A method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and application for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring, and belongs to the technical field of peony cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: S1, in early March in spring, when the flower buds on the peony branches sprout for the first time and the young leaves of the new branches are not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the new branches are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained; S2, after pruning, 14-hydroxy brassinolide and gibberellin GA are immediately used to 3 The mixed solution is applied to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2-4 consecutive days; S3. After about 20 days, 5-8 new side branches are sprouted on the primary branches, which are secondary branches sprouted in spring. The present invention can make the single-stem peony take shape quickly, promote the high growth of peony branches, or delay the flowering of peony.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of peony cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for promoting secondary germination of peony in spring and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews.) is a deciduous shrub of the genus Paeoniaceae.

[0004] Single-stem peony refers to a new type of cultivation method in which only one independent main stem is retained when cultivating peony seedlings, and a crown is formed on the top of the main stem. In recent years, single-stem peonies have been favored by people for their beautiful plant shape and clusters of flowers. The price of a single plant is more than 5 times that of clustered peonies, and the market potential is huge. The main stem height of a single-stem peony is usually more than 60cm, and it generally takes 3 years of continuous cultivation to reach the height requirement. The crown of a single-stem peony requires at least 5 side branches, and it generally takes 2 years of cultivation to take shape. Therefore, it takes at least 5 years for a single-stem peony to be sold as a commodity, which is the main factor restricting the development of single-stem peonies and further improving their economic benefits.

[0005] Peonies are generally clumping shrubs with branches that have a growth habit of "growing one foot and shrinking eight inches". The annual height growth of peony branches is very small, which causes peony plants to be generally short. Therefore, the market demand for tall peony plants is very large, and the market price of tall peony seedlings is also significantly higher than that of ordinary peony seedlings.

[0006] Peonies generally sprout and bloom once in spring, and a few varieties sprout and bloom twice in summer, autumn or early winter, but the quality of the flowers is poor, and they have no ornamental value or other utilization value, and cannot generate economic benefits.

[0007] The technical document "Yuan Tao. Observation on the secondary development characteristics of large-flowered yellow peony branches. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(1)117-126" only observed and recorded the phenomenon and characteristics of the secondary natural germination of wild large-flowered yellow peony branches in spring, without further effective utilization of secondary germination. In addition, wild large-flowered yellow peony is different from cultivated varieties, and cultivated varieties of peony do not have the characteristics of secondary germination in spring. In addition, there is no record of promoting secondary germination of peony in spring. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and application for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring. The secondary germination of peony in spring is promoted by artificial regulation. The present invention can be applied in three aspects in production: rapid formation of single-stem peony, promotion of high growth of peony branches, delaying flowering period, etc., and also lays a foundation for further improvement and application in the future.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0010] In the first aspect, a method for promoting secondary germination of peony in spring comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. In early March in spring, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout and the young leaves of the new branches have not yet unfolded, cut off the young leaves on the top of the new branches together with the young buds, and at the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving the petioles;

[0012] S2. After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2-4 consecutive days;

[0013] S3. About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches will sprout on the primary branch, which are the secondary branches that sprout for the second time in spring.

[0014] In S1, when the height of the new branch is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the top 1-3 young leaves of the new branch are cut off together with the young buds, and the distance between the cut and the leaf axil closest to the bottom is about 1 cm. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained for about 1 cm;

[0015] In S3, unnecessary side branches or unnecessary flower buds are cut off as needed.

[0016] In the second aspect, the application of the above-mentioned method for promoting the secondary germination of peonies in spring includes: rapid shaping of single-stem peonies; promoting the high growth of peony branches; delaying the flowering of peonies;

[0017] 1. The application of the method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to the rapid shaping of single-stem peony:

[0018] (1) Main rod forming:

[0019] 1) In early March of the first year, when the peony sprouts new branches, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the main stem are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained;

[0020] 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days;

[0021] 3) About 20 days later, the main stem will sprout 5-8 new side branches, which are the secondary branches sprouted in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches will be kept as the main stem, and the rest will be cut off.

[0022] 4) Normal maintenance after the leaves fall in early November of the first year;

[0023] 5) In early March of the second year, when the main stem of the peony sprouts new branches for the first time, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the main stem are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained;

[0024] 6) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days;

[0025] 7) About 20 days later, the main stem will sprout 5-8 new side branches, which are the secondary branches sprouted in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches will be kept as the main stem, and the rest will be cut off.

