A waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device and method, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection; the device comprises a tire crushing system, a sealed feeding system, a pyrolysis reaction system, a cooling and separating device, a cooling and separating device, a carbon black processing system, a combustible gas pressurizing system and a flue gas purification system; the tire crushing system is connected with the sealed feeding system; the sealed feeding system is connected with the pyrolysis reaction system; the tail gas end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected with the flue gas purification system; the upper end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected with the cooling and separating device; and the lower end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected with the carbon black processing system.The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device and method are simple in structure, easy to realize, intensive, low in cost, small in land occupation, high in flue gas heat energy utilization rate, low in electric heating energy consumption and beneficial to wide popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device and method, belonging to the field of environmental protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Over the past few decades, the rapid development of the automotive industry has greatly facilitated people's lives and travel. However, as more and more cars reach the end of their service life, the production of waste tires has also shown a sharp upward trend in recent years. Due to the highly stable molecular structure of rubber and the existence of cross-linked structures between molecules, waste tires possess excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, making them difficult to degrade naturally. In the early days, due to the lack of effective disposal methods, large quantities of waste tires were indiscriminately dumped and landfilled, occupying a large amount of land resources while also posing significant fire hazards and environmental pollution problems. The "black pollution" caused by waste tires has become one of the major environmental problems in today's society, urgently requiring a solution.

[0003] As one of the main methods for treating waste tires, pyrolysis technology has advantages such as high resource utilization and low environmental pollution, and is considered one of the most ideal ways to treat organic solid waste such as waste tires. Waste tire pyrolysis technology originated in the 1980s. Kaminsky et al. are considered pioneers in the research of waste tire pyrolysis technology, and their team proved the feasibility of using pyrolysis technology to treat waste tires to obtain pyrolysis products with high added value. Since then, many scholars have conducted extensive research on waste tire pyrolysis technology, mainly focusing on the modification and upgrading of pyrolysis products, obtaining high-value-added pyrolysis products through co-pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, and other methods. The main products of waste tire pyrolysis include pyrolytic carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis gas. Pyrolytic carbon black can be recycled for tire manufacturing, and pyrolysis oil can be used to prepare fuel oil and chemical products; both have high recycling value. The main components of pyrolysis gas are high-calorific-value small-molecule gases such as hydrogen and methane, which are often used as fuel for energy supply.

[0004] Chinese invention application CN107033941A discloses a tire rubber granule pyrolysis device and pyrolysis process, including a pyrolysis reactor. The top of the pyrolysis reactor is equipped with a rubber granule silo, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis reactor via a central feed trough. The central feed trough has a first and a second gate valve at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The bottom of the pyrolysis reactor is equipped with a sealing bolt conveyor, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the sealing bolt conveyor via an expansion joint. The outlet of the sealing bolt conveyor is connected to a carbon black storage silo. The bottom of the pyrolysis reactor is equipped with an oil and gas outlet pipe, which is connected to a fractionation tower. The bottom of the fractionation tower is connected to a pyrolysis oil tank, and the top of the fractionation tower is connected to a combustible gas outlet pipe, which is connected to a gas generator.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application CN104789254B discloses a pyrolysis device and process for waste tire rubber granules. The pyrolysis device includes: a rubber granule silo, a sealed conveying pipe, a pyrolysis reactor, a screw conveyor, a gas phase conduit, a residue outlet, a fractionation tower, and a motor. The rubber granule silo is located above one end of the pyrolysis reactor; the sealed conveying pipe connects the rubber granule silo and the pyrolysis reactor, and a nitrogen inlet is located in the middle of the sealed conveying pipe; the gas phase conduit is located above the other end of the pyrolysis reactor and connects the pyrolysis reactor to the bottom of the fractionation tower; the residue outlet is located below the pyrolysis reactor; the pyrolysis reactor is a casing consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube, and the screw conveyor is installed inside the inner tube; the motor is located at one end of the pyrolysis reactor and is electrically connected to the pyrolysis reactor.

[0006] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned pyrolysis process are: 1. Low utilization rate of flue gas thermal energy; 2. High energy consumption of electric heating; 3. Complex structure, high cost, large footprint, and low degree of intensification.

