Heated osmometer

Abstract

The application provides a heating type evaporation and infiltration instrument, and relates to the field of ecological environment detection. The heating type evaporation and infiltration instrument comprises an evaporation and infiltration unit, a detection unit and a water supplementing unit. The evaporation and infiltration unit comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel, a heating module and a weighing sensor. The outer barrel is sleeved on the outer barrel. The top of the inner barrel is provided with a rain collecting opening. The heating piece of the heating module is used for being attached to the inner barrel, and is used for heating the undisturbed soil stored in the inner barrel. The weighing sensor is installed on the outer barrel, and the weighing sensor bears the inner barrel. The detection unit is used for obtaining the test parameters of the undisturbed soil. The water supplementing unit is connected with the evaporation and infiltration unit, and is used for supplying water to the inner barrel. When the heating wire infiltration instrument operates, the difference between the test simulation environment and the actual environment of the undisturbed soil can be reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the test result can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological environment monitoring, and more specifically, to a heated lysimeter. Background Technology

[0002] Research on farmland water balance and water transport in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) system is one of the theoretical foundations for achieving efficient agricultural water use. By directly measuring soil moisture, soil temperature, surface water level, infiltration, and groundwater level, farmland evapotranspiration, capillary rise of groundwater, and soil water infiltration can be calculated. Analysis of these measured soil water cycle records provides crucial information for accurately estimating soil moisture, predicting the occurrence of farmland drought, and assessing crop water stress. Crop evapotranspiration constitutes the largest component of agricultural water use; accurately estimating crop evapotranspiration is fundamental to developing crop irrigation regimes and is key to promoting water conservation in agriculture. It is of great significance for effectively managing agricultural water use, improving agricultural water resource utilization efficiency, and achieving sustainable water resource development and utilization.

[0003] A lysimeter is a large instrument filled with soil, placed in a field (reflecting the natural environment) or greenhouse (artificially simulating the natural environment). The soil surface in the instrument may be bare or planted with various crops. It is primarily used to directly measure farmland evaporation, capillary rise of groundwater, and soil water seepage. Based on the object being measured, this instrument can be divided into two categories: lysimeters for measuring soil water evaporation and groundwater recharge and evaporation meters. Based on the weighing method, it can also be divided into non-weighing and weighing types. Non-weighing lysimeters, which control the groundwater level and measure the amount of compensation water, are also known internationally as drainage lysimeters. They are simple to install and operate, and have low cost, making them widely used in my country. The soil tested by the gravimetric lysimeter is housed in a specially designed steel structure container. The total weight of the soil column is measured by a high-sensitivity, high-precision weighing mechanism. Its structure can be divided into several types: hydraulic, mechanical, and electronic weighing. It can measure evaporation over a short period of time, with high accuracy, but also high cost.

[0004] Lysimeters have become the standard experimental instrument for measuring transpiration and evaporation in farmland, playing a crucial role in studying crop water consumption patterns, calculating crop coefficients, and guiding irrigation strategies. Currently, they are widely used worldwide. However, lysimeter construction is time-consuming, technically complex, and expensive, requiring earthwork excavation, which can impact the surrounding soil and plant growth to varying degrees. Furthermore, soil conditions and plant growth in lysimeter environments differ from those in open fields due to boundary effects such as the instrument wall. Additionally, lysimeters cannot reflect spatial variability caused by natural factors and human activities.

[0005] The inventors discovered that existing lysosomes have at least the following drawbacks:

[0006] The simulated environmental conditions during the operation of the lyoinfiltration meter differ greatly from the actual environmental conditions of the undisturbed soil, resulting in poor accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heated evaporation apparatus that can reduce the difference between the simulated test environment and the actual environment of the undisturbed soil, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0008] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0009] This invention provides a heated dialysis apparatus, comprising:

