Coal-based soil permeability test device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal-based soil permeability test device, which includes: a support frame, the support frame includes a frame body, and a connecting assembly is provided on the frame body; a test tube, the test tube is connected to the connecting assembly; pipe covers are provided at both ends of the test tube, one of the pipe covers is provided with a water inlet structure, and the other pipe cover is provided with a drainage structure; a laminate for pressing a soil column is provided in the tube cavity of the test tube; a plurality of openings are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the test tube on the side wall of the test tube; a sealing member, the sealing member is provided on the outer wall of the test tube and corresponds to the plurality of openings, a material port is provided on the sealing member corresponding to each opening position, a sealing block is provided at the material port, and the state of the sealing block is changed to open or seal the material port. The present invention discloses a coal-based soil permeability test device, which can ensure that the pressing force used to press the soil remains uniform, which not only saves the production time of the soil column and avoids damage to the soil column, but also effectively improves the accuracy of the soil column experimental data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of soil detection equipment, and more specifically, to a coal-based soil permeability testing device. Background Art

[0002] Coal-based is a type of difficult-to-use industrial solid waste generated during coal mining and processing. The large accumulation of coal-based solid waste not only occupies land area, but also pollutes the surrounding environment such as the atmosphere, water bodies and soil. However, if it is properly handled, it can be turned into treasure. Therefore, a permeability test is carried out on the coal-based soil, that is, the soil column experiment of the coal-based soil. The soil column experiment is widely used in research fields such as agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, and environment. The application of soil column experiments can simulate the hydrological conditions and the migration laws of pollutants in the soil in the laboratory, providing a basis for the management of hazardous wastes and pollution prevention.

[0003] However, when doing soil column simulation experiments in the laboratory, the production of soil columns is not only time-consuming, but also very inconvenient to put the soil columns into the soil column tubes, and it is easy to damage the soil columns. In addition, when making soil columns, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the soil compression force each time, which leads to the problem that the compaction of the compressed soil is different. Therefore, the data of the soil column experiment will inevitably increase the error due to the experimental operation.

[0004] Therefore, a coal-based soil permeability test device is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal-based soil permeability test device to solve the problem that the use effect provided by the traditional coal-based soil permeability test device is not ideal.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a coal-based soil permeability test device, comprising:

[0007] A support frame, the support frame comprising a frame body, and a connecting assembly is provided on the frame body;

[0008] A test tube, the test tube is connected to the connection assembly; tube covers are respectively provided at both ends of the test tube, one of the tube covers is provided with a water inlet structure, and the other tube cover is provided with a drainage structure; a laminate for pressing a soil column is provided in the tube cavity of the test tube; a plurality of openings are provided on the side wall of the test tube at intervals along the axial direction of the test tube;

[0009] A sealing member is provided on the outer wall of the test tube and corresponds to the plurality of openings. A material port is provided on the sealing member corresponding to each of the openings. A sealing block is provided at the material port. The state of the sealing block is switched to open or seal the material port.

[0010] Optionally, the connecting assembly includes a rotating rod, a retaining ring connected to the rotating rod, and a locking mechanism; the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the frame through the locking mechanism, and the retaining ring is connected to the test tube; the locking mechanism is used to limit the rotation of the rotating rod.

[0011] Optionally, the locking mechanism comprises at least three pairs of locking positions spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod, each of the locking positions is provided with a locking plug rod, each of the locking plug rods is connected to the frame body by a sliding fit, and each of the locking plug rods is connected to the frame body with a first spring for resetting the locking plug rod;

[0012] The rotating rod includes an outer sleeve rod and an inner column rod, the inner column rod is connected to the clamping ring, the outer sleeve rod and the inner column rod are at least partially slidably connected, and slots are respectively provided at both ends of a radial direction of the outer sleeve rod. When the rotating rod is rotated to a corresponding position, it is connected with the locking rod at the corresponding position through the slot.

[0013] Optionally, the portion where the outer sleeve rod and the inner column rod are sleeved is a non-rotating structure;

[0014] The slot wall of the slot in the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve rod is a vertical surface, and the slot wall of the slot in the axial direction of the outer sleeve rod is an inclined surface.

[0015] Optionally, the laminating member includes a pressure-applying power member and a laminating plate movably disposed on the pressure-applying power member, and the pressure-applying power member can drive the laminating plate to reciprocate along the axial direction of the test tube;

[0016] The laminate is coaxially arranged with the test tube, and the side wall of the laminate is tightly matched with the inner wall of the test tube, and the laminate is provided with water seepage holes.

[0017] Optionally, a position detection component is provided on the pipe cover provided with the drainage structure.

