A wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device and method

By designing a suction pump performance testing device for wind power negative pressure barrel foundation, the problem of difficulty in effectively testing suction pump performance in the prior art is solved, a more controllable and flexible testing process is achieved, and the reliability of the test is improved. and reliability of the equipment.

CN115929661BActive Publication Date: 2025-02-07CCCC THIRD HARBOR ENGINEERING CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202211274232.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2022-10-18
Publication Date
2025-02-07
Estimated Expiration
2042-10-18

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the construction of offshore wind turbine foundations, it is difficult to effectively test the pumping and negative pressure performance of the suction pump, resulting in poor results in actual sinking. At the same time, the test device has complex structure and cumbersome operation, and the shrinkage model is unreliable, and the experimental conditions are relatively high.

Method used

A basic suction pump performance test device for wind power negative pressure barrel is designed, including the barrel body, water inlet assembly and water outlet assembly. The butterfly valve opening is adjusted by rotating the handwheel to simulate the deep water environment, and the head value, pumping capacity and pumping negative of the pump body are tested. Pressure ability.

Benefits of technology

Controllable testing of the performance of the suction pump is realized, testing conditions and operating procedures are simplified, testing reliability and flexibility are improved, and the reliability of the suction pump set equipment can be better verified.

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Patent Text Reader

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device, comprising a bucket body, wherein the lower end of the bucket body is connected to the bucket bottom, the upper end of the bucket body is connected to the bucket top, the upper end surface of the bucket top is connected to a third water pressure sensor, and a support pipe is connected between the upper end surface of the bucket bottom and the lower end surface of the bucket top inside the bucket body; the lower end of the side wall of the bucket body is connected to a water inlet assembly, and the upper end surface of the bucket top is connected to a water outlet assembly; the water outlet assembly is connected to a metering assembly. The present invention better verifies the feasibility of the wind turbine negative pressure bucket foundation selection equipment and verifies the reliability of the suction pump group equipment during on-site construction.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of offshore wind turbine foundations, the suction pump group is an important equipment in the negative pressure bucket foundation sinking and recovery construction system. Among them, the negative pressure extraction capacity of the suction pump is one of the criteria for measuring whether the entire bucket foundation can sink normally. At present, in the experimental model research of the suction bucket foundation, most of the suction tests are carried out through scaled models to simulate the given water pump pressure value, and the test of the actual pump's negative pressure extraction performance is often ignored, making it difficult to ensure reliable results in actual sinking. Furthermore, the test device has a complex structure, cumbersome operation, unreliable scaled models, or requires a deeper mud surface to simulate the seabed environment, which has high requirements for experimental conditions. Therefore, in response to the above problems, a wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device and method are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance testing device and method, so as to better verify the feasibility of the fan negative pressure bucket foundation selection equipment and verify the reliability of the suction pump group equipment during on-site construction.

[0004] The technical solution to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a wind power negative pressure barrel foundation suction pump performance testing device, including a barrel body, the lower end of the barrel body is connected to the barrel bottom, the upper end of the barrel body is connected to the barrel top, the upper end surface of the barrel top is connected to the third water pressure sensor, and a support pipe is connected between the upper end surface of the barrel bottom and the lower end surface of the barrel top inside the barrel body; the lower end of the side wall of the barrel body is connected to the water inlet assembly, and the upper end surface of the barrel top is connected to the water outlet assembly; the water outlet assembly is connected with a metering assembly.

[0005] Preferably, the water inlet assembly includes a water inlet pipeline, which is connected to the lower end of the side wall of the barrel body, the water inlet pipeline is communicated with the barrel body, a second butterfly valve is provided at the outer port of the water inlet pipeline, the second butterfly valve is connected to a third connecting rod, the upper end of the third connecting rod is connected to a first hand wheel, and the lower end of the third connecting rod is connected to two first connecting rods, and the other ends of the two first connecting rods are connected to the side wall of the barrel body.

[0006] Preferably, the water outlet assembly includes a docking pipe, the docking pipe is connected to the upper end surface of the barrel top, the docking pipe is connected to a first water pressure sensor, the upper end of the docking pipe is connected to a pump body, the pump body is connected to the water outlet pipe through a first connecting flange, the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a second connecting flange, and the other end of the second connecting flange is connected to the metering assembly; the water outlet pipe is connected to a second water pressure sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the metering component includes a flowmeter, one end of the flowmeter is connected to the second connecting flange b, and the other end is connected to the first butterfly valve; the other end of the first butterfly valve is connected to a hose pipe, and the hose pipe is connected to a hose; the first butterfly valve is connected to a second connecting rod, and the upper end of the second connecting rod is connected to a second hand wheel.