[0010] The system comprises an evapotranspiration unit, a detection unit, and a water replenishment unit. The evapotranspiration unit includes an outer barrel, an inner barrel, a heating module, and a weighing sensor. The outer barrel is fitted over the inner barrel, and the top of the inner barrel has a rainwater collection port. The heating element of the heating module is attached to the inner barrel to heat the undisturbed soil stored therein. The weighing sensor is mounted on the outer barrel and supports the inner barrel. The detection unit is used to acquire test parameters of the undisturbed soil. The water replenishment unit is connected to the evapotranspiration unit and is used to supply water to the inner barrel.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the outer bucket is mounted on an adjusting bracket, the weighing sensor is mounted on the adjusting bracket, and the inner bucket is mounted on the weighing sensor; the adjusting bracket is used to adjust the levelness of the weighing sensor.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the adjusting bracket includes a base, a mounting plate, a level, and multiple adjusting bolts. The base is installed at the bottom of the outer barrel, the mounting plate is connected to the base via the multiple adjusting bolts, and the level is installed on the mounting plate. The multiple adjusting bolts cooperate to adjust the levelness of the mounting plate. The weighing sensor is installed on the mounting plate.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, an overflow port is provided on the wall of the inner tub, and an overflow groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the inner tub, with the overflow port communicating with the overflow groove; the overflow groove is communicating with the water replenishment unit.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a filter layer is provided at the bottom of the inner tank, and a porous funnel is embedded in the filter layer, which is connected to the water replenishment unit.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the water replenishment unit includes an outer casing, a water storage tank, a first water replenishment pump, a second water replenishment pump, a water replenishment pipe, and a permeation head. The water storage tank is located inside the outer casing. Both the first and second water replenishment pumps are installed inside the outer casing. The inlet of the first water replenishment pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the first water replenishment pump is connected to the water replenishment pipe, which is located above the inner tub. The inlet of the second water replenishment pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the second water replenishment pump is connected to the permeation head, which is located on the wall of the inner tub.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the detection unit includes an equipment box, a mounting frame, a controller, a detector, a drainage pump, and a drainage pipe; the equipment box is connected to the outer barrel, and the bottom of the outer barrel has a water passage hole communicating with the equipment box; the mounting frame is installed inside the equipment box, the controller is installed on the mounting frame, the detector is electrically connected to the controller, and the detector is inserted into the undisturbed soil; the inlet of the drainage pump is connected to the equipment box, the outlet of the drainage pump is connected to the drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected to the water replenishment unit; and the drainage pipe is wound around the mounting frame to allow heat exchange between the water flowing in the drainage pipe and the controller.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the detector includes at least one of a water potential sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the heating module further includes a guide post, a support frame, a driver, and a linkage structure. The guide post is installed at the bottom of the outer tub, and the support frame is slidably connected to the guide post in the axial extension direction of the outer tub. The heating element and the support frame are slidably engaged in the radial direction of the outer tub, and the heating element and the support frame are relatively fixed in the axial extension direction of the outer tub. The heating element cooperates with the linkage structure. The driver is installed at the bottom of the outer tub and connected to the heating element. The driver cooperates with the linkage structure to drive the heating element to switch between a first position and a second position. When in the first position, the heating element is attached to the outer wall of the inner tub, and when in the second position, the heating element is separated from the inner tub.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the linkage structure includes a base rod, a limiting post, an elastic element, a linkage rod, a blocking block, a first reset element, and a second reset element. The base rod is mounted on the support frame and has a sliding hole and a strip-shaped opening communicating with the sliding hole. The length of the strip-shaped opening is in the same direction as the axis of the sliding hole, and the axis of the sliding hole is parallel to the axis of the outer barrel. The limiting post is slidably inserted into the sliding hole, and the elastic element is connected to both the base rod and the limiting post, so that the limiting post tends to move away from the base rod. One end of the linkage rod is connected to the limiting post, and the other end is connected to the blocking block. The linkage rod passes through the strip-shaped opening, and the linkage rod slides back and forth relative to the strip-shaped opening under the action of the limiting post.