[0018] Optionally, the sealing member comprises a strip-shaped plate, and the material port is arranged on the strip-shaped plate;

[0019] The strip-shaped patch plate is provided with slide grooves on the opposite sides of the material port, each of the slide grooves is provided with a slidable sealing block with a wedge-shaped surface, and a second spring is provided between the sealing block and the slide groove. Under the elastic force of the second spring, the sealing block seals the material port.

[0020] Optionally, a material plate is further included, which can be detachably connected to the material opening and change the state of the sealing block to open the material opening.

[0021] Optionally, the material plate includes two side plates arranged opposite to each other and a bottom plate connected to the two side plates, and the surface where the bottom plate is connected to the side plates is in an inclined structure;

[0022] At least one end of the two side panels along the length direction is a narrowed opening structure.

[0023] In addition, optionally, a limiting protrusion is provided on a surface of the side plate away from the bottom plate.

[0024] From the above description, it can be seen that the coal-based soil permeability test device provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: through the set test tube, quantitatively evenly divided soil can be added into the test tube in batches, and the soil filled into the test tube each time can be pressed through the laminate, so that the pressing force used for the soil added to the test tube can be kept uniform, which not only saves the time of making the soil column and avoids damage to the soil column, but also effectively improves the accuracy of the soil column experimental data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above-mentioned features and technical advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the following description of its embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a coal-based soil permeability test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic side view of a coal-based soil permeability test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA, and a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another soil compression method;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a locking mechanism of a coal-based soil permeability test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at CC;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at DD;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a material plate of a coal-based soil permeability testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The reference numerals are:

[0036] 1. Frame; 10. Rotating rod; 100. Outer sleeve rod; 101. Inner column rod; 11. Snap ring; 12. Locking mechanism; 120. Assembly locking station; 121. Operation locking station; 122. Discharge locking station; 123. Locking rod; 124. Slot; 2. Test tube; 20. Material port; 21. Seal; 210. Strip plate; 211. Sealing block; 212. Material plate; 213. Side plate; 214. Bottom plate; 3. Pipe cover; 30. Water inlet trough; 31. Drain pipe; 4. Pressure power member; 5. Laminate; 50. Water seepage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same parts are represented by the same figure numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the accompanying drawings. The words "inside" and "outside" used refer to the direction toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a coal-based soil permeability test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A side view structural diagram of a coal-based soil permeability test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 shown.

[0039] A coal-based soil permeability test device provided by the present invention comprises: a support frame, a test tube 2 and a sealing member 21. The support frame comprises a frame body 1, on which a connecting assembly is provided. The test tube 2 is connected to the connecting assembly. Tube covers 3 are provided at both ends of the test tube 2, one of the tube covers 3 is provided with a water inlet structure, and the other tube cover 3 is provided with a drainage structure. A laminate for pressing a soil column is provided in the tube cavity of the test tube 2. A plurality of openings are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the test tube 2 on the side wall of the test tube 2. The sealing member 21 is arranged on the outer wall of the test tube 2 and corresponds to the plurality of openings. A material port 20 is provided on the sealing member 21 corresponding to each opening position, and a sealing block 211 is provided at the material port 20. The state of the sealing block 211 is switched to open or seal the material port 20.

[0040] When the permeability test is carried out by the coal-based soil permeability test device, the quantitatively evenly divided soil can be added into the test tube 2 in batches through the set test tube 2, and the soil filled into the test tube 2 each time can be pressed by the laminate. In this way, the pressing force used for the soil added to the test tube 2 can be kept uniform, which not only saves the time for making the soil column and avoids damage to the soil column, but also effectively improves the accuracy of the soil column experimental data.

[0041] For example, in some feasible embodiments, when a permeability test is performed on coal-based soil, the test tube 2 can be vertically arranged on the frame 1 through a connecting assembly, i.e., a soil column test of coal-based soil. The tube body of the test tube 2 used is usually a round tube structure made of transparent material, and a scale is usually arranged on the tube body to facilitate the observation of the hydrological conditions in the soil and the migration law of pollutants. The material port 20 arranged at each opening position corresponding to the seal 21 is used to input soil during the extrusion process, receive liquid during the experiment, and take samples. The two ends of the test tube 2 are respectively screwed with a tube cover 3. For the convenience of description, the tube cover 3 arranged at the upper end of the test tube 2 can be called the upper tube cover, and the tube cover 3 arranged at the lower end of the test tube 2 is called the lower tube cover. The upper tube cover is usually provided with a water inlet structure, which includes but is not limited to a water inlet trough 30, which is used to draw water into the water body, and the upper tube cover is also provided with a water inlet channel connecting the water inlet trough 30 and the tube cavity of the test tube 2. The lower tube cover is usually provided with a drainage structure, which includes but is not limited to a drainage pipe 31. In a feasible embodiment, a drainage pipe 31 is installed on the outer wall of the lower tube cover, and the drainage pipe 31 is connected to the tube cavity of the test tube 2.

