Column type machining center device and machining method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a column type machining center, including a base, a worktable, a bracket, a tool magazine, a saddle, a column and a machine head; the worktable is arranged on the base for fixing the workpiece to be processed, and the worktable includes a locking mechanism for locking the workpiece to be processed; one end of the bracket is arranged on the base; the tool magazine is fixed on the other end of the bracket, and the tool magazine has a plurality of different first tools; the saddle is movably arranged on the base, the column is movably arranged on the saddle, the machine head is movably arranged on the column, a spindle is arranged on the machine head, the spindle is arranged for a second tool for processing the workpiece to be processed, and the second tool can be switched with the first tool. The present invention also discloses a processing method of a column type machining center. The column of the present invention moves faster, which is convenient for processing, and the worktable can lock the workpiece to be processed, so that the processing is more precise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a column machining center and a machining method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The machining center is an automated multifunctional CNC machine tool with a tool magazine and tool changing device. With the rapid development of manufacturing technology, the requirements for machining technology and machining efficiency are getting higher and higher.

[0003] The existing machining center device usually includes a base, a saddle, a column, a tool magazine and a workbench. The saddle is arranged on the base, the column is arranged on the saddle, the tool magazine is fixed on the column to facilitate the replacement of the tool, and the workbench is arranged on the base to clamp the workpiece to be processed.

[0004] Since the tool magazine is directly fixed on the column, the tool magazine moves synchronously when the column moves. The weight of the umbrella-shaped tool magazine is heavy, and the spindle box is installed on the column, which makes the column and the components installed on the column heavy as a whole, so that the movement speed of the column is slow. At the same time, the workbench installed on the base has the problem of insufficient locking strength, which affects the processing accuracy of the tool on the workpiece. In view of this, the inventor conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and thus this case was created. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned technology to a certain extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a column type machining center, whose column moves faster, facilitates machining, and whose worktable can lock the workpiece to be machined, making machining more precise.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a processing method of a column machining center.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a column type machining center, including a base, a worktable, a bracket, a tool magazine, a saddle, a column and a machine head;

[0008] The workbench is arranged on the base for fixing the workpiece to be processed, and the workbench includes a locking mechanism for locking the workpiece to be processed; one end of the bracket is arranged on the base; the tool magazine is fixed on the other end of the bracket, and the tool magazine has a plurality of different first tools; the saddle is movably arranged on the base, the column is movably arranged on the saddle, the machine head is movably arranged on the column, a spindle is arranged on the machine head, and the spindle is arranged for a second tool for processing the workpiece to be processed, and the second tool can be switched with the first tool.

[0009] Furthermore, the workbench also includes a shell, a worktable plate, a drive assembly and a central axis mechanism. A locking mechanism is arranged in the shell. The worktable plate is connected to the central axis mechanism. The worktable plate can be locked by the locking mechanism. The drive assembly is connected to the central axis mechanism. The central axis mechanism is driven to rotate by the drive assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a driving motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a worm; the driving motor is arranged on the side of the shell, the driving wheel is connected to the driving motor and is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the driven wheel is meshed with the driving wheel and is driven to rotate by the driving wheel, and the driven wheel is arranged on the worm and is driven to rotate by the rotating driven wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the central axis mechanism includes a turbine, a fixed ring and a rotating shaft. The turbine is driven to rotate by the rotating worm. The turbine is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed ring, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a lower locking assembly, an upper locking assembly and a lower gear ring. The lower locking assembly is fixed in the shell, the upper locking assembly is located in the shell, and a cavity for filling with hydraulic oil is formed between the upper locking assembly and the lower locking assembly. The upper locking assembly is close to the lower locking assembly by filling with hydraulic oil to prevent the upper locking assembly from rotating. The lower gear ring is fixedly connected to the worktable, and the lower gear ring is locked by the upper locking assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower locking assembly includes an upper positioning ring and a lower positioning ring. The bottom of the upper positioning ring is fixed on the shell, the top of the upper positioning ring is provided with a first upper tooth, the inner side of the upper positioning ring extends to form a first limit block, the lower positioning ring is fixedly connected to the upper positioning ring, and a second limit block is provided on the lower positioning ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper locking assembly includes a lower movable ring and an upper movable ring. The side of the lower movable ring extends to form a third limit block. The third limit block is located between the first limit block and the second limit block. The cavity is formed between the third limit block and the first limit block. The upper movable ring is fixedly connected to the lower movable ring. The bottom of the upper movable ring is provided with lower teeth that can engage with the first upper teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, one side of the top of the lower gear ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the worktable, and the other side of the top of the lower gear ring is provided with a second upper tooth that can mesh with the lower tooth.

[0016] Furthermore, a bearing assembly is arranged in the housing to facilitate the rotation of the rotating shaft; the bearing assembly includes a limit ring, a tapered roller bearing and a connecting ring, the limit ring is fixedly connected to the housing, the tapered roller bearing includes an outer ring, an inner ring and a rolling body located between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing abuts against the bottom of the limit ring, the tapered roller bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the connecting ring is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the connecting ring abuts against the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing.

[0017] Furthermore, a clamping release switch mechanism for driving the driving component to stop working is provided on the side of the shell; the clamping release switch mechanism includes a driving rod, a rotating rod, a main body, a touch rod and a contact, one end of the driving rod is provided on the upper movable ring, the other end of the driving rod is connected to one end of the rotating rod, the rotating rod can be rotatably provided on the main body, the other end of the rotating rod is connected to the contact rod, the touch rod can contact the contact and send a signal to the control system to drive the driving component to stop working, and the contact is provided on the main body.

[0018] Furthermore, a clamping groove is arranged at the end of the driving rod, and a clamping rod clamped with the clamping groove is arranged at the end of the rotating rod.