[0020] The support frame is provided with a positioning groove, the first reset member is disposed in the positioning groove, the blocking block is embedded in the positioning groove and abuts against the first reset member, the first reset member is used to make the blocking block tend to extend out of the positioning groove; the blocking block is used to abut against the heating element when extending out of the positioning groove, so as to restrict the heating element from moving inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel; the second reset member is connected to both the heating element and the support frame, and is used to make the heating element tend to move inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel;

[0021] When the driver abuts against the heating element, the heating element abuts against the blocking block. The heating element and the support frame move upward toward the bottom of the inner tub together. When the limiting post abuts against the bottom of the inner tub, the limiting post drives the linkage rod to move downward, causing the blocking block to retract into the positioning groove. The driver continues to apply force to the heating element, and the heating element moves inward in the radial direction of the inner tub to fit against the outer wall surface of the inner tub.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0023] In summary, the heating wire evaporator provided in this embodiment, through its structure of an outer and inner barrel, with undisturbed soil placed in the inner barrel, maintains properties largely consistent with soil in a real-world environment, providing a good foundation for the experiment. The undisturbed soil within the inner barrel, with an annular space between the inner and outer barrels, facilitates the placement of various detectors within the detection unit, preventing direct exposure of the detectors to the external environment. This minimizes the impact of external environmental factors on the data collected during the experiment, resulting in more accurate data acquisition. Furthermore, during the experiment, the heating module simulates the ambient temperature. When the heating element of the heating module heats the undisturbed soil sample, it adheres to the outer wall of the inner barrel, directly heating the sample. This makes the temperature environment of the undisturbed soil sample closer to the real-world environment, and the temperature control response is more timely, shortening the time required for temperature control and reducing the impact of temperature control on the properties of the undisturbed soil sample, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heated permeameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a heated permeameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer barrel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the weighing sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the inner barrel and the heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point I;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point II.

[0032] icon:

[0033] 100-Evaporation unit; 110-Outer tank; 111-Water passage hole; 120-Inner tank; 121-Overflow groove; 130-Heating module; 131-Heating element; 1311-Sloping surface; 132-Guide post; 133-Support frame; 134-Driver; 1341-Telescopic cylinder; 1342-Drive tank; 135-Linkage structure; 1351-Base rod; 1352-Limiting post; 1353-Elastic element; 1354-Linkage rod; 1355-Blocking block; 1356-First reset component; 1357-Second reset component; 1358-Positioning groove; 1359-Sliding hole; 1360-Strip opening; 1361-Allowing groove; 1362-Guide groove; 140- Weighing sensor; 150-Cover; 160-Adjusting bracket; 161-Base; 162-Mounting plate; 163-Level; 164-Adjusting bolt; 170-Filter layer; 180-Porous funnel; 190-Air guide pipe; 200-Detection unit; 210-Equipment box; 220-Mounting bracket; 230-Controller; 240-Water potential sensor; 250-Temperature sensor; 260-Drain pump; 270-Drain pipe; 300-Water replenishment unit; 310-Outer casing; 320-First water storage tank; 330-Second water storage tank; 340-Third water storage tank; 350-First water replenishment pump; 360-Second water replenishment pump; 370-Water replenishment pipe; 380-Permeabilizer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Please combine Figures 1-7 In this embodiment, the heated evaporation meter includes an evaporation unit 100, a detection unit 200, and a water supply unit 300. The evaporation unit 100 includes an outer barrel 110, an inner barrel 120, a heating module 130, and a weighing sensor 140. The outer barrel 110 is fitted over the inner barrel 120, and the top of the inner barrel 120 is provided with a rainwater collection port. The heating element 131 of the heating module 130 is used to adhere to the inner barrel 120 and to heat the undisturbed soil stored in the inner barrel 120. The weighing sensor 140 is installed on the outer barrel 110 and supports the inner barrel 120. The detection unit 200 is used to obtain the test parameters of the undisturbed soil. The water supply unit 300 is connected to the evaporation unit 100 and is used to supply water to the inner barrel 120.