[0042] In order to allow the water to flow smoothly out of the test pipe 2 from the drainage structure, a filter component is provided inside the lower pipe cover. One implementation of the filter component is to lay a 1-2 cm gravel layer inside the lower pipe cover to prevent soil from clogging the drainage pipe 31. In addition, a nylon mesh can be laid between soil layers of any composition, and the mesh size of the nylon mesh can be selected according to the flow direction of the water body and the soil composition.

[0043] When conducting a permeability test on coal-based soil, the water body infiltrates from top to bottom as a benchmark. During operation, the test tube 2 is in a vertical state or a theoretical vertical state, and a certain amount of soil needs to be pressed into a soil column of a preset thickness in the test to improve the accuracy of the experimental data. Then, a certain amount of soil is processed and divided into multiple portions, and each time a portion is taken out and the soil is pressed into a convex column through the laminate, the test tube 2 and the tube cover 3.

[0044] The compaction process of a soil is as follows:

[0045] First, the soil is divided into multiple equal parts, and the first part is placed at the bottom of the test tube 2, that is, it is carried on the lower end cover, which is the tube cover 3 provided with a drainage structure. Subsequently, the laminate moves downward to cooperate with the test tube 2 and the lower tube cover to squeeze the first part of the soil, so as to form a pressing action on the soil. When the soil is pressed into a soil column of the required thickness, the laminate moves upward in the test tube 2, and the height of the laminate moving upward is higher than the thickness of the soil that needs to be filled into the test tube 2 next time.

[0046] Next, after the laminate moves up to the preset distance, the second portion of soil is taken to fill the test tube 2, and then the above-mentioned squeezing action is repeated to form a pressing action on the soil, thus starting to press the soil filled into the test tube 2 for the second time. When filling the second portion of soil, the nylon mesh can be filled in first, and then the soil can be filled in.

[0047] The above soil column pressing process is repeated many times until all the evenly divided soil is pressed into a soil column of a specified thickness in the test tube 2, and water can be pumped into the water inlet trough 30. The permeability test of the coal-based soil begins. Afterwards, the hydrological conditions and the migration patterns of pollutants in the soil are observed through the transparent test tube 2, and the data are recorded. After the test is completed, the data can be analyzed to obtain the results of the coal-based soil permeability test.

[0048] Combination Figures 1 to 3 , see Figures 5 and 6 In some achievable embodiments of the present invention, one achievable manner of the connection assembly is that the connection assembly includes a rotating rod 10, a snap ring 11 connected to the rotating rod 10, and a locking mechanism 12. The rotating rod 10 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through the locking mechanism 12, and the snap ring 11 is connected to the test tube 2. The locking mechanism 12 is used to limit the rotation of the rotating rod 10. When in use, the snap ring 11 is connected to the middle part of the test tube 2, and the snap ring 11 can be driven to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the rotating rod 10, and the test tube 2 can be driven to rotate accordingly when the snap ring 11 rotates. A locking mechanism 12 is provided between the frame 1 and the rotating rod 10, and the locking mechanism 12 is used to limit the rotation of the rotating rod 10.

[0049] In some feasible embodiments, for the laminate and the tube cover 3 arranged in the test tube 2, taking the laminate as an example, if the test tube 2 is always in a vertical or theoretically vertical state, due to the structural relationship of the laminate, it is difficult to install the laminate into the test tube 2 from the lower end of the test tube 2, and the test tube 2 itself also has a certain height, and lifting the laminate to install it from the upper end of the test tube 2 will also bring greater labor intensity and is very inconvenient, so by setting a connecting assembly to connect with the test tube 2, through the rotation of the rotating rod 10, the test tube 2 is driven to deflect with the middle radial direction of the tube body of the test tube 2 as the axis. When the test tube 2 is in a horizontal state or a theoretically horizontal state, no matter which end of the test tube 2 is used to install the laminate into the test tube 2, the work intensity is the same, and the laminate does not need to be lifted very high, which is very convenient for the installation of the laminate. In the embodiment of the present invention, the rotating rod 10 and the clamping ring 11 connected to the middle part of the test tube 2 will rotate synchronously with the rotating rod 10 when the rotating rod 10 is rotated. In this way, the clamping ring 11 can also drive the test tube 2 to rotate synchronously with the rotation direction of the rotating rod 10, thereby improving the convenience of the penetration experiment.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the test tube 2 can stop more stably after rotating to the predetermined position, when the rotating rod 10 rotates to the required predetermined position, the rotation of the rotating rod 10 can be limited by the locking mechanism 12, and the rotation can be locked at the current position, so that the test tube 2 can be stabilized and the position of the test tube 2 can be limited. In the subsequent operation process, the test tube 2 can also be basically in a stable and motionless state. On the one hand, it can facilitate the installation of the components required for the penetration experiment device, and on the other hand, it can improve the safety of the penetration test.