[0026] 8) After the leaves fall in early November of the second year, normal maintenance is required;

[0027] In the step 1), when the height of the remaining main stem is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem is cut off together with the young buds, and the distance between the cut and the axil closest to the bottom is about 1 cm. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petiole is retained for about 1 cm;

[0028] In the step 5), when the height of the remaining main stem is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem is cut off together with the young buds, and the cut is about 1 cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petiole is retained for about 1 cm;

[0029] (2) Crown molding:

[0030] 1) In early March of the third year, when the main stem of the peony sprouts new branches for the first time, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the main stem are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained;

[0031] 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days;

[0032] 3) About 20 days later, the main stem sprouts 5-8 new side branches, which are secondary branches sprouted in spring;

[0033] 4) In the autumn of the third year, after a growing season, the newly sprouted secondary branches are completely lignified and meet the market requirements, and the whole single-stem peony can be sold as a commodity;

[0034] In the step 1), when the remaining main stem height is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem is cut off together with the young buds, and the cut is about 1 cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained for about 1 cm.

[0035] 2. Application of the method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to promote the high growth of peony branches

[0036] (1) In early March of the same year, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout, only one strong branch is retained and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained new branches have not yet unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the new branches are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving the petioles;

[0037] (2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 3 consecutive days.

[0038] (3) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the primary branches for the second time in spring. Only one strong secondary branch was retained on each primary branch, and the rest were cut off.

[0039] In the step (1), when the height of the new branch is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the second young leaf from the top of the new branch is cut off together with the young buds, and the distance between the cut and the nearest axil is about 1 cm. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving about 1 cm of the petiole.

[0040] 3. The application of the method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to delay the flowering of peony:

[0041] (1) In early March of the same year, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout, only one strong branch is retained and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained new branches have not yet unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the new branches are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving the petioles;

[0042] (2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2 consecutive days.

[0043] (3) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the primary branches. These are the secondary branches that sprouted again in spring. Only one strong secondary branch with normal flower buds on the top of each primary branch was retained, and the rest of the secondary branches were cut off.

[0044] (4) In May of the same year, the flowers on the secondary branches bloom. The flowering period of the same peony variety after secondary germination is 30-40 days later than the natural flowering period in spring.

[0045] In the step (1), when the height of the new branch is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the first young leaf at the top of the new branch is cut off together with the young buds, and the distance between the cut and the axil closest to the bottom is about 1 cm. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving about 1 cm of the petiole.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] 1. Innovation of the theory of peony flower bud differentiation and germination. Peony flower bud differentiation generally starts 40-60 days after the flowering period, is basically completed in mid-to-late October, and germinates and blooms in the spring of the following year. There are also a few varieties in which the flower buds quickly complete differentiation after the flowering period, and germinate and bloom again in the summer, autumn or early winter of the same year. The present invention is to use technical measures after the peony buds germinate in spring and before the leaves unfold, so that the flower buds are rapidly differentiated, and the secondary germination and branching in spring are carried out, and the flowering period is delayed by 30-40 days compared with the natural flowering period in spring, which breaks through the existing theoretical cognition of the differentiation and germination of peony flower buds and is an innovation of the theory of peony flower bud differentiation and germination.

[0048] 2. The present invention can shorten the cultivation time of single-stem peonies, reduce production costs, and quickly sell them; it can promote the high growth of peony branches to cultivate tall and large peonies; it can delay the natural flowering period in spring by 30-40 days to increase the viewing period. The present invention enriches the peony cultivation and management methods and improves the economic benefits of peony products.

[0049] 3. The operation method of the present invention is simple, low-cost, easy to mass-produce, and has a wide range of uses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a picture of the whole plant of the single-stem peony of the present invention in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 The crown diagram of the single-stem peony tree of the present invention group according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of new branches of the group of the present invention in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of new branches of the current year in the control group of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a flowering state diagram of the naturally grown control group of Example 4 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the flowering state of the secondarily germinated flowers of the group of Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. In early March, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout and the new branches are 3-5cm tall and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, cut off the top 1-3 young leaves of the new branches together with the young buds, with the cut about 1cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving about 1cm of petiole;

[0062] S2. After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2-4 consecutive days;

[0063] S3. About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the axils of the primary branches. These are the secondary branches that sprouted in spring.

[0064] Among them, in S1, strong-growing peonies were selected;

[0065] In S2, the concentration of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroids ranged from 6000 to 8000 times, and the concentration of gibberellin GA3 ranged from 300 to 500 mg / L.