[0041] Based on the above, the working principle of the heating wire evaporator provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] The undisturbed soil sample is placed in the inner barrel 120. The various index measuring instruments of the detection unit 200 are inserted into the undisturbed soil sample through the inner barrel 120. After equipment initialization, an evaporation test is conducted. Data is recorded during the evaporation test for subsequent analysis of the undisturbed soil properties. During the test, the simulated ambient temperature is controlled by the heating module 130. When the heating element 131 of the heating module 130 heats the undisturbed soil sample, it adheres to the outer wall of the inner barrel 120, directly heating the sample. This makes the temperature environment of the undisturbed soil sample closer to the real environment, and the temperature control response is more timely, shortening the time required for temperature control and reducing the impact of temperature control on the properties of the undisturbed soil sample, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0043] Meanwhile, due to the structural fit between the inner barrel 120 and the outer barrel 110, there is an annular space between them. This annular space facilitates the placement of various detectors in the detection unit 200 and prevents the detectors from being directly exposed to the external environment. As a result, the data collected by the detection unit 200 during the test is less affected by the external environment, and the data acquisition is more accurate.

[0044] The following embodiments illustrate the detailed structure of the heating wire evaporator of this application.

[0045] Please combine Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, optionally, the outer barrel 110 is a cylindrical barrel with a closed bottom and an open top. A cover 150 is provided at the top of the outer barrel 110. The cover 150 has a conical structure, and an opening in the middle of the cover 150 communicating with the cavity of the outer barrel 110. An adjusting bracket 160 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the outer barrel 110. The adjusting bracket 160 is used to install a weighing sensor 140 and can adjust the level of the weighing sensor 140, thereby adjusting the level of the inner barrel 120. A water passage hole 111 and multiple vent holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the outer barrel 110; the water passage hole 111 is located near the bottom of the outer barrel 110, and the height of the multiple vent holes is higher than the height of the water passage hole 111. A vent pipe 190 is installed at each vent. The vent pipe 190 is located outside the outer barrel 110. The vent pipe 190 can dissipate the moisture and water vapor in the annular space to the outside of the outer barrel 110, that is, dissipate the moisture and water vapor to the outside of the entire equipment.

[0046] Please combine Figure 4Optionally, the adjusting bracket 160 includes a base 161, a mounting plate 162, a level 163, and multiple adjusting bolts 164. The base 161 can be screwed to the bottom of the outer barrel 110. The mounting plate 162 is connected to the base 161 via multiple adjusting bolts 164. The level 163 is mounted on the mounting plate 162. The multiple adjusting bolts 164 work together to adjust the levelness of the mounting plate 162. The load cell 140 is mounted on the mounting plate 162. In other words, the mounting plate 162 is fixed to the base 161 by multiple adjusting bolts 164. By adjusting the support height of the adjusting bolts 164, the levelness of the mounting plate 162 can be adjusted. The levelness of the mounting plate 162 is obtained by the level 163, making the adjustment more intuitive and of higher quality.

[0047] In this embodiment, optionally, the inner tub 120 is a cylindrical tub with a closed bottom and an open top. The inner tub 120 is mounted on the weighing sensor 140. The inner tub 120 and the outer tub 110 are coaxially arranged. The size of the opening at the top of the inner tub 120 is approximately the same as the opening on the cover 150 at the top of the outer tub 110. During rainfall, rainwater enters the inner tub 120 through the opening on the cover 150. An overflow port is provided on the wall of the inner tub 120, located near the top of the inner tub 120. An annular overflow groove 121 is provided on the wall of the outer tub 110 of the inner tub 120. The overflow port communicates with the overflow groove 121, and the overflow groove 121 communicates with the water replenishment unit 300. Meanwhile, a filter layer 170 is provided at the bottom of the inner barrel 120. The filter layer 170 can be composed of gravel and fine sand. Gravel is laid at the bottom of the inner barrel 120, followed by fine sand, with the fine sand filling the gaps between the gravel. Furthermore, a porous funnel 180 is embedded in the filter layer 170. The porous funnel 180 is connected to the water replenishment unit 300. The porous funnel 180 can collect water seeping from the undisturbed soil sample and transport the water to the water replenishment unit 300. By setting up the filter layer 170, the measurement accuracy can be effectively prevented from being reduced due to soil loss as seepage water occurs.

