Descaling alloy, chip and preparation method thereof, and descaling device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a descaling alloy, a chip and a preparation method thereof, and a descaling device. The descaling alloy comprises the following components: the mass percentage of zinc is 40%-50%, the sum of the mass percentages of copper and nickel is 40%-50%, and the mass percentage of a single substance and / or compound for enhancing electronic transition is 5%-15%. The present invention promotes electronic transition of chip functional materials by water flow impacting the chip, and utilizes infrared rays generated by the energy level reduction of electronic transition to break hydrogen bonds in water molecules, which can effectively inhibit the growth of scaling crystallites and achieve the effect of scale inhibition; when the descaling alloy is excited by the primary battery, the content of free electrons and zinc ions in the solution increases, so that the existing calcium scale is decomposed and flows away with the water, achieving the effect of descaling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment equipment, and in particular to a descaling alloy, a chip and a preparation method thereof, and a descaling device. Background Art

[0002] Once the heat exchange equipment is scaled, the thermal resistance of the scale is 70-1000 times greater than that of the metal. To achieve the same thermal efficiency, more energy is required. If the heat transfer surface of the heat exchange equipment is overheated, it is easy to cause bulging, cracks, pipe bursts and other safety accidents, increase the fuel cost of the equipment, and the maintenance and cleaning costs of replacing damaged parts. In my country alone, there are about 10,000 heat exchangers that have been scrapped due to scaling, and the loss of steel is more than 50,000 tons. The direct economic loss of machines scrapped due to scaling is more than 1 billion yuan each year.

[0003] In view of the high cost and low purity of alloy materials, alloy compounds and complexes are produced, resulting in excessive heavy metal ions in the water. The filter media with better effects are prone to compaction, which also affects the flow rate of water. Scale inhibition and descaling technology mainly remains at the research level, there are few mature scale inhibition equipment, the application of functional materials is not perfect, and the water flow rate is significantly reduced. Therefore, the efficiency of scale inhibition and descaling is low and there are many problems. Therefore, a high-performance scale inhibitor and descaling device has great strategic significance and challenges. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to provide a descaling alloy, a chip and a preparation method thereof, and a descaling device. The present invention promotes electronic transition of the chip functional material by impacting the chip with water flow, and utilizes the infrared rays generated by the energy level reduction caused by the electronic transition to break the hydrogen bonds in the water molecules, which can effectively inhibit the growth of scaling crystallites and achieve the effect of scale inhibition; when the descaling alloy is excited by the primary battery, the content of free electrons and zinc ions in the solution increases, so that the existing calcium scale is broken down and flows away with the water, thereby achieving the effect of descaling.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a descaling alloy, comprising the following components: 40%-50% by mass of zinc, 40%-50% by mass of copper and nickel, and 5%-15% by mass of a single substance and / or compound for enhancing electronic transition. By enhancing the electronic transition in water and using the infrared rays generated by the electronic transition to break the hydrogen bonds in the water molecules, the growth of scaling crystallites can be effectively inhibited, thereby achieving the effect of scale inhibition; when the descaling alloy is excited by the primary battery, the content of free electrons and zinc ions in the solution increases, so that the existing calcium scale is decomposed and flows away with the water, thereby achieving the effect of descaling.

[0006] Preferably, the mass percentage of nickel does not exceed 10%.

[0007] Preferably, the element that enhances electron transition includes silicon and / or bismuth.

[0008] Preferably, the compound that enhances electron transition includes indium arsenide and / or indium phosphide.

[0009] As a preference, the following components are included in percentage by mass: 45% zinc, 45% copper, 4% nickel, 1.5% silicon, 1.5% bismuth, and 3% indium phosphide. The industrial descaling alloy is added with indium arsenide, while the civil descaling alloy is not added with indium arsenide. The single substance and / or compound that enhances electronic transition can realize electronic transition under temperature and pressure changes and release infrared rays.

[0010] A chip is made of the descaling alloy.

[0011] Preferably, the structure of the chip is a grid-like surface, a first through hole is provided on the bottom edge of the grid, and the first through hole is an oblique circular hole.

[0012] Preferably, the chip and water contact surface is an isosceles triangle face. The chip structure is an isosceles triangle face, and for water with different flow rates, it has a strong self-flushing effect on calcium transfer scale, does not cause blockage, has a long service life, and has a good scale prevention and descaling effect.