[0051] Continue to see Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some achievable embodiments of the present invention, one achievable manner of the locking mechanism 12 is that the locking mechanism 12 comprises at least three pairs of locking positions spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 10, each locking position is provided with a locking plug rod 123, each locking plug rod 123 is connected to the frame body 1 by a sliding fit, and each locking plug rod 123 is connected to the frame body 1 with a first spring for resetting the locking plug rod 123. The rotating rod 10 comprises an outer sleeve rod 100 and an inner column rod 101, the inner column rod 101 is connected to the clamping ring 11, the outer sleeve rod 100 and the inner column rod 101 are at least partially slidably sleeved, and slots 124 are provided at both ends of a radial direction of the outer sleeve rod 100, and when the rotating rod 10 is rotated to a corresponding position, the slots 124 are inserted into the locking plug rod 123 at the corresponding position.

[0052] For example, the locking mechanism 12 includes but is not limited to an assembly locking station 120, an operation locking station 121 and a discharge locking station 122. The assembly locking station 120 is used to lock the test tube 2 in a horizontal position when the laminate and the end cap are installed. The operation locking station 121 is used to lock the test tube 2 in a vertical position when the soil is filled, pressed and the infiltration experiment is carried out. The discharge locking station 122 is used to lock the test tube 2 in an inclined position when the soil is discharged after the infiltration experiment. The locking mechanism 12 also includes three pairs of locking plugs 123 arranged in parallel along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 10, each pair of locking plugs 123 includes two locking plugs 123 arranged oppositely, and each pair of locking plugs 123 corresponds to a station, each locking plug 123 is connected to the frame 1 by a sliding fit, and each locking plug 123 is connected to the frame 1 with a first spring for resetting the locking plug 123. The rotating rod 10 is composed of an outer sleeve rod 100 and an inner column rod 101 in a sliding plug-in manner, and a slot 124 is respectively provided at both ends of a radial direction of the outer sleeve rod 100 , and the locking plug rod 123 is used for plugging with the slot 124 .

[0053] In order to ensure that the test tube 2 can stop more stably after rotating to the preset position, the test tube 2 is rotated to several different positions for different workstation distinctions. The test tube 2 is locked in a horizontal position when installing the laminate and the end cover as an assembly locking position 120, the test tube 2 is locked in a vertical position when filling, pressing and conducting infiltration experiments on the soil as an operation locking position 121, and the test tube 2 is locked in an inclined position when discharging the soil after the infiltration experiment is completed as a discharge locking position 122.

[0054] When it is necessary to rotate the rotating rod 10 to drive the test tube 2 to rotate, the outer sleeve rod 100 is pushed to move toward the middle of the test tube 2. The outer sleeve rod 100 and the inner column rod can be driven to rotate but can slide relatively freely in the axial direction. One feasible way is that the part where the outer sleeve rod 100 and the inner column rod 101 are sleeved is a non-rotating structure, such as including but not limited to a triangular, rectangular, hexagonal and other polygonal structures.

[0055] The inner column and the frame 1 are rotatably connected, and the slot 124 on the outer sleeve rod 100 will slide with the outer sleeve rod 100 to disengage from the locking plug rod 123. One possible implementation method is that the slot wall of the slot 124 in the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve rod 100 is a vertical surface, and the slot wall of the slot 124 in the axial direction of the outer sleeve rod 100 is an inclined surface. The slot wall of the slot 124 in the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve rod 100 is a vertical surface, which blocks the disengagement of the locking plug rod 123, and in the axial direction of the outer sleeve rod 100, the slot wall of the slot 124 is an inclined surface, so that the locking plug rod 123 can be disengaged from the slot 124 by axially moving the outer sleeve rod 100.

[0056] The rotating rod 10 without the restriction of the locking plug 123 can be rotated under the manual rotation of the user, and the test tube 2 can be rotated to the desired position, and then the next operation can be performed. When the rotation of the rotating rod 10 needs to be restricted, the outer sleeve rod 100 only needs to be pulled away from the middle of the test tube 2. When moving to the corresponding position, the outer sleeve rod 100 will gradually contact the locking plug 123 in the process of moving away from the test tube 2, until the locking plug 123 can be completely plugged into the slot 124 under the elastic force of the first spring, so that the outer sleeve rod 100 cannot be rotated under the action of external force, so the position of the test tube 2 is restricted, thereby locking the position of the test tube 2.