[0007] Therefore, providing a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device and method that is simple in structure, easy to implement, intensive, low in cost, occupies little space, has high flue gas thermal energy utilization rate, low energy consumption, and is conducive to widespread application has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device that is simple in structure, easy to implement, intensive, low in cost, occupies little space, has high flue gas thermal energy utilization rate, low energy consumption, and is conducive to widespread application.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0010] A waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device, characterized in that it comprises a tire crushing system, a sealed feeding system, a pyrolysis reaction system, a cooling separation device, a heat dissipation separation device, a carbon black processing system, a combustible gas boosting system, and a flue gas purification system; the tire crushing system is connected to the sealed feeding system, the sealed feeding system is connected to the pyrolysis reaction system, the tail gas end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the flue gas purification system, the upper end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the cooling separation device, the lower end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the carbon black processing system, the top end of the cooling separation device is connected to the heat dissipation separation device, the cooling separation device is connected to a heavy oil storage tank, and the heat dissipation separation device is connected to a heavy oil fraction storage tank, a diesel fraction storage tank, and a gasoline fraction storage tank respectively; the combustible gas boosting system is connected to the heat dissipation separation device, the pyrolysis reaction system, and the flue gas purification system respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the tire shredding system includes a tire cutter, a twister, a shredder, and a magnetic separator. The tire cutter is connected to the twister, the twister is connected to the shredder via a belt conveyor, and the shredder is connected to the magnetic separator.

[0012] Preferably, the sealed feeding system includes a motor, a reducer, a feed inlet, a cylinder, a water outlet, a jacket, a spiral shaft, spiral blades, a discharge port, a water inlet, a hopper, and a discharge switch; the discharge switch is located at the bottom of the hopper, the reducer motor is connected to a gearbox, the gearbox is screwed to the spiral shaft, the spiral shaft is located inside the cylinder, the feed inlet is located at the end of the cylinder near the gearbox, the jacket is sleeved with the cylinder, the water inlet is located at the bottom of the jacket, and the water outlet is located at the top of the jacket. The jacket, the water inlet, and the water outlet constitute a cooling structure, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively connected to a cooling water system; the spiral shaft has a rotating shaft and spiral blades wound on the rotating shaft, and the discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder and the jacket.

[0013] Preferably, there are three discharge ports arranged in sequence, each with a trapezoidal structure and increasing in size sequentially.

[0014] Preferably, the cylindrical body has a conical structure with an inclination of 2°-3°.

[0015] Preferably, the jacket has a conical structure with an inclination of 2°-3°.

[0016] Preferably, the spiral shaft has a conical structure with an inclination of 2°-3°.

[0017] Preferably, the spiral blade has an overall conical structure with an inclination of 2°-3°.

[0018] Preferably, the pyrolysis reaction system includes four burners, four combustion chambers, and three pyrolysis reactors. The four burners are installed at the bottom of the four combustion chambers, and the pyrolysis reactors are installed in the middle of the combustion chambers.

[0019] Preferably, the pyrolysis reactor includes a pyrolysis reaction chamber, a rotary feeder, a mesh bag filter, an expansion buffer plate, a heating pipe, a heat dissipation plate, and an exhaust port; the end cap is located at the upper end of the cylinder and is connected to the top of the cylinder, the cone is located at the lower end of the cylinder and is connected to the lower end of the cylinder, the feed inlet is located on one side of the upper part of the cylinder, the vent is located on the left side of the end cap, the exhaust port is located on the right side of the end cap, the water jacket is sleeved with the cone, the mesh bag filter is located at the lower end of the cone, and the heating pipe is installed in the middle of the cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the heating tubes are arranged in three rows, installed in the upper middle, middle and lower middle parts of the cylinder, respectively, with three, six and nine tubes in total.

[0021] Preferably, there are 12 heat sinks: three arranged in a herringbone pattern along the center line, three heat sinks tilted to the right from top to bottom on the left side with an inclination angle of 30°-50°, and three heat sinks tilted to the left from top to bottom on the right side with an inclination angle of 30°-50°.

[0022] Preferably, the heat sink is rectangular and has five rows and five columns of heat dissipation holes, which are also rectangular.

