Preparation method and application of water-based aluminum cleaning agent

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-based aluminum cleaning agent, which comprises, by weight, 1-30 parts of nonionic surfactant, 1-20 parts of anionic surfactant, 1-5 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 10-30 parts of inorganic acid, 10-20 parts of organic acid, 1-15 parts of penetrant, 5-20 parts of emulsifier, 1-10 parts of defoamer, 1-10 parts of complexing agent, and 20-40 parts of deionized water. The water-based aluminum cleaning agent does not corrode aluminum products, has a fast degreasing speed, has a good washing effect, has good physical stability, is non-toxic, harmless, pollution-free, harmless to the human body, has no odor after long-term use, does not deteriorate, has a long service life, and other excellent effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cleaning agents, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a water-based aluminum cleaning agent. Background Art

[0002] At present, aluminum alloy materials have been widely used in domestic high-speed train carriages. Industry experts pointed out that the body of high-speed trains with a speed of more than 300 kilometers per hour must be made of lightweight aluminum alloy materials, and the carriages of trains with a speed of more than 350 kilometers per hour, except for the chassis, are all made of aluminum profiles. Among the four types of EMUs currently used by China Railway Passenger Dedicated Line, CRHI, CRH2, CRH3, and CRH5, except for the CRHI type, which uses stainless steel, the bodies of the other three types of EMUs are all made of aluminum alloy.

[0003] Aluminum alloys are widely used in materials engineering due to their low density, high specific strength, good thermal conductivity, and easy forming and processing. During the use of aluminum alloys, different use environments such as alkaline, acidic, and neutral solutions can cause corrosion of aluminum alloys; and commonly used anti-corrosion treatment methods include surface spraying paint, powder spraying, anodizing, and micro-arc oxidation. Before implementing the above anti-corrosion treatment and coating the film layer, the surface of the aluminum parts must be cleaned. The quality of the cleaning directly affects the performance and quality of the subsequent film layer.

[0004] In the prior art, conventional cleaning agents contain a large amount of industrial triacids, such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. During use, the volatilization of the acid has a great impact on the health and safety of the operators; and it is very easy to cause excessive corrosion of the workpiece when cleaning the workpiece, thereby causing significant economic losses.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a new type of environmentally friendly aluminum cleaning agent. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-based aluminum cleaning agent and a preparation method thereof, which has the advantages of being non-corrosive to aluminum products, fast in degreasing speed, good in washing effect, good in physical stability, non-toxic, harmless, pollution-free, harmless to the human body, having no odor after long-term use, no deterioration, long service life and the like.

[0007] The invention provides a technical solution. Calculated by weight, the component raw materials include: 1-30 parts of nonionic surfactant, 1-20 parts of anionic surfactant, 1-5 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 10-30 parts of inorganic acid, 10-20 parts of organic acid, 1-15 parts of penetrant, 5-20 parts of emulsifier, 1-10 parts of defoamer, 1-10 parts of complexing agent and 20-40 parts of deionized water.

[0008] Preferably, calculated by weight, the component raw materials include: 10-20 parts of nonionic surfactant, 5-15 parts of anionic surfactant, 1-5 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 10-20 parts of inorganic acid, 10-15 parts of organic acid, 2-10 parts of penetrant, 5-10 parts of emulsifier, 1-5 parts of defoamer, 1-5 parts of complexing agent, and 20-35 parts of deionized water.

[0009] More preferably, calculated by weight, the component raw materials include: 13 parts of nonionic surfactant, 12 parts of anionic surfactant, 2 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 12 parts of inorganic acid, 15 parts of organic acid, 4 parts of penetrant, 6 parts of emulsifier, 2 parts of defoamer, 2 parts of complexing agent, and 30 parts of deionized water.

[0010] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-4, alkyl alcohol amide 6501, lauric acid diethanolamide, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, isomeric undecanol polyoxyethylene ether 5EO, isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether E-1308, anhydrous sorbitan stearate Span60, and anhydrous sorbitan monooleate Tween80.

[0011] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, and sorbitan stearate Span60.

[0012] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and the sorbitan stearate Span60 is 1:(0.1-1):(0.1-0.5).

[0013] Preferably, the weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and the sorbitan stearate Span60 is 1:(0.2-0.6):(0.1-0.3);

[0014] More preferably, the weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and the sorbitan stearate Span60 is 1:0.4:0.2.