[0057] When the material is locked at the discharge station 122, the test tube 2 is in an inclined state at any angle between 0-90°. In some achievable embodiments of the present invention, preferably, when the material is locked at the discharge station 122, the test tube 2 is in an inclined state at an angle between 30°-45°, such as 45°, so as to prevent the soil mixed with water from suddenly rushing out of the test tube 2 due to gravity when the lower tube cover is opened, and also prevent the test tube 2 from being closer to the theoretical horizontal state, which affects the soil mixed with water from not easily sliding out of the test tube 2. For some soils with high viscosity after mixing with water, the upper end or the lower end of the test tube 2 can be tilted downward, and then the test tube 2 can be pushed out through the laminate, so as to facilitate the cleaning of the soil inside the test tube 2.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned soil pressing method, another soil pressing method is provided. When operating the locking station 121, the test tube 2 is turned 180° and then locked, so that the lower tube cover is on the top and the upper tube cover is on the bottom. Referring to the above-mentioned soil pressing method, the soil column pressing process is repeated multiple times until all the evenly divided soil is pressed into a soil column of a specified thickness in the test tube 2. Then the test tube 2 can be turned 180°, and water is pumped into the water inlet trough 30. The permeability test of coal-based soil begins. After that, the hydrological conditions and the migration laws of pollutants in the soil are observed through the transparent test tube 2, and the data are recorded. After the test is completed, the data can be analyzed to obtain the results of the coal-based soil permeability test.

[0059] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some achievable embodiments of the present invention, one achievable manner of the laminate is that the laminate comprises a pressure-applying power member 4 and a laminate 5 movably disposed on the pressure-applying power member 4, and the pressure-applying power member 4 can drive the laminate 5 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the test tube 2. The laminate 5 is coaxially disposed with the test tube 2, and the side wall of the laminate 5 is closely matched with the inner wall of the test tube 2. To prevent the laminate 5 from hindering the penetration of water, see Figure 7 and Figure 8, a water seepage hole 50 is provided on the laminate 5. The pressure-applying power member 4 includes but is not limited to a screw transmission mechanism, and the laminate 5 is screwed to the screw part of the screw transmission mechanism, because the screw thread of the screw part on the screw transmission mechanism can be set according to the working conditions, so that the moving distance of the laminate 5 can be more accurately controlled, and the forward and reverse rotation of the screw transmission mechanism can realize the simple up and down movement of the laminate 5. The rotation method of the pressure-applying power member 4 includes but is not limited to being driven by a motor.

[0060] The laminate 5 is provided with a plurality of seepage holes 50, and the aperture of the seepage holes 50 can be set according to the flow direction of the water body and the material. The laminate 5 can be removed after the pressing is completed. If the laminate 5 is not removed, the water can seep down through the seepage holes 50. The setting of the laminate 5 can achieve a better sealing effect between the inner wall of the test tube 2 and the side wall of the laminate 5, preventing water from preferentially flowing down along the tube wall, and the laminate 5 will not hinder the penetration of the water body. The laminate 5 can only move along the axial direction of the tube wall on the inner wall of the test tube 2 and cannot rotate. A position detection component is provided on the lower tube cover, and the position detection component includes but is not limited to a position sensor. The pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move based on the detection data of the position detection component.

[0061] In order to further accurately measure the pressing force of the laminate on the soil, in some feasible embodiments of the present invention, a position detection component is provided on the pipe cover 3 with a drainage structure. When the laminate moves, the position detection component can detect the position of the laminate, thereby controlling the action of the laminate. The position detection component includes but is not limited to a position sensor. When the soil is pressed, the laminate first moves downward to squeeze the soil. When the soil is pressed into a soil column of the required thickness, the position detection component detects this signal or the signal is observed by the naked eye, and then the laminate moves upward. The position sensor includes but is not limited to a camera and an infrared sensor. The camera directly performs image recognition to determine the height of the laminate 5 or the soil layer. Since the test tube 2 and the like are transparent, the infrared sensor can judge the height of the soil layer according to the position blocked by the soil. In one feasible way, the position detection component is connected to the motor that drives the pressure power member 4 to rotate, and the motor is controlled to run based on the detection data of the position detection component, thereby driving the pressure power member 4 to drive the laminate 5 to move.