[0019] Furthermore, an inclined surface is provided on the base for facilitating chip removal, and the inclined surface is used to fix a first connecting seat on one side of the bottom of the workbench and a second connecting seat on the other side of the bottom of the workbench.

[0020] Furthermore, the bracket includes a lower support frame and an upper support frame, one end of the lower support frame is fixed to the side of the base, the bottom of the upper support frame is fixed to the other end of the lower support frame, and the side of the upper support frame is connected to the tool magazine.

[0021] Furthermore, a vertical reinforcement plate and a plurality of horizontal reinforcement plates are arranged inside the lower support frame, a vertical reinforcement plate connects the middle parts of the plurality of horizontal reinforcement plates, and an end of each horizontal reinforcement plate is connected to the inner side wall of the side plate of the lower support frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the lower support frame includes a horizontal support frame, a vertical support frame and an inclined support frame. One end of the horizontal support frame is arranged on the side of the base, one end of the vertical support frame is connected to the other end of the horizontal support frame, one end of the inclined support frame is connected to the other end of the vertical support frame, and the other end of the inclined support frame is connected to the upper support frame, forming a clearance space between the inclined support frame and the horizontal support frame.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of connection holes for connecting with the horizontal support frame are arranged on the side of the base.

[0024] Furthermore, an X-axis slide rail, an X-axis driving mechanism and an X-axis screw are arranged on the base, and the X-axis driving mechanism drives the X-axis screw to rotate; an X-axis slider and an X-axis connecting seat are arranged at the bottom of the saddle, the X-axis slider is slidably connected to the X-axis slide rail, and the X-axis connecting seat is connected to the X-axis screw and is driven to move by the rotating X-axis screw.

[0025] Furthermore, a Y-axis slide rail, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Y-axis screw are arranged on the saddle, and the Y-axis driving mechanism drives the Y-axis screw to rotate; a Y-axis slider and a Y-axis connecting seat are arranged at the bottom of the column, the Y-axis slider is slidably connected to the Y-axis slide rail, and the Y-axis connecting seat is connected to the Y-axis screw and is driven to move by the rotating Y-axis screw.

[0026] Furthermore, a Z-axis slide rail, a Z-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis screw are arranged on the column, and the Z-axis driving mechanism drives the Z-axis screw to rotate; a Z-axis slider and a Z-axis connecting seat are arranged on the side of the machine head, the Z-axis slider is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail, and the Z-axis connecting seat is connected to the Z-axis screw and is driven to move by the rotating Z-axis screw.

[0027] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor, a reducer and a cutter disc transmission mechanism. The rotating motor is arranged on a mounting seat, the reducer is connected to the rotating motor, and the cutter disc transmission mechanism is connected to the reducer and drives the cutter disc to rotate.

[0028] Furthermore, the tool changing mechanism includes a tool changing cylinder, a tool changing transmission and a tool changing arm. The tool changing cylinder is arranged on a mounting seat, the tool changing transmission is connected to the tool changing cylinder, and the tool changing arm is connected to the tool changing transmission.

[0029] Furthermore, the column includes a back side, a first side surface, a mounting surface and a second side surface. The back side is inclined, a plurality of first trapezoidal reinforcement plates are arranged on the first side surface, the mounting surface is used to install the Z-axis slide rail, the Z-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis screw, and a plurality of second trapezoidal reinforcement plates are arranged on the second side surface.

[0030] Furthermore, a connecting shaft is arranged inside the column, and the connecting shaft is connected to the back surface, the first side surface, the installation surface and the second side surface through a plurality of X-shaped connecting frames.

[0031] Furthermore, each X-shaped connecting frame includes a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame, one end of the first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the back side and the first side, and the other end of the first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting surface and the second side, one end of the second connecting frame is fixedly connected to the back side and the second side, and the other end of the second connecting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting surface and the first side.

[0032] Furthermore, the nose includes a connection surface and two connection side surfaces for connecting with the column, a plurality of reinforcement blocks are arranged between the connection side surfaces, and a plurality of inclined reinforcement ribs are arranged on the connection side surfaces.

[0033] After adopting the above structure, the column machining center according to the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] First, when in use, after the workpiece is mounted on the workbench, the workbench is started. When the workpiece needs to be positioned, the locking mechanism in the workbench can firmly lock the workpiece to prevent it from shaking during processing, thereby facilitating the second tool on the spindle to accurately process the workpiece, greatly improving the accuracy of processing.

[0035] Second, since one end of the bracket is arranged on the base and the tool magazine is fixed on the other end of the bracket, the tool magazine does not directly contact the column, thereby reducing the number of components connected to the column, making the overall weight of the column and the components arranged on the column lighter, thereby facilitating the movement of the column and making the column move faster. The tool magazine is connected to the base through the bracket, and the bracket does not move, so that the tool magazine can be firmly fixed to the base through the bracket.

[0036] Third, since the saddle is movably arranged on the base, the column is movably arranged on the saddle, and the machine head is movably arranged on the column, the second tool on the spindle can be moved to a suitable position, which is convenient for processing the workpiece to be processed on the workbench.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is provided with a base, a workbench, a bracket, a tool magazine, a saddle, a column and a machine head; the locking mechanism in the workbench can firmly lock the workpiece to be processed to prevent the workpiece from shaking during processing, which greatly improves the processing accuracy. The tool magazine is not in direct contact with the column, which facilitates the movement of the column and makes the column move faster. The tool magazine is connected to the base through the bracket, and the bracket does not move, so that the tool magazine can be firmly fixed on the base through the bracket.