[0013] Preferably, the height between the vertex of the isosceles triangle face and the bottom surface of the grid is 2-10 mm, and the diameter of the first through hole on the bottom edge of the grid is 3-10 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the height between the vertex of the isosceles triangle face and the bottom surface of the grid is 2.5 mm, and the diameter of the first through hole on the bottom edge of the grid is 4 mm. Through the above technical solution, the reaction probability of the primary battery is increased, the flow rate of water will not be reduced, and the calcium scale deposited on the chip has a certain flushing effect.

[0015] A method for preparing a chip comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Calculate the required material weight according to the type and mass of elements in the descaling alloy, ultrasonically clean and dry the material, and prepare the covering agent;

[0017] Step 2: Baking furnace: Heat the furnace and keep the temperature at 800℃ for 5 hours;

[0018] Step 3: Melting: The materials in step 1, including high-purity zinc particles, copper and nickel, are placed in a furnace in descending order of melting point under argon protection, and stirred for 30 minutes, and then the single substance and / or compound that enhances electronic transition is added. After complete dissolution, stir for 60 minutes, take samples for testing, and repeat stirring after replenishing the insufficient components;

[0019] Step 4: Add deoxidizer phosphorus, stir thoroughly, remove slag, cast, and hot forge into shape.

[0020] Preferably, the content of phosphorus as a deoxidizing agent is less than 1% by weight of the total alloy.

[0021] Preferably, the covering agent is 63% borax and 37% cryolite, and the amount used does not exceed 0.8% by weight of the alloy.

[0022] A descaling device comprises a tube body, two sides of which are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the tube body is provided with the chip.

[0023] Preferably, permanent magnet rings are provided on both sides of the tube body, and the permanent magnet rings include a first permanent magnet ring provided on the outside of the water inlet and a second permanent magnet ring provided on the outside of the water outlet. The first permanent magnet ring is provided with a water inlet hole, which is connected to the water inlet, and the second permanent magnet ring is provided with a water outlet hole, which is connected to the water outlet. The descaling device is provided with a permanent magnet ring, which utilizes the infrared rays generated by the electron transition and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring to break the hydrogen bonds in the water molecules, which can effectively inhibit the growth of scaling crystallites and achieve the effect of scale inhibition; the descaling zinc alloy is excited by the primary battery, and the free electron and zinc ion content in the solution increases, so that the existing calcium scale is decomposed and flows away with the water, achieving the effect of descaling.

[0024] Preferably, a pipe cover is provided on the outside of the pipe body, and the pipe cover includes an inlet pipe cover and an outlet pipe cover, a first permanent magnet ring is provided inside the inlet pipe cover, a second through hole is provided on the inlet pipe cover, and the second through hole is connected to the inlet hole and the inlet; a second permanent magnet ring is provided inside the outlet pipe cover, and a third through hole is provided on the outlet pipe cover, and the third through hole is connected to the outlet hole and the outlet. By setting the pipe cover, the permanent magnet ring can be prevented from sliding or falling off, and the permanent magnet ring can be fixed on both sides of the pipe body.

[0025] Preferably, the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring is greater than 0.2 T. Too small a magnetic flux may lead to insufficient breaking of hydrogen bonds in water molecules and poor scale inhibition effect.

[0026] Preferably, the outer side of the tube body is provided with a first external thread and a second external thread, the second through hole of the water inlet pipe cover is provided with a first internal thread, the third through hole of the water outlet pipe cover is provided with a second internal thread, the first external thread is connected to the first internal thread, and the second external thread is connected to the second internal thread. Through the threaded connection, the two ends of the tube body are firmly connected to the water inlet pipe cover and the water outlet pipe cover respectively, so that the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring are fixed on both sides of the tube body.

[0027] Preferably, a sleeve is provided outside the tube body. By providing the sleeve, the service life of the descaling device can be extended and the risk of the descaling device being unusable due to damage to the tube body can be reduced.

[0028] Copper-zinc alloy has the following functions in water treatment:

[0029] 1. Achieve residual chlorine removal capability. Copper-zinc alloy can reduce residual chlorine and dissolved oxygen in water through oxidation-reduction electrochemical reaction, thereby reducing corrosion of metal pipe walls:

[0030] Zn+2H + +ClO - =Zn 2+ +Cl - +H2O

[0031] 2. Ability to remove heavy metal ions. Metals less active than zinc are precipitated due to redox reactions, such as lead, which is harmful to the human body.