[0062] When conducting a permeability test on coal-based soil, the water body permeates from top to bottom as a benchmark. During operation, the test tube 2 is in a vertical state or a theoretical vertical state, and a certain amount of soil needs to be pressed into a soil column of a specified thickness in the test to improve the accuracy of the experimental data. Then, a certain amount of soil is processed and divided into multiple portions, and each portion is taken and placed between the laminate 5 and the lower end cover or the upper end cover. A soil pressing process is as follows:

[0063] First, the soil is divided into several equal portions, and the first portion is placed at the bottom of the test tube 2, that is, it is carried on the lower end cover. Then, when the pressure-applying power member 4 works, it first drives the laminate 5 to move downward in the test tube 2. The laminate 5 moves downward to squeeze the first portion of the soil to form a pressing action on the soil. When the soil is pressed into a soil column of the required thickness, the position detection component detects this signal or the signal is observed by the naked eye. Then, the pressure-applying power member 4 works to drive the laminate 5 to move upward in the test tube 2, and the height of the laminate 5 moving upward must be higher than the thickness of the soil to be filled into the test tube 2 next time.

[0064] Secondly, after the laminate 5 is driven by the pressure power member 4 to move up a preset distance, the second portion of soil is taken to fill between the laminate 5 and the soil column that has been pressed. When filling the second portion of soil, the nylon mesh can be filled first, and then the soil is filled. Then repeat the above-mentioned squeezing action. When the position detection component is used, the position detection component detects the signal that the soil filling is completed, and transmits the signal to the pressure power member 4. The pressure power member 4 works again to drive the laminate 5 to move down in the test tube 2. The downward movement of the laminate 5 cooperates with the obstruction of the soil column that has been pressed last time to form a pressing action on the soil, so as to start the second pressing of the soil filled into the test tube 2.

[0065] The soil column pressing process is repeated several times until all the equally divided soil is pressed into a soil column of a preset thickness in the test tube 2, and then water can be pumped into the water inlet trough 30 to start the coal-based soil permeability test.

[0066] After the test is completed, when discharging the material, for some soils with high viscosity after mixing with water, the upper or lower end of the test tube 2 can be tilted downward, and then the laminate 5 can be driven by the screw transmission mechanism to move toward the upper end of the test tube 2 to push the soil out of the test tube 2, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the soil inside the test tube 2.

[0067] Furthermore, another method of pressing the soil is to rotate the test tube 2 180° and then lock it when operating the locking station 121, so that the lower tube cover is on top and the upper tube cover is on the bottom. When pressing the soil, first take a portion of soil and fill it between the laminate 5 and the lower tube cover, and then the pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move up and cooperate with the lower tube cover to press the soil. After the soil is pressed into a soil column, the position signal of the laminate 5 is detected by naked eye observation or a position sensor (such as a camera, an infrared sensor) and transmitted to the pressure-applying power member 4, and the pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move down, and the downward movement distance is greater than the thickness of the soil filled in the test tube 2, so that the next portion of soil can be completely filled in the test tube 2. At this time, the sticky soil is squeezed to be clamped or adhered to the lower pipe cover (the lower pipe cover is located on the top at this time), and the next filling of soil is filled between the laminate 5 and the previous soil. The advantage of this is that the gravity of the existing soil during the extrusion process is borne by the soil that has been squeezed most recently, and the extrusion is more uniform. Even the soil with less viscosity is mostly squeezed to be clamped or adhered to the lower pipe cover, avoiding the situation in which the lower soil is subjected to the most pressure and is the strongest in traditional technology.

[0068] Then the position sensor detects the position signal of the laminate 5 and transmits the signal to the pressure-applying power member 4. The pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move upward in the test tube 2. The upward movement of the laminate 5 drives the soil column pressed last to move upward synchronously. The upward movement of the soil column pressed last time and the obstruction of the lower tube cover form a pressing action on the soil, and thus the soil filled into the test tube 2 for the second time begins to be pressed.

[0069] The above soil column pressing process is repeated many times until all the evenly divided soil is pressed into a soil column of a specified thickness in the test tube 2, and then the test tube 2 can be turned 180 degrees, and water is pumped into the water inlet trough 30 to start the coal-based soil permeability test.

[0070] The embodiment of the present invention adds quantitatively evenly divided soil into the test tube 2 in batches, and the distance between the laminate 5 and the end cover is detected by the position detection component. The pressure-applying power member 4 controls the subsequent position movement of the laminate 5 based on the detection data of the position detection component to achieve compression of the soil filled into the test tube 2 each time. In this way, the compression force used for the soil added to the test tube 2 can be kept highly uniform, which not only saves the time for making the soil column and avoids damage to the soil column, but also effectively improves the accuracy of the soil column experimental data.