[0038] To achieve the above object, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a processing method of a column machining center, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, fix the workpiece to be processed on the workbench;

[0040] S2, the saddle moves along the base, the column moves along the saddle, and the machine head moves along the column so that the second tool on the spindle processes the workpiece;

[0041] S3, the worktable surface on the worktable rotates, and the second tool performs rotation processing on the workpiece;

[0042] S4, the second tool is switched with the first tool on the tool magazine;

[0043] S5, the work table surface on the workbench is locked, and the new second tool performs positioning processing on the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a column machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a driving assembly driving a central axis mechanism to rotate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4is an exploded view of a workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional exploded view of a workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 is an exploded view of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a clamp release switch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a saddle installed on a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.11 is a structural schematic diagram of a saddle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.14 is a cross-sectional view of a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of a head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tool magazine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tool magazine from another angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Description of symbols

[0063] Base 1, inclined surface 11, first connecting seat 12, second connecting seat 13, connecting hole 14, X-axis slide rail 15, X-axis driving mechanism 16, X-axis screw rod 17;

[0064] Workbench 2, locking mechanism 21, lower locking assembly 211, upper positioning ring 2111, first upper teeth 21111, first limit block 21112, lower positioning ring 2112, second limit block 21121, upper locking assembly 212, lower movable ring 2121, third limit block 21211, upper movable ring 2122, lower teeth 21221, lower gear ring 213, second upper teeth 2131, cavity 214, shell 22, workbench plate 23, drive assembly 24, drive motor The machine 241, the driving wheel 242, the driven wheel 243, the worm 244, the central shaft mechanism 25, the turbine 251, the fixing ring 252, the rotating shaft 253, the bearing assembly 26, the limiting ring 261, the tapered roller bearing 262, the outer ring 2621, the inner ring 2622, the rolling element 2623, the connecting ring 263, the connecting convex seat 27, the clamping switch mechanism 28, the driving rod 281, the clamping groove 2811, the rotating rod 282, the body 283, the contact rod 284, the contact 285, and the clamping rod 286;

[0065] Bracket 3, lower support frame 31, vertical reinforcement plate 311, horizontal reinforcement plate 312, upper support frame 32, horizontal support frame 33, vertical support frame 34, inclined support frame 35, and clearance space 36;

[0066] Tool magazine 4, mounting seat 41, tool disc 411, tool seat 4111, clearance opening 412, rotating mechanism 42, rotating motor 421, tool changing mechanism 43, tool changing cylinder 431, tool changing transmission 432, tool changing arm 433;

[0067] Saddle 5, X-axis slider 51, X-axis connecting seat 52, Y-axis slide rail 53, Y-axis driving mechanism 54, Y-axis screw rod 55;

[0068] Column 6, Y-axis slider 61, Y-axis connecting seat 62, Z-axis slide rail 63, Z-axis driving mechanism 64, Z-axis screw rod 65, back surface 66, first side surface 661, mounting surface 662, second side surface 663, first trapezoidal reinforcing plate 664, second trapezoidal reinforcing plate 665, connecting shaft 67, X-shaped connecting frame 671, first connecting frame 6711, second connecting frame 6712;

[0069] Machine head 7, Z-axis slider 71, Z-axis connecting seat 72, connecting surface 73, connecting side surface 74, reinforcing block 75, inclined reinforcing rib 76;

[0070] Spindle 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0072] like Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a column machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a base 1, a worktable 2, a bracket 3, a tool magazine 4, a saddle 5, a column 6 and a machine head 7; the worktable 2 is arranged on the base 1 for fixing the workpiece to be processed, and the worktable 2 comprises a locking mechanism 21 for locking the workpiece to be processed; one end of the bracket 3 is arranged on the base 1; the tool magazine 4 is fixed at the other end of the bracket 3, and the tool magazine 4 has a plurality of different first tools; the saddle 5 is movably arranged on the base 1, the column 6 is movably arranged on the saddle 5, the machine head 7 is movably arranged on the column 6, a spindle 8 is arranged on the machine head 7, and the spindle 8 is arranged for a second tool for processing the workpiece to be processed, and the second tool can be switched with the first tool.

[0073] In this way, the present invention relates to a column machining center. When the workpiece to be processed is installed on the workbench 2, the workbench 2 is started. When the workpiece to be processed needs to be positioned and processed, the locking mechanism 21 in the workbench 2 can firmly lock the workpiece to be processed to prevent the workpiece from shaking during processing, thereby facilitating the second tool on the spindle 8 to accurately process the workpiece, greatly improving the accuracy of the processing.

[0074] Since one end of the bracket 3 is arranged on the base 1 and the tool magazine 4 is fixed on the other end of the bracket 3, the tool magazine 4 does not directly contact the column 6, thereby reducing the number of components connected to the column 6, making the overall weight of the column 6 and the components arranged on the column 6 lighter, thereby facilitating the movement of the column 6 and making the column 6 move faster. The tool magazine 4 is connected to the base 1 through the bracket 3, and the bracket 3 does not move, so that the tool magazine 4 can be firmly fixed on the base 1 through the bracket 3. Since the saddle 5 is movably arranged on the base 1, the column 6 is movably arranged on the saddle 5, and the machine head 7 is movably arranged on the column 6, the second tool on the spindle 8 can be moved to a suitable position, which is convenient for processing the workpiece to be processed on the workbench 2.

