A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system and method suitable for single well

Abstract

The present application relates to a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, wherein the Christmas tree is connected to the return oil pipe and the pressure transmitter through pipelines, and two three-way joints are arranged in the middle of the pipeline connecting the Christmas tree and the return oil pipe, and a high-pressure oil pipe connected in parallel with the pipeline is connected through the two three-way joints, and a valve is arranged in the high-pressure oil pipe, and the valve is connected to a casing pressure regulator, which is connected to a pressure transmitter, and the casing pressure regulator is also connected to a gas leakage monitoring module. The multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system of the present application adds parallel pipelines to the traditional manual casing pressure regulating pipeline system, and a casing pressure regulator is arranged on the pipeline, which automatically adjusts the valve opening to control the casing pressure according to the pressure transmitter signal replaced at the casing pressure valve, and at the same time, a gas sensor is arranged at the sucker rod to monitor the gas leakage during the production process of the oil well, and all data are transmitted to the casing pressure regulator, and then automatically reported through wireless remote transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and natural gas extraction, and in particular to a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system and method suitable for a single well. Background Art

[0002] The casing pressure and gas leakage at the wellhead of the pumping well are one of the important parameters for safe production of oil wells. Its changes and fluctuations will directly affect the submergence of the oil well, crude oil production, pump efficiency, wax deposition, etc. During the production process of the oil well, when the bottom hole pressure is lower than the saturation pressure, natural gas will be separated from the crude oil. A part of the separated natural gas will accumulate in the annular space of the oil casing to form casing pressure. The casing pressure is too high, forcing the dynamic liquid level to drop. When the dynamic liquid level drops to the suction port of the deep well pump, the gas will enter the deep well pump, reducing the pump efficiency and stopping the oil well. In severe cases, gas lock will occur. Near the wellhead sucker rod of the pumping well, since the sucker rod moves up and down, the sucker rod sealing box will cause methane and other flammable gases, hydrogen sulfide and other harmful gases in the well to leak into the air as the oil is pumped up due to long-term wear.

[0003] When these gases leak into the air from the oil well, if the concentration exceeds the standard, it will cause production accidents or endanger the life safety of operators. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the traditional method from the Christmas tree to the return oil pipe in the oil field is to use manual valves and pressure gauges. When the line patrol personnel observe that the casing pressure value is too high during the daily line patrol operation, they manually adjust the casing pressure valve to adjust the casing pressure pipeline pressure. It can be said that the current method of relying on line patrol workers to manually patrol the line to find leaks and then report them for maintenance is prone to huge economic losses due to the large number of oil wells and the long distance between them. It also does not conform to the current trend of automated intelligent production. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problem that the existing technology cannot accurately monitor the operating environment of each oil well remotely, this application proposes a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, which adds a parallel pipeline system to the traditional manual casing pressure adjustment pipeline system. The pipeline system is provided with a casing pressure regulator, and a gas leakage monitoring module is provided at the active part of the sucker rod. The casing pressure regulator can automatically adjust the valve opening to control the casing pressure according to the pressure transmitter signal replaced at the casing pressure valve. At the same time, a gas sensor is also provided at the sucker rod to monitor the gas leakage during the production process of the oil well. All data are transmitted to the internal mainboard of the casing pressure regulator and transmitted to the user's host computer via wireless remote transmission.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application proposes a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, including a Christmas tree 1 connected to a return oil pipe 3 through a first pipeline 2, and the Christmas tree 1 is also connected to a pressure transmitter 5 through a second pipeline 4. A first three-way joint 21 and a second three-way joint 22 are provided in the middle of the first pipeline 2, and a high-pressure oil pipe 6 connected in parallel with the first pipeline 2 is provided through the two three-way joints. A valve 7 is provided in the high-pressure oil pipe 6, and the valve 7 is connected to a casing pressure regulator 8 that can control its opening and closing. The casing pressure regulator 8 is connected to the pressure transmitter 5 through a first explosion-proof hose 9 and collects pressure signals.

[0006] In particular, the casing pressure regulator 8 is provided with an AC reduction motor 84 with shafts at both ends, the lower end of the motor output shaft 841 of the AC reduction motor 84 is connected to the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85, and the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85 is connected to the valve stem of the valve 7; the upper end of the motor output shaft 841 is connected to the angle feedback disk 88, and the angle feedback disk 88 is provided with a baffle shaft 881, and a magnet is provided in the baffle shaft 881. The angle feedback disk 88 rotates to different positions as the motor output shaft 841 rotates, and signals are generated between the baffle shaft 881 and the Hall elements distributed at different angles on the Hall angle plate 89 provided in the casing pressure regulator 8.

[0007] In particular, the casing pressure regulator 8 includes an explosion-proof cavity 82 surrounded by an explosion-proof box shell 81, the bottom of the explosion-proof box shell 81 is closed by an explosion-proof bracket base 811, and one side wall of the explosion-proof cavity 82 is a main control display unit 83, which is covered by an explosion-proof box display screen cover 812.