[0066] In S3, remove unnecessary side branches and extra flower buds as needed.

[0067] Among them, the role of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroids is to balance plant growth and increase stress resistance; the role of gibberellin GA3 is to release the dormancy of buds at the secondary germination position and promote the germination of secondary branches.

[0068] After treatment, the peony sprouts a second time in spring. The branches of the second sprout are characterized by many branches, long length and late flowering. Generally, 5-8 secondary branches can sprout, which is 2-4 more than the number of primary branches. The height of the secondary branches is 2-4 times the height of the primary branches. The flowering period of the second sprout is 30-40 days later than that of the first sprout. Moreover, the second sprout time is in spring, which can complete the full growth cycle throughout the year compared with the secondary branches sprouting in summer and autumn. The secondary branches can be completely lignified, the flower buds are full, and the growth is strong. They can safely overwinter and grow normally the following year.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring is applied to the rapid prototyping of single-stem peony.

[0071] (1) Planting of peony seedlings: In early September 2019, scions of the peony variety 'Fei Yan Ling Kong' were collected at the experimental base of the Peony Research Institute in Mudan District, Heze City. The rootstock was 'Feng Dan' root, and the grafting was done directly in the field. The row spacing was 60 cm, the plant spacing was 50 cm, and the number of plants was 100. Another 10 plants were grafted and planted to grow naturally as a control.

[0072] (2) Main rod forming:

[0073] 1) In early March 2020, the peony sprouted new branches. Only one strong main branch was retained as the main stem, and the rest of the side branches were cut off. When the height of the retained main stem was 3-5 cm and the young leaves had not yet unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem was cut off together with the young buds. The cut was about 1 cm away from the axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below were cut off, and the petioles were retained about 1 cm. In the control group, only one strong main branch was retained as the main stem, and the rest of the side branches were cut off.

[0074] 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; the control group was not treated.

[0075] The mixed solution is a mixed solution of 8000 times of 0.004% 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 500 mg / L GA3;

[0076] 3) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the main stem in the axils of the primary branches. These were the secondary branches that sprouted for the second time in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches was retained as the main stem, and the rest were cut off. The control group did not receive any treatment because only one primary branch was retained as the main stem.

[0077] 4) After leaf fall in early November 2020, the average height of the main stems of the 100 peonies tested was measured to be 36.2 cm;

[0078] 5) In early March 2021, new branches first sprouted from the main stem of the peony. Only one strong main branch was retained as the main stem, and the remaining side branches were cut off. When the height of the retained main stem was 3-5 cm and the young leaves had not yet unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem was cut off together with the young buds. The cut was about 1 cm away from the axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below were cut off, and the petioles were retained about 1 cm. The control group also retained only one strong main branch as the main stem, and the remaining side branches were cut off.

[0079] 6) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; the control group was not treated;

[0080] The mixed solution is a mixed solution of 8000 times of 0.004% 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 500 mg / L GA3;

[0081] 7) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the main stem in the axils of the primary branches. These were the secondary branches that sprouted for the second time in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches was retained as the main stem, and the rest were cut off. The control group did not receive any treatment because only one primary branch was retained as the main stem.

[0082] 8) After the leaves fell in early November 2021, the average height of the main stems of the 100 peonies tested in 2021 was measured to be 29.1 cm;

[0083] After two years of growth, the average height of the main stem was 65.3 cm, and all plants reached the main stem height requirement for single-stem peonies; the control group did not reach the main stem height standard of 60 cm.

[0084] (2) Crown molding:

[0085] 1) In early March 2022, the main stem of the peony sprouted new branches for the first time. Only one strong main branch was retained as the main stem, and the other side branches were cut off; when the height of the retained main stem was 3-5cm and the young leaves had not unfolded, the third young leaf from the top of the main stem was cut off together with the young buds, and the cut was about 1cm away from the axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below were cut off, and the petioles of about 1cm were retained; because the control group did not reach the standard of 60cm main stem height, only one strong main branch was retained and the main stem continued to be cultivated.

[0086] 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; the control group was not treated;

[0087] The mixed solution is a mixed solution of 8000 times of 0.004% 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 500 mg / L GA3;

[0088] 3) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the main stem in the axils of the primary branches. These were secondary branches sprouted in spring, reaching the standard for the number of crown branches. The control group had not yet formed a crown.

[0089] 4) By the autumn of 2022, after one growing season, the newly-emerged secondary branches will be completely lignified and meet the market requirements, and the whole single-stem peony can be sold as a commodity; at this time, the control group is still cultivating the main stem, and it will take the fifth year to reach the quality of the third year of the present invention group.