[0023] Preferably, the mesh bag filter includes a filter body, an oil outlet, and a carbon black outlet. The oil outlet is located on one side of the filter body, and the carbon black outlet is located at the bottom of the filter body. The filter body has a built-in filter screen.

[0024] Preferably, the exhaust port of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the cylinder of the cooling separation device via a pipe; the carbon black outlet of the mesh bag filter in the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the carbon black processing system.

[0025] Preferably, the cooling and separation device includes a first air inlet, a first steam purging, a second steam purging, a first water inlet, an oil filter, an oil outlet, a carbon black outlet, a wire mesh filter, a water jacket, a cylinder, a first water outlet, and a first air outlet; the first air inlet is located on the upper middle part of one side of the cone, the first air outlet is located at the top of the end cap, the end cap is located at the top of the cylinder, the wire mesh filter is installed inside the cylinder, the cone is installed at the bottom of the cylinder, the carbon black outlet is located at the bottom of the cone, the water jacket is sleeved with the cylinder, the first water outlet is located at the upper part of the water jacket, the first water inlet is located at the lower part of the water jacket, the first steam purging is located on one side of the lower middle part of the cylinder, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter, the second steam purging is located on the other side of the lower middle part of the cylinder, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter, the first steam purging and the second steam purging are symmetrically arranged, and the first steam purging and the second steam purging are respectively connected to a steam generator; the oil filter is a wire mesh structure, including an oil filter body, an oil outlet, and a carbon black outlet.

[0026] Preferably, the first air outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the cooling separation device via a pipeline, the carbon black outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the carbon black collection device, and the oil outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the heavy oil storage tank.

[0027] Preferably, the cooling separation device includes a second air inlet, a primary cooling structure, a second water inlet, a second water outlet, a first oil-gas separator, a second oil-gas separator, a heavy oil fraction outlet, a secondary cooling structure, a third water inlet, a third water outlet, a second air outlet, a tertiary cooling structure, a fourth water inlet, a fourth water outlet, a gasoline fraction outlet, and a diesel fraction outlet; the second air inlet is located on the upper side of the oil cooling device, the exhaust port is located at the top of the oil cooling device, the thermometer and pressure gauge are installed on the upper part of the primary cooling structure, the second water inlet is located on the lower side of the primary cooling structure, and the second water outlet is located on the upper other side of the primary cooling structure; the first oil-gas separation structure is located between the primary cooling structure and the secondary cooling structure, and includes a first oil-gas separator, a first vent located on the upper side of the first oil-gas separator structure, and a steam purge port located on the first oil-gas separator structure. On one side of the middle section, the heavy oil fraction outlet is located on the lower side of the first oil-gas separator structure; a thermometer and pressure gauge are installed on the upper part of the secondary cooling structure, the third water inlet is located on the lower side of the secondary cooling structure, and the third water outlet is located on the upper side of the secondary cooling structure; the second oil-gas separator structure is located below the secondary cooling structure and is equipped with a second oil-gas separator, the second vent is located on the upper side of the second oil-gas separator structure, the second vent is connected to the second oil-gas separator through a curved pipe, the second oil-gas separator is connected to the tertiary cooling structure, the diesel fraction outlet is located on the upper side of the second oil-gas separator structure, the fourth water inlet is located on the bottom side of the tertiary cooling structure, and the fourth water outlet is located on the top side of the tertiary cooling structure; the gasoline fraction outlet is located on the lower side of the third oil-gas separator structure, and the drain outlet is located at the lower bottom of the third oil-gas separator structure.

[0028] Preferably, the combustible gas booster system includes a Roots blower, a gas storage tank, and a first low-NOx burner and a second low-NOx burner; the second outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the gas storage tank through the Roots blower, and the pyrolysis gas from the gas storage tank first enters the first low-NOx burner, which is connected to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis system; the remaining pyrolysis gas enters the second low-NOx burner, which is connected to the steam generator.

