A modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large section loess tunnel; the structure comprises an annular support, a longitudinal support, a transverse support, a tie mechanism and a lateral retaining mechanism; wherein the tie mechanism comprises a connecting seat, a tie rod and a stop-slip locking mechanism; the connecting seat is arranged on both sides of the longitudinal support, and two longitudinally arranged multiples are arranged along the longitudinal support; the tie rod comprises an oblique support rod and a straight support rod; two straight support rods and two oblique support rods constitute a group of tie structures, and multiple groups of tie structures are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal support, and each group of tie structures is arranged in the following manner: two straight support rods are arranged in parallel and spaced in transverse direction, two oblique support rods are arranged in parallel and spaced in transverse projection, and the longitudinal projections of the two oblique support rods are in a cross shape; the stop-slip locking mechanism is arranged on the longitudinal support and acts on the tie rod and the lateral retaining mechanism at the same time. The invention increases the convenience of construction, has high construction efficiency, and is safe and stable in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large-section loess tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Construction methods such as double-sidewall pilot tunnel, CD, and CRD are suitable for tunnel construction with large spans, poor surrounding rock conditions, and high requirements for ground deformation control. They have been widely used in highway tunnel construction in the northwest region where collapsible loess is widely distributed. During the construction process, a large amount of temporary support is required to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock. The temporary support system is complex in stress, the initial support full section closure time is long, the disassembly of the temporary support structure has a large disturbance to the tunnel structure and surrounding rock, the material recovery rate is low, and the disassembly of the temporary support structure takes a long time, which seriously affects the construction progress.

[0003] The prior art discloses a "new modular temporary support assembly structure for super-large section loess tunnels", and its application number is "202110544008.4"; in this technology, vertical supports 1 and temporary inverts 3 are used to support and reinforce the annular supports 2; a door-type structure 4 and a tensioning structure 5 are provided between adjacent vertical supports 1; among them, the tensioning structure 5 adopts a turnbuckle screw mechanism and is connected to the vertical support 1 by a bolt connection. Due to the excessive use of bolt connections, the actual construction is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and installation and disassembly are not convenient; at the same time, the tensioning structure 5 is mainly connected to the single-side wing plate of the vertical support 1, the force between adjacent vertical supports 1 is uneven, the integrity between the vertical supports 1 is not strong, and the structural stability is insufficient, which affects the safety of use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel in view of the deficiencies in the prior art; the structure increases the convenience of construction, has high construction efficiency, and is safe and stable in structure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel, comprising an annular support, a longitudinal support arranged inside the annular support, and a transverse support arranged between the annular support and one side of the longitudinal support. The annular support, the longitudinal support and the transverse support are arranged in equal intervals along the tunnel excavation direction. A tie mechanism and a lateral retaining mechanism are arranged between adjacent longitudinal supports. The tie mechanism comprises:

[0007] A connecting seat is arranged on both sides of the longitudinal support, and two are arranged transversely along the longitudinal support, and multiple are arranged longitudinally;

[0008] A tie rod, comprising an oblique brace and a straight brace; the ends of the oblique brace and the straight brace are both provided with a bent plug, and the plug cooperates with a connecting seat; two straight braces and two oblique braces constitute a set of tie structures, and multiple sets of tie structures are provided along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal support, and each set of tie structures is arranged in the following manner: two straight braces are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in transverse direction, two oblique braces are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in transverse projection, and the longitudinal projections of the two oblique braces are in a cross shape;

[0009] The anti-drop locking mechanism is arranged on the longitudinal support and acts on the tie rod and the lateral earth retaining mechanism at the same time.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-slip locking mechanism comprises:

[0011] A guide ring is provided on the longitudinal support and is arranged in plurality at intervals along the longitudinal direction;

[0012] A snap ring, which is arranged on the longitudinal support and is located below the lower guide ring;

[0013] A transmission square shaft is inserted into the plurality of guide rings, and a screw inserted into the retaining ring is provided at the lower end thereof, and two nuts with threaded fit are provided on the screw, and the two nuts are clamped at the upper and lower ends of the retaining ring;

[0014] The locking rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission square shaft and are arranged in plurality along the longitudinal direction of the transmission square shaft. The locking rods are pressed onto the upper sides of the diagonal support rods and the straight support rods. The end of the locking rod on one side of the transmission square shaft is threadedly matched with a threaded barrel, and an adjusting lever is provided on the threaded barrel. The free end of the threaded barrel acts on the lateral earth retaining mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the lateral soil retaining mechanism includes a plurality of slots which are arranged on the longitudinal support and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and a baffle which is inserted into the slots of adjacent longitudinal supports in the longitudinal direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the diagonal bracing rods and the straight bracing rods are both made of steel bars, steel plates, or are both made of turnbuckle screws. When turnbuckle screws are used, both ends of the turnbuckle screws are processed into bent rod-shaped structures.