[0090] The quality indicators are shown in Table 1. The status of the whole plant and crown of the single-stem peony is shown in Table 1. Figure 1 , Figure 2 : Figure 1 This is a picture of the whole plant of the single-stem peony of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a crown picture of a single-stem peony tree of the present invention, and all branches of the crown are completely lignified.

[0091] Table 1

[0092]

[0093] Example 3

[0094] Application of the method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to promote the high growth of peony branches

[0095] In 2022, at the experimental base of Peony Research Institute in Mudan District, Heze City, the peony variety 'New Century' was selected. The plant was 4 years old, with a clumping plant type, 8-10 branches per plant, and the number of plants was 100. In addition, 10 plants were selected for natural growth as a control.

[0096] (1) In early March 2022, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprouted, only one strong branch was retained, and the other side branches were cut off; when the new branch height was 3-5 cm and the young leaves had not yet unfolded, the top 1-3 young leaves of the new branch were cut off together with the young buds, and the cut was about 1 cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below were cut off, and the petioles of about 1 cm were retained; in the control group, only one strong main branch was retained, and the other side branches were cut off.

[0097] (2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 3 consecutive days;

[0098] The mixed solution was a mixed solution of 8000 times of 0.004% 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 500 mg / L GA3; the control group was not treated;

[0099] (3) After about 20 days, 5 to 8 new side branches will sprout from the axils of the primary branches. Only one of the strongest new branches will be retained from each branch, and the rest will be cut off. The control group did not receive any treatment because only one primary branch was retained.

[0100] (4) After the leaves fell in early November 2022, the average height of the new branches of the 100 test peonies was measured to be 27.5 cm, while that of the control group was 7.6 cm, which was 3.6 times that of the control group, significantly promoting the height growth of peony branches. The height growth values ​​are shown in Table 2; Figure 3 This is a state diagram of the new branches of the present invention. After cutting off the young branches and buds, the remaining height of the primary branches is 6 cm, and the height of the secondary branches that sprouted for the second time in spring is 27 cm, and they are completely lignified and can successfully survive the winter; Figure 4 This is the status picture of the new branches of the control group that year. The primary branches grew normally, the height of the lignified part was 7 cm, and they were able to survive the winter smoothly, with withered branches remaining at the top.

[0101] Table 2

[0102]

[0103] Example 4

[0104] Application of the method of promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to promote the delayed flowering of peony

[0105] In 2022, at the experimental base of the Peony Research Institute in Mudan District, Heze City, the peony variety 'Mo Run Jue Lun' was selected, with a plant age of 4 years and a clumping plant type, 8-10 branches per plant, and the number was 100 plants; another 10 plants were selected to grow naturally as a control;

[0106] (1) In early March 2022, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprouted, only one strong branch was retained, and the other side branches were cut off; when the new branch height was 3-5 cm and the young leaves had not yet unfolded, the top 1-3 young leaves of the new branch were cut off together with the young buds, and the cut was about 1 cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below were cut off, and the petioles were retained about 1 cm; in the control group, only one strong main branch was retained, and the other side branches were cut off;

[0107] (2) Immediately after pruning, a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 was applied to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2 consecutive days; the control group was not treated;

[0108] The mixed solution is a mixed solution of 8000 times of 0.004% 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and 500 mg / L GA3;

[0109] (3) About 20 days later, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the axils of the primary branches. These are the secondary branches that sprouted for the second time in spring. Only one strong secondary branch with normal flower buds on the top of each primary branch was retained, and the rest of the secondary branches were cut off.