[0048] Please combine Figure 1In this embodiment, optionally, the water replenishment unit 300 includes an outer casing 310, a water storage tank, a first water replenishment pump 350, a second water replenishment pump 360, a water replenishment pipe 370, and a permeation head 380. The water storage tank is located inside the outer casing 310. Both the first and second water replenishment pumps 350 and 360 are installed inside the outer casing 310. The inlet of the first water replenishment pump 350 is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the first water replenishment pump 350 is connected to the water replenishment pipe 370, which is located above the inner casing 120. The inlet of the second water replenishment pump 360 is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the second water replenishment pump 360 is connected to the permeation head 380. The permeation head 380 is located on the wall of the inner casing 120 and embedded within the undisturbed soil sample. Multiple permeation heads 380 can be distributed at different depths within the undisturbed soil sample, thereby improving the uniformity of water replenishment. To better obtain moisture parameters, three water storage tanks are used: a first water storage tank 320, a second water storage tank 330, and a third water storage tank 340. Correspondingly, three first water supply pumps 350 are used, each corresponding to one of the three water storage tanks. Specifically, the first water supply pump 350 connected to the first water storage tank 320 delivers water to the water supply pipe 370, thus supplying water from the top of the undisturbed soil sample; the first water supply pump 350 connected to the second water storage tank 330 is connected to the overflow trough 121; and the first water supply pump 350 connected to the third water storage tank 340 is connected to the porous funnel 180. Meanwhile, the inlet of the second water supply pump 360 is connected to the first water storage tank 320.

[0049] Please combine Figure 1, in this embodiment, optionally, the detection unit 200 includes an equipment box 210, a mounting rack 220, a controller 230, a detector, a drainage pump 260, and a drain pipe 270. The equipment box 210 is connected to the outer barrel 110, and the water passing hole 111 at the bottom of the outer barrel 110 communicates with the inside of the equipment box 210. The mounting rack 220 is installed inside the equipment box 210, the controller 230 is installed on the mounting rack 220, the detector is electrically connected to the controller 230, and the detector is inserted into the undisturbed soil. The drainage pump 260 is installed inside the equipment box 210, the inlet of the drainage pump 260 communicates with the equipment box 210, the outlet of the drainage pump 260 communicates with the drain pipe 270, and the drain pipe 270 communicates with the first water storage tank 320 of the water replenishing unit 300. At the same time, the drain pipe 270 is wound around the mounting rack 220 to perform heat exchange with the controller 230 through the water flowing in the drain pipe 270. With such a design, the water in the outer barrel 110 is introduced into the equipment box 210 and then transported. Thus, the outer barrel 110 and the equipment box 210 are independently designed, and the water in the equipment box 210 is not likely to affect the environmental parameters in the outer barrel 110, so the influence on the undisturbed soil sample in the inner barrel 120 is reduced. At the same time, during pumping, the drainage pump 260 is located in the equipment box 210 and is not directly connected to the outer barrel 110 or the inner barrel 120. The vibration generated during the operation of the drainage pump 260 has little influence on the inner barrel 120 and little influence on the undisturbed soil sample, and the accuracy of the test results is high. It should be understood that a water level gauge can be set on the mounting rack 220 to detect the water level in the equipment box 210 in real time. During the drainage process, after the water passes through the mounting rack 220, heat exchange is performed with the controller 230, which can reduce the heat generated during the operation of the controller 230 and achieve reasonable utilization of resources.

[0050] It should be understood that the detector includes a water potential sensor 240 and a temperature sensor 250. There are two groups of water potential sensors 240. One group is installed on the inner barrel 120 and inserted into the undisturbed soil sample, and one group is inserted into the soil in the external environment. The temperature sensor 250 is installed on the inner barrel 120 and inserted into the undisturbed soil sample. During the test, when the difference between the soil temperature T in the inner barrel 120 and the initial temperature T0 is greater than a positive constant k, the heating sheet 131 attached to the outer wall of the inner barrel 120 is started until the soil temperature meets the system setting requirement |T - T0| < k. When the difference between the measured value M of the water potential sensor 240 in the inner barrel 120 and the measured value of the water potential sensor 240 outside is greater than a positive constant c1, the water replenishing pump in the system water storage tank is started to reversely compensate the soil moisture until M meets the system setting requirement M - M0 < c1; if the difference between the measured value M of the water potential sensor 240 in the inner barrel 120 and the measured value M0 of the water potential sensor 240 outside is greater than a positive constant c2, the heating sheet 131 on the outer wall of the inner barrel 120 is started until M meets the system setting requirement M - M0 > c2.