[0015] In the present invention, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 was purchased from Hongyan Reagent Factory, Hedong District, Tianjin; the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 was purchased from Hai'an Petrochemical Plant, Jiangsu; the sorbitan stearate Span60 was purchased from Hongyan Reagent Factory, Hedong District, Tianjin;

[0016] Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 is a condensation product of alkylphenol and ethylene oxide, which appears to be a colorless to light yellow transparent viscous liquid with excellent emulsifying, wetting, diffusing, foaming and antistatic properties.

[0017] Sorbitan stearate Span60 has good emulsifying, solubilizing, lubricating, cleaning and dispersing properties and is also a good stabilizer and defoaming agent.

[0018] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate SAS60, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS, succinate sodium salt, and alkyl alcohol amide phosphate 6503.

[0019] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES.

[0020] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS to the sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES is 1:(1-3).

[0021] Preferably, the weight ratio of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS to the sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES is 1:1.3.

[0022] Sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES has excellent detergency, emulsification and foaming properties, hard water resistance and good biodegradability.

[0023] In the present invention, the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS and the sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES were purchased from Shanghai Minchen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0024] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from one or more of lauryl imidazoline betaine, lauryl amide propyl hydroxysulfonic acid betaine and cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0025] Preferably, the amphoteric surfactant is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine; the cocamidopropyl betaine is purchased from Guangzhou Kelong Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0026] The invention provides a technical solution, wherein the inorganic acid is selected from one or more of phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid; the organic acid is selected from one or more of lactic acid, succinic acid, phytic acid and glacial acetic acid; the penetrant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether and propylene glycol butyl ether; the emulsifier is selected from one or more of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether; the defoamer is selected from one or more of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alcohol amine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether and butyl ether; and the complexing agent is selected from one or more of trisodium citrate, potassium sodium tartrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0027] The present invention provides a technical solution, wherein the inorganic acid is selected from hydrofluoric acid;

[0028] The organic acid is selected from lactic acid and phytic acid; the weight ratio of the lactic acid to the phytic acid is 1:0.5;

[0029] The penetrant is selected from ethylene glycol butyl ether;

[0030] The emulsifier is selected from lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the weight ratio of the lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1:0.3;

[0031] The defoamer is selected from polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether;

[0032] The complexing agent is selected from trisodium citrate.

[0033] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a water-based aluminum cleaning agent, comprising the following steps:

[0034] 1) taking an inorganic acid by weight, diluting it with deionized water, adding an organic acid, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixture 1;

[0035] 2) mixing a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a penetrant, an emulsifier, and a defoamer in parts by weight to obtain a mixture 2;

[0036] 3) Add mixture 2 to mixture 1, stir evenly, add complexing agent, mix evenly, and obtain the product.

[0037] The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of anionic surfactants (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES), nonionic surfactants (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, sorbitan stearate Span60), and amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropyl betaine. The cleaning agent has good wetting, emulsifying and solubilizing properties, has wide adaptability to various dirt, and at the same time improves the cloud point of the nonionic monomer solution and improves the cleaning ability.

[0038] In addition, the preparation method of the environmentally friendly aluminum cleaning agent of the present invention comprises the following steps: firstly mixing an inorganic acid and an organic acid to obtain a mixture 1, mixing a surfactant, a penetrant, an emulsifier, and a defoaming agent to obtain a mixture 2, then adding the mixture 2 to the mixture 2, and finally adding a complexing agent and water. This method allows the components to be fully dissolved and mixed, and avoids concentration gradients and precipitation caused by mixing to the greatest extent. The method can well remove the oxide scale on the surface of aluminum parts, and has good degreasing and rust removal capabilities. On the basis of ensuring the cleaning effect, the excessive corrosion of the workpiece and the influence of the volatilization of the acid on the health and safety of the workers are effectively avoided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The content of the present invention can be more easily understood by selecting the following detailed description of the preferred implementation method of the present invention and the embodiments included. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0040] As used herein, the term "prepared from" is synonymous with "comprising." As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the listed elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] the term

[0042] As used herein, the term "surfactant" refers to an agent or compound that reduces the surface tension between the interface of two different phases, for example, between two liquids (hydrophilic liquid and hydrophobic liquid), between a gas and a liquid, or between a liquid and a solid.

[0043] Nonionic surfactants

[0044] The structural feature is that it contains hydrophilic groups such as ether groups and free hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with water. Nonionic surfactants are classified into two types according to the hydrophilic groups: polyethylene glycol type and polyol type.

