Plant nutrient solution containing mineral complex and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a mineral complex, a preparation method and an application thereof; mineral nutrient elements, especially mineral nutrient elements required by plants, are added to fermented mash or fermented mash fermentation filtrate to form a complex or ion with the fermented mash enzymatic hydrolysis product. The invention provides a plant nutrient solution capable of obtaining a mineral complex and a preparation method thereof, which has low facility and equipment investment, short processing cycle, simple and easy process and good stability; high bioavailability, good effect, low cost, and overcomes the danger of mutual antagonism of trace elements and toxicity to crops at high concentrations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial preparations, and in particular relates to a nutrient solution of a mineral complex and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Minerals are naturally occurring compounds or natural elements in the earth's crust. They are the general term for inorganic substances that are necessary for the formation of organisms and the maintenance of normal physiological functions. They are essential nutrients for the formation of organisms and the maintenance of normal physiological functions. Except for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc., which mainly exist in the form of organic matter, the other more than 70 elements are collectively referred to as minerals or inorganic salts. They cannot be synthesized in animals and plants and must be taken in from the outside. Among them, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, sulfur and chlorine are constant elements, and their content is more than 0.01% of the animal and plant body or the intake is more than 100 mg / d; iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, cobalt, molybdenum, iodine, chromium, selenium, etc., whose content is less than 0.01% of the animal and plant body or the intake is less than 100 mg / d, are trace elements. Minerals are important components of the body and tissues, and are activators, cofactors or components of enzymes. They play an important role in physiological and biochemical reactions such as plant metabolism, growth and development, and resistance to stress and disease.

[0003] For a long time, most of the fertilizers used in my country were inorganic salts, which led to environmental problems such as soil acidification, compaction, heavy metal pollution and salinization. It was not until the 20th century that compound fertilizers gradually developed in my country, and their fertilizer efficiency was significantly higher than that of inorganic salts. Its commonly used ligands are mainly EDTA series, amino acids, humic acid and lignin. However, EDTA compound fertilizers are expensive, humic acid has a large molecular weight and poor coordination ability, and lignin also has a poor effect on metal ions.

[0004] The traditional salt-free soy sauce brewing products in my country are rich in covalent bond compounds such as various amino acids, reducing sugars, organic acids and alcohols that have strong coordination ability with minerals. Through active functional groups such as carboxyl (-COOH), phenolic (-OH), amine (NHR), amino (-NH2) and thiol (-RSH) as ligands, they form complexes and ions with minerals in the form of coordination bonds, which greatly enhances the nutritional and flavor functions of soy sauce. Therefore, drawing on the process and principle of forming new functional complexes between traditional salt-free soy sauce brewing products in my country and minerals, the specific organic material Aspergillus culture product is fermented under the corresponding temperature and pH conditions, and then the fermentation product is filtered to obtain the filtrate. On this basis, according to the research results of plant nutrition physiology, the mineral elements required by the plant are added to the filtrate at a certain concentration and ratio, and complexes or ions formed by complex amino acids, small peptides, sugars, organic acids and aldehydes, ketones and alcohols organic molecules and minerals can be obtained through coordination exchange, hydrogen bonds, cation bond bridges and other forms. This complex or ligand ion not only overcomes the shortcomings of the current mineral element chelate fertilizer, such as high cost and low biological activity of the ligand as an acid-base hydrolysis product, but also greatly improves the efficiency of plant absorption and utilization, and effectively overcomes the danger of mutual antagonism of trace elements and high concentration poisoning crops. The preparation process is simple, easy to operate, scientific and reliable, and low in cost. So far, no public reports have been seen. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant nutrient solution containing a mineral complex, and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention draws on the traditional salt-free soy sauce brewing process and principle in my country, cultivates specific organic materials through Aspergillus, and after fermentation of the culture product with soy sauce, reacts with minerals at a specific concentration and ratio to form a complex or complex ion, thereby producing a preparation method for a plant nutrient liquid fertilizer.

[0006] The invention discloses a method for preparing a plant nutrient solution containing a mineral complex, which comprises adding mineral nutrient elements, especially mineral nutrient elements required by plants, during fermentation of fermented mash or into fermented mash filtrate.