[0029] Preferably, the carbon black processing system includes a discharge port, a carbon black buffer tank, a rotary valve, rollers, a vibrating screen, a cooling structure, and a discharge port. The discharge port is located at the top of the carbon black buffer tank, which is fitted with a jacket. The lower part of the carbon black buffer tank is a cone, and the lower end of the cone is connected to a separation structure through the rotary valve. The separation structure includes rollers, a vibrating screen, a cooling structure, and a discharge port. The rollers are located at the upper end of the separation structure, and there are three rollers arranged in a triangle. The vibrating screen is located below the rollers. The separation structure is equipped with a cooling structure, and the discharge port is located at the lower end of the separation structure.

[0030] Preferably, the flue gas purification system includes a steam generator, an SCR denitrification section, a tube-and-shell cooling structure, an integrated processor, a dust collector, an induced draft fan, a desulfurization tower, and a circulating pump; the steam generator is connected to the SCR denitrification section, the SCR denitrification section is connected to the tube-and-shell cooling structure, the tube-and-shell cooling structure is connected to the dust collector through the integrated processor, the dust collector is connected to the desulfurization tower through the induced draft fan, and the circulating pump is connected to the desulfurization tower.

[0031] Another objective of this invention is to provide a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification method that is simple in structure, easy to implement, intensive, low in cost, requires little space, has high flue gas thermal energy utilization rate, low energy consumption, and is conducive to widespread application.

[0032] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0033] A method for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste tires or rubber, comprising the following steps:

[0034] (1) Crushing and feeding

[0035] Waste tires are fed into a tire cutting machine and a twisting machine in sequence, and then sent to a tire shredder via a belt conveyor to be crushed into small pieces of about 5 centimeters. Then, the fine steel wires in the rubber pieces are separated by a magnetic separator, and then the pieces are vibrated and screened by a vibrating conveyor. The magnetic separator separates the steel wires from the tire rubber powder, and the material that passes through the screen is rubber granules.

[0036] Rubber granules are conveyed into the hopper by a belt conveyor. There is a discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. The material enters the belt scale, which displays the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate while conveying the material and then conveys the material to the sealed feeder to complete the feeding process.

[0037] (2) Pyrolysis reaction

[0038] The pyrolysis reaction device includes a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber provides heat energy to heat the pyrolysis chamber to meet the heat requirements of the pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis chamber is equipped with heat dissipation plates and heating pipes to improve heat transfer efficiency. A rotary feeder is installed to disperse the falling material, and an expansion buffer plate is installed to buffer the deformation of the pyrolysis chamber cylinder.

[0039] (3) Cooling and separation

[0040] There is an oil and gas outlet above the cracking chamber. The oil and gas produced by cracking first enter the cooling separator to initially remove carbon black powder. The oil and gas components continue to enter the cooling separation unit (distillation separator), which uses three-stage cooling with circulating cooling water, and then enter the heavy oil fraction storage tank, diesel fraction storage tank, and gasoline fraction storage tank respectively.

[0041] (4) Oil storage

[0042] Different types of oil storage tanks are installed: heavy oil fraction storage tanks, diesel fraction storage tanks, and gasoline fraction storage tanks;

[0043] (5) Combustible gas booster

[0044] The non-condensable gas generated after the cooler cools the cracked oil is pressurized by a Roots blower and enters the storage tank. Then, it enters the low-NOx burner for combustion to meet the heating requirements of the cracking reaction unit.

[0045] (6) Flue gas purification

[0046] After the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of cracked gas in the burner is discharged, it enters the steam generator to initially cool the flue gas, the denitrification reactor to denitrify it, the comprehensive processor to treat tar and odor, and after dust removal by the dust collector, it is further sent to the flue gas desulfurization tower by the induced draft fan to fully contact with the desulfurization circulating liquid, so that the flue gas is purified and discharged in compliance with standards.

[0047] (7) Carbon black processing

[0048] The pyrolysis carbon black is continuously discharged through a rotary discharge valve and sent to a carbon black storage tank. It then enters a roller crusher, a vibrating screen, and a cooling chamber in sequence. Finally, the carbon black is transported to the carbon black processing workshop for further granulation.

[0049] (8) Cooling water circulation

[0050] In the overall process, there are equipment that needs to be cooled by water cooling. Low-temperature cooling water enters the equipment that needs to be cooled and is heated up. It then flows out from the high-temperature outlet. After the various heated cooling water pipelines converge, they enter the cooling tower for cooling. The cooled water then enters the various branch pipelines to meet the cooling water needs of each piece of equipment.