[0051] Please combine Figure 1 , Figures 5-7 In this embodiment, optionally, the heating module 130 further includes a guide post 132, a support frame 133, a driver 134, and a linkage structure 135. Simultaneously, there are multiple heating elements 131, which are arranged at intervals around the axis of the inner barrel 120. It should be understood that the multiple heating elements 131 can move synchronously under the drive of the driver 134 and the linkage structure 135. Each heating element 131 has the same assembly method. To avoid repetition, this embodiment only describes the assembly method of one heating element 131, and also only describes the movement of one heating element 131.

[0052] Specifically, the guide post 132 is cylindrical and is mounted on the mounting plate 162. The axis of the guide post 132 is parallel to the axis of the inner tub 120. The support frame 133 is slidably connected to the guide post 132 along the axial extension direction of the inner tub 120. The support frame 133 is provided with multiple guide grooves 1362 that mate with multiple heating elements 131. The guide grooves 1362 can be dovetail grooves or T-shaped grooves and extend radially in the outer tub 110. The heating elements 131 are disposed in the guide grooves 1362. The heating elements 131 and the support frame 133 are slidably engaged radially in the outer tub 110, and the heating elements 131 and the support frame 133 are relatively fixed relative to each other along the axial extension direction of the outer tub 110. In this way, the heating elements 131 and the support frame 133 can rise and fall synchronously. For example, when a certain lifting force is applied to the heating elements 131, the lifting force can drive the support frame 133 to rise together. Simultaneously, the heating element 131 cooperates with the linkage structure 135, and the driver 134 is mounted on the mounting plate 162. The driver 134 is connected to the heating element 131, and the driver 134 cooperates with the linkage structure 135 to drive the heating element 131 to switch between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the heating element 131 is attached to the outer wall of the inner barrel 120. In the second position, the heating element 131 is separated from the inner barrel 120 and located below the filter layer 170. That is to say, with the cooperation of the driver 134 and the linkage structure 135, multiple heating elements 131 can be closed inward and attached to the inner barrel 120, and can expand outward away from the inner barrel 120 and descend below the filter layer 170. During heating, the heating element 131 is attached to the outside of the inner barrel 120, resulting in high heating efficiency and a short vacuum period. When heating is not required, the heating element 131 is removed from the inner barrel 120 and located below the filter layer 170. This minimizes the impact on the simulated environment of the undisturbed soil sample caused by the inconsistency in the structure of the inner barrel 120 due to the heating element 131 being attached to the outside of the inner barrel 120. Consequently, there are fewer environmental variables and the test results are more accurate.

[0053] Optionally, the linkage structure 135 includes a base rod 1351, a limiting post 1352, an elastic element 1353, a linkage rod 1354, a blocking block 1355, a first reset element 1356, and a second reset element 1357. The base rod 1351 is fixedly installed on the support frame 133. The base rod 1351 has a sliding hole 1359 and a strip-shaped opening 1360 communicating with the sliding hole 1359. The length of the strip-shaped opening 1360 is in the same direction as the axis of the sliding hole 1359, and the axis of the sliding hole 1359 is parallel to the axis of the outer barrel 110. The limiting post 1352 is slidably inserted into the sliding hole 1359. The elastic element 1353 is connected to both the base rod 1351 and the limiting post 1352, so that the limiting post 1352 tends to move away from the base rod 1351. The elastic element 1353 can be a spring. One end of the linkage rod 1354 is connected to the limiting post 1352, and the other end is connected to the blocking block 1355. The linkage rod 1354 passes through the strip opening 1360 and slides back and forth relative to the strip opening 1360 under the action of the limiting post 1352. The support frame 133 is provided with a positioning groove 1358 and a clearance groove 1361 communicating with the positioning groove 1358. The depth of the clearance groove 1361 is less than that of the positioning groove 1358 and greater than that of the guide groove 1362. The clearance groove 1361 is used to provide the space required for the movement of the linkage rod 1354. The first reset member 1356 is disposed in the positioning groove 1358, and the blocking block 1355 is embedded in the positioning groove 1358 and abuts against the first reset member 1356. The first reset member 1356 is used to make the blocking block 1355 tend to extend out of the positioning groove 1358. When extending out of the positioning groove 1358, the blocking block 1355 abuts against the heating element 131 to restrict the heating element 131 from moving inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel 120. The second reset member 1357 is connected to both the heating element 131 and the support frame 133, and is used to make the heating element 131 tend to move inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel 120. It should be understood that both the first reset member 1356 and the second reset member 1357 can be configured as springs.