[0007] In the preparation method, for minerals with flocculation properties, such as ferrous sulfate, is added during fermentation of the fermented mash, and the ferrous sulfate solution is used to stir the koji. The concentration of iron in the fermented mash is Fe 2+ 30-40mg / mL; for minerals without flocculation properties, such as potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, hyposilicic acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium selenite, at least one of them is added to the fermentation filtrate of the mash, and the mash is fermented by mixing with clean water.

[0008] The preparation method comprises a fermentation system in which Aspergillus culture and ferrous sulfate solution are mixed in a ratio of 130 kg: 90-100 L to form an iron-containing complex fermented mash fermentation system, wherein the concentration of iron in the iron-containing complex fermented mash fermentation system is Fe 2+ 30-40mg / mL; or the Aspergillus culture and clean water are mixed in a ratio of 130kg:90-100L to form a clear water fermented mash fermentation system; the Aspergillus includes: Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae (standard strain).

[0009] The preparation method comprises keeping warm and fermenting at a temperature of 45-55° C. for 3-5 days.

[0010] The Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae culture is mixed with ferrous sulfate solution, and fermented at 45°C for 5 days to prepare the iron-containing complex sauce. Alternatively, the Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae culture is mixed with clean water, and fermented at 55°C for 3 days to prepare the complex sauce rich in other mineral elements.

[0011] The preparation method comprises squeezing, clarifying and filtering the iron-containing complex fermented mash after heat preservation and fermentation to obtain the iron-containing complex plant nutrient solution; the concentration of iron in the mash is the same as that in the squeezed juice, that is, the solid-liquid separation of the iron-containing complex mash system does not change the concentration. For minerals without flocculation properties, the clear water mash after heat preservation and fermentation is squeezed, clarified and filtered to obtain the mash fermentation filtrate rich in small peptides, amino acids, reducing sugars, organic acids, aldehydes and ketones and other ligands, and then the minerals are added to the mash fermentation filtrate respectively and stirred to dissolve to obtain the corresponding mineral complex nutrient solution. The mash fermentation filtrate includes at least one of the following mineral elements, and the concentration limit ranges are: K 1+ 80-100mg / mL, P 5+ 40-50mg / mL, Mg 2+ 30-40mg / mL, Si 4+ 80-100mg / mL, Cu 2+ 20-30mg / mL, Zn 2+ 40-50mg / mL, Mn 2+ 40-50mg / mL, B 3+ 10-20mg / mL, Mo 6+ 40-55mg / mL, Se 4+ 20-30mg / mL.

[0012] The preparation method comprises adding sodium benzoate at a mass ratio of 0.1% to the prepared nutrient solution, and packaging and sealing the solution for standby use.

[0013] The method for preparing the plant nutrient solution containing mineral complexes comprises the following four steps: the first step is to prepare the Aspergillus culture, the second step is to ferment the fermented mash, the third step is to coordinate and synthesize the fermentation product with mineral elements, and the fourth step is to add a preservative and package for standby use.

[0014] There are two cases of coordination synthesis between fermentation products and mineral elements: for minerals with flocculation properties, such as ferrous sulfate, which is added during the fermentation of soy sauce, ferrous sulfate solution is used to mix the koji, and organic matter degradation and coordination synthesis are coupled during the fermentation of soy sauce. The iron content in the plant nutrient solution containing iron complexes must be limited to Fe 2+ 30-40mg / mL; for minerals without flocculation properties, such as potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, hyposilicic acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium selenite, etc., they are added to the fermentation filtrate of the sauce mash to achieve coordination synthesis.

[0015] There are two cases for fermentation of fermented mash: for mineral fermentation system with flocculation characteristics, the fermentation system of fermented mash is composed of Aspergillus culture and ferrous sulfate solution mixed at a ratio of 130kg:90-100L to form a fermentation system of fermented mash containing iron complex; for mineral fermentation system without flocculation characteristics, the fermentation system of fermented mash is composed of Aspergillus culture and clean water mixed at a ratio of 130kg:90-100L to maximize the hydrolysis efficiency and obtain more amino acids, reducing sugars, organic acids and other ligands with binding effects to increase the content of mineral complexes.

[0016] In the preparation method, the bacteria required for preparing the fermented mash undergoes the processes of activation, secondary bacteria preparation, tertiary bacteria preparation, and Aspergillus culture preparation.