[0075] Alternatively, if Figures 2 to 7As shown, the workbench 2 also includes a shell 22, a worktable plate 23, a driving assembly 24 and a central axis mechanism 25. A locking mechanism 21 is arranged in the shell 22. The worktable plate 23 is connected to the central axis mechanism 25. The worktable plate 23 can be locked by the locking mechanism 21. The driving assembly 24 is connected to the central axis mechanism 25. The central axis mechanism 25 is driven to rotate by the driving assembly 24. When processing the workpiece to be processed, the workpiece to be processed is first fixed on the worktable plate 23 so that the workpiece to be processed can rotate with the rotation of the worktable plate 23 and can remain stationary with the locking of the worktable plate 23. The driving assembly 24 is connected to the central axis mechanism 25. The central axis mechanism 25 is driven to rotate by the driving assembly 24. The rotation of the central axis mechanism 25 can drive the worktable plate 23 to rotate, thereby facilitating the rotation processing of the workpiece to be processed fixed on the worktable plate 23. At the same time, the worktable 23 can be locked by the locking mechanism 21, so that the workpiece fixed on the worktable 23 is locked to prevent the workpiece from shaking during processing, thereby facilitating the positioning processing of the workpiece fixed on the worktable 23. Through rotation processing and positioning processing, a workpiece that meets the requirements can be processed accurately.

[0076] Furthermore, the driving assembly 24 includes a driving motor 241, a driving wheel 242, a driven wheel 243 and a worm 244; the driving motor 241 is arranged at the side of the housing 22, the driving wheel 242 is connected to the driving motor 241 and driven to rotate by the driving motor 241, the driven wheel 243 is meshed with the driving wheel 242 and driven to rotate by the driving wheel 242, and the driven wheel 243 is arranged on the worm 244 and driven to rotate by the rotating driven wheel 243. When the worktable 23 needs to be driven to rotate, the driving motor 241 drives the driving wheel 242 to rotate, the driving wheel 242 rotates to drive the driven wheel 243 to rotate, the driven wheel 243 rotates to drive the worm 244 to rotate, and the rotating worm 244 rotates to drive the central axis mechanism 25 to rotate, and finally the worktable 23 is driven to rotate.

[0077] The central axis mechanism 25 includes a turbine 251, a fixed ring 252 and a rotating shaft 253. The turbine 251 is driven to rotate by the rotating worm 244. The turbine 251 is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed ring 252, and the rotating shaft 253 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 252. The rotating worm 244 drives the turbine 251 to rotate, and the rotation of the turbine 251 is synchronously rotated with the fixed ring 252 and the rotating shaft 253, and finally drives the worktable 23 to rotate, which is convenient for the rotation processing of the workpiece to be processed.

[0078] In some examples, the locking mechanism 21 includes a lower locking assembly 211, an upper locking assembly 212 and a lower gear ring 213. The lower locking assembly 211 is fixed in the housing 22. The upper locking assembly 212 is located in the housing 22 and forms a cavity 214 for filling with hydraulic oil between the upper locking assembly 212 and the lower locking assembly 211. The upper locking assembly 212 is filled with hydraulic oil and is close to the lower locking assembly 211 to prevent the upper locking assembly 212 from rotating. The lower gear ring 213 is fixedly connected to the worktable 23 and is locked by the upper locking assembly 212.

[0079] Since the lower locking assembly 211 is fixed in the housing 22, that is, the lower locking assembly 211 is fixed and immovable, although the upper locking assembly 212 is located in the housing 22, the upper locking assembly 212 can be squeezed and moved by the filled hydraulic oil. After the upper locking assembly 212 moves, it contacts the lower gear ring 213 and can prevent the lower gear ring 213 from rotating. Since the lower gear ring 213 is fixedly connected to the worktable 23, the lower gear ring 213 stops rotating and drives the worktable 23 to stop rotating, thereby locking the worktable 23 to prevent the workpiece to be processed on the worktable 23 from shaking during positioning processing, thereby improving processing accuracy. Among them, the hydraulic oil can be driven into the cavity 214 by the oil supply mechanism. The oil supply mechanism drives the hydraulic oil to fill the cavity 214, which is a prior art and will not be repeated here. A plurality of sealing rings for preventing hydraulic oil leakage are provided at the lower locking assembly 211 and the upper locking assembly 212.

[0080] As an example, the lower locking assembly 211 includes an upper positioning ring 2111 and a lower positioning ring 2112, the bottom of the upper positioning ring 2111 is fixed on the housing 22, the top of the upper positioning ring 2111 is provided with a first upper tooth 21111, the inner side of the upper positioning ring 2111 extends to form a first limit block 21112, the lower positioning ring 2112 is fixedly connected to the upper positioning ring 2111, and the lower positioning ring 2112 is provided with a second limit block 21121. Since the bottom of the upper positioning ring 2111 is fixed on the housing 22, the relative position of the first upper tooth 21111 at the top of the upper positioning ring 2111 and the housing 22 is fixed. By providing the second limit block 21121 and the first limit block 21112, the travel of the upper locking assembly 212 can be limited, so as to facilitate locking the worktable 23.

[0081] Among them, the upper locking assembly 212 includes a lower movable ring 2121 and an upper movable ring 2122. The side of the lower movable ring 2121 extends to form a third limit block 21211. The third limit block 21211 is located between the first limit block 21112 and the second limit block 21121. The cavity 214 is formed between the third limit block 21211 and the first limit block 21112. The upper movable ring 2122 is fixedly connected to the lower movable ring 2121. The bottom of the upper movable ring 2122 is provided with a lower tooth 21221 that can engage with the first upper tooth 21111. After the oil supply mechanism drives the hydraulic oil into the cavity 214, the amount of hydraulic oil increases, and the volume increases, driving the third limit block 21211 to move toward the second limit block 21121, thereby causing the lower movable ring 2121 to move downward. Since the upper movable ring 2122 is fixedly connected to the lower movable ring 2121, the downward movement of the lower movable ring 2121 drives the upper movable ring 2122 to move downward synchronously, so that the upper movable ring 2122 contacts the lower gear ring 213 and locks the lower gear ring 213, thereby locking the worktable 23.