[0054] It should be understood that the actuator 134 includes a telescopic cylinder 1341 and a drive barrel 1342. The telescopic cylinder 1341 is mounted on the mounting plate 162, and the drive barrel 1342 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1341. An inclined surface 1311 is provided on the outer side of the heating element 131, and the drive barrel 1342 simultaneously abuts against the inclined surfaces 1311 on the outer sides of multiple heating elements 131. When the drive barrel 1342 abuts against the inclined surfaces 1311, under the lifting force provided by the drive barrel 1342, the heating element 131 tends to move radially from the outside to the inside within the inner barrel 120.

[0055] In this embodiment, the movement of the heating element 131 from the second position to the first position is described as an example. When the heating element 131 is in the second position, it is located below the filter layer 170 and has a radial distance from the inner barrel 120. At the same time, the limiting post 1352 has a distance from the bottom of the inner barrel 120. Under the action of the elastic member 1353, the blocking block 1355 extends out of the slot of the positioning groove 1358, and the heating element 131 abuts against the blocking block 1355, thus restricting the movement of the heating element 131 radially from the outside to the inside of the inner barrel 120. Then, the telescopic cylinder 1341 is activated, driving the barrel 1342 to abut against the heating element 131 and causing the heating element 131 to rise. Since the heating element 131 abuts against the blocking block 1355, it will not move inward, but will move upward together with the support frame 133 towards the bottom of the inner barrel 120. When the heating element 131 drives the support frame 133 to move upward until the limiting post 1352 abuts against the bottom of the inner barrel 120, it continues to provide lifting force. The limiting post 1352 is limited by the inner barrel 120 and descends. The limiting post 1352 drives the linkage rod 1354 to move downward, thereby causing the blocking block 1355 to retract into the positioning groove 1358, and the blocking block 1355 loses its blocking effect on the heating element 131. In this state, the driver 134 continues to apply force to the heating element 131, and the heating element 131 can move inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel 120 to fit against the outer wall surface of the inner barrel 120. In this way, multiple heating elements 131 are simultaneously fitted against the outer wall surface of the inner barrel 120, thereby uniformly heating the undisturbed soil sample in the inner barrel 120.

[0056] After heating is completed, the telescopic cylinder 1341 descends. Under the action of the second reset member 1357, the heating element 131 resets from the inside to the outside. The blocking block 1355 and the limiting post 1352 are reset. The heating element 131 moves downward as it leaves the inner tub 120, minimizing interference with the inner tub 120.

