork from failing to work when a single fork becomes stuck.

[0051] Measuring mechanism 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes a fourth cylinder 21, a clamping mechanism 22, a measuring fixture 25, an axial force sensor 26 and a torque sensor (not shown in the figure); the fourth cylinder 21 drives the clamping mechanism to put the high-strength bolt connection pair 24 to be tested into or out of the measuring fixture 25.

[0052] In an optional implementation manner, the fourth cylinder 21 is a lifting cylinder, which is used to drive the clamping mechanism to put the bolt connection pair into or move it out of the measuring fixture.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the clamping mechanism uses a clamping cylinder 22 to drive an air claw 23 to clamp or loosen the bolt connection pair. One end of the clamping cylinder 22 is connected to the fourth cylinder 21, and the other end is connected to the air claw 23.

[0054] Loading mechanism 3, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes a servo loading system 31 and a fifth cylinder 32, and the active end of the servo loading system 31 is connected to the sleeve; after the high-strength bolt connection pair 24 to be tested is placed in the measuring fixture 25, under the action of the fifth cylinder 32, the servo loading system 31 is driven to insert the sleeve into the nut of the high-strength bolt connection pair 24 to be tested, and loading or unloading begins.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the fifth cylinder 32 is a feed cylinder, which is used to drive the servo loading system to insert the sleeve into the nut forward to load or unload, or to withdraw the sleeve from the nut backward.

[0056] The servo loading system 31 is fixed on a slide 33, the feed cylinder 32 drives the slide 33, and the slide 33 drives the servo loading system 31 to slide. The setting of the slide can realize the loading of the bolt by the servo loading system when the feed cylinder has a small driving force.

[0057] The servo loading system 31 includes a servo motor and a reducer, wherein the servo motor is connected to the fifth cylinder, and the reducer is connected to the sleeve.

[0058] Feeding mechanism 4, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes a sixth cylinder 43, a material unloading fixture 42 and a silo 44; after the measurement is completed, the fourth cylinder 21 drives the clamping mechanism to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture 25 and drop it into the material unloading fixture 42; under the action of the sixth cylinder 43, the material unloading fixture 42 moves and drops the high-strength bolt connection pair into the silo 44.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the sixth cylinder may be a material unloading lateral movement cylinder, which is used to drive the unloading fixture to move horizontally to receive the bolt connection pair dropped from the clamping mechanism and transport the bolt connection pair to the silo. The bottom surface of the unloading fixture is tilted toward the silo.

[0060] In an optional implementation manner, a plurality of bolt connection pairs may be arranged on the bottom surface of the blanking fixture, and after the blanking fixture is arranged in place, the bolt connection pairs are dropped into the silo.

[0061] A method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt using the device comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1, load the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested into the magazine. For example, load 8 sets of bolt connection pairs into the magazine at one time.

[0063] S2, fix the clip on the measuring device, close the door of the test chamber, press the start button, and the set temperature and humidity will begin to be created in the test chamber.

[0064] S3, after the temperature and humidity reach the preset requirements, the control system notifies the equipment to start the torque coefficient test.

[0065] S4, the magazine loading mechanism starts to work: the magazine fork is brought to the designated position by the transverse cylinder and the magazine is inserted; each movement of the longitudinal cylinder drives the magazine fork to move all the bolts in the magazine downward one space in turn, and then the transverse cylinder drives the magazine fork to be stripped from the magazine. Finally, the push cylinder pushes the bolt connection pair at the bottom of the magazine to the measuring mechanism.

[0066] S5, in the measuring mechanism, the lifting cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to put the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested into the measuring fixture. After the bolt connection pair is in place, the clamping mechanism releases the bolt connection pair, and the lifting cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to rise.

[0067] S6, the loading mechanism starts to move: the servo loading system is driven by the feed cylinder to insert the sleeve into the nut of the bolt connection pair, the servo motor is started, and the nut begins to be tightened. When the axial force reaches the specified value, the loading is stopped. At the same time, the axial force sensor and torque sensor will measure and record the axial force value and torque value at this time, calculate the torque coefficient, and complete the measurement of the torque coefficient of the bolt connection pair.

[0068] S7, the servo motor reverses to unload and loosens the nut. When the torque is zero, the feed cylinder moves to withdraw the loading mechanism, and the lifting cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture.

[0069] S8, the material unloading lateral movement cylinder drives the material unloading fixture to move forward to the bottom of the bolt connection pair, and the clamping cylinder drives the air claw to release the bolt connection pair. Under the action of its own weight, the measured bolt connection pair falls to the material unloading fixture. The material unloading lateral movement cylinder then drives the material unloading fixture to move back. Due to the inclined surface setting of the material unloading fixture, the high-strength bolt connection pair automatically falls into the silo.

[0070] S9, repeat steps S4-S8 until the test of all high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested in the clip is completed.

[0071] S10, after all the bolt connection pairs in the clip have completed the test, the control system can output the test data, and at the same time the control system sends a signal to remind the operator to open the door of the test box and to carry out the next test.