[0017] Furthermore, the activation, secondary strain preparation, tertiary strain preparation, and final culture preparation process specifically include the following steps:

[0018] (a) Activation of strains: Prepare PDA slant culture medium and inoculate Aspergillus strains into PDA aseptically.

[0019] On the slant medium, the strain was activated by constant temperature culture at 28-32°C for 3-4 days;

[0020] (b) Preparation of secondary strains: wheat bran and water are mixed at a ratio of 1:0.8-1, and the mixture is placed in a triangular flask, the filling amount of which is 1 / 3 of the volume of the flask, and the flask is stoppered and sealed. The flask is sterilized by high pressure sterilization at 121°C for 30-40 minutes. The activated Aspergillus strain is inoculated into the cooled culture medium by aseptic operation, and the mixture is fully shaken and placed horizontally. The mixture is cultured at a constant temperature of 28-30°C for 2-3 days until the Aspergillus hyphae grow all over the matrix. When the lumps form, the flask is closed. The culture is continued until a large amount of Aspergillus spore powder is produced and the culture begins to change color, which is the secondary strain of Aspergillus;

[0021] (c) Preparation of tertiary strains: Prepare the wheat bran medium in step (b) in the same manner, mix the secondary strain of Aspergillus with the cooled medium, and culture at a constant temperature of 28-32° C. for 2-3 days until the Aspergillus hyphae grow all over the substrate and turn over when agglomerates. Continue to culture until a large amount of Aspergillus spore powder is produced and begins to change color, which is the tertiary strain of Aspergillus.

[0022] (d) Preparation of Aspergillus culture: ① Sterilize and cool a solid culture medium for culturing Aspergillus, the formula of which is 80-90 kg of at least one of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and rapeseed dregs; 10-20 kg of at least one of wheat bran, flour and inferior flour; and 100 kg of water; ② Evenly mix the tertiary strain of Aspergillus with the cooled culture medium; ③ Spread the culture medium inoculated with Aspergillus in a koji making pool, control the material temperature at 30-32° C. to keep moisture and air permeable and cultivate for 2-3 days until the hyphae grows all over the substrate, and turn over when lumps form, and continue to cultivate until Aspergillus spore powder is produced in large quantities and begins to change color, which is the Aspergillus culture.

[0023] When preparing the above-mentioned Aspergillus culture, the soybean meal is mixed with 100°C boiling water to moisten the water, the rapeseed meal and rapeseed dregs are directly mixed with clean water and then mixed evenly with the other raw materials of the formula, loaded into a tray, and sterilized at 121°C for 30-50 minutes under high pressure, or sterilized at 100°C for 90-120 minutes under normal pressure.

[0024] The tertiary Aspergillus strains are mixed evenly with the cooled culture medium. The Aspergillus oryzae used is Shanghai Niang 3.042 or other soy sauce brewing Aspergillus oryzae, with an inoculation amount of 0.3-0.5%; the Aspergillus niger used is AS3.395 or other soy sauce brewing Aspergillus niger, with an inoculation amount of 0.1-0.3%, which is about 1 / 3 of Aspergillus oryzae.

[0025] Further, the culture medium inoculated with Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae is spread in a koji making pool, the material temperature is controlled to be 30-32° C. to keep moisture and ventilation and culture for 2-3 days, the Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger hyphae can grow all over the entire matrix, turn over when agglomerating, and continue to culture until Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae spore powder is produced in large quantities and begins to change color, that is, the Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae culture, which weighs about 130 kg and has a water content of about 33%.

[0026] The present invention also provides the application of the plant nutrient solution containing the mineral complex, which is used to provide nutrition to plants more efficiently, increase crop yield, and enhance crop resistance.

