Photoelectrohydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to fuel device

Abstract

The device for producing fuel by solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide assisted by photoelectric hydrolysis belongs to the field of solar thermal chemistry. The energy efficiency of existing solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide is limited. The electrolytic cell and the metal catalyst are separated by a hydrogen permeable membrane in the reaction device. The solar dish concentrator gathers sunlight through the quartz window to irradiate the metal catalyst. At the same time, the sunlight emitted to the periphery of the window is received by the concentrating photovoltaic module; the concentrating photovoltaic module supplies power to the electrolytic cell, so that the electrolytic cell generates hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen passes through the hydrogen permeable membrane under the action of the hydrogen pressure difference formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane into the area where the metal catalyst is located; the pressure reducing valve controls the oxygen emission and maintains the oxygen pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane to ensure the structural strength of the hydrogen permeable membrane and prevent oxygen from breaking through the hydrogen permeable membrane. Oxygen is discharged from the gas outlet, and the carbon dioxide inlet and carbon monoxide outlet are both connected to the area where the metal catalyst is located. It is used to reduce carbon dioxide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for preparing fuel by thermochemical reduction of CO2, belonging to the field of solar thermal chemistry. Background Art

[0002] As of December 2022, the total carbon emissions generated by human activities have reached 418.95ppm, far exceeding the safety threshold of 350ppm. Faced with the increasingly severe energy resource situation and global environmental problems, how to develop efficient and clean energy technologies to achieve the coordinated and sustainable development of the natural environment and human society has become the primary goal of the international community to rationally dispatch energy resources and carry out carbon emission reduction work. Among the many renewable energy sources, solar energy has become an ideal green energy to solve the global energy shortage and environmental pollution problems due to its wide distribution range, abundant reserves, clean and pollution-free. Thermochemical fuel production technology driven by solar energy provides a feasible future development path for the large-scale resource utilization of carbon waste gas (such as CO2 and CH4, which have the highest content in greenhouse gases).

[0003] Solar thermochemical technology usually uses concentrated solar radiation as a heat source to form a high-temperature environment in the reaction device, and reduces carbon waste gases such as CO2 to combustible gases such as CO under the action of catalytic materials, thereby realizing the green conversion of solar energy to chemical energy. The concentrators of small and medium-sized solar thermochemical systems usually use dish concentrators, while large systems use concentrator subsystems composed of hundreds or even thousands of heliostats. However, no matter what kind of concentrating method is used, the sunlight will inevitably undergo a series of attenuation and interference processes such as atmospheric scattering, mirror reflection, shadows and shielding during the transmission and convergence process relative to the ground in different directions. The light that finally reaches the concentrating target plane usually has more or less deviations from the theoretical transmission direction. In addition, there are inevitable system deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the concentrating device, and the accuracy problems of some devices when tracking the sun's position. The "light spot" formed in the target plane position should be within a certain diameter range in theory. It usually changes from a circle to an irregular shape, and its diameter will also expand accordingly. In this case, part of the energy cannot be accurately incident on the heat collecting device or the reaction device, thereby reducing the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0004] For direct-heating solar thermochemical reaction devices, the focused solar energy will be incident into the reaction chamber through the quartz window at the front end, forming a high-temperature environment and promoting chemical reactions. The high-temperature materials heated inside will also dissipate energy to the outside through the quartz window in the form of thermal radiation. Therefore, the diameter of the quartz window is usually designed to be within a certain range. In this case, the "waste light source" generated by system errors and tracking accuracy that diverges around the quartz window will usually have a significant limitation on the energy efficiency of the system. Although this part of the "waste light source" is outside the "light spot", it still has a certain concentration ratio. If the generated electrical energy is further combined with the thermochemical system, the energy efficiency of the entire system can be greatly improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of limited energy efficiency in the existing solar thermochemical reduction of CO2, and proposes a photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce fuel device.