[0008] Preferably, the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of lifting ears are connected at equal distances around the edge of the upper end surface of the barrel top.

[0010] A method for using a wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device comprises the following steps:

[0011] Test head value:

[0012] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel to open the second butterfly valve, and turn the second hand wheel to open the first butterfly valve;

[0013] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool;

[0014] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor, the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor;

[0015] Step 4: Start the pump, record whether water is discharged from the hose outlet, and record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter; the vertical distance from the hose outlet to the pump outlet is the pump head value;

[0016] Test normal pumping capacity:

[0017] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel to open the second butterfly valve, and turn the second hand wheel to open the first butterfly valve;

[0018] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool;

[0019] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor, the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor;

[0020] Step 4: Start the pump, and after the pumping is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0021] Test the water pump outlet pressure limit:

[0022] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel to open the second butterfly valve, and turn the second hand wheel to open the first butterfly valve;

[0023] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool;

[0024] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor, the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor;

[0025] Step 4: Start the pump;

[0026] Step 5: Close the first butterfly valve at the 1 / 4 water outlet;

[0027] Step 6: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0028] Step 7: Close the first butterfly valve at the 2 / 4 water outlet;

[0029] Step 8: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0030] Step 9: Close the first butterfly valve at the 3 / 4 water outlet;

[0031] Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0032] Step 11: Almost completely close the first butterfly valve at the water outlet;

[0033] Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor;

[0034] Test the negative pressure pumping capacity of the water pump:

[0035] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel to open the second butterfly valve, and turn the second hand wheel to open the first butterfly valve;

[0036] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the pool;

[0037] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor, the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor;

[0038] Step 4: Start the pump;

[0039] Step 5: Close the second butterfly valve at the 1 / 4 water inlet;

[0040] Step 6: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0041] Step 7: Close the second butterfly valve at the 2 / 4 water inlet;

[0042] Step 8: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0043] Step 9: Close the second butterfly valve at the 3 / 4 water inlet;

[0044] Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor, the second water pressure sensor and the flow meter;

[0045] Step 11: Almost completely close the second butterfly valve at the water inlet;

[0046] Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the barrel body connection and assembly process is simple, the measurement method is controllable, the test conditions are simple, and the negative pressure extraction capacity of the pump body in a deep water environment is simulated by rotating the first hand wheel and the second hand wheel to adjust the opening of the first butterfly valve and the second butterfly valve. The suction pump test device, the barrel body and the pump body interface can be flexibly disassembled, and different pump body tests can be performed; the first water pressure sensor and the second water pressure sensor are respectively installed on the docking pipe and the water outlet pipe to test the pressure value of the pipeline working process; the pipeline series flowmeter can better realize the monitoring of the real-time flow of the pump body; the end water outlet is connected by a hose of a certain length, which can well test the head value of the pump body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a top view of the barrel of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a detailed diagram of the flow meter connection of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1, barrel body; 2, barrel bottom; 3, barrel top; 4, support pipe; 5, water inlet pipe; 6, butt pipe; 7, water outlet pipe; 7a, first connecting flange; 7b, second connecting flange; 8, hose pipe; 9, first connecting rod; 10, lifting ear; 13, second connecting rod; 14, hose; 15, flow meter; 16, pump body; 17, first hand wheel; 181, first water pressure sensor; 182, second water pressure sensor; 11, third water pressure sensor; 19, first butterfly valve; 20, second butterfly valve; 21, second hand wheel; 22, third connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a wind power negative pressure bucket basic suction pump performance test device includes a bucket body 1, the lower end of the bucket body 1 is connected to the bucket bottom 2, the upper end of the bucket body 1 is connected to the bucket top 3, the upper end surface of the bucket top 3 is connected to the third water pressure sensor 11, and the upper end surface of the bucket bottom 2 inside the bucket body 1 and the lower end surface of the bucket top 3 are connected to the support pipe 4; the lower end of the side wall of the bucket body 1 is connected to the water inlet assembly, and the upper end surface of the bucket top 3 is connected to the water outlet assembly; the water outlet assembly is connected to the metering assembly. A plurality of lifting ears 10 are connected at equal distances on the edge of the upper end surface of the bucket top 3.