[0072] The current torque coefficient measuring device can only measure one set of bolted joints at a time, and needs to be replaced manually, wasting a lot of time and manpower. For temperature and humidity control measurements, frequent manual replacement of the bolted joints to be tested will also destroy the temperature and humidity environment in the high and low temperature alternating test chamber. It is preliminarily estimated that the current mainstream torque coefficient measuring device takes about 2 hours to measure once, that is, it also takes a lot of time and electricity to stabilize the temperature and humidity again.

[0073] The present invention places the torque coefficient measuring device in a high and low temperature alternating test box, and uses the refrigeration system, heating system, humidification system and air duct circulation system configured in the test box to control the exposure environment of the high-strength bolts in the box, thereby realizing the complex environment simulation of the engineering site. Through the electrical control system operated outside the box, the high-strength bolt torque coefficient measurement test is carried out to measure the torque coefficient under a specific environment. The clip-type loading mechanism in the box can pre-place a plurality of high-strength bolts to be tested, and realize the automatic replacement operation of high-strength bolt specimens under a closed condition, reduce the number of unpacking times, improve work efficiency, and reduce energy consumption. The present invention will fill the gap in the current torque coefficient detection device in complex environments, can reduce the torque coefficient re-inspection work of temporary laboratories at construction sites, reduce time and labor cost consumption, and reduce the adverse effects caused by large on-site measurement errors.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts, characterized in that: It includes a measuring device, which is placed in a test box. The test box is also equipped with an air conditioning system and a refrigeration system controlled by a control system; The measuring device comprises: The magazine-type loading mechanism comprises a magazine, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a magazine shift fork; wherein: the magazine is used to place multiple sets of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested; the magazine shift fork is inserted into or stripped off the magazine under the action of the first cylinder; the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested in the magazine are moved in sequence through the action of the second cylinder; and a set of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested is pushed to the measuring mechanism through the action of the third cylinder; The measuring mechanism includes a fourth cylinder, a clamping mechanism, a measuring fixture, an axial force sensor and a torque sensor; the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to put the high-strength bolt connection pair to be measured into or out of the measuring fixture; The loading mechanism includes a servo loading system and a fifth cylinder, and the action end of the servo loading system is connected to the sleeve; after the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested is placed in the measuring fixture, under the action of the fifth cylinder, the servo loading system is driven to insert the sleeve into the nut of the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested, and loading or unloading begins; The unloading mechanism includes a sixth cylinder, an unloading fixture and a silo; after the measurement is completed, the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture and drop it into the unloading fixture; under the action of the sixth cylinder, the unloading fixture moves and drops the high-strength bolt connection pair into the silo.

2. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air conditioning system includes a blower, a heater, a temperature and humidity sensor and an air duct device.

3. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the test box is made of galvanized cold-rolled steel plate, the inner wall is made of stainless steel plate, and a hard polyurethane foam insulation layer is arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall.

4. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a clamping cylinder and an air claw. One end of the clamping cylinder is connected to the fourth cylinder, and the other end is connected to the air claw.

5. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The servo loading system is fixed on a slide, the fifth cylinder drives the slide, and the slide drives the servo loading system to slide.

6. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The servo loading system comprises a servo motor and a reducer, wherein the servo motor is connected to the fifth cylinder, and the reducer is connected to the sleeve.

7. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magazine shift fork is provided with a plurality of forks along a row, and the forks correspond one by one to the spaces in the magazine for placing the high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested.

8. The device for automatically testing the torque coefficient of high-strength bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the material unloading fixture is inclined toward the material bin.

9. A method for automatically testing the torque coefficient of a high-strength bolt using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, loading the high-strength bolt connection pair to be tested into the magazine; S2, fix the clip on the measuring device, close the door of the test chamber, and start to create the set temperature and humidity in the test chamber; S3, after the temperature and humidity reach the preset requirements, the measuring device starts the torque coefficient test; S4, a set of high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested is pushed to the measuring mechanism by the clip-type loading mechanism; S5, in the measuring mechanism, the fourth cylinder drives the clamping mechanism to place the high-strength bolt connection pair to be measured into the measuring fixture; S6, the loading mechanism starts to move, and the servo loading system is driven by the fifth cylinder to insert the sleeve into the nut and start to tighten the nut. When the axial force reaches the specified value, the loading is stopped, and the axial force value and torque value at this time are recorded, and the torque coefficient is calculated; S7, the servo loading system is unloaded, the nut is loosened, the loading mechanism is withdrawn, and the clamping mechanism is driven by the fourth cylinder to move the measured high-strength bolt connection pair out of the measuring fixture; S8, under the action of the sixth cylinder, the unloading fixture moves, and the high-strength bolt connection pair that has been measured falls to the unloading fixture under the action of its own weight, and then falls into the silo; S9, repeat steps S4-S8 until the test of all high-strength bolt connection pairs to be tested in the clip is completed.

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