[0017] Furthermore, the longitudinal support includes a base, a lower support column arranged on the base, and an upper support column connected to the lower support column; one end of the transverse support is connected to the upper support column.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper support column, the lower support column and the transverse support are all made of I-beams.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. In terms of structural design, the present invention uses a special arrangement method of the tie mechanism to connect and fix adjacent longitudinal supports, so that the adjacent longitudinal supports have strong integrity, and the tensile, compressive and torsional properties are comprehensively improved, and the structure is more stable and safe; at the same time, the tie rods are connected by inserting and fixing, which is simpler and more convenient during installation or disassembly, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of construction and improving construction efficiency;

[0021] 2. The present invention adds an anti-slip locking mechanism in the structural design, which is used to prevent the tie mechanism from slipping off and is also used to fasten the lateral retaining mechanism; the anti-slip locking mechanism can realize the synchronous anti-slip and locking of multiple tie rods in a single operation, which is convenient and quick to operate;

[0022] 3. The present invention improves the lateral earth retaining mechanism in terms of structural design, uses a card slot to clamp the lower edge of the baffle, and uses a locking mechanism to hold and fix the surface of the baffle, which facilitates the installation or removal of a single baffle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the longitudinal support and tie mechanism in the middle A direction;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle BB pulling mechanism; (with baffle added)

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after adding baffles between the longitudinal supports;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the lower support column;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the straight brace or the diagonal brace in the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1-annular support; 2-longitudinal support; 3-lateral support; 4-connecting seat; 5-tie rod; 6-anti-loosening locking mechanism; 7-diagonal support rod; 8-straight support rod; 9-guide ring; 10-clamping ring; 11-transmission square shaft; 12-locking rod; 13-screw rod; 14-nut; 15-threaded barrel; 16-adjusting lever; 17-slot; 18-baffle; 19-base; 20-lower support column; 21-upper support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large section loess tunnel; the structure includes an annular support 1, a longitudinal support 2 and a transverse support 3; the annular support 1, the longitudinal support 2 and the transverse support 3 are arranged in multiple equal intervals along the tunnel excavation direction, and the interval distance is usually 50cm or 70cm according to the design requirements; a tie mechanism and a lateral retaining mechanism are arranged between adjacent longitudinal supports 2, and the annular support 1, the longitudinal support 2 and the transverse support 3 are all made of I-beams; the above structure is an existing structural design, and the description here is for the convenience of understanding the improved structure of the present invention. The key improvements of the present invention are aimed at the tie mechanism and the lateral retaining mechanism; the safety and stability of the overall structure are increased through structural improvements, while the convenience of construction is increased, and the construction efficiency during installation or disassembly is improved.

[0032] The tie mechanism includes a connection seat 4, a tie rod 5 and an anti-drop locking mechanism 6. The connection seat 4 is used to cooperate with the tie rod 5, and the connection seat 4 is provided with a through hole in the longitudinal direction; the connection seat 4 is welded to the web of the longitudinal support 2 and two are arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, and multiple are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the connection seat 4 is arranged on both sides of the web of the longitudinal support 2.

[0033] The tie rod 5 includes an oblique support rod 7 and a straight support rod 8, and the oblique support rod 7 and the straight support rod 8 are both made of steel bars or steel plates, or are both made of turnbuckle screws, but when the turnbuckle screw structure is adopted, both ends of the turnbuckle screw are processed into a bent rod structure; the ends of the oblique support rod 7 and the straight support rod 8 are provided with a bent plug, and the plug is used to cooperate with the connecting seat 4; two straight support rods 8 and two oblique support rods 7 are recorded as a group of tie structures, and multiple groups of tie structures are provided along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal support 2, and each group of tie structures is arranged in the following manner: two straight support rods 8 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in transverse direction, and the transverse projections of the two oblique support rods 7 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the longitudinal projections of the two oblique support rods 7 are cross-shaped. Such an arrangement makes the structure of the adjacent longitudinal supports 2 more stable and more integrated.