[0082] In this example, one side of the top of the lower gear ring 213 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the worktable 23, and the other side of the top of the lower gear ring 213 is provided with a second upper tooth 2131 that can mesh with the lower tooth 21221. After the upper movable ring 2122 moves downward under the action of the hydraulic oil, the lower tooth 21221 meshes with the first upper tooth 21111, and at the same time, the lower tooth 21221 meshes with the second upper tooth 2131. Since the first upper tooth 21111 is fixed, the lower tooth 21221 that meshes with the first upper tooth 21111 is fixed, and the lower tooth 21221 is fixed, which drives the second upper tooth 2131 to be fixed, thereby driving the lower gear ring 213 and the worktable 23 to be fixed, so as to achieve locking of the worktable 23 for easy processing.

[0083] In some examples, a bearing assembly 26 is disposed in the housing 22 to facilitate the rotation of the rotating shaft 253; the bearing assembly 26 includes a limit ring 261, a tapered roller bearing 262 and a connecting ring 263, the limit ring 261 is fixedly connected to the housing 22, the tapered roller bearing 262 includes an outer ring 2621, an inner ring 2622 and a rolling body 2623 located between the inner ring 2622 and the outer ring 2621, the outer ring 2621 of the tapered roller bearing 262 abuts against the bottom of the limit ring 261, the tapered roller bearing 262 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 253, the connecting ring 263 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft 253, and the connecting ring 263 abuts against the inner ring 2622 of the tapered roller bearing 262.

[0084] A connecting convex seat 27 may be provided in the housing 22, and a limiting ring 261 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting convex seat 27 of the housing 22. When installed, the tapered roller bearing 262 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 253, so that the top of the outer ring 2621 of the tapered roller bearing 262 abuts against the bottom of the limiting ring 261, the side of the outer ring 2621 of the tapered roller bearing 262 abuts against the inner wall of the connecting convex seat 27, the inner ring 2622 of the tapered roller bearing 262 abuts against the outer wall of the rotating shaft 253, and the bottom of the inner ring 2622 of the tapered roller bearing 262 is squeezed by the connecting ring 263 to limit the tapered roller bearing 262. By providing the limiting ring 261, the tapered roller bearing 262 and the connecting ring 263, the tapered roller bearing 262 can drive the axial center line of the rotating shaft 253 to coincide with the axial center line of the tapered roller bearing 262, thereby improving the accuracy during processing. Among them, an internal thread is set in the connecting ring 263, and an external thread is set on the rotating shaft 253, so that the connecting ring 263 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 253, so that the top of the connecting ring 263 is tightly against the bottom of the inner ring 2622, and the top of the outer ring 2621 is tightly against the bottom of the limiting ring 261.

[0085] Furthermore, a clamp release switch mechanism 28 is provided on the side of the housing 22 for driving the drive assembly 24 to stop working; Figure 8 As shown, the clamp release switch mechanism 28 includes a driving rod 281, a rotating rod 282, a body 283, a contact rod 284 and a contact 285. One end of the driving rod 281 is arranged on the upper movable ring 2122, and the other end of the driving rod 281 is connected to one end of the rotating rod 282. The rotating rod 282 is rotatably arranged on the body 283, and the other end of the rotating rod 282 is connected to the contact rod 284. The contact rod 284 can contact the contact 285 and send a signal to the control system to drive the driving component 24 to stop working. The contact 285 is arranged on the body 283. By setting the clamp release switch mechanism 28, the driving component 24 can be driven to stop working before the work table 23 is locked, so as to lock the work table 23.

[0086] When the hydraulic oil fills the cavity 214, when the upper movable ring 2122 moves downward, the driving rod 281 provided on the upper movable ring 2122 moves downward synchronously, the driving rod 281 moves downward to drive the rotating rod 282 to rotate, the rotating rod 282 rotates to drive the feeler rod 284 to rotate, so that the feeler rod 284 contacts the contact 285, and after the feeler rod 284 contacts the contact 285, a signal is sent to the control system to stop the driving assembly 24, so that the lower teeth 21221 contact the first upper teeth 21111 and the second upper teeth 213 1, the driving assembly 24 is stopped in time before the work is completed. After the driving assembly 24 stops working, there is no external force driving the work table 23 to rotate. After the hydraulic oil fills the cavity 214, the teeth contact the first upper teeth 21111 and the second upper teeth 2131 to lock the work table 23. Since the lower teeth 21221, the first upper teeth 21111 and the second upper teeth 2131 all have a plurality of fine teeth, the work table 23 can be firmly locked to prevent the work table 23 from shaking, thereby greatly improving the accuracy during processing.

[0087] The end of the driving rod 281 is provided with a slot 2811, and the end of the rotating rod 282 is provided with a rod 286 engaged with the slot 2811. When the upper movable ring 2122 moves downward to connect the driving rod 281 to move downward, the slot 2811 moves downward, thereby driving the rod 286 to rotate, and the rod 286 rotates to drive the rotating rod 282 to rotate.

[0088] In some examples, an inclined surface 11 is provided on the base 1 for facilitating chip removal, and a first connecting seat 12 is provided on the inclined surface 11 for fixing one side of the bottom of the workbench 2 and a second connecting seat 13 is provided for fixing the other side of the bottom of the workbench 2. By providing the inclined surface 11, the chips generated during the processing of the workpiece can slide down along the inclined surface 11, preventing the chips from affecting the processing and facilitating timely removal of the chips.

[0089] Furthermore, if Fig.16 As shown, the bracket 3 includes a lower bracket 31 and an upper bracket 32, one end of the lower bracket 31 is fixed to the side of the base 1, the bottom of the upper bracket 32 ​​is fixed to the other end of the lower bracket 31, and the side of the upper bracket 32 ​​is connected to the tool magazine 4. One end of the lower bracket 31 is fixed to the side of the base 1, so that the bracket 3 is located at the side of the base 1, preventing the bracket 3 from interfering with the second tool to process the workpiece to be processed on the processing table.