[0006] A device for preparing fuel by solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide assisted by photoelectric hydrolysis, the device comprising a solar dish concentrator, a concentrating photovoltaic module, a cathode wire, an electrolytic cathode, a quartz window, a hydrogen permeable membrane, a pressure reducing valve, an anode wire, an electrolytic anode, an electrolytic cell, a flange with a built-in water cooling pipeline, and a reaction device;

[0007] An electrolytic cell is placed at the bottom of the reaction device, the upper part of the electrolytic cell is sealed with a hydrogen permeable membrane, and a gap is left between the hydrogen permeable membrane and the water surface of the electrolytic cell, a metal catalyst is arranged in the reaction device region where the upper surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane is located, and the hydrogen permeable membrane is arranged in the reaction device;

[0008] The quartz window is covered on the reaction device, the flange with a built-in water cooling pipeline is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window, the concentrating photovoltaic module is installed on the flange with a built-in water cooling pipeline, and the flange with a built-in water cooling pipeline is used to cool the concentrating photovoltaic module and the quartz window at the same time; the solar dish concentrator is located outside the quartz window and is placed toward the quartz window and the concentrating photovoltaic module at the same time; the solar dish concentrator is used to gather sunlight, and the sunlight is irradiated onto the metal catalyst through the quartz window, and the sunlight diverged to the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window is received by the concentrating photovoltaic module;

[0009] The positive electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic module is connected to the electrolytic anode in the electrolytic cell through the anode wire, and the negative electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic module is connected to the electrolytic cathode in the electrolytic cell through the cathode wire;

[0010] A H2O inlet is provided at the bottom of the reaction device, the H2O inlet is connected to the electrolytic cell, a gas outlet, a CO2 inlet and a CO outlet are provided on the side wall of the reaction device, the gas outlet is close to the oxygen side electrolyzed by H2O in the electrolytic cell, and the gas outlet is connected to the gap, and the CO2 inlet and the CO outlet are both connected to the area where the metal catalyst is located;

[0011] The gas outlet is provided with a pressure reducing valve. The electrolytic cell generates hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen passes through the hydrogen permeable membrane under the action of the hydrogen pressure difference formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane and enters the area where the metal catalyst is located. The pressure reducing valve is used to control the oxygen emission and maintain the oxygen pressure difference formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane to ensure the structural strength of the hydrogen permeable membrane and prevent oxygen from breaking through the hydrogen permeable membrane.

[0012] Preferably, the device further comprises a mass flow meter;

[0013] The mass flow meter is set on the pipeline where the CO2 inlet is located.

[0014] Preferably, the device further comprises a stainless steel housing and alumina thermal insulation ceramics;

[0015] The outer wall of the reaction device is a two-layer structure, and the two-layer structure is composed of alumina thermal insulation ceramics and a stainless steel shell from the inside to the outside.

[0016] Preferably, the device further comprises a circulating water pump and a water pipeline;

[0017] The electrolytic cell is connected to the water cooling pipeline in the flange with the built-in water cooling pipeline through a water pipeline;

[0018] The circulating water pump is arranged on the water pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, the metal catalyst is an iron-based catalyst.

[0020] Preferably, the fuel production device further comprises silicon carbide foam ceramics, which is a ceramic body having a porous foam structure, and an iron-based catalyst is coated on the surface of the silicon carbide foam ceramics.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] This application proposes for the first time a device for photoelectrohydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of CO2 to produce fuel. The core of this device is to use the "waste light source" generated during solar concentration to achieve additional photoelectrohydrolysis hydrogen production function, and use part of the hydrogen to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature thermochemical reaction, thereby improving the solar-fuel conversion efficiency. The design purpose of this device is to overcome the shortcomings of the previous high-temperature thermochemical method of cracking CO2 to produce fuel, such as high reaction temperature, low energy efficiency, the need for additional hydrogen source, and the inability to directly separate the gas product.

[0023] The advantages of the present application are: (1) the concentrating photovoltaic module is installed around the light incident window on the surface of the flange at the front end of the reaction device, and the solar radiation that is not effectively incident on the window due to system errors and control accuracy during the solar energy concentration process is used for photovoltaic power generation, and the generated electricity is used for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the incident solar energy; (2) in view of the convergence characteristics of the incident solar energy light, the concentrating photovoltaic module is used for high-efficiency power generation, and at the same time, it is cooled by a flange with a water cooling cycle to ensure the operating efficiency of the concentrating photovoltaic module; (3) the hydrogen generated by photovoltaic power generation is used as an auxiliary reducing gas, which is introduced into the solar high-temperature thermochemical reaction device to form a reducing atmosphere and greatly reduce the reaction temperature of the two-step thermochemical cycle system. By reducing the reaction temperature, the irreversible heat loss of the whole system is reduced and the high-temperature sintering problem of the catalytic material can be effectively alleviated, thereby ultimately improving the energy conversion efficiency of solar energy-fuel; secondly, the traditional non-isothermal cycle process is transformed into an isothermal cycle process, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the reaction device while alleviating the high-temperature deactivation of the catalytic material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the device for producing fuel by solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide assisted by photoelectric hydrolysis;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the layout of the water cooling pipeline inside the flange (left) and the installation of the concentrated photovoltaic module facing the light source side (right). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1The present embodiment is described. The photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce fuel device described in the present embodiment comprises a solar dish concentrator 1, a concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2, a cathode wire 4, an electrolytic cathode 11, a quartz window 12, a hydrogen permeable membrane 14, a pressure reducing valve 15, an anode wire 16, an electrolytic anode 17, an electrolytic cell 18, a flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline, and a reaction device.