[0071] See also Figures 1 to 4 ,and Figure 7 and Figure 8In some achievable embodiments of the present invention, one achievable manner of the sealing member 21 is that the sealing member 21 includes a strip plate 210, and the material port 20 is arranged on the strip plate 210. The strip plate 210 is provided with slide grooves on the two opposite sides of the material port 20, each slide groove is provided with a sealing block 211 which is slidable and has a wedge-shaped surface, and a second spring is provided between the sealing block 211 and the slide groove. Under the elastic force of the second spring, the sealing block 211 seals the material port 20. The strip plate 210 is attached to the opening position of the outer tube wall of the test tube 2, and the strip plate 210 seals the edge of the opening position on the test tube 2. The material port 20 on the strip plate 210 is connected with the opening, and the material port 20 cooperates with the opening to input soil during the extrusion process, receive liquid and take samples during the experiment, and the sealing block 211 is used to seal the material port 20.

[0072] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 Two opposite sealing blocks 211 with wedge-shaped surfaces are provided in each material port 20. The strip-shaped patch plate 210 and the sealing blocks 211 are connected by sliding grooves and sliders, and a second spring is connected between the end of the groove and the end of the slider. In the initial state, the second spring provides elastic force for the sealing blocks 211, so that the two opposite sealing blocks 211 are abutted against each other, so that the two oppositely arranged sealing blocks 211 are tightly attached to each other to achieve the purpose of sealing the material port 20.

[0073] Continue to see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,and Figure 7 Figure 8 The coal-based soil permeability test device further includes a material plate 212, which can be detachably connected to the material port 20 and change the state of the sealing block 211 to open the material port 20. One way to open the material port 20 is to insert the material plate 212 into the material port 20 and extend between the two sealing blocks 211 to prop open the two sealing blocks 211 and open the material port 20.

[0074] One way to use the material plate 212 is that when the test tube 2 is in the operation locking position 121, the material plate 212 is not inserted into the feed port 20, the feed port 20 is sealed by the sealing block 211, and when the pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move to a preset position (such as the distance between the laminate 5 and the lower end cover is greater than the thickness of the filled soil in the test tube 2 each time, or the distance between the last pressed soil column and the laminate 5, or the distance between the last pressed soil column and the lower end cover). Then, a material plate 212 is inserted into the material port 20 at a position higher than the thickness of the filled soil in the test tube 2. The material plate 212 is inserted into the material port 20 along the radial direction of the test tube 2. The material plate 212 will squeeze the wedge surface on the sealing block 211. The squeezing force is perpendicular to the wedge surface, and the squeezing force will be decomposed on the wedge surface. One of the decomposed forces is perpendicular to the wedge surface of the sealing block 211. This force is the force that pushes the wedge sealing block 211 to move, and the force is opposite to the direction of the second spring force. As the material plate 212 gradually goes deeper into the material port 20, the two wedge sealing blocks 211 in the same material port 20 gradually move away from each other, so that the material port 20 connects the inside of the test tube 2 with the outside, and then the soil is filled into the test tube 2 from the material port 20. When the pressure-applying power member 4 drives the laminate 5 to move downward or upward, the material plate 212 is first pulled out from the material port 20, so that the sealing block 211 is reset under the action of the rebound force of the second spring to seal the material port 20, which can prevent the soil from being squeezed out of the material port 20 when pressing the soil.

[0075] Furthermore, when conducting a permeability test on coal-based soil, it is sometimes necessary to perform liquid sampling tests at different positions of the soil column. Therefore, when the material plate 212 is inserted into the material port 20 at the position of the test tube 2 containing the soil column portion, the liquid sampling action can also be performed.

[0076] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 , see Fig. 9 One implementation of the material plate 212 is that the material plate 212 includes two side plates 213 arranged opposite to each other and a bottom plate 214 connected to the two side plates 213, and the surface where the bottom plate 214 is connected to the side plates 213 is in an inclined structure. The two ends of the material plate 212 are open. When performing soil filling operations, the lower end of the bottom plate 214 is plugged into the material port 20 at the filling position to facilitate the soil to enter the test tube 2. When performing liquid extraction operations, the high end of the bottom plate 214 is plugged into the material port 20 at the material pressure chamber position to facilitate the liquid to flow out of the test tube 2 and to facilitate flow diversion. In order to further facilitate the docking of the material plate 212 with the material port 20, at least one end of the two side plates 213 along the length direction is a narrowing structure.

[0077] One way to use the material plate 212 is to open and close the material opening 20 to the maximum through the narrowing structure when filling the test tube 2 with soil, so that the soil can enter the test tube 2 faster and is not prone to clogging. At this time, the lower end of the bottom plate 214 is plugged into the material opening 20 at the filling position, and the area of ​​the material opening 20 occupied by the end face of the lower end of the bottom plate 214 is the smallest, and at this time, the soil poured from the high end of the bottom plate 214 can just enter the test tube 2 along the inclined trajectory of the bottom plate 214. When it is necessary to take liquid from different parts of the soil column, the high end of the bottom plate 214 of the material plate 212 is plugged into the material opening 20. At this time, the high end of the bottom plate 214 occupies a larger area of ​​the material opening 20, and the remaining opening is smaller, which can prevent the soil from following the water flow out of the test tube 2. Later, part of the water will flow out of the test tube 2 along the inclined trajectory of the bottom plate 214, thereby minimizing the impact on the accuracy of the soil infiltration test data. When the corresponding operation is completed, the material plate 212 is pulled out, and under the action of the rebound force of the second spring, each pair of sealing blocks 211 approaches each other and abuts against each other to completely seal the material opening 20.