[0008] In particular, the explosion-proof cavity output shaft 85 passes through the axial hole 813 opened in the explosion-proof bracket base 811, and a deep groove ball bearing 814 is provided in the axial hole 813 to ensure the concentricity of the explosion-proof cavity output shaft 85 and the motor output shaft 841. The valve stem of the valve 7 and the explosion-proof cavity output shaft 85, the deep groove ball bearing 814, and the motor output shaft 841 are coaxially arranged.

[0009] In particular, the casing pressure regulator 8 is also connected to the gas leakage monitoring module 11 via a second explosion-proof hose 10 .

[0010] In particular, the gas leakage monitoring module 11 is fixedly connected to the sucker rod 13 through a fixed connecting piece 12, and the fixed connecting piece 12 includes a shell mounting bracket 121 and a clamp 122. One end of the shell mounting bracket 121 is connected to the gas leakage monitoring module 11, and the other end of the shell mounting bracket 121 is fixed to the sucker rod 13 adjacent to the upper part of the sucker rod sealing box 131 through a plurality of clamps 122.

[0011] Particularly, the gas leakage monitoring module 11 is closely attached to the movable part of the sucker rod 13 .

[0012] In particular, the gas leakage monitoring module 11 includes a monitoring body 111, a gas collecting horn 112 connected to the monitoring body 111 is provided below the monitoring body 111, the monitoring body 111 includes a gas sensor element, and the size of the horn mouth of the gas collecting horn 112 is consistent with the size of the gas sensor element.

[0013] Particularly, the mouth of the gas collecting horn 112 is designed to face downward.

[0014] On the other hand, the present application also proposes a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system and method suitable for a single well. As described above, the casing pressure regulator 8 adjusts the opening of the valve 7 according to the pressure signal of the pressure transmitter 5 compared with the preset value, so that the diameter of the fluid passing through the valve 7 changes, and the change in flow rate and the signal value form a circular feedback, and finally the pressure of the casing pressure pipeline is adjusted to a preset range; at the same time, the gas leakage amount during the oil well production process is monitored through the gas leakage monitoring module 11; all collected data are transmitted to the internal main board of the casing pressure regulator 8, and transmitted to the user's host computer via wireless remote transmission.

[0015] On the basis of conforming to the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present application.

[0016] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the traditional manual line patrol monitoring method, this product has a high degree of automation and has the function of wireless remote transmission, which can timely grasp the on-site working conditions; 2. This product is small in size, has a built-in integrated circuit board, is easy to install and disassemble, and has a non-contact explosion-proof human-computer interaction function for on-site display. 3. This system has a gas leakage monitoring function, which can monitor the gas leakage caused by the wellhead pumping unit in real time to avoid safety accidents; 4. This system has the function of automatically adjusting the casing pressure pipeline pressure, which can prevent crude oil leakage accidents caused by high-pressure liquid from the wellhead Christmas tree; 5. This system can be directly connected in parallel with the original manual adjustment pipeline without affecting the original pipeline function, and the system has strong applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a manual adjustment path of casing pressure at an oil pumping wellhead in the prior art.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic adjustment path of casing pressure at a pumping wellhead according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a casing pressure regulator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a casing pressure regulator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gas leakage monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Among them, 1. Christmas tree; 2. First pipeline; 21. First three-way joint; 22. Second three-way joint; 3. Oil return pipe; 4. Second pipeline; 5. Pressure transmitter; 6. High-pressure oil pipe; 7. Valve; 8. Casing pressure regulator; 81. Explosion-proof box shell; 811. Explosion-proof bracket base; 812. Explosion-proof box display screen cover; 813. Shaft hole; 814. Deep groove ball bearing; 82. Explosion-proof chamber; 83. Main control display unit; 84. AC reduction motor; 84 1. Motor output shaft; 85. Explosion-proof chamber output shaft; 86. Interface board; 87. Hall bracket mounting plate; 88. Angle feedback plate; 881. Baffle shaft; 89. Hall angle plate; 9. First explosion-proof hose; 10. Second explosion-proof hose; 11. Gas leakage monitoring module; 111. Monitoring body; 112. Gas collecting horn; 12. Fixed connector; 121. Housing mounting bracket; 122. Hoop; 13. Sucker rod; 131. Sucker rod sealing box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be used to explain the inventive concept. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. used in the description are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are only for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation.

[0026] The terms "first", "second", etc. used in the description are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically specified.