[0051] (9) Automated control

[0052] The DCS completes the functions of operation control, operating parameter control, equipment switching control, system self-diagnosis, alarm protection, etc. The control system is equipped with a complete set of interlocking alarm functions, mainly including: tire particle addition amount, pyrolysis chamber temperature, pressure, combustion chamber temperature, tank liquid level, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis gas flow rate, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis oil flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon black production, circulating water temperature, pressure.

[0053] Preferably, the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis unit enters the cooling and separation unit, and after being cooled by the primary cooling structure, the secondary cooling structure and the tertiary cooling structure in sequence, the combustible gas enters the combustion section; different grades of pyrolysis oil are discharged from the heavy oil fraction outlet, the diesel fraction outlet and the gasoline fraction outlet respectively, and after further cooling, they enter the storage tank. Beneficial effects

[0054] The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device and method of the present invention have a simple structure, are easy to implement, are intensive, have low cost, occupy little space, have high flue gas thermal energy utilization rate, and low electric heating energy consumption, which is conducive to widespread application.

[0055] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not imply any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tire crushing system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sealed feeding system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis reaction system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling and separation device in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling and separation device in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon black processing system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0063] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0064] 1. Tire shredding system 2. Sealed feeding system

[0065] 3. Pyrolysis reaction system; 4. Cooling and separation device

[0066] 5 Cooling and separation device 6 Carbon black processing system

[0067] 7 Roots blower 8 Gas storage tank

[0068] 9-1 First low-NOx burner; 9-2 Second low-NOx burner

[0069] 10 Steam generator 11 SCR denitrification section

[0070] 12. Tube-type cooling structure 13. Integrated processor

[0071] 14 Dust collector 15 Exhaust fan

[0072] 16 Desulfurization tower 17 Circulation pump

[0073] 18 Heavy oil storage tank 19 Heavy oil fraction storage tank

[0074] 20 Diesel fraction storage tank; 21 Gasoline fraction storage tank

[0075] 1-1 Ring cutting machine 1-2 Twisting machine

[0076] 1-3 Shredder 1-4 Magnetic Separator

[0077] 2-1 Motor 2-2 Reducer

[0078] 2-3 Feed inlet 2-4 Cylinder body

[0079] 2-5 Outlet 2-6 Jacket

[0080] 2-7 Helical shaft 2-8 Helical blades

[0081] 2-9 Feed port 2-10 Water inlet

[0082] 2-11 Hopper 2-12 Discharge Switch

[0083] 3-1 Pyrolysis reaction chamber 3-2 Rotary feeder

[0084] 3-3 Mesh bag filter 3-4 Expansion buffer plate

[0085] 3-5-1 Third heating element; 3-5-2 Second heating element

[0086] 3-5-3 First heating element; 3-6 Heat sink

[0087] 3-7 Exhaust port 4-1 First air intake port

[0088] 4-2-1 First Steam Purging 4-2-2 Second Steam Purging

[0089] 4-3 First Inlet 4-4-1 Oil Filter

[0090] 4-4-2 Oil Export 4-4-3 Carbon Black Export

[0091] 4-5 Wire mesh filter 4-6 Water jacket

[0092] 4-7 Cylinder body 4-8 First outlet

[0093] 4-9 First air outlet 5-1 Second air inlet

[0094] 5-2 Primary cooling structure 5-3 Second water inlet

[0095] 5-4-1 Second outlet 5-5-1 First oil-gas separator

[0096] 5-5-2 Second oil-gas separator; 5-6 Heavy oil fraction outlet

[0097] 5-7 Two-stage cooling structure 5-8 Third water inlet

[0098] 5-4-2 Third water outlet; 5-9 Second air outlet

[0099] 5-10 Three-stage cooling structure; 5-11 Fourth water inlet.