[0078] Furthermore, in order to prevent the material plate 212 from extending too far into the test tube 2, thereby affecting the soil filling effect or taking out part of the soil when taking liquid, a limiting protrusion is provided on the side of the side plate 213 away from the bottom plate 214. The limiting protrusion can limit the distance that the material plate 212 is inserted into the material port 20, ensuring that the material plate 212 extends into the appropriate position of the test tube 2 without affecting subsequent tests.

[0079] From the above description, it can be seen that the coal-based soil permeability test device provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: through the test tube 2, quantitatively evenly divided soil can be added into the test tube 2 in batches, and the soil filled into the test tube 2 each time can be pressed by the laminate, so that the pressing force used for the soil added to the test tube 2 can be kept uniform, which not only saves the time for making the soil column and avoids damage to the soil column, but also effectively improves the accuracy of the soil column experimental data.

[0080] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal-based soil permeability test device, characterized in that: include: A support frame, the support frame comprising a frame body, and a connecting assembly is provided on the frame body; A test tube, the test tube is connected to the connection assembly; tube covers are respectively provided at both ends of the test tube, one of the tube covers is provided with a water inlet structure, and the other tube cover is provided with a drainage structure; a laminate for pressing a soil column is provided in the tube cavity of the test tube; a plurality of openings are provided on the side wall of the test tube at intervals along the axial direction of the test tube; A sealing member, the sealing member is arranged on the outer wall of the test tube and corresponds to the plurality of openings, a material port is respectively arranged on the sealing member corresponding to each of the opening positions, a sealing block is arranged at the material port, and the state of the sealing block is switched to open or seal the material port; The material port provided on the sealing member corresponding to each of the opening positions is used for inputting soil during the extrusion process, receiving liquid during the experiment, and sampling; The laminated member includes a pressure-applying power member and a laminated plate movably arranged on the pressure-applying power member, and the pressure-applying power member drives the laminated plate to reciprocate in the test tube along the axial direction of the test tube; The laminate is coaxially arranged with the test tube, and the side wall of the laminate is tightly matched with the inner wall of the test tube, and the laminate is provided with water seepage holes.

2. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a rotating rod, a clamping ring connected to the rotating rod, and a locking mechanism; the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the frame through the locking mechanism, and the clamping ring is connected to the test tube; the locking mechanism is used to limit the rotation of the rotating rod.

3. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises at least three pairs of locking positions spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotating rod, each of the locking positions is provided with a locking plug, each of the locking plugs is connected to the frame body by a sliding fit, and each of the locking plugs is connected to the frame body with a first spring for resetting the locking plug; The rotating rod includes an outer sleeve rod and an inner column rod, the inner column rod is connected to the clamping ring, the outer sleeve rod and the inner column rod are at least partially slidably connected, and slots are respectively provided at both ends of a radial direction of the outer sleeve rod. When the rotating rod is rotated to a corresponding position, it is connected with the locking rod at the corresponding position through the slot.

4. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The part where the outer sleeve rod and the inner column rod are sleeved is a non-rotating structure; The groove wall of the slot in the circumferential direction of the outer sleeve rod is a vertical surface, and the groove wall of the slot in the axial direction of the outer sleeve rod is an inclined surface.

5. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pipe cover provided with the drainage structure is provided with a position detection component.

6. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sealing member comprises a strip-shaped plate, and the material port is arranged on the strip-shaped plate; Slide grooves are respectively provided on the strip plates on opposite sides of the material port, and the slide grooves are arranged at one end of the strip plates close to the test tube. A slidable sealing block with a wedge-shaped surface is provided in each slide groove, and a second spring is provided between the sealing block and the slide groove. Under the elastic force of the second spring, the sealing block seals the material port.

7. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a material plate, which is detachably connected to the material opening and changes the state of the sealing block to open the material opening.

8. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material plate includes two side plates arranged opposite to each other and a bottom plate connected to the two side plates, and the surface where the bottom plate is connected to the side plates is in an inclined structure; At least one end of the two side panels along the length direction is a narrowed opening structure.

9. The coal-based soil permeability test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting protrusion is provided on a surface of the side plate away from the bottom plate.

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