[0027] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and the like used in the description should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, electrically connected; it can be directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when a first feature is “above”, “below” or “above” a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0029] The term "a specific embodiment" used in the description means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0030] refer to Figure 2A specific embodiment of the present application proposes a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, including a Christmas tree 1 connected to a return oil pipe 3 through a first pipeline 2 and connected to a pressure transmitter 5 through a second pipeline 4. Two three-way joints are arranged in the middle of the first pipeline 2, namely a first three-way joint 21 and a second three-way joint 22, and a high-pressure oil pipe 6 connected in parallel with the first pipeline 2 is connected through the two three-way joints. A valve 7 is arranged in the high-pressure oil pipe 6, and the valve 7 is connected to a casing pressure regulator 8. The casing pressure regulator 8 is connected to the pressure transmitter 5 through a first explosion-proof hose 9, and the casing pressure regulator 8 is also connected to a gas leakage monitoring module 11 through a second explosion-proof hose 10.

[0031] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A specific embodiment of the present application provides a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, wherein the casing pressure regulator 8 includes an explosion-proof chamber 82 surrounded by an explosion-proof housing 81, and the bottom of the explosion-proof housing 81 is closed by an explosion-proof bracket base 811. One side wall of the explosion-proof chamber 82 is a main control display unit 83, and the main control display unit 83 is covered by an explosion-proof housing display cover 812.

[0032] The explosion-proof chamber 82 is provided with an AC reduction motor 84 with right-angle transmission, two-end output shafts, low speed and high torque. The lower end of the motor output shaft 841 of the AC reduction motor 84 is connected to the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85. The explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85 passes through the shaft hole 813 provided in the explosion-proof bracket base 811. The shaft hole 813 is provided with a deep groove ball bearing 814 for ensuring the concentricity of the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85 and the motor output shaft 841. The other end of the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85 opposite to the connection end of the motor output shaft 841 is connected to the valve stem of the valve 7. The valve stem of the valve 7, the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85, the deep groove ball bearing 814 and the motor output shaft 841 are coaxially arranged.

[0033] The explosion-proof chamber 82 is also provided with an interface board 86, which is fixedly connected to one side of a right-angled Hall bracket mounting board 87, and the other side of the Hall bracket mounting board 87 is connected to the Hall angle board 89, and the motor output shaft 841 passes through one side of the Hall bracket mounting board 87. The upper end of the motor output shaft 841 is connected to the angle feedback disk 88, and the angle feedback disk 88 is provided with a baffle shaft 881. A small magnet is provided in the baffle shaft 881, and the angle feedback disk 88 turns to different positions as the motor output shaft 841 rotates, and signals are generated between the baffle shaft 881 and the Hall components distributed at different angles on the Hall angle board 89.

[0034] Preferably, the casing pressure regulator 8 is also provided with a wireless transmission interface that can transmit data remotely to a host computer. All parts inside the casing pressure regulator 8 are installed based on the explosion-proof bracket base position 811, which ensures the convenience of installation and maintenance to the greatest extent.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 A specific embodiment of the present application proposes a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, wherein the gas leakage monitoring module 11 is fixedly connected to the sucker rod 13 through a fixed connector 12. The fixed connector 12 includes a housing mounting bracket 121 and a clamp 122, one end of the housing mounting bracket 121 is connected to the gas leakage monitoring module 11, and the other end of the housing mounting bracket 121 is fixed to the sucker rod 13 adjacent to the upper part of the sucker rod sealing box 131 through a plurality of clamps 122. Preferably, in order to improve the sensitivity of leaking gas monitoring, the gas leakage monitoring module 11 is close to the active part of the sucker rod 13.

[0036] The gas leakage monitoring module 11 includes a monitoring body 111, and a gas collecting horn 112 is provided below the monitoring body 111. The bell mouth of the gas collecting horn 112 is designed to face downward, which can ensure efficient collection of leaked gas and effectively prevent rainwater from flowing into the monitoring body 111. The monitoring body 111 includes a gas sensor element, and the gas collecting horn 112 is connected to the monitoring body 111. The bell mouth of the gas collecting horn 112 is consistent with the size of the gas sensor element, so that the gas collection surface of the sensor element can fully contact the air, thereby improving the sensitivity of gas monitoring.