[0100] 5-12 Fourth water outlet; 5-13 Gasoline fraction outlet

[0101] 5-14 Diesel fraction outlet; 6-1 Material discharge port

[0102] 6-2 Carbon black buffer tank 6-3 Rotary valve

[0103] 6-4 rollers, 6-5 vibrating screen

[0104] 6-6 Cooling structure 6-7 Discharge port Detailed Implementation

[0105] Unless otherwise specified, all components used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional components that are commercially available in this technical field, and the connections between components are conventional connections. Example

[0106] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the tire shredding system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the sealed feeding system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the pyrolysis reaction system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown... Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the cooling and separation device in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification apparatus of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown... Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the cooling and separation device in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; as shown Figure 7The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the carbon black processing system in the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, 1 is the tire crushing system, 2 is the sealed feeding system, 3 is the pyrolysis reaction system, 4 is the cooling separation device, 5 is the cooling separation device, 6 is the carbon black processing system, 7 is the Roots blower, 8 is the gas storage tank, 9-1 is the first low-NOx burner, 9-2 is the second low-NOx burner, 10 is the steam generator, 11 is the SCR denitrification section, 12 is the tube cooling structure, 13 is the integrated processor, 14 is the dust collector, 15 is the induced draft fan, 16 is the desulfurization tower, 17 is the circulating pump, and 18 is the heavy oil storage tank. Tanks: 19 is a heavy oil fraction storage tank, 20 is a diesel fraction storage tank, 21 is a gasoline fraction storage tank, 1-1 is a ring cutter, 1-2 is a twisting machine, 1-3 is a shredder, 1-4 is a magnetic separator, 2-1 is a motor, 2-2 is a reducer, 2-3 is a feed inlet, 2-4 is a cylinder, 2-5 is a water outlet, 2-6 is a jacket, 2-7 is a screw shaft, 2-8 is a screw blade, 2-9 is a discharge port, 2-10 is a water inlet, 2-11 is a hopper, 2-12 is a discharge switch, 3-1 is a cracking reaction chamber, 3-2 is a rotary feeder, 3-3 is a mesh bag filter, 3-4 is an expansion buffer plate, 3-5... 1 is the third heating element, 3-5-2 is the second heating element, 3-5-3 is the first heating element, 3-6 is the heat sink, 3-7 is the exhaust port, 4-1 is the first air inlet, 4-2-1 is the first steam purging, 4-2-2 is the second steam purging, 4-3 is the first water inlet, 4-4-1 is the oil filter, 4-4-2 is the oil outlet, 4-4-3 is the carbon black outlet, 4-5 is the wire mesh filter, 4-6 is the water jacket, 4-7 is the cylinder, 4-8 is the first water outlet, 4-9 is the first air outlet, 5-1 is the second air inlet, 5-2 is the primary cooling structure, 5-3 is the second water inlet, 5-4- 1 is the second water outlet, 5-5-1 is the first oil-gas separator, 5-5-2 is the second oil-gas separator, 5-6 is the heavy oil fraction outlet, 5-7 is the secondary cooling structure, 5-8 is the third water inlet, 5-4-2 is the third water outlet, 5-9 is the second air outlet, 5-10 is the tertiary cooling structure, 5-11 is the fourth water inlet, 5-12 is the fourth water outlet, 5-13 is the gasoline fraction outlet, 5-14 is the diesel fraction outlet, 6-1 is the material discharge port, 6-2 is the carbon black buffer tank, 6-3 is the rotary valve, 6-4 is the roller, 6-5 is the vibrating screen, 6-6 is the cooling structure, and 6-7 is the material outlet.

[0107] The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a tire crushing system 1, a sealed feeding system 2, a pyrolysis reaction system 3, a cooling and separation device 4, a cooling and separation device 5, a carbon black processing system 6, a combustible gas pressurization system, and a flue gas purification system. The tire crushing system 1 is connected to the sealed feeding system 2, the sealed feeding system 2 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction system 3, the tail gas end of the pyrolysis reaction system 3 is connected to the flue gas purification system, and the upper end of the pyrolysis reaction system 3 is connected to the cooling and separation device 4. The lower end of the reaction system 3 is connected to the carbon black processing system 6, the upper end of the cooling separation device 4 is connected to the cooling separation device 5, the cooling separation device 4 is connected to the heavy oil storage tank 18, and the cooling separation device 5 is connected to the heavy oil fraction storage tank 19, the diesel fraction storage tank 20, and the gasoline fraction storage tank 21 respectively; the combustible gas boosting system is connected to the second gas outlet 5-9 in the cooling separation device 5, the first low-NOx burner 9-1 in the pyrolysis reaction system 3, and the second low-NOx burner 9-2 in the flue gas purification system respectively;

[0108] The tire shredding system 1 includes a tire cutter 1-1, a twister 1-2, a shredder 1-3, and a magnetic separator 1-4. The tire cutter 1-1 is connected to the twister 1-2. The twister 1-2 is connected to the shredder 1-3 via a belt conveyor. The shredder 1-3 is connected to the magnetic separator 1-4.