[0034] The anti-slip locking mechanism 6 is arranged on the longitudinal support 2 and acts on the tie rod 5 and the lateral retaining mechanism at the same time. The anti-slip locking mechanism 6 is arranged on both sides of the web of the longitudinal support 2. The anti-slip locking mechanism 6 is used for the purpose of anti-slipping when acting on the tie rod 5, and for fixing the lateral retaining mechanism when acting on the lateral retaining mechanism; the anti-slip locking mechanism 6 includes a guide ring 9, a clamping ring 10, a transmission square shaft 11 and a locking rod 12; the guide ring 9 is welded on the web of the longitudinal support 2, and a square hole is provided on the guide ring 9 to adapt to the transmission square shaft 11; the clamping ring 10 is arranged below the guide ring 9 located on the lower side, and the clamping ring 10 is welded on the web of the longitudinal support 2; the transmission square shaft 11 is inserted into the guide ring 9 and slidably cooperates with the guide ring 9; the transmission The square shaft 11 can be made of square steel; a screw 13 is provided at the lower end of the transmission square shaft 11, and the screw 13 is inserted into the retaining ring 10. At the same time, two nuts 14 are threadedly matched on the screw 13. The nuts 14 are clamped at the upper and lower ends of the retaining ring 10, and the lifting and lowering movement of the transmission square shaft 11 is achieved by the cooperation between the nuts 14 and the screw 13; the locking rod 12 is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the transmission square shaft 11 in the shape of a main rod, and a plurality of locking rods are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the transmission square shaft 11; the locking rod 12 is pressed on the upper side of the diagonal support rod 7 and the straight support rod 8 to achieve the purpose of stopping, and the end of the locking rod 12 on one side of the transmission square shaft 11 is threadedly matched with a threaded barrel 15, and an adjusting lever 16 is provided on the threaded barrel 15, and the free end of the threaded barrel 15 acts on the lateral retaining mechanism.

[0035] The lateral retaining mechanism includes a plurality of slots 17 provided on the longitudinal support 2 and spaced apart longitudinally, and a baffle 18 longitudinally inserted into the slots 17 of the adjacent longitudinal support 2; the slots 17 are formed by welding angle steel or L-shaped plates to the wing plates of the longitudinal support 2.

[0036] The longitudinal support 2 structurally includes a base 19, a lower support column 20 arranged on the base 19, and an upper support column 21 connected to the lower support column 20; one end of the transverse support 3 is connected to the upper support column 21, and a seat plate is provided between the transverse support 3 and the upper support column 21, which are connected and fastened by bolts and nuts 14 connectors. The base 19 can be cast into a block shape by hydraulic casting and pre-embedded with anchor bolts, and connected and fixed with the seat plate provided at the bottom of the lower support column 20 by anchor bolts; the upper support column 21 and the lower support column 20 are spliced, and a seat plate is provided at the splicing point and fixed by bolts and nuts 14 connectors; the upper support column 21 and the connection between the transverse support 3 and the reversing support are all provided with a seat plate, which is also fixed by bolts and nuts connectors. Since the lower support column 20 and the upper support column 21 adopt a detachable and detachable structure, the anti-slip locking mechanism 6 is correspondingly provided with an upper limit of two sets.