[0030] An electrolytic cell 18 is placed at the bottom of the reaction device, and the upper part of the electrolytic cell 18 is sealed with a hydrogen permeable membrane 14, and a gap is left between the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 and the water surface of the electrolytic cell 18. A metal catalyst is arranged in the reaction device region where the upper surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 is located, and the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 is arranged in the reaction device;

[0031] The quartz window 12 is covered on the reaction device, the flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline is set at the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window 12, and the concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2 is installed on the flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline. The flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline is used to cool the concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2 and the quartz window 12 at the same time; the solar dish concentrator 1 is located outside the quartz window 12 and is placed toward the quartz window 12 and the concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2 at the same time; the solar dish concentrator 1 is used to gather sunlight, and the sunlight is irradiated onto the metal catalyst through the quartz window 12, and the sunlight emitted to the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window 12 is received by the concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2;

[0032] The positive electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic assembly 2 is connected to the electrolytic anode 17 in the electrolytic cell 18 through the anode wire 16, and the negative electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic assembly 2 is connected to the electrolytic cathode 11 in the electrolytic cell 18 through the cathode wire 4;

[0033] A H2O inlet is provided at the bottom of the reaction device, and the H2O inlet is connected to the electrolytic cell 18. A gas outlet, a CO2 inlet, and a CO outlet are provided on the side wall of the reaction device, respectively. The gas outlet is close to the oxygen side of the H2O electrolyzed in the electrolytic cell 18, and the gas outlet is connected to the gap. The CO2 inlet and the CO outlet are both connected to the area where the metal catalyst is located.

[0034] The gas outlet is provided with a pressure reducing valve 15. The electrolytic cell 18 generates hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen passes through the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 under the action of the hydrogen pressure difference formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 and enters the area where the metal catalyst is located. The pressure reducing valve 15 is used to control the oxygen emission and maintain the oxygen pressure difference formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 to ensure the structural strength of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 and prevent oxygen from breaking through the hydrogen permeable membrane 14.

[0035] In this embodiment, the hydrogen and oxygen electrolyzed by the electrolytic cell 18 will continue to accumulate, forming a pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14. The hydrogen pressure difference formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane allows hydrogen to pass through the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 and enter the upper reaction area. The hydrogen permeable membrane 14 can only allow hydrogen to pass through, but not oxygen. When the oxygen pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane is too high, the pressure reducing valve 15 is opened, and the oxygen electrolyzed by the electrolytic cell 18 will be discharged from the gas outlet to maintain the oxygen pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 stable. At this time, a small amount of hydrogen may be discharged together, but most of the hydrogen will pass through the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 and enter the upper area of ​​the hydrogen permeable membrane 14 to participate in the reaction. The purpose of maintaining a stable oxygen pressure difference by leaking oxygen is to prevent the oxygen pressure from being too high and requiring the hydrogen permeable membrane to be intercepted all the time, which may damage the structure of the hydrogen permeable membrane.

[0036] Since the efficiency of the CPV module 2 is very low at high temperature, the CPV module 2 is cooled by the flange 3 with built-in water cooling pipeline so that the CPV module 2 can be efficiently converted into electrical energy to efficiently supply power to the electrolytic cell.