[0109] The sealed feeding system 2 includes a motor 2-1, a reducer 2-2, a feed inlet 2-3, a cylinder 2-4, a water outlet 2-5, a jacket 2-6, a screw shaft 2-7, screw blades 2-8, a discharge port 2-9, a water inlet 2-10, a hopper 2-11, and a discharge switch 2-12. The discharge switch 2-12 is located at the bottom of the hopper 2-11. The reducer motor 2-2 is connected to a gearbox, which is screwed to the screw shaft 2-7. The screw shaft 2-7 is located inside the cylinder 2-4. The feed inlet 2-3 is located at the end of the cylinder 2-4 near the gearbox. The jacket 2-6 is sleeved onto the cylinder 2-4. The inlet 2-10 is located at the lower part of the jacket 2-6, and the outlet 2-5 is located at the upper part of the jacket 2-6. The jacket 2-6, the inlet 2-10, and the outlet 2-5 constitute a cooling structure. The inlet 2-10 and the outlet 2-5 are respectively connected to the cooling water system. The spiral shaft 2-7 has a rotating shaft and spiral blades 2-8 wound on the rotating shaft. The lower part of the cylinder 2-4 and the jacket 2-6 is provided with three discharge ports 2-9. The three discharge ports 2-9 are arranged in sequence, all of which are trapezoidal structures and increase in size in sequence: the dimensions of the first discharge port 2-9 are: bottom 150mm, top 130mm, waist 600mm; the dimensions of the second discharge port 2-9 are: bottom 250mm, top 230mm, waist 650mm; the dimensions of the third discharge port 2-9 are: bottom 350mm, top 330mm, waist 700mm.

[0110] The cylinders 2-4 are conical structures with an inclination of 2°-3°, a diameter of 800mm at the left end, a diameter of 600mm at the right end, and a length of 2800mm.

[0111] The jackets 2-6 are tapered structures with an inclination of 2°-3°, a diameter of 880mm at the left end, a diameter of 680mm at the right end, and a length of 2880mm.

[0112] The spiral shafts 2-7 are tapered structures with an inclination of 2°-3°, a diameter of 300mm at the left end, a diameter of 70mm at the right end, and a length of 2650mm.

[0113] The spiral blades 2-8 are generally conical in shape with an inclination of 2°-3°, a diameter of 600mm at the left end, a diameter of 260mm at the right end, and a length of 2650mm.

[0114] The sealed feeding system of this invention is equipped with three sequentially arranged discharge ports 2-9, each with a trapezoidal, elliptical, circular, or triangular structure, ensuring uniform material distribution and preventing material accumulation, thereby further improving the reaction rate of the pyrolysis reaction chamber. The cooling structure formed by the jacket 2-6, the water inlet 2-10, and the water outlet 2-5 ensures adaptability to high-temperature environments and prevents the spiral shaft from easily deforming or bending. The conical cylinder 2-4, the conical jacket 2-6, the conical spiral shaft 2-7, and the conical spiral blades 2-8 constitute a sealed structure, significantly improving the sealing performance of the sealed feeding system.

[0115] The sealed feeding system of the present invention is suitable for waste tire rubber pyrolysis and gasification devices. The material is evenly distributed and sprinkled, making it less likely to accumulate. This further improves the reaction rate in the pyrolysis chamber, adapts to high-temperature environments, avoids easy deformation and bending of the spiral shaft, and further improves the sealing effect.