[0057] The heated evaporator provided in this embodiment can reduce the difference between the simulated test environment and the actual environment of the undisturbed soil, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heated dialysis apparatus, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an evapotranspiration unit, a detection unit, and a water replenishment unit. The evapotranspiration unit includes an outer tank, an inner tank, a heating module, and a weighing sensor. The outer tank is fitted over the inner tank, and the top of the inner tank has a rainwater collection port. The heating element of the heating module is attached to the inner tank to heat the undisturbed soil stored therein. The weighing sensor is mounted on the outer tank and supports the inner tank. The detection unit is used to acquire test parameters of the undisturbed soil. The water replenishment unit is connected to the evapotranspiration unit and supplies water to the inner tank. The heating module further includes a guide post, a support frame, a driver, and a linkage structure. The guide post is installed at the bottom of the outer tub, and the support frame is slidably connected to the guide post along the axial extension direction of the outer tub. The heating element is slidably engaged with the support frame in the radial direction of the outer tub, and the heating element and the support frame are relatively fixed relative to each other along the axial extension direction of the outer tub. The heating element cooperates with the linkage structure. The driver is installed at the bottom of the outer tub and connected to the heating element. The driver cooperates with the linkage structure to drive the heating element to switch between a first position and a second position. When in the first position, the heating element is attached to the outer wall of the inner tub; when in the second position, the heating element is separated from the inner tub. The linkage structure includes a base rod, a limiting post, an elastic element, a linkage rod, a blocking block, a first reset element, and a second reset element. The base rod is mounted on the support frame and has a sliding hole and a strip-shaped opening communicating with the sliding hole. The length of the strip-shaped opening is in the same direction as the axis of the sliding hole, and the axis of the sliding hole is parallel to the axis of the outer barrel. The limiting post is slidably inserted into the sliding hole. The elastic element is connected to both the base rod and the limiting post, so that the limiting post tends to move away from the base rod. One end of the linkage rod is connected to the limiting post, and the other end is connected to the blocking block. The linkage rod passes through the strip-shaped opening and slides back and forth relative to the strip-shaped opening under the action of the limiting post. The support frame is provided with a positioning groove, the first reset member is disposed in the positioning groove, the blocking block is embedded in the positioning groove and abuts against the first reset member, the first reset member is used to make the blocking block tend to extend out of the positioning groove; the blocking block is used to abut against the heating element when extending out of the positioning groove, so as to restrict the heating element from moving inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel; the second reset member is connected to both the heating element and the support frame, and is used to make the heating element tend to move inward in the radial direction of the inner barrel; When the driver abuts against the heating element, the heating element abuts against the blocking block. The heating element and the support frame move upward toward the bottom of the inner tub together. When the limiting post abuts against the bottom of the inner tub, the limiting post drives the linkage rod to move downward, causing the blocking block to retract into the positioning groove. The driver continues to apply force to the heating element, and the heating element moves inward in the radial direction of the inner tub to fit against the outer wall surface of the inner tub.

2. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer bucket is mounted on an adjusting bracket, the load cell is mounted on the adjusting bracket, and the inner bucket is mounted on the load cell; the adjusting bracket is used to adjust the levelness of the load cell.

3. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting bracket includes a base, a mounting plate, a level, and multiple adjusting bolts. The base is installed at the bottom of the outer barrel, and the mounting plate is connected to the base via the multiple adjusting bolts. The level is installed on the mounting plate. The multiple adjusting bolts are used to adjust the levelness of the mounting plate. The weighing sensor is installed on the mounting plate.

4. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow port is provided on the wall of the inner tub, and an overflow groove is provided on the outer circumference of the inner tub. The overflow port is connected to the overflow groove, and the overflow groove is connected to the water replenishment unit.

5. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner tank is provided with a filter layer, and a porous funnel is embedded in the filter layer. The porous funnel is connected to the water replenishment unit.

6. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water replenishment unit includes an outer casing, a water storage tank, a first water replenishment pump, a second water replenishment pump, a water replenishment pipe, and a permeation head. The water storage tank is located inside the outer casing. Both the first and second water replenishment pumps are installed inside the outer casing. The inlet of the first water replenishment pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the first water replenishment pump is connected to the water replenishment pipe, which is located above the inner tank. The inlet of the second water replenishment pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet of the second water replenishment pump is connected to the permeation head, which is located on the wall of the inner tank.

7. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes an equipment box, a mounting frame, a controller, a detector, a drainage pump, and a drainage pipe. The equipment box is connected to the outer barrel, and the bottom of the outer barrel has a water passage hole communicating with the equipment box. The mounting frame is installed inside the equipment box, the controller is installed on the mounting frame, the detector is electrically connected to the controller, and the detector is inserted into the undisturbed soil. The inlet of the drainage pump is connected to the equipment box, the outlet of the drainage pump is connected to the drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected to the water replenishment unit. The drainage pipe is wound around the mounting frame to allow heat exchange between the water flowing in the drainage pipe and the controller.

8. The heated dialysis apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detector includes at least one of a water potential sensor and a temperature sensor.

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