[0027] The present invention forms complexes or ligands between the ionic state of mineral elements and the enzymatic hydrolysis products of organic matter, reduces the fixation or leaching loss of mineral elements in the soil, effectively overcomes the danger of mutual antagonism between trace elements and high concentration poisoning crops, and improves the effective state of mineral elements in the soil for plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The picture shows the equipment for preparing fermented mash and its fermentation status;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a photo of the plant nutrient solution obtained by filtering according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] The Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae of the present invention are purchased from model strains of China Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0032] Method for determining the coordination ratio of various nutrient elements: Direct determination using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, coordination ratio (%) = total amount of coordinated mineral elements / total amount of complex mineral elements × 100%.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a potassium complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: (a) activating bacterial strains: preparing a PDA slant culture medium according to a conventional method, specifically weighing 200 g of peeled and eye-digging potatoes, shredding or cutting into small pieces, adding 1500 mL of water and boiling for 15 minutes, filtering with four layers of gauze to obtain 1100 mL of filtrate, adding 20 g of agar and the 1100 mL of filtrate into a pot and heating them, stirring while heating, and waiting for the agar to After dissolution, add 20 g of glucose and stir evenly, make up to 1000 mL, package while hot, the filling amount is 1 / 5 of the length of the test tube, add stoppers, bandage, autoclave at 121°C for 30 minutes, take out, arrange into a slope while hot, and after cooling, inoculate Aspergillus niger (AS3395) and Shanghai Brewing 3.042 Aspergillus oryzae strains on PDA slant culture medium aseptically, and culture at a constant temperature of 30°C for 3 days. The slant culture medium is covered with Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae spore powder.

[0035] (b) Preparation of strains: wheat bran and water were mixed at a ratio of 1:0.9, and the mixture was placed in a 250 mL glass triangular flask, with the filling amount being 1 / 3 of the bottle volume, stoppered and bandaged, and sterilized at 121° C. for 35 minutes under high pressure. The activated Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae strains were respectively inoculated into the cooled culture medium under aseptic operation, and the mixture was fully shaken, placed horizontally, and cultured at a constant temperature of 28° C. for 4 days until the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae hyphae could grow all over the matrix. When the mixture agglomerates, the flask was closed, and the culture was continued until the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae spores were formed. The culture when powder is produced in large quantities and begins to change color is the secondary strain of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae; similarly prepare wheat bran culture medium, mix the secondary strains of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae with the cooled culture medium evenly, spread them on a koji-making plate, and culture them at a constant temperature of 30°C for 3 days. The hyphae of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae can grow all over the substrate, turn over when they agglomerate, and continue to culture until the spore powder of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae is produced in large quantities and begins to change color, which is the tertiary strain of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae.

[0036] (c) Preparation of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae culture: ① Prepare a solid culture medium for culturing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, the formula is 80kg soybean meal, 20kg wheat bran, and 100kg water. ② Mix the soybean meal with 100°C boiling water, mix it evenly with wheat bran, put it into a tray, and sterilize it at 121°C for 40 minutes. ③ Mix the tertiary strains of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae with the cooled culture medium, and the inoculation amount is 0.1% and 0.3% respectively. ④ Spread the culture medium inoculated with Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae in a koji making pool, control the material temperature at 32°C to keep moisture and air permeable and cultivate for 2 days, and the hyphae of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae can grow all over the entire matrix, turn over when agglomeration occurs, and continue to cultivate until the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae spore powder is produced in large quantities and begins to change color, that is, the culture of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, which weighs about 130kg and has a water content of about 33%.

[0037] (d) Preparation of fermented mash: 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures were mixed with 100 L of clean water to prepare fermented mash, and the fermented mash was kept at 55° C. for 3 days to obtain the clear water fermented mash.

[0038] (e) Preparation of plant nutrient solution containing potassium complex: The clear fermented mash is squeezed, clarified and filtered to obtain about 120 L of fermented mash filtrate, and then 31 kg of 52% potassium sulfate (K2O52%, K43.16%) is stirred and dissolved with 120 L of fermented mash filtrate to obtain about 133.7 L of plant nutrient solution containing potassium complex, with a potassium content of about K 1+ 100mg / mL. Potassium element ratio 96.2%. Add sodium benzoate at 0.1% of the mass ratio of the nutrient solution prepared above, and seal it for later use.

[0039] The prepared potassium-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone, and in the flowering period of crops, it is sprayed on the leaves or irrigated with roots. Compared with potassium sulfate solution, it has a significant yield-increasing effect (effects are shown in Table 1). It can also be used with other mineral complexes according to the plant's demand ratio for mineral elements to prepare a plant full-element nutrient solution.

[0040] Table 1 Effects of potassium complex plant nutrient solution on the yield and chlorogenic acid content of honeysuckle dried flowers

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Note: 100 whole flowers were randomly selected from different treatments after unified drying in the processing plant to form one sample. The test site: Longzhuangwan Township, Xupu County.