[0090] In order to improve the strength of the lower support frame 31, a vertical reinforcing plate 311 and a plurality of horizontal reinforcing plates 312 are arranged inside the lower support frame 31. A vertical reinforcing plate 311 connects the middle parts of a plurality of horizontal reinforcing plates 312, and the end of each horizontal reinforcing plate 312 is connected to the inner side wall of the side plate of the lower support frame 31. By arranging a vertical reinforcing plate 311 and a plurality of horizontal reinforcing plates 312, the strength of the lower support frame 31 can be effectively improved. At the same time, there is a cavity between the vertical reinforcing plate 311 and the plurality of horizontal reinforcing plates 312, so that the overall weight of the lower support frame 31 is relatively light.

[0091] In some examples, the lower support frame 31 includes a horizontal support frame 33, a vertical support frame 34 and an inclined support frame 35, one end of the horizontal support frame 33 is arranged on the side of the base 1, one end of the vertical support frame 34 is connected to the other end of the horizontal support frame 33, one end of the inclined support frame 35 is connected to the other end of the vertical support frame 34, and the other end of the inclined support frame 35 is connected to the upper support frame 32, and a clearance space 36 is formed between the inclined support frame 35 and the horizontal support frame 33. By setting the clearance space 36, it is convenient to install the saddle 5, and by setting the inclined support frame 35, it is convenient for the tool magazine 4 to be close to the spindle 8 on the machine head 7 to facilitate tool changing. Since the tool magazine 4 is at a higher position, the machine head 7 together with the spindle 8 on the machine head 7 moves downward and close to the workbench 2, so as to facilitate processing of the workpiece to be processed on the workbench 2.

[0092] As an example, a plurality of connection holes 14 for connecting to the horizontal support frame 33 are provided on the side of the base 1. By providing the connection holes 14, the base 1 can be fixed on different connection holes 14, so as to facilitate adjustment of the appropriate position of the horizontal support frame 33, facilitate adjustment of the position of the tool magazine 4, and facilitate tool changing.

[0093] In some examples, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the base 1 is provided with an X-axis slide rail 15, an X-axis driving mechanism 16 and an X-axis screw rod 17, and the X-axis driving assembly 24 drives the X-axis screw rod 17 to rotate; an X-axis slider 51 and an X-axis connecting seat 52 are provided at the bottom of the saddle 5, the X-axis slider 51 is slidably connected with the X-axis slide rail 15, and the X-axis connecting seat 52 is connected with the X-axis screw rod 17 and is driven to move by the rotating X-axis screw rod 17. By providing the X-axis slide rail 15, the X-axis driving mechanism 16 and the X-axis screw rod 17, the X-axis driving mechanism 16 can drive the X-axis screw rod 17 to rotate, thereby driving the X-axis connecting seat 52 to move, so that the X-axis slider 51 slides along the X-axis slide rail 15, so that the saddle 5 can move along the X-axis direction.

[0094] Furthermore, if Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the saddle 5 is provided with a Y-axis slide rail 53, a Y-axis driving mechanism 54 and a Y-axis screw rod 55, and the Y-drive assembly 24 drives the Y-axis screw rod 55 to rotate; the bottom of the column 6 is provided with a Y-axis slider 61 and a Y-axis connecting seat 62, the Y-axis slider 61 is slidably connected with the Y-axis slide rail 53, and the Y-axis connecting seat 62 is connected with the Y-axis screw rod 55 and is driven to move by the rotating Y-axis screw rod 55. By providing the Y-axis slide rail 53, the Y-axis driving mechanism 54 and the Y-axis screw rod 55, the Y-axis driving mechanism 54 can drive the Y-axis screw rod 55 to rotate, thereby driving the Y-axis connecting seat 62 to move, so that the Y-axis slider 61 slides along the Y-axis slide rail 53, so that the column 6 can move along the Y-axis direction.

[0095] In some examples, a Z-axis rail 63, a Z-axis driving mechanism 64 and a Z-axis screw 65 are provided on the column 6, and the Z-drive assembly 24 drives the Z-axis screw 65 to rotate; a Z-axis slider 71 and a Z-axis connecting seat 72 are provided on the side of the machine head 7, the Z-axis slider 71 is slidably connected to the Z-axis rail 63, and the Z-axis connecting seat 72 is connected to the Z-axis screw 65 and is driven to move by the rotating Z-axis screw 65. By providing the Z-axis rail 63, the Z-axis driving mechanism 64 and the Z-axis screw 65, the Z-axis driving mechanism 64 can drive the Z-axis screw 65 to rotate, thereby driving the Z-axis connecting seat 72 to move, so that the Z-axis slider 71 slides along the Z-axis rail 63, so that the machine head 7 can move along the Z-axis direction.

[0096] In this example, the tool magazine 4 includes a mounting seat 41, a rotating mechanism 42 and a tool changing mechanism 43. A tool disc 411 is arranged on one side of the mounting seat 41. A plurality of tool seats 4111 for accommodating different tools are arranged on the tool disc 411, and each tool seat 4111 is used to accommodate a tool. By providing a plurality of tool seats 4111, each tool seat 4111 accommodates a tool, so that a suitable tool can be changed, it is convenient to use different tools to process the workpiece, and the processing effect is better.