[0110] (4) The flowering time of the naturally grown control group is April 19, 2022, and the flowering time of the secondary sprouted flowers is May 29, 2022, with a delay of 40 days. Figure 5 This is the flowering state diagram of the naturally grown control group. Figure 6 This is a flowering state diagram of the second-germinated flowers of the present invention. The time difference between the two is 40 days, but the flowering quality is the same and has the same ornamental value.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the secondary germination of peonies in spring to enable single-stem peonies to quickly take shape, characterized in that: The specific steps are: (1) Main rod forming: 1) In early March of the first year, when the peony sprouts new branches, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the main stem are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained; 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; 3) After 20 days, the main stem will sprout 5-8 new side branches, which are the secondary branches sprouted in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches will be kept as the main stem and the flower buds will be cut off, and the rest of the new branches will be cut off; 4) Normal maintenance after the leaves fall in early November of the first year; 5) In early March of the second year, when the main stem of the peony sprouts new branches for the first time, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the upper end of the main stem together with the young buds are cut off, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained; 6) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; 7) After 20 days, the main stem will sprout 5-8 new side branches, which are the secondary branches sprouted in spring. Only one of the strongest new branches will be kept as the main stem and the flower buds will be cut off, and the rest of the new branches will be cut off; 8) After the leaves fall in early November of the second year, normal maintenance is required; (2) Crown molding: 1) In early March of the third year, when the main stem of the peony sprouts new branches for the first time, only one strong main branch is retained as the main stem, and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained main stem have not unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the main stem are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, and the petioles are retained; 2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 4 consecutive days; 3) After 20 days, the main stem sprouts 5-8 new side branches, which are secondary branches sprouted in spring; 4) In the autumn of the third year, after one growing season, the newly sprouted secondary branches are completely lignified, and the finished product is obtained.

2. The method for promoting the secondary germination of peonies in spring to enable single-stem peonies to quickly take shape as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration range of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid was 6000-8000 times, and the concentration range of gibberellin GA3 was 300-500 mg / L.

3. The method for promoting rapid formation of single-stem peony by secondary germination of peony in spring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: (1) During the main rod forming process, In step 1), when the remaining main stem height is 3-5cm and the young leaves have not unfolded, cut off the third young leaf from the top of the main stem together with the young buds. The cut should be 1cm away from the axil nearest to the bottom. At the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving 1cm of petiole.

4. The method for promoting rapid formation of single-stem peony by secondary germination of peony in spring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: (1) During the main rod forming process, In step 5), when the remaining main stem height is 3-5cm and the young leaves have not unfolded, cut off the third young leaf from the top of the main stem together with the young buds. The cut should be 1cm away from the axil nearest to the bottom. At the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving 1cm of petiole.

5. The method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring and making the single-stem peony take shape quickly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: (2) During crown formation, In step 1), when the remaining main stem height is 3-5cm and the young leaves have not unfolded, cut off the third young leaf from the top of the main stem together with the young buds. The cut should be 1cm away from the axil nearest to the bottom. At the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving 1cm of petiole.

6. A method for promoting the secondary germination of peonies in spring to increase the growth of peony branches, characterized in that: The specific steps are: (1) In early March of the same year, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout, only one strong branch is retained and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the retained new branches have not yet unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the new branches are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving the petioles; (2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 3 consecutive days; (3) After 20 days, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the primary branches for the second time in spring. Only one strong secondary branch was retained on each primary branch, and the rest were cut off. In step (1), when the height of the new branch is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, the second young leaf from the top of the new branch is cut off together with the young buds, and the cut is 1 cm away from the leaf axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving 1 cm of petiole.

7. The method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to make the branches of peony grow taller as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The concentration range of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid was 6000-8000 times, and the concentration range of gibberellin GA3 was 300-500 mg / L.

8. A method for promoting the secondary germination of peonies in spring to delay their flowering, characterized in that: The specific steps are: (1) In early March of the same year, when the flower buds on the peony branches first sprout, only one strong branch is retained and the other side branches are cut off; when the young leaves of the new branches have not yet unfolded, the young leaves at the top of the new branches are cut off together with the young buds, and at the same time, the leaves of the young leaves below are cut off, leaving the petioles; (2) After pruning, immediately apply a mixed solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid and gibberellin GA3 to the axils of the remaining branches once a day for 2 consecutive days; (3) After 20 days, 5-8 new side branches sprouted from the primary branch. The flower buds on the top of the new branches are the secondary branches that sprouted again in spring. Only one strong secondary branch with normal flower buds on the top of each primary branch is retained, and the rest of the secondary branches are cut off; (4) In May of the same year, the flowers that have sprouted for the second time are in full bloom. For the same peony variety, the flowering period after the second sprouting is 30-40 days later than the natural flowering period in spring.

9. The method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to delay the flowering of peony as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The concentration range of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid was 6000-8000 times, and the concentration range of gibberellin GA3 was 300-500 mg / L.

10. The method for promoting the secondary germination of peony in spring to delay the flowering of peony as claimed in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In step (1), when the height of the new branch is 3-5 cm and the young leaves have not yet unfolded, cut off the top 1-3 young leaves of the new branch together with the young buds, with the cut 1 cm away from the axil closest to the bottom. At the same time, cut off the leaves of the young leaves below, leaving 1 cm of petiole.

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