[0044] Treatment 1: Potassium content is K + 100 ml of 100 mg / mL potassium complex plant nutrient solution prepared by the present invention (potassium content is 10000 mg, equivalent to 23.17 g of 52% potassium sulfate) is diluted with 10 L of water, and 0.05 mu of honeysuckle is sprayed on the leaves each time. Spraying twice is equivalent to spraying 46.34 g of 52% potassium sulfate;

[0045] Treatment 2: Potassium content is K + 200 ml of 100 mg / ml potassium complex plant nutrient solution prepared by the present invention (potassium content is 20000 mg, equivalent to 46.34 g of 52% potassium sulfate) is diluted with 10 L of water, and 0.05 mu of honeysuckle is sprayed on the leaves each time. One spraying is equivalent to spraying 43.16 g of 52% potassium sulfate;

[0046] Treatment 3: 25.00g of 52% potassium sulfate was diluted with 10L of water and sprayed on 0.05 mu of honeysuckle each time. Spraying twice was equivalent to spraying 50.00g of 52% potassium sulfate.

[0047] CK: 10L of clean water, spray 0.05 mu of honeysuckle each time, spray twice.

[0048] The K2O content of 52% potassium sulfate is 52%, and the potassium content of K is 43.16%.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a magnesium complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of a magnesium complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate, and then stirring and dissolving 34 kg of 16% magnesium sulfate (Mg16%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 136 L of a plant nutrient solution containing a magnesium complex, wherein the magnesium content is about Mg. 2+ 40mg / mL, with a compatibility rate of 97.3%.

[0051] The prepared magnesium complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone, and in the flowering period of crops, it is sprayed on the leaves or irrigated with roots. Compared with magnesium sulfate solution, the yield increase effect and disease prevention effect are obvious (the effect is shown in Table 2). It can also be used with other mineral complexes according to the demand ratio of plants for mineral elements to prepare plant full element nutrient solution. Sodium benzoate is added at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the prepared nutrient solution, and the solution is packaged and sealed for standby use.

[0052] Table 2 Effects of magnesium complex-containing plant nutrient solution on watermelon yield and prevention of watermelon wilt

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Note: Treatment 1: magnesium content is Mg 2+ 100 ml of 40 mg / ml magnesium complex plant nutrient solution prepared by the present invention (magnesium content is 4000 mg, equivalent to 25.0 g of 16% magnesium sulfate) is diluted with 10 L of water, and 0.05 mu of watermelon is sprayed on the leaves each time. The leaves are sprayed continuously every 7 days. One spraying is equivalent to spraying 25.0 g of 16% magnesium sulfate.

[0056] Treatment 2: 25.0g of 16% magnesium sulfate was diluted with 10L of water and sprayed on 0.05 mu of watermelon each time. The spraying was continued every 7 days. One spraying was equivalent to spraying 25.0g of 16% magnesium sulfate.

[0057] CK: 10L of clean water, spray 0.05 mu of watermelon each time, and spray on the leaves continuously every 7 days.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a silicon complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of a silicon complex solution: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate, and then stirring and dissolving 27.0 kg of 50% hyposilicic acid (produced by Shandong Woyijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Si50%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 135.0 L of a plant nutrient solution containing a silicon complex, wherein the silicon content is about Si 4+ 100 mg / mL, with a matching rate of 96.3%. Add sodium benzoate at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the nutrient solution prepared above, and seal the solution for later use.

[0060] The prepared silicon-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone, and in the flowering period of crops, it is sprayed on the leaves or irrigated with roots. Compared with the hyposilicic acid (produced by Shandong Woyijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Si50%) solution, the yield increase effect and disease prevention effect are obvious (the effect is shown in Table 3). It can also be used with other mineral complexes according to the demand ratio of plants for mineral elements to prepare plant full element nutrient solution. Sodium benzoate is added at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the prepared nutrient solution, and the solution is packaged and sealed for later use.