[0037] The working mode of this system is as follows: the casing pressure regulator 8 automatically adjusts the valve 7 opening according to the signal of the pressure transmitter 5 to control the casing pressure. At the same time, a gas leakage monitoring module 11 is set at the pumping rod 35 to monitor the gas leakage during the production process of the oil well. All data are transmitted to the internal main board of the casing pressure regulator 8 and transmitted to the user's host computer through wireless remote transmission. Specifically, the casing pressure regulator 8 controls the rotation of the AC reduction motor 84 according to the pressure signal of the pressure transmitter 5. On the one hand, the angle feedback disk 88 rotates to different positions as the AC reduction motor 84 rotates, and a signal is generated between its baffle shaft 881 and the Hall elements distributed at different angles on the Hall angle plate 4. At this time, the main control unit of the casing pressure regulator 8 compares whether the signal value of the differential pressure transmitter is close to the preset value. If it is within the preset range, the AC reduction motor 84 stops rotating. If it exceeds the preset range, the AC reduction motor 84 continues to rotate. On the other hand, the motor output shaft 841 drives the explosion-proof chamber output shaft 85 and the valve stem of the valve 7 to rotate in turn, and finally changes the diameter of the fluid passing through the valve 7. The change of flow rate and signal value form a circular feedback, and finally the pressure of the control sleeve pressure pipeline is adjusted to be within the preset range. Preferably, a manual valve can be set in the parallel section of the first pipeline 2 and the high-pressure oil pipe 6, which is normally in a closed state. When the automatic control valve passage fails, the manual valve can be opened manually for operation without affecting the ready-made production.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, the present application may also have various changes and improvements, which all fall within the scope of the present application to be protected.

Claims

1. A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well, comprising a Christmas tree (1), connected to an oil return pipe (3) via a first pipeline (2), characterized in that: The Christmas tree (1) is also connected to a pressure transmitter (5) via a second pipeline (4); a first three-way joint (21) and a second three-way joint (22) are provided in the middle of the first pipeline (2); a high-pressure oil pipe (6) connected in parallel with the first pipeline (2) is provided via the two three-way joints; a valve (7) is provided in the high-pressure oil pipe (6); the valve (7) is connected to a casing pressure regulator (8) capable of controlling its opening and closing; the casing pressure regulator (8) is connected to the pressure transmitter (5) via a first explosion-proof hose (9) and collects pressure signals; The casing pressure regulator (8) is provided with an AC reduction motor (84) having shafts at both ends, the lower end of the motor output shaft (841) of the AC reduction motor (84) is connected to the explosion-proof chamber output shaft (85), and the explosion-proof chamber output shaft (85) is connected to the valve stem of the valve (7); the upper end of the motor output shaft (841) is connected to the angle feedback disk (88), the angle feedback disk (88) is provided with a baffle shaft (881), a magnet is provided in the baffle shaft (881), the angle feedback disk (88) rotates to different positions as the motor output shaft (841) rotates, and signals are generated between the baffle shaft (881) and Hall elements distributed at different angles on the Hall angle plate (89) provided in the casing pressure regulator (8); The casing pressure regulator (8) comprises an explosion-proof chamber (82) surrounded by an explosion-proof housing (81); the bottom of the explosion-proof housing (81) is closed by an explosion-proof bracket base (811); a side wall of the explosion-proof chamber (82) is a main control display unit (83); and the main control display unit (83) is covered by an explosion-proof housing display screen cover (812); The explosion-proof cavity outlet shaft (85) passes through an axial hole (813) provided in the explosion-proof bracket base (811); a deep groove ball bearing (814) is provided in the axial hole (813) for ensuring the concentricity of the explosion-proof cavity outlet shaft (85) and the motor output shaft (841); the valve stem of the valve (7) and the explosion-proof cavity outlet shaft (85), the deep groove ball bearing (814), and the motor output shaft (841) are coaxially arranged.

2. A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casing pressure regulator (8) is also connected to the gas leakage monitoring module (11) via a second explosion-proof hose (10).

3. A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas leakage monitoring module (11) is fixedly connected to the sucker rod (13) via a fixed connection piece (12); the fixed connection piece (12) comprises a housing mounting bracket (121) and a clamp (122); one end of the housing mounting bracket (121) is connected to the gas leakage monitoring module (11); the other end of the housing mounting bracket (121) is fixed to the sucker rod (13) adjacent to the upper part of the sucker rod sealing box (131) via a plurality of clamps (122).

4. A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas leakage monitoring module (11) is closely attached to the movable part of the sucker rod (13).

5. The multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas leakage monitoring module (11) comprises a monitoring body (111), a gas collecting horn (112) in communication with the monitoring body (111) being provided below the monitoring body (111), a gas sensor element being included in the monitoring body (111), and a horn mouth size of the gas collecting horn (112) being consistent with a size of the gas sensor element.

6. A multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system suitable for a single well according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas collecting horn (112) is designed with its horn mouth facing downward.

7. A method for a multifunctional measurement and control parallel pipeline system applicable to a single well, characterized in that: The pipeline system as described in claim 2, the casing pressure regulator (8) adjusts the opening of the valve (7) according to the comparison between the pressure signal of the pressure transmitter (5) and the preset value, so that the diameter of the fluid passing through the valve (7) changes, and the change of flow rate and the signal value form a circular feedback, and finally the pressure of the casing pressure pipeline is adjusted to reach a preset range; at the same time, the gas leakage amount in the oil well production process is monitored through the gas leakage monitoring module (11); all the collected data are transmitted to the internal main board of the casing pressure regulator (8), and are transmitted to the user's host computer via wireless remote transmission.

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