[0037] The present invention adopts the existing CRD construction sequence to realize the construction of the tunnel when applied; the area enclosed by the transverse support 3, the annular support 1 and the upper support column 21 is first excavated and constructed. When temporary support is installed during the construction process, the upper support column 21 is installed first. During the specific installation, the lower end of the upper support column 21 is preliminarily installed with the base 19, and then the top of the support column 21 is connected and fixed with the annular support 1. Finally, the gap that occurs when the base 19 is connected with the lower end of the support column 21 can be adjusted by adding or removing gaskets. After adjustment, the base 19 and the support column 21 are tightened. After the installation of the upper support column 21 is completed, the transverse support 3 is installed; during the specific operation, the transverse support 3 is lifted or supported horizontally, and then the transverse support 3 is connected and tightened with the annular support 1 and the upper support column 21 using bolt and nut connectors. The transverse support 3 and the annular support 1 are tightened first. When a gap occurs between the transverse support 3 and the upper support column 21, gaskets can be added and tightened. After adding an upper support column 21 in each excavation direction, the tie mechanism and the lateral retaining mechanism are installed; during the specific installation: the lateral retaining mechanism is installed first, and the specific operation is: insert the baffle 18 into the slot 17 first, and then use the adjustment lever 16 to rotate the threaded tube 15 and hold the baffle 18, so that multiple baffles 18 can be installed; after the baffle 18 is installed, the tie rod 5 is installed, and the specific operation is: first insert the two straight support rods 8 into the connecting seat 4 in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, and then make an oblique support rod 7 be installed in the corresponding connecting seat 4 in an inclined shape along the horizontal and longitudinal projections, and another oblique support rod 7 is arranged in the same way and is located above one oblique support rod 7, and at the same time, the two oblique support rods 7 are longitudinally The projection is in a cross shape. At this time, the two straight support rods 8 and the two diagonal support rods 7 form a group of tie structures, and multiple groups of tie structures are installed along the longitudinal direction; finally, the anti-slip operation is performed. During the anti-slip operation, the nut 14 located below the screw rod 13 is loosened, and then the upper nut 14 is rotated to move the transmission square shaft 11 down a certain distance. When the locking rod 12 covers the diagonal support rods 7 and the straight support rods 8, the nut 14 in the lower direction is tightened. At this time, the transmission square shaft 11 is axially fixed, and the locking rod 12 can achieve an anti-slip effect on the diagonal support rods 7 and the straight support rods 8. During the longitudinal movement of the transmission square shaft 11, the threaded tube 15 slides on the baffle 18 for a certain distance, but does not affect the support and fixation of the baffle 18; at this time, the installation operation is completed. When installing temporary supports during the construction of the area enclosed by the lateral supports 3, the annular supports 1 and the lower support column 20: first dismantle the base 19, place the base 19 at the bottom of the lower support column 20, install and fix the lower support column 20 and the base 19, then connect and fix the top of the lower support column 20 and the lower end of the upper support column 21 through bolt and nut connectors, and adjust the gap by adding or removing gaskets; after adding a lower support column 20 in each excavation direction, install the tie mechanism and the lateral retaining mechanism, and the specific installation method is the same as that of the upper support column 21. When dismantling temporary supports, the construction can be reversed; other suitable construction sequences can also be applied.During the entire installation and disassembly process, the present invention is quick and convenient to operate, has low construction difficulty, effectively improves construction efficiency, and at the same time, the entire structure is more stable and safe.

Claims

1. A modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel, comprising an annular support, a longitudinal support arranged inside the annular support, and a transverse support arranged between the annular support and one side of the longitudinal support, wherein a plurality of the annular support, the longitudinal support and the transverse support are arranged at equal intervals along the tunnel excavation direction, and a tie mechanism and a lateral retaining mechanism are arranged between adjacent longitudinal supports, characterized in that: The tie-tying mechanism comprises: A connecting seat is arranged on both sides of the longitudinal support, and two are arranged transversely along the longitudinal support, and multiple are arranged longitudinally; A tie rod, comprising an oblique brace and a straight brace; the ends of the oblique brace and the straight brace are both provided with a bent plug, and the plug cooperates with a connecting seat; two straight braces and two oblique braces constitute a set of tie structures, and multiple sets of tie structures are provided along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal support, and each set of tie structures is arranged in the following manner: two straight braces are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in transverse direction, two oblique braces are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in transverse projection, and the longitudinal projections of the two oblique braces are in a cross shape; The anti-slip locking mechanism is arranged on the longitudinal support and acts on the tie rod and the lateral earth retaining mechanism at the same time; the anti-slip locking mechanism includes a guide ring, a clamping ring, a transmission square shaft and a locking rod; the guide ring is arranged on the longitudinal support and multiple ones are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction; the clamping ring is arranged on the longitudinal support and is located below the lower guide ring; the transmission square shaft is inserted into multiple guide rings, and a screw rod inserted into the clamping ring is provided at the lower end of the transmission square shaft, and two nuts threadedly matched are provided on the screw rod, and the two nuts are clamped at the upper and lower ends of the clamping ring; the locking rod is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission square shaft and multiple ones are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the transmission square shaft, the locking rod is pressed on the upper side of the diagonal support rod and the straight support rod, and the end of the locking rod on one side of the transmission square shaft is threadedly matched with a threaded barrel, and an adjusting lever is provided on the threaded barrel, and the free end of the threaded barrel acts on the lateral earth retaining mechanism.

2. The modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral soil retaining mechanism comprises a plurality of slots which are arranged on the longitudinal support and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and a retaining plate which is inserted into the slots of the adjacent longitudinal supports in the longitudinal direction.

3. The modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagonal bracing rods and the straight bracing rods are both made of steel bars and steel plates, or are both made of turnbuckle screws. When turnbuckle screws are used, both ends of the turnbuckle screws are processed into bent rod-shaped structures.

4. The modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large cross-section loess tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal support comprises a base, a lower support column arranged on the base, and an upper support column connected to the lower support column; one end of the transverse support is connected to the upper support column.

5. The modular temporary support assembly structure for a super-large section loess tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper support column, the lower support column and the transverse support are all made of I-beams.

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