[0061] Table 3 Effect of silicon-containing plant nutrient solution on strawberry yield per plot and its prevention effect on gray mold

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Note: 200 strawberry plants per plot, 5 plots in total. Experimental site: beside Songya Lake, Changsha County. Treatment 1: Silicon content is Si 4+ 50 ml of 100 mg / mL silicon complex plant nutrient solution prepared by the present invention (silicon content is 5000 mg, equivalent to 10.00 g of 50% hyposilicic acid) is diluted with 10 L of water, and 0.05 mu of strawberries are sprayed on the leaves each time. The leaves are sprayed continuously every 7 days, and one spraying is equivalent to spraying 10.00 g of 50% hyposilicic acid;

[0065] Treatment 2: 10.00g of 50% hyposilicic acid was diluted with 10L of water and sprayed on 0.05 mu of strawberries each time. The spraying was continued every 7 days. One spraying was equivalent to spraying 10.00g of 50% hyposilicic acid.

[0066] CK: 10L of clean water, spray 0.05 mu of strawberries each time, and spray on the leaves continuously every 7 days.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing an iron complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: the following steps are: strain activation and strain preparation are performed in the same manner as in (a) and (b) of Example 1. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures are prepared in the same manner as in (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of fermented soy sauce: 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures are mixed with 100 L of 30% ferrous sulfate (Fe30%) aqueous solution to prepare fermented soy sauce, wherein the iron is Fe 2+ 30mg / mL, and fermented at 45℃ for 5 days to obtain the iron-containing complex. (e) Preparation of iron-containing complex: The fermented sauce was squeezed, clarified, and filtered to obtain about 120L of complex, with an iron content of about Fe 2+ 30mg / mL, with a matching rate of 96.5%. Sodium benzoate is added at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the nutrient solution prepared above, and the solution is packaged and sealed for later use.

[0069] The prepared iron-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone, and in the flowering period of crops, it is sprayed on the leaves or irrigated with roots. Compared with ferrous sulfate solution, it has a significant yield-increasing effect (effects are shown in Table 4). It can also be used with other mineral complexes according to the demand ratio of plants for mineral elements to prepare plant full-element nutrient solution.

[0070] Table 4 Effect of plant nutrient solution containing iron complexes on orange (Newhall) yield

[0071]

[0072] Note: 10 trees per plot, 7 years old, 5 plots in total. Experimental site: Weihushan Village, Xupu County. Treatment 1: Iron content is Fe 2+ 90 ml of the 30 mg / ml iron complex plant nutrient solution prepared by the present invention (iron content is 2700 mg, equivalent to 9.00 g of 30% ferrous sulfate) was diluted with 30 L of water and sprayed on the leaves of 10 orange trees. One spraying is equivalent to spraying 9.00 g of 30% ferrous sulfate; Treatment 2: 9.00 g of 30% ferrous sulfate was diluted with 30 L of water and sprayed on the leaves of 10 orange trees. One spraying is equivalent to spraying 9.00 g of 30% ferrous sulfate; CK: 30 L of clean water was used to spray 10 orange trees.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a zinc complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of zinc complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate, and then stirring and dissolving 19.0 kg of 34.5% zinc sulfate (Zn34.5%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 131.1 L of plant nutrient solution containing zinc complex, wherein the zinc content is about Zn 2+ 50mg / mL, with a matching rate of 95.3%. Sodium benzoate is added at a mass ratio of 0.1% of the nutrient solution prepared above, and the solution is packaged and sealed for later use.

[0075] The prepared zinc complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone, and in the flowering period of crops, it is sprayed on the leaves or irrigated with roots. Compared with the zinc sulfate solution, it has a significant yield-increasing effect (see Table 5 for the effect). It can also be used with other mineral complexes according to the plant's demand ratio for mineral elements to prepare a plant full-element nutrient solution.

[0076] Table 5 Effect of plant nutrient solution containing zinc complex on garlic yield

[0077]

[0078] Note: 300 garlic seeds were sown in each plot, 4 replicates were made, and the experimental site was Gaoqiao Town, Changsha County. Treatment 1: The zinc content was Zn 2+ 100 ml of 50 mg / ml zinc complex plant nutrient solution (zinc content is 5000 mg, equivalent to 14.5 g of 34.5% zinc sulfate) was added to 50 L of water. 1200 garlic seedlings were irrigated three times continuously, with an interval of 10 days each time. Each plant was irrigated with about 40 ml each time, which was equivalent to 14.5 g of 34.5% zinc sulfate each time.