[0032] Zn+Pb(NO3)2=Pb+Zn(NO3)2

[0033] 3. Achieve the ability of scale prevention and removal. Through electrochemical reaction, the aqueous solution becomes slightly alkaline, the chemical equilibrium moves to the right, and the active growth point of the crystal nucleus is surrounded by active water molecules, so it does not grow normally according to the crystal growth kinetics theory, and a large number of microcrystals are formed in the solution. At the same time, the surface tension is reduced, the activity of water is enhanced, and the concentration of calcium carbonate microcrystals in water is increased, because it is not easy to grow up to form dense crystals.

[0034] Changes in water quality parameters change the crystal structure of the scale formed. The dense calcite scale is transformed into needle-shaped and spherical aragonite scale. The bonding force between the aragonite scale and the heat exchange wall is relatively weak and can be easily washed away by the water flow.

[0035]

[0036] 4. Ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The copper-zinc alloy primary battery reacts to form tiny closed circuits, and the redox potential changes greatly, which not only destroys the cell wall of microorganisms, but also inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and reduces the bonding strength between scale and heat exchange wall.

[0037] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. By enhancing the electron transition in water and using the infrared rays generated by the electron transition to break the hydrogen bonds in the water molecules, the growth of scaling crystals can be effectively inhibited to achieve the effect of scale inhibition; under the excitation of the galvanic cell, the content of free electrons and zinc ions in the solution of the descaling alloy increases, so that the existing calcium scale is broken down and flows away with the water, achieving the effect of descaling;

[0039] 2. The chip structure made of zinc alloy material has a strong self-flushing effect on calcium transfer scale for water with different flow rates, no clogging, long service life, and good scale prevention and descaling effect;

[0040] 3. The descaling device is equipped with a permanent magnet ring, which can more effectively break the hydrogen bonds in water molecules by using the infrared rays generated by electron transition and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet ring;

[0041] 4. The contact surface between the chip and water adopts an isosceles triangle face design, which increases the contact area, greatly improves the reaction rate of the primary battery, does not reduce the flow rate of water, and has a certain flushing effect on the calcium scale deposited on the chip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the chip structure.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chip side.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the descaling device.

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the descaling device without the sleeve and part of the pipe body.

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure with the tube cover removed.

[0048] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first permanent magnet ring and the water inlet pipe cover or the second permanent magnet ring and the water outlet pipe cover.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a scanning electron microscope image of scale after being treated by a descaling device.

[0050] In the figure: 1. tube body, 11. water inlet, 12. water outlet, 13. first external thread, 14. second external thread, 2. chip, 21. first through hole, 3. sleeve, 4. first permanent magnet ring, 41. water inlet hole, 5. second permanent magnet ring, 51. water outlet hole, 6. water inlet pipe cover, 61. second through hole, 62. first internal thread, 7. water outlet pipe cover, 71. third through hole, 72. second internal thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the descaling alloy of the present invention includes the following components in terms of mass percentage: zinc: 50%, copper: 35%, nickel: 5%, and silicon: 10%.

[0054] A chip is made of the descaling alloy.

[0055] The structure of the chip 2 is a grid-like surface, and a first through hole 21 is provided on the bottom edge of the grid.

[0056] A method for preparing a descaling alloy comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Calculate the required material weight according to the type and mass of elements in the descaling alloy, ultrasonically clean and dry the material, and prepare the covering agent;

[0058] Step 2: Baking furnace: Heat the furnace and keep the temperature at 800℃ for 5 hours;

[0059] Step 3: Smelting: Put the high-purity zinc particles, copper and nickel in step 1 into a furnace in descending order of melting point under argon protection, and stir for 30 minutes, then add the single substance and / or compound that enhances electronic transition, and stir for 60 minutes after complete dissolution;

[0060] Step 4: Add deoxidizer phosphorus, stir thoroughly and remove slag.

[0061] A method for preparing a chip comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Calculate the required material weight according to the type and mass of elements in the descaling alloy, ultrasonically clean and dry the material, and prepare the covering agent;

[0063] Step 2: Baking furnace: Heat the furnace and keep the temperature at 800℃ for 5 hours;

[0064] Step 3: Smelting: Put the high-purity zinc particles, copper and nickel in step 1 into a furnace in descending order of melting point under argon protection, and stir for 30 minutes, then add the single substance and / or compound that enhances electronic transition, and stir for 60 minutes after complete dissolution;

[0065] Step 4: Add deoxidizer phosphorus, stir thoroughly, remove slag, cast, and hot forge into shape.

[0066] The content of phosphorus as a deoxidizer is less than 1% by weight of the total alloy.

[0067] The covering agent is 63% borax and 37% cryolite, and the amount used does not exceed 0.8% of the alloy weight.