[0037] Operation principle: The energy source of the entire reaction device is provided by solar energy. After being concentrated by the solar dish concentrator 1, the sunlight forms a Gaussian distributed irradiation heat flux, which is irradiated through the high-temperature resistant quartz window 12 to the silicon carbide foam ceramic 13 coated with an iron-based catalyst on the surface, forming a high-temperature environment (about 1000°C) and driving the strong endothermic thermochemical cracking CO2 reaction. The quartz window 12 is fixed and cooled by a flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline to prevent damage caused by thermal stress concentration. The concentrating photovoltaic assembly 2 is installed on the side of the flange 3 facing the light source, and uses the "waste light source" in the concentrating light source that is diverged to the periphery of the quartz window 12 due to system errors and control accuracy problems to generate photovoltaic power, and is cooled by the water cooling pipeline 19 in the flange 3 to ensure the working efficiency of the concentrating photovoltaic assembly 3. The electricity generated is connected to the electrolytic cell 18 by the cathode wire 4 and the anode wire 16 respectively, and water is electrolyzed. The hydrogen and oxygen obtained will be enriched above the water surface and form a certain pressure zone. Under the action of the pressure difference on both sides, most of the hydrogen will enter the reaction zone through the hydrogen permeable membrane 14, and after mixing with the CO2 raw gas, it will participate in the high-temperature thermochemical reaction inside the reaction device as an auxiliary gas, so as to achieve a large amount of CO2 cracking and CO efficient output. In order to avoid the excessive pressure above the electrolytic cell affecting the normal operation of the reaction device, a pressure reducing valve 15 is installed on the gas outlet side to control the stability of the internal pressure. The thermochemical reaction medium is mainly silicon carbide foam ceramic 13 with an iron-based catalyst coated on the surface. The reason for using silicon carbide foam ceramic is that it has good thermal conductivity and a high specific surface area, which can create the best reaction conditions for gas-solid two-phase exchange and catalytic reaction process. The iron-based catalyst coated on the surface of silicon carbide ceramic is a key active component for the two-step thermochemical cycle reaction, and has good CO2 catalytic activity even at relatively low temperatures. The entire reaction area where the foam ceramic is located is wrapped by alumina thermal insulation ceramic 10, and the outside is made of stainless steel shell 9 as a support and protection structure.

[0038] Reaction principle: The main reaction process of the two-step thermochemical cycle system is based on metal-based oxygen carriers (MO x The reduction step is a strong endothermic reaction (Formula 1), which usually requires a high temperature environment above 1300°C. x Part of the oxygen atoms are separated to form reduced metal oxide MO x-δ , where x represents a positive integer, δ represents the stoichiometric number of CO2, and a small amount of oxygen is released; the oxidation step is an exothermic reaction (Formula 2), and in actual operation it is usually necessary to appropriately lower the temperature to below 1000°C. At this time, the reduced metal oxide MO x-δ It takes away oxygen atoms from the CO2 raw material to generate CO, and at the same time restores itself to its original state of MO x Metal oxides. Theoretically, metal-based oxygen carriers MO xAs a catalyst, it is continuously recycled and regenerated throughout the process, so the overall reaction process can be understood as CO2 being cracked into CO and O2 (Formula 3).

[0039] Restore steps: MO x →MO x-δ +0.5δO2 (Formula 1) Oxidation step: MO x-δ +δCO2→MO x +δCO (Formula 2) Overall reaction: CO2→0.5O2+CO (Formula 3)

[0040] In the reduction step, the metal-based oxygen carrier MO x The reaction rate and reaction limit largely determine the final efficiency of the entire reaction system. At the same time, if the reaction temperature required for the reduction step can be lowered to the same as that of the oxidation step, that is, the original non-isothermal cycle can be changed to an isothermal cycle, the thermal efficiency of the entire reaction device can be further improved from the heat transfer level, thereby improving the final solar energy-fuel conversion efficiency. Therefore, the hydrogen product produced by photoelectrolysis is used as an auxiliary gas to form a reducing atmosphere and participate in the reaction, which can greatly reduce the reaction temperature required for the reduction step while increasing the metal-based oxygen carrier MO x The main reaction process of the reduction step becomes:

[0041] Reduction step after hydrogenation: MO x +εH2→MO x-ε +εH2O(Formula 4)