[0079] Treatment 2: 14.5 g of 34.5% zinc sulfate was added to 50 L of water and irrigated the roots of 1,200 garlic seeds three times, each time equivalent to irrigating 14.5 g of 34.5% zinc sulfate;

[0080] CK: Use 50L of clean water to irrigate the roots of 1,200 garlic cloves three times.

[0081] The following examples only introduce the preparation method and the content of the complexes with the corresponding mineral elements as the central atom.

[0082] Example 6

[0083] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a manganese complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparing soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting the soy sauce mash at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear water soy sauce mash. (e) Preparing a manganese complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear water soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate, and then stirring and dissolving 20.8 kg of 31.8% manganese sulfate (Mn31.8%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 132.0 L of a plant nutrient solution containing a manganese complex, wherein the manganese content is about Mn 2+ 50mg / mL, the compatibility rate is 96.2%.

[0084] The prepared manganese-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone by spraying on the leaves or irrigating the roots during the flowering period of crops, or can be combined with other mineral complexes to prepare a plant full-element nutrient solution according to the proportion of mineral elements required by plants.

[0085] Example 7

[0086] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a boron complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of boron complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate rich in the complex, and then stirring and dissolving 7.1 kg of 17.5% boric acid (B17.5%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 124.2 L of plant nutrient solution containing the boron complex, wherein the boron content is about B17.5%. 3+ 10mg / mL, the compatibility ratio is 97.9%.

[0087] The boron-containing complex plant nutrient solution prepared can be used alone, by spraying on the leaves or irrigating the roots during the flowering period of crops, or can be combined with other mineral complexes to prepare plant full-element nutrient solution according to the demand ratio of plants for mineral elements.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a molybdenum complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of molybdenum complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate rich in the complex, and then stirring and dissolving 12.5 kg of 54% ammonium molybdate (Mo54%) with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 125.0 L of plant nutrient solution containing the molybdenum complex, wherein the molybdenum content is about Mo. 6+ 54mg / mL, with a matching rate of 99.2%.

[0090] The prepared silicon-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone by spraying on the leaves or irrigating the roots during the flowering period of crops, or can be combined with other mineral complexes to prepare a plant full-element nutrient solution according to the proportion of mineral elements required by plants.

[0091] Example 9

[0092] The present invention discloses a plant nutrient solution containing a selenium complex and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: performing strain activation and strain preparation in the same manner as (a) and (b) of Example 1. Preparing Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures in accordance with (c) of Example 1. (d) Preparation of soy sauce mash: mixing 130 kg of the Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae cultures with 100 L of clean water to prepare soy sauce mash, and fermenting at a constant temperature of 55° C. for 3 days to obtain clear soy sauce mash. (e) Preparation of selenium complex: squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear soy sauce mash to obtain about 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate rich in the complex, and then stirring and dissolving 5.5 kg of 44.7% sodium selenite with 120 L of soy sauce mash fermentation filtrate to obtain about 122.9 L of plant nutrient solution containing selenium complex, with a selenium content of about Se. 4+ 20mg / mL, with a matching rate of 99.2%.

[0093] The prepared selenium-containing complex plant nutrient solution can be used alone by spraying on leaves or irrigating roots during the flowering period of crops, or can be combined with other mineral complexes to prepare plant full-element nutrient solution according to the demand ratio of plants for mineral elements.

[0094] Appendix: Test method for the coordination ratio of the above experimental example: The mineral elements of the complex are divided into coordinated mineral elements and ionic mineral elements. After gel chromatography, elution under specified conditions can achieve the separation of coordinated mineral elements and ionic mineral elements, so that the contents of coordinated mineral elements and ionic mineral elements can be measured respectively. The contents of coordinated mineral elements and ionic mineral elements can be measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy respectively, and the integration ratio of the corresponding complex can be calculated.