[0097] In this example, Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, the rotating mechanism 42 includes a rotating motor 421, a speed reducer and a drive mechanism for a cutter disc 411. The rotating motor 421 is arranged on the mounting seat 41, the speed reducer is connected to the rotating motor 421, and the drive mechanism for the cutter disc 411 is connected to the speed reducer and drives the cutter disc 411 to rotate. By setting the rotating motor 421, when it is necessary to change the tool, the rotating motor 421 can drive the cutter disc 411 to rotate through the speed reducer and the drive mechanism for the cutter disc 411, so that the first tool on the cutter disc 411 rotates to the bottom, which is convenient for the tool changing mechanism 43 to change the tool. Among them, a clearance opening 412 is arranged under the mounting seat 41, and after the first tool on the cutter disc 411 rotates to the bottom and is located at the clearance opening 412, the rotation mechanism of the cutter seat 4111 drives the cutter seat 4111 to rotate 90 degrees, so that it is convenient for the tool changing mechanism 43 to change the tool.

[0098] The tool changing mechanism 43 includes a tool changing cylinder 431, a tool changing transmission 432 and a tool changing arm 433. The tool changing cylinder 431 is arranged on the mounting seat 41, the tool changing transmission 432 is connected to the tool changing cylinder 431, and the tool changing arm 433 is connected to the tool changing transmission 432. By arranging the tool changing cylinder 431, the tool changing transmission 432 and the tool changing arm 433, the tool changing cylinder 431 drives the tool changing arm 433 to rotate through the tool changing transmission 432, thereby switching the second tool on the spindle 8 with the first tool on the tool magazine 4, and the switching efficiency is high.

[0099] Furthermore, if Figure 12 to Figure 14 As shown, the column 6 includes a back surface 66, a first side surface 661, a mounting surface 662 and a second side surface 663. The back surface 66 is tilted, a plurality of first trapezoidal reinforcing plates 664 are arranged on the first side surface 661, the mounting surface 662 is used to install the Z-axis slide rail 63, the Z-axis drive mechanism 64 and the Z-axis screw rod 65, and a plurality of second trapezoidal reinforcing plates 665 are arranged on the second side surface 663. Since the back surface 66 is tilted, the side section of the column 6 is in a right-angle trapezoidal shape, which reduces the weight of the column 6. By arranging a plurality of first trapezoidal reinforcing plates 664 and second trapezoidal reinforcing plates 665, the strength of the first side surface 661 and the second side surface 663 can be effectively strengthened.

[0100] As an example, a connecting shaft 67 is provided inside the column 6, and the connecting shaft 67 is connected to the back side 66, the first side 661, the mounting surface 662 and the second side 663 through a plurality of X-shaped connecting frames 671. Each X-shaped connecting frame 671 includes a first connecting frame 6711 and a second connecting frame 6712, one end of the first connecting frame 6711 is fixedly connected to the back side 66 and the first side 661, the other end of the first connecting frame 6711 is fixedly connected to the mounting surface 662 and the second side 663, one end of the second connecting frame 6712 is fixedly connected to the back side 66 and the second side 663, and the other end of the second connecting frame 6712 is fixedly connected to the mounting surface 662 and the first side 661. By setting up multiple X-shaped connecting frames 671, a cavity is provided in the middle of the column 6, and the X-shaped connecting frame 671 is connected to the back side 66, the first side surface 661, the installation surface 662 and the second side surface 663. The overall strength is large and the overall weight is light, which further facilitates the movement of the column 6, so that the column 6 can be quickly driven to move by using a motor with a smaller driving force, and the column 6 moves quickly.

[0101] Alternatively, if Fig.15As shown, the machine head 7 includes a connection surface 73 and two connection side surfaces 74 for connecting with the column 6, a plurality of reinforcing blocks 75 are arranged between the connection side surfaces 74 and the connection surface 73, and a plurality of inclined reinforcing ribs 76 are arranged on the connection side surfaces 74. By arranging the reinforcing blocks 75, the connection strength of the connection surface 73 and the two connection side surfaces 74 is extremely large, and the strength of the machine head 7 is high. By arranging a plurality of inclined reinforcing ribs 76 on the connection side surfaces 74, the strength of the connection side surfaces 74 is further strengthened, and the installation of the main shaft 8 is facilitated.

[0102] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is provided with a base 1, a workbench 2, a bracket 3, a tool magazine 4, a saddle 5, a column 6 and a machine head 7; the locking mechanism 21 in the workbench 2 can firmly lock the workpiece to be processed to prevent the workpiece from shaking during processing, thereby greatly improving the processing accuracy. The tool magazine 4 is not in direct contact with the column 6, which facilitates the movement of the column 6 and makes the column 6 move faster. The tool magazine 4 is connected to the base 1 through the bracket 3, and the bracket 3 does not move, so that the tool magazine 4 can be firmly fixed on the base 1 through the bracket 3.

[0103] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a processing method of a column machining center, comprising the following steps:

[0104] S1, fix the workpiece to be processed on the workbench 2; S2, the saddle 5 moves along the base 1, the column 6 moves along the saddle 5, and the machine head 7 moves along the column 6 so that the second tool on the spindle 8 processes the workpiece to be processed; S3, the worktable 2 surface on the workbench 2 rotates, and the second tool performs rotational processing on the workpiece to be processed; S4, the second tool is switched with the first tool on the tool magazine 4; S5, the worktable 2 surface on the workbench 2 is locked, and the new second tool performs positioning processing on the workpiece to be processed.

[0105] During processing, the workpiece to be processed is fixed on the workbench 2, the saddle 5 moves along the base 1, the column 6 moves along the saddle 5, and the machine head 7 moves along the column 6 so that the second tool on the spindle 8 processes the workpiece to be processed, the worktable 2 surface on the workbench 2 rotates, the second tool performs rotational processing on the workpiece to be processed, the second tool is switched with the first tool on the tool magazine 4, the worktable 2 surface on the workbench 2 is locked, and the new second tool performs positioning processing on the workpiece to be processed.