[0042] In addition, Table 1 shows the change of the reactivity of the iron-based catalyst when different contents of H2 auxiliary gas are added in the reduction stage through the two-step thermochemical cycle reaction mechanism analysis (the simulation conditions are: 8×φ6 cylindrical cavity, constant inlet flow rate of 1L / min, argon carrier gas, ambient temperature of 25℃, gas pressure of 1atm, and catalyst is Fe3O4 / FeO circulating working fluid pair), to prove the promoting effect of H2 on reducing the reaction temperature and improving the catalytic efficiency. Under normal circumstances, the cracking temperature of Fe3O4 catalytic material is about 1500℃, so the catalytic reactivity under pure argon atmosphere in the table is 0. When H2 auxiliary gas is added, even if only 1% H2 is added to the raw gas, there is still a 2% reactivity at a reaction temperature of 900K. As the reaction temperature and the content of H2 auxiliary gas increase, the catalytic reactivity increases significantly. At a reaction temperature of 1200K, adding 10% H2 auxiliary gas to the raw gas can achieve a reactivity of nearly 95%. That is to say, 95% of the iron-based catalyst is in an activated reduction state in the reduction step, which means that the catalyst can achieve a large amount of catalytic conversion of CO2 in the subsequent oxidation step. This proves that H2 auxiliary gas has a significant promoting effect in reducing the reaction temperature and improving the CO2 conversion rate in the reduction step. At the same time, the reduction temperature of about 1200K can transform the traditional non-isothermal cycle into an isothermal cycle, thereby reducing the irreversible loss in the heat transfer process. The above example results have largely confirmed the feasibility of the technical solution.

[0043] Table 1 The promoting effect of hydrogen on the cracking reaction in the reduction stage: catalytic reactivity at different ratios and temperatures (%)

[0044]

[0045] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method further limits the device for preparing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide described in specific implementation method 1. In this implementation method, the device further includes a mass flow meter 8;

[0046] The mass flow meter 8 is arranged on the pipeline where the CO2 inlet is located.

[0047] In this embodiment, the mass flow meter 8 is used to measure the flow rate of CO2 gas.

[0048] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method further defines the device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide described in specific implementation method one. In this implementation method, the device further includes a stainless steel shell 9 and an alumina thermal insulation ceramic 10;

[0049] The outer wall of the reaction device is a two-layer structure, and the two-layer structure is composed of alumina thermal insulation ceramic 10 and a stainless steel shell 9 from the inside to the outside.

[0050] In this embodiment, the alumina thermal insulation ceramic 10 is a thermal insulation material.

[0051] In this embodiment, the bolts 7 pass through the flange 3 with the built-in water cooling pipeline and the stainless steel housing 9 to clamp the quartz window 12 between the flange 3 with the built-in water cooling pipeline and the stainless steel housing 9 .

[0052] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment further defines the device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide described in specific embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the device further includes a circulating water pump 5 and a water pipeline 6;

[0053] The electrolytic cell 18 is connected to the water cooling pipeline 19 in the flange 3 with a built-in water cooling pipeline through the water pipeline 6;

[0054] The circulating water pump 5 is arranged on the water pipe 6 .

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the water cooling pipeline distribution 19 built into the flange 3 and the installation of the concentrating photovoltaic module 2. The concentrating photovoltaic module is installed on the side of the flange 3 facing the light source. Under the action of the circulating water pump 5, water flows in from the water inlet II and flows out from the water outlet I. Under the action of water cooling, the side of the flange facing the light source can cool the concentrating photovoltaic module, and the side facing away from the light can cool the quartz window to ensure the normal operation of the reaction device.

[0056] Specific implementation mode 5: This implementation mode further limits the device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermal chemical reduction of carbon dioxide described in specific implementation mode 1. In this implementation mode, the metal catalyst is an iron-based catalyst.

[0057] In this embodiment, the metal catalyst may be implemented as a cobalt catalyst, a cerium catalyst, or a nickel catalyst in addition to an iron-based catalyst.

[0058] Specific embodiment six: This embodiment further limits the photoelectric hydrolysis assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide fuel production device described in specific embodiment five. In this embodiment, the fuel production device also includes silicon carbide foam ceramic 13, which is a ceramic body with a porous foam structure, and the surface of the silicon carbide foam ceramic 13 is coated with an iron-based catalyst.

[0059] In the present embodiment, the silicon carbide foam ceramic is a ceramic body having a porous foam structure formed by firing silicon carbide powder.