[0095] That is, the coordination ratio (%) = total amount of coordinated mineral elements / total amount of complex mineral elements × 100%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a plant nutrient solution containing a mineral complex, characterized in that: The method comprises adding mineral nutrient elements required by plants during fermentation of mash or in the mash fermentation filtrate; wherein the mash is obtained by mixing Aspergillus culture and clean water in a ratio of 130kg:90-100L; the mash fermentation filtrate is obtained by fermenting the mash at a temperature of 45-55°C for 3-5 days to obtain clear mash, and the clear mash is obtained by squeezing, clarifying and filtering the clear mash; ferrous sulfate, a mineral with flocculation properties, is added during the preparation of clear mash by fermentation of the mash; the Aspergillus culture and the ferrous sulfate solution are mixed in a ratio of 130kg:90-100L to form an iron-containing complex mash fermentation system, and the concentration of iron in the iron-containing complex mash fermentation system is Fe 2+ 30-40 mg / mL; at least one non-flocculating mineral selected from potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, hyposilicic acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, and sodium selenite is added to the fermentation filtrate of the fermented mash; the Aspergillus includes: Aspergillus niger and / or Aspergillus oryzae.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron-containing complex fermented mash after heat preservation and fermentation is squeezed, clarified and filtered to obtain the iron-containing complex plant nutrient solution; the clear water mash after heat preservation and fermentation is squeezed, clarified and filtered to obtain the mash fermentation filtrate, and then the non-flocculating minerals are added to the mash fermentation filtrate and stirred and dissolved to obtain the corresponding non-flocculating mineral complex nutrient solution, and the complex nutrient solution includes at least one of the following mineral elements, and the concentration limit ranges are respectively: K 1+ 80-100mg / mL, P 5+ 40-50mg / mL, Mg 2+ 30-40mg / mL, Si 4+ 80-100mg / mL, Cu 2+ 20-30mg / mL, Zn 2+ 40-50mg / mL, Mn 2+ 40-50mg / mL, B 3+ 10-20mg / mL, Mo 6+ 40-55mg / mL, Se 4+ 20-30mg / mL.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prepared nutrient solution is added with sodium benzoate at a mass ratio of 0.1%, and the solution is packaged and sealed for later use.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacteria strains needed for preparing the fermented mash undergo the processes of activation, secondary bacteria strain preparation, tertiary bacteria strain preparation, and Aspergillus culture preparation.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The activation, secondary strain preparation, tertiary strain preparation, and final culture preparation process specifically include the following steps: (a) Activation of strains: Prepare PDA slant culture medium, inoculate the Aspergillus strains onto the PDA slant culture medium by aseptic operation, and culture at a constant temperature of 28-32°C for 3-4 days to activate the strains; (b) Preparation of secondary strains: wheat bran and water are mixed at a ratio of 1:0.8-1, and the mixture is placed in a triangular flask in an amount of 1 / 3 of the volume of the flask, stoppered and sealed, and sterilized by high pressure at 121°C for 30-40 minutes. The activated Aspergillus strain is inoculated into the cooled culture medium aseptically, shaken thoroughly, placed horizontally, and cultured at a constant temperature of 28-30°C for 2-3 days until the Aspergillus hyphae cover the entire matrix. When the Aspergillus hyphae form lumps, the flask is closed, and the culture is continued until a large amount of Aspergillus spore powder is produced and the culture begins to change color, which is the secondary strain of Aspergillus; (c) Preparation of tertiary strains: Prepare the wheat bran medium in step (b) in the same manner, mix the secondary strain of Aspergillus with the cooled medium, and culture at a constant temperature of 28-32° C. for 2-3 days until the Aspergillus hyphae cover the entire substrate and turn over when they clump. Continue to culture until a large amount of Aspergillus spore powder is produced and begins to change color, which is the tertiary strain of Aspergillus. (d) Preparation of Aspergillus culture: ① Sterilize and cool a solid culture medium for culturing Aspergillus, the formula being 80-90 kg of at least one of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and rapeseed dregs; 10-20 kg of at least one of wheat bran, flour and second-grade flour; and 100 kg of water; ② Evenly mix the tertiary strain of Aspergillus with the cooled culture medium; ③ Spread the culture medium inoculated with Aspergillus in a koji making pool, control the material temperature at 30-32°C to keep moisture and air permeable, and cultivate for 2-3 days until the hyphae grow all over the substrate, turn over when lumps form, and continue to cultivate until Aspergillus spore powder is produced in large quantities and begins to change color. The culture is the Aspergillus culture.

6. A nutrient solution containing a mineral complex, characterized in that: The method is prepared by any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The use of the mineral complex plant nutrient solution according to claim 6, characterized in that: As a liquid fertilizer for plants, it is used to efficiently add nutrition to plants, increase crop yields, enhance crop resistance, and overcome the danger of toxicity caused by high concentrations of trace elements.

Images