[0055] Specifically, the water inlet assembly includes a water inlet pipeline 5, which is connected to the lower end of the side wall of the barrel body 1, and the water inlet pipeline 5 is communicated with the barrel body 1. A second butterfly valve 20 is provided at the outer end of the water inlet pipeline 5, and a third connecting rod 22 is connected to the second butterfly valve 20. The upper end of the third connecting rod 22 is connected to the first hand wheel 17, and two first connecting rods 9 are connected to the lower end of the third connecting rod 22. The other ends of the two first connecting rods 9 are connected to the side wall of the barrel body 1. The first connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod 22.

[0056] Specifically, the water outlet component includes a docking pipe 6, which is connected to the upper end surface of the barrel top 3, and is connected to a first water pressure sensor 181. The upper end of the docking pipe 6 is connected to the pump body 16, and the pump body 16 is connected to the water outlet pipe 7 through a first connecting flange 7a. The other end of the water outlet pipe 7 is connected to a second connecting flange 7b, and the other end of the second connecting flange 7b is connected to a metering component; a second water pressure sensor 182 is connected to the water outlet pipe 7.

[0057] Specifically, the metering component includes a flow meter 15, one end of the flow meter 15 is connected to the second connecting flange 7b, and the other end is connected to the first butterfly valve 19; the other end of the first butterfly valve 19 is connected to the hose pipe 8, and the hose pipe 8 is connected to the hose 14; the first butterfly valve 19 is connected to the second connecting rod 13, and the upper end of the second connecting rod 13 is connected to the second hand wheel 21.

[0058] Specifically, the barrel body 1 has a simple assembly process, a controllable measurement method, and simple test conditions. The first butterfly valve 19 and the second butterfly valve 20 are adjusted by rotating the first hand wheel 17 and the second hand wheel 21 to simulate the negative pressure pumping capacity of the pump body 16 in a deep water environment. The suction pump test device has a flexible disassembly interface between the barrel body 1 and the pump body 16, and can be used to test different pump bodies; the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182 are respectively installed on the docking pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 7 to test the pressure value of the pipe working process; the flow meter 15 connected in series with the pipe can better realize the real-time flow monitoring of the pump body 16; the end water outlet is connected by a hose 14 of a certain length, which can well test the head value of the pump body 16.

[0059] The method of using the wind power negative pressure bucket basic suction pump performance test device includes: testing the head value, testing the normal pumping capacity, testing the water pump outlet pressure limit value, and testing the water pump negative pressure pumping capacity. Specifically,

[0060] Testing the lift value includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel 17 to open the second butterfly valve 20, and turn the second hand wheel 21 to open the first butterfly valve 19;

[0062] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the pool;

[0063] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor 11, the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182;

[0064] Step 4: Start the pump body 16, record whether water is discharged from the outlet of the hose 14, and record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15; the vertical distance from the outlet of the hose 14 to the outlet of the pump body 16 is the head value of the water pump;

[0065] Testing for proper pumping capacity includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel 17 to open the second butterfly valve 20, and turn the second hand wheel 21 to open the first butterfly valve 19;

[0067] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the pool;

[0068] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor 11, the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182;

[0069] Step 4: Start the pump 16, and after the pumping is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0070] Testing the water pump outlet pressure limit includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel 17 to open the second butterfly valve 20, and turn the second hand wheel 21 to open the first butterfly valve 19;

[0072] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool;

[0073] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor 11, the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182;

[0074] Step 4: Start the pump 16;

[0075] Step 5: Close the first butterfly valve 19 at 1 / 4 of the water outlet;

[0076] Step six: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0077] Step 7: Close the first butterfly valve 19 at the 2 / 4 water outlet;

[0078] Step eight: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0079] Step nine: Close the first butterfly valve 19 at the 3 / 4 water outlet;

[0080] Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0081] Step 11: Close the first butterfly valve 19 of the water outlet almost completely;

[0082] Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182;

[0083] Testing the negative pressure capability of a water pump includes the following steps:

[0084] Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel 17 to open the second butterfly valve 20, and turn the second hand wheel 21 to open the first butterfly valve 19;

[0085] Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool;

[0086] Step three: record the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor 11, the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182;

[0087] Step 4: Start the pump 16;

[0088] Step 5: Close the second butterfly valve 20 at 1 / 4 of the water inlet;

[0089] Step six: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0090] Step 7: Close the second butterfly valve 20 at the 2 / 4 water inlet;

[0091] Step eight: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0092] Step nine: Close the second butterfly valve 20 at 3 / 4 of the water inlet;

[0093] Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181, the second water pressure sensor 182 and the flow meter 15;

[0094] Step 11: Close the second water inlet butterfly valve 20 almost completely;

[0095] Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor 181 and the second water pressure sensor 182.