[0045] Anionic surfactants

[0046] The part of the surfactant that has negative charge after ionization in water and plays a role in surface activity is called anionic surfactant. From the structural point of view, anionic surfactants are divided into four categories: fatty acid salts, sulfonates, sulfates and phosphates.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Calculated by weight, the raw materials include: 13 parts of nonionic surfactant, 12 parts of anionic surfactant, 2 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 12 parts of inorganic acid, 15 parts of organic acid, 4 parts of penetrant, 6 parts of emulsifier, 2 parts of defoamer, 2 parts of complexing agent, and 30 parts of deionized water;

[0049] Wherein, the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, and sorbitan stearate Span60; the weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and the sorbitan stearate Span60 is 1:0.4:0.2;

[0050] The anionic surfactant is selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES;

[0051] The weight ratio of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS to the sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES is 1:1.3;

[0052] The amphoteric surfactant is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine;

[0053] The inorganic acid is selected from hydrofluoric acid;

[0054] The organic acid is selected from lactic acid and phytic acid; the weight ratio of the lactic acid to the phytic acid is 1:0.5;

[0055] The penetrant is selected from ethylene glycol butyl ether;

[0056] The emulsifier is selected from lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the weight ratio of the lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1:0.3;

[0057] The defoamer is selected from polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether;

[0058] The complexing agent is selected from trisodium citrate.

[0059] The preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent comprises the following steps:

[0060] 1) taking an inorganic acid by weight, diluting it with deionized water, adding an organic acid, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixture 1;

[0061] 2) mixing a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a penetrant, an emulsifier, and a defoamer in parts by weight to obtain a mixture 2;

[0062] 3) Add mixture 2 to mixture 1, stir evenly, add complexing agent, mix evenly, and obtain the product.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0065] The difference is that the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, and the weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 is 1:0.4.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0068] The difference is that the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0071] The difference is that the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0074] The difference is that the anionic surfactant is selected from fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate sodium AES.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0077] The difference is that there is no cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] Calculated by weight, the raw materials of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent components and the preparation method of the water-based aluminum cleaning agent are the same as those in Example 1;

[0080] The difference is that the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, the anionic surfactant is selected from fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate AES, and there is no cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0081] According to the standard and experimental method of "Universal Water-Based Metal Cleaner QB / T 2117-95", Examples 1-7 were prepared into 5% concentration solutions and tested for cleaning power, corrosion resistance, rust resistance and rinsing performance using hard aluminum.

[0082] The physical and chemical performance test results of the product of the present invention are shown in Table 1, which fully meet the requirements of the light industry standard QB / T 2117-1995 "Universal Water-based Metal Cleansing Agent" and GB / T 13171.2-2009 "Washing Powder (Phosphorus-free)".

[0083] Table 1 Performance test results

[0084]

[0085] It can be seen from the above experimental data that the water-based aluminum cleaning agent provided by the present invention does not corrode aluminum products, has a fast degreasing speed, has a good washing effect, has good physical stability, is non-toxic, harmless, pollution-free, and harmless to the human body, has no odor after long-term use, does not deteriorate, has a long service life, and other excellent effects.

Claims

1. A water-based aluminum cleaning agent, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, the raw materials include: 1-30 parts of nonionic surfactant, 1-20 parts of anionic surfactant, 1-5 parts of amphoteric surfactant, 10-30 parts of inorganic acid, 10-20 parts of organic acid, 1-15 parts of penetrant, 5-20 parts of emulsifier, 1-10 parts of defoamer, 1-10 parts of complexing agent, and 20-40 parts of deionized water; The nonionic surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and sorbitan stearate Span60; The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AE; The weight ratio of the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and the sorbitan stearate Span60 is 1:(0.1-1):(0.1-0.5); The weight ratio of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate LAS to the sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate AES is 1:(1-3); The amphoteric surfactant is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine.

2. The water-based aluminum cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic acid is selected from one or more of phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid; the organic acid is selected from one or more of lactic acid, succinic acid, phytic acid, and glacial acetic acid; the penetrant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and propylene glycol butyl ether; the emulsifier is selected from one or more of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether; the defoamer is selected from one or more of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaerythritol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylamine ether, polyoxypropylene glycerol ether, and butyl ether; the complexing agent is selected from one or more of trisodium citrate, potassium sodium tartrate, and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

3. The method for preparing a water-based aluminum cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) taking an inorganic acid by weight, diluting it with deionized water, adding an organic acid, and stirring evenly to obtain a mixture 1; 2) mixing a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a penetrant, an emulsifier, and a defoamer in parts by weight to obtain a mixture 2; 3) Add mixture 2 to mixture 1, stir evenly, add complexing agent, mix evenly, and obtain the product.

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