[0060] An iron-based catalyst is coated on the surface of silicon carbide foam ceramics, but the through-hole structure on the silicon carbide ceramics needs to be maintained; Figure 1As shown, when sunlight irradiates the iron-based catalyst on the surface of silicon carbide foam ceramic, the iron-based catalyst is reduced to metal oxide MO x-δ At this time, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are introduced. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide will enter from the through-holes of silicon carbide foam ceramics and interact with the metal oxide MO x-δ Therefore, by coating the surface of silicon carbide foam ceramic with a metal catalyst, hydrogen and carbon dioxide can react with the metal oxide MO x-δ Full contact improves reaction efficiency.

[0061] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for preparing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, characterized in that: The device comprises a solar dish concentrator (1), a concentrating photovoltaic assembly (2), a cathode wire (4), an electrolytic cathode (11), a quartz window (12), a hydrogen permeable membrane (14), a pressure reducing valve (15), an anode wire (16), an electrolytic anode (17), an electrolytic cell (18), a flange (3) with a built-in water cooling pipeline, and a reaction device; An electrolytic cell (18) is placed at the bottom of the reaction device, the upper part of the electrolytic cell (18) is sealed with a hydrogen permeable membrane (14), and a gap is left between the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) and the water surface of the electrolytic cell (18), a metal catalyst is arranged in the reaction device region where the upper surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) is located, and the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) is arranged in the reaction device; The quartz window (12) is covered on the reaction device, the flange (3) with a built-in water cooling pipeline is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window (12), and the concentrating photovoltaic assembly (2) is installed on the flange (3) with a built-in water cooling pipeline, and the flange (3) with a built-in water cooling pipeline is used to cool the concentrating photovoltaic assembly (2) and the quartz window (12) at the same time; the solar dish concentrator (1) is located outside the quartz window (12) and is placed toward the quartz window (12) and the concentrating photovoltaic assembly (2) at the same time; the solar dish concentrator (1) is used to concentrate sunlight, and the sunlight is radiated onto the metal catalyst through the quartz window (12), and the sunlight emitted to the edge of the upper surface of the quartz window (12) is received by the concentrating photovoltaic assembly (2); The positive electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic assembly (2) is connected to the electrolytic anode (17) in the electrolytic cell (18) through the anode wire (16), and the negative electrode of the concentrated photovoltaic assembly (2) is connected to the electrolytic cathode (11) in the electrolytic cell (18) through the cathode wire (4); A H2O inlet is provided at the bottom of the reaction device, the H2O inlet is connected to the electrolytic cell (18), a gas outlet, a CO2 inlet and a CO outlet are provided on the side wall of the reaction device, the gas outlet is close to the oxygen side of the H2O electrolyzed in the electrolytic cell (18), and the gas outlet is connected to the gap, and the CO2 inlet and the CO outlet are both connected to the area where the metal catalyst is located; The gas outlet is provided with a pressure reducing valve (15), the electrolytic cell (18) generates hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen passes through the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) under the action of the hydrogen pressure difference formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) and enters the area where the metal catalyst is located; the hydrogen passes through the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) and enters the reaction area, and acts as an auxiliary gas to stimulate the activity of the metal catalyst, thereby achieving efficient CO production; The pressure reducing valve (15) is used to control the oxygen emission and maintain the oxygen pressure difference formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) to ensure the structural strength of the hydrogen permeable membrane (14) and prevent oxygen from breaking through the hydrogen permeable membrane (14).

2. The device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a mass flow meter (8); The mass flow meter (8) is arranged on the pipeline where the CO2 inlet is located.

3. The device for preparing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a stainless steel shell (9) and alumina thermal insulation ceramics (10); The outer wall of the reaction device is a two-layer structure, and the two-layer structure is composed of alumina thermal insulation ceramic (10) and a stainless steel shell (9) from the inside to the outside.

4. The device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a circulating water pump (5) and a water pipeline (6); The electrolytic cell (18) is connected to a water cooling pipeline (19) in a flange (3) with a built-in water cooling pipeline via a water pipeline (6); The circulating water pump (5) is arranged on the water pipeline (6).

5. The device for producing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal catalyst is an iron-based catalyst.

6. The device for preparing fuel by photoelectric hydrolysis-assisted solar thermochemical reduction of carbon dioxide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel making device also includes silicon carbide foam ceramic (13), which is a ceramic body with a porous foam structure, and an iron-based catalyst is coated on the surface of the silicon carbide foam ceramic (13).

Images