[0068] A descaling device comprises a tube body 1. A water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12 are arranged on both sides of the tube body 1. The chip 2 is arranged inside the tube body 1.

[0069] Permanent magnet rings are provided on both sides of the tube body 1, and the permanent magnet rings include a first permanent magnet ring 4 provided on the outside of the water inlet 11 and a second permanent magnet ring 5 provided on the outside of the water outlet 12. The first permanent magnet ring 4 is provided with a water inlet hole 41, which is connected to the water inlet 11; the second permanent magnet ring 5 is provided with a water outlet hole 51, which is connected to the water outlet 12.

[0070] A pipe cover is provided on the outside of the pipe body 1, and the pipe cover includes an inlet pipe cover 6 and an outlet pipe cover 7. A first permanent magnet ring is provided inside the inlet pipe cover 6, and a second through hole 61 is provided on the inlet pipe cover 6. The second through hole 61 is connected to the water inlet hole 41 and the water inlet port 11; a second permanent magnet ring is provided inside the outlet pipe cover 7, and a third through hole 71 is provided on the outlet pipe cover 7, and the third through hole 71 is connected to the water outlet hole 51 and the water outlet port 12.

[0071] The outer side of the pipe body 1 is provided with a first external thread 13 and a second external thread 14, the second through hole 61 of the water inlet pipe cover 6 is provided with a first internal thread 62, the third through hole 71 of the water outlet pipe cover 7 is provided with a second internal thread 72, the first external thread 13 is connected to the first internal thread 62, and the second external thread 14 is connected to the second internal thread 72. A sleeve 3 is provided on the outer side of the pipe body 1.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: A descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: zinc: 40%, copper: 40%, nickel: 10%, bismuth: 10%.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: zinc: 45%, copper: 35%, nickel: 5%, indium phosphide: 15%.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: zinc: 50%, copper: 40%, nickel: 5%, indium arsenide: 5%.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: zinc: 45%, copper: 40%, nickel: 5%, silicon 5%, and bismuth 5%.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: 45% zinc, 45% copper, 4% nickel, 1.5% silicon, 1.5% bismuth, and 3% indium phosphide.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy includes the following components in mass percentage: 40% zinc, 40% copper, 10% nickel, 5% silicon, and 5% indium phosphide.

[0084] Example 8

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 mainly lies in the different mass percentages of the components of the descaling alloy, which are as follows: a descaling alloy, comprising the following components in mass percentage: 45% zinc, 45% copper, 4% nickel, 1.5% silicon, 1.5% bismuth, 1.5% indium phosphide, and 1.5% indium arsenide.

[0086] Each embodiment in the specification focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A descaling alloy, characterized in that: The components include the following in percentage by mass: 45% zinc, 45% copper, 4% nickel, 1.5% silicon, 1.5% bismuth, and 3% indium phosphide.

2. A chip, characterized in that: Made of the descaling alloy described in claim 1.

3. The chip according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structure of the chip (2) is a grid-shaped surface, and a first through hole (21) is provided on the bottom edge of the grid.

4. A method for preparing a chip as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Calculate the required material weight according to the type and mass of elements in the descaling alloy, ultrasonically clean and dry the material, and prepare the covering agent; Step 2: Baking furnace: Heat the furnace and keep the temperature at 800℃ for 5 hours; Step 3: Melting: Put the materials in step 1, including high-purity zinc particles, copper and nickel, into a furnace in descending order of melting point under argon protection, and melt them. After stirring for 30 minutes, add the single substance and / or compound that enhances electronic transition, and stir for 60 minutes after complete dissolution; Step 4: Add deoxidizer phosphorus, stir thoroughly, remove slag, cast, and hot forge into shape.

5. The chip according to claim 4, characterized in that: The content of deoxidizing agent phosphorus is less than 1% of the total weight of the alloy.

6. A descaling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tube body (1), wherein a water inlet (11) and a water outlet (12) are arranged on both sides of the tube body (1), and a chip (2) according to any one of claims 2 or 3 is arranged inside the tube body (1).

7. The descaling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Permanent magnet rings are provided on both sides of the tube body (1), and the permanent magnet rings include a first permanent magnet ring (4) provided on the outside of the water inlet (11) and a second permanent magnet ring (5) provided on the outside of the water outlet (12); the first permanent magnet ring (4) is provided with a water inlet hole (41), the water inlet hole (41) is connected to the water inlet (11); the second permanent magnet ring (5) is provided with a water outlet hole (51), the water outlet hole (51) is connected to the water outlet (12).

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