[0096] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device, characterized in that: It comprises a barrel body (1), the lower end of the barrel body (1) is connected to the barrel bottom (2), the upper end of the barrel body (1) is connected to the barrel top (3), the upper end surface of the barrel top (3) is connected to a third water pressure sensor (11), and a support pipe (4) is connected between the upper end surface of the barrel bottom (2) and the lower end surface of the barrel top (3) inside the barrel body (1); the lower end of the side wall of the barrel body (1) is connected to a water inlet assembly; the upper end surface of the barrel top (3) is connected to a water outlet assembly; and the water outlet assembly is connected to a metering assembly; The water inlet assembly comprises a water inlet pipeline (5), the water inlet pipeline (5) being connected to the lower end of the side wall of the barrel body (1), the water inlet pipeline (5) being in communication with the barrel body (1), a second butterfly valve (20) being arranged at the outer end of the water inlet pipeline (5), a third connecting rod (22) being connected to the second butterfly valve (20), the upper end of the third connecting rod (22) being connected to the first hand wheel (17), and two first connecting rods (9) being connected to the lower end of the third connecting rod (22), the other ends of the two first connecting rods (9) being connected to the side wall of the barrel body (1); The water outlet assembly comprises a butt joint pipe (6), the butt joint pipe (6) being connected to the upper end surface of the barrel top (3), the butt joint pipe (6) being connected to a first water pressure sensor (181), the upper end of the butt joint pipe (6) being connected to a pump body (16), the pump body (16) being connected to a water outlet pipe (7) via a first connecting flange (7a), the other end of the water outlet pipe (7) being connected to a second connecting flange (7b), the other end of the second connecting flange (7b) being connected to the metering assembly; the water outlet pipe (7) being connected to a second water pressure sensor (182); The metering assembly comprises a flow meter (15), one end of the flow meter (15) is connected to the second connecting flange (7b), and the other end is connected to a first butterfly valve (19); the other end of the first butterfly valve (19) is connected to a hose pipe (8), and the hose pipe (8) is connected to a hose (14); the first butterfly valve (19) is connected to a second connecting rod (13), and the upper end of the second connecting rod (13) is connected to a second hand wheel (21).

2. A wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod (22).

3. A wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting ears (10) are connected at equal distances to the edge of the upper end surface of the barrel top (3).

4. A method for using the wind power negative pressure bucket foundation suction pump performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Test head value: Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel (17) to open the second butterfly valve (20), and turn the second hand wheel (21) to open the first butterfly valve (19); Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool; Step three: recording the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor (11), the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182); Step 4: Start the pump body (16), record whether water is discharged from the outlet of the hose (14), and record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); the vertical distance from the outlet of the hose (14) to the outlet of the pump body (16) is the head value of the water pump; Test normal pumping capacity: Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel (17) to open the second butterfly valve (20), and turn the second hand wheel (21) to open the first butterfly valve (19); Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool; Step three: recording the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor (11), the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182); Step 4: Start the pump body (16), and after the water pumping is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Test the water pump outlet pressure limit: Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel (17) to open the second butterfly valve (20), and turn the second hand wheel (21) to open the first butterfly valve (19); Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool; Step three: recording the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor (11), the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182); Step 4: Start the pump (16); Step 5: Close the first butterfly valve (19) at the 1 / 4 water outlet; Step six: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 7: Close the first butterfly valve (19) at the 2 / 4 water outlet; Step eight: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 9: Close the first butterfly valve (19) at the 3 / 4 water outlet; Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 11: Almost completely closing the first butterfly valve (19) at the water outlet; Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182); Test the negative pressure pumping capacity of the water pump: Step 1: Turn the first hand wheel (17) to open the second butterfly valve (20), and turn the second hand wheel (21) to open the first butterfly valve (19); Step 2: hoist the entire device into the water pool; Step three: recording the initial values ​​of the third water pressure sensor (11), the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182); Step 4: Start the pump (16); Step 5: Close the second butterfly valve (20) at the 1 / 4 water inlet; Step six: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 7: Close the second butterfly valve (20) at the 2 / 4 water inlet; Step eight: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 9: Close the second butterfly valve (20) at the 3 / 4 water inlet; Step 10: After the water output is stable, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181), the second water pressure sensor (182) and the flow meter (15); Step 11: Almost completely close the second butterfly valve (20) at the water inlet; Step 12: After stabilization, record the values ​​of the first water pressure sensor (181) and the second water pressure sensor (182).

Citation Information

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