[0106] The above embodiments and drawings do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field should be deemed to be within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A column type machining center, comprising a base, a worktable, a bracket, a tool magazine, a saddle, a column and a machine head; characterized in that: The workbench is arranged on the base for fixing the workpiece to be processed, and the workbench includes a locking mechanism for locking the workpiece to be processed; one end of the bracket is arranged on the base; the tool magazine is fixed on the other end of the bracket, and the tool magazine has a plurality of different first tools; the saddle is movably arranged on the base, the column is movably arranged on the saddle, the machine head is movably arranged on the column, a spindle is arranged on the machine head, and the spindle is arranged on the second tool for processing the workpiece to be processed, and the second tool can be switched with the first tool; The locking mechanism includes a lower locking assembly, an upper locking assembly and a lower toothed ring. The lower locking assembly is fixed in the housing. The upper locking assembly is located in the housing and forms a cavity for filling with hydraulic oil with the lower locking assembly. The upper locking assembly is close to the lower locking assembly by filling with hydraulic oil. The lower toothed ring is fixedly connected to the workbench, and the lower toothed ring is locked by the upper locking assembly. The lower locking assembly includes an upper positioning ring and a lower positioning ring, the bottom of the upper positioning ring is fixed on the shell, the top of the upper positioning ring is provided with a first upper tooth, the inner side of the upper positioning ring extends to form a first limit block, the lower positioning ring is fixedly connected to the upper positioning ring, and the lower positioning ring is provided with a second limit block; the upper locking assembly includes a lower movable ring and an upper movable ring, the side of the lower movable ring extends to form a third limit block, the third limit block is located between the first limit block and the second limit block, and the cavity is formed between the third limit block and the first limit block, the upper movable ring is fixedly connected to the lower movable ring, and the bottom of the upper movable ring is provided with a lower tooth that can mesh with the first upper tooth; one side of the top of the lower tooth ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the worktable, and the other side of the top of the lower tooth ring is provided with a second upper tooth that can mesh with the lower tooth.

2. The column type machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench also includes a shell, a worktable plate, a driving assembly and a central axis mechanism. A locking mechanism is arranged in the shell. The worktable plate is connected to the central axis mechanism and can be locked by the locking mechanism. The driving assembly is connected to the central axis mechanism and the central axis mechanism is driven to rotate by the driving assembly.

3. The column type machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a driving motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a worm; the driving motor is arranged on the side of the shell, the driving wheel is connected to the driving motor and driven to rotate by the driving motor, the driven wheel is meshed with the driving wheel and driven to rotate by the driving wheel, the driven wheel is arranged on the worm and driven to rotate by the rotating driven wheel; the central axis mechanism includes a turbine, a fixed ring and a rotating shaft, the turbine is driven to rotate by the rotating worm, the turbine is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed ring, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the fixed ring.

4. The column type machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing assembly is arranged in the housing to facilitate the rotation of the rotating shaft; the bearing assembly comprises a limit ring, a tapered roller bearing and a connecting ring, the limit ring is fixedly connected to the housing, the tapered roller bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and a rolling body located between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing abuts against the bottom of the limit ring, the tapered roller bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the connecting ring is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the connecting ring abuts against the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing.

5. The column type machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clamp release switch mechanism for driving the driving component to stop working is arranged on the side of the shell; the clamp release switch mechanism includes a driving rod, a rotating rod, a main body, a touch rod and a contact, one end of the driving rod is arranged on the upper movable ring, the other end of the driving rod is connected to one end of the rotating rod, the rotating rod can be rotatably arranged on the main body, the other end of the rotating rod is connected to the contact rod, the touch rod can contact the contact and send a signal to the control system to drive the driving component to stop working, and the contact is arranged on the main body.

6. The column type machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket includes a lower support frame and an upper support frame, one end of the lower support frame is fixed to the side of the base, the bottom of the upper support frame is fixed to the other end of the lower support frame, and the side of the upper support frame is connected to the tool magazine; a vertical reinforcement plate and multiple horizontal reinforcement plates are arranged inside the lower support frame, one vertical reinforcement plate is connected to the middle parts of multiple horizontal reinforcement plates, and the end of each horizontal reinforcement plate is connected to the inner wall of the side plate of the lower support frame; the lower support frame includes a horizontal support frame, a vertical support frame and an inclined support frame, one end of the horizontal support frame is arranged on the side of the base, one end of the vertical support frame is connected to the other end of the horizontal support frame, one end of the inclined support frame is connected to the other end of the vertical support frame, and the other end of the inclined support frame is connected to the upper support frame, and a clearance space is formed between the inclined support frame and the horizontal support frame; a plurality of connection holes for connecting with the horizontal support frame are arranged on the side of the base.

7. The column type machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-axis slide rail, an X-axis driving mechanism and an X-axis screw are arranged on the base, and the X-axis driving mechanism drives the X-axis screw to rotate; an X-axis slider and an X-axis connecting seat are arranged at the bottom of the saddle, the X-axis slider is slidably connected to the X-axis slide rail, the X-axis connecting seat is connected to the X-axis screw and is driven to move by the rotating X-axis screw; a Y-axis slide rail, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Y-axis screw are arranged on the saddle, and the Y-axis driving mechanism drives the Y-axis screw to rotate; a Y-axis slider and a Y-axis connecting seat are arranged at the bottom of the column, the Y-axis slider is slidably connected to the Y-axis slide rail, the Y-axis connecting seat is connected to the Y-axis screw and is driven to move by the rotating Y-axis screw; a Z-axis slide rail, a Z-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis screw are arranged on the column, and the Z-axis driving mechanism drives the Z-axis screw to rotate; A Z-axis slider and a Z-axis connecting seat are arranged on the side of the machine head. The Z-axis slider is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail. The Z-axis connecting seat is connected to the Z-axis screw rod and is driven to move by the rotating Z-axis screw rod.

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