[0116] The pyrolysis reaction system 3 includes four burners, four combustion chambers, and three pyrolysis reactors. The four burners are installed at the bottom of the four combustion chambers, and the pyrolysis reactors are installed in the middle of the combustion chambers. The pyrolysis reactor includes a pyrolysis reaction chamber 3-1, a rotary feeder 3-2, a mesh bag filter 3-3, an expansion buffer plate 3-4, a third heating tube 3-5-1, a second heating tube 3-5-2, a first heating tube 3-5-3, a heat dissipation plate 3-6, and an exhaust port 3-7. The end cap is located at the upper end of the cylinder and is connected to the top of the cylinder. The body is located at the lower end of the cylinder, the cone is connected to the lower end of the cylinder, the feed inlet is located on one side of the upper part of the cylinder, the vent is located on the left side of the end cap, the manhole is located in the middle of the end cap, the exhaust port 3-7 is located on the right side of the end cap, the water jacket is sleeved with the cone, the mesh bag filter 3-3 is located at the lower end of the cone, the first heating tube 3-5-3 is installed in the upper middle part of the cylinder, the second heating tube 3-5-2 is installed in the middle part of the cylinder, and the third heating tube 3-5-1 is installed in the lower middle part of the cylinder. In this embodiment 1, a total of 18 heating tubes are provided, and their arrangement is as follows: Figure 4 As shown: There are three first heating tubes 3-5-3 installed in the upper middle part of the cylinder, with a diameter of φ90mm and a tube spacing of 550mm. There are six second heating tubes 3-5-2 installed in the middle of the cylinder, with a diameter of φ45mm and a tube spacing of 300mm. The third heating tube 3-5-1 is welded to the expansion buffer plate 3-4, which is connected (welded) to the lower middle part of the cylinder. The expansion buffer plate 3-4 is made of 310S or 304SS and has a size of 2680mm*400mm. There are nine third heating tubes 3-5-1, with a diameter of φ25mm and a tube spacing of 250mm. The heat dissipation plate 3-6 is installed inside the cylinder. In this embodiment 1, there are a total of 12 heat dissipation plates, arranged as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown: Three herringbone-shaped heat dissipation plates are arranged along the center line. On the left side, three heat dissipation plates are arranged from top to bottom, tilting to the right at an angle of 45 degrees. On the right side, three heat dissipation plates are arranged from top to bottom, tilting to the left at an angle of 45 degrees. The heat dissipation plates 3-6 are rectangular and have five rows and five columns of heat dissipation holes. The heat dissipation holes are rectangular. The mesh bag filter 3-3 includes a filter body, an oil outlet, and a carbon black outlet. The oil outlet is located on one side of the filter body, and the carbon black outlet is located at the bottom of the filter body. The filter body has a built-in filter screen.

[0117] The exhaust port 3-7 in the pyrolysis reaction system 3 is connected to the cylinder 4-7 in the cooling separation device 4 via a pipeline; the carbon black outlet of the mesh bag filter 3-3 in the pyrolysis reaction system 3 is connected to the carbon black processing system 6.

[0118] The pyrolysis reaction system 3 in this invention has a mesh bag filter structure, which is simple in structure, uniform in material distribution, and does not easily form material accumulation. It also provides more uniform heat transfer, further improving the pyrolysis reaction efficiency, allowing the material to react more fully, receiving uniform heating, avoiding expansion misalignment, and improving the service life of the pyrolysis reaction device.

[0119] The cooling and separation device 4 includes a first air inlet 4-1, a first steam purging 4-2-1, a second steam purging 4-2-2, a first water inlet 4-3, an oil filter 4-4-1, an oil outlet 4-4-2, a carbon black outlet 4-4-3, a wire mesh filter 4-5, a water jacket 4-6, a cylinder 4-7, a first water outlet 4-8, and a first air outlet 4-9. The first air inlet 4-1 is located on the upper middle part of one side of the cone, the first air outlet 4-9 is located at the top of the end cap, the end cap is located at the top of the cylinder 4-7, the wire mesh filter 4-5 is installed inside the cylinder 4-7, the cone is installed at the bottom of the cylinder 4-7, the carbon black outlet 4-4-3 is located at the bottom of the cone, the water jacket 4-6 is sleeved with the cylinder 4-7, and the first water outlet 4-8 is located at the upper part of the water jacket 4-6. The water inlet 4-3 is located at the lower part of the water jacket 4-6. The first steam purge 4-2-1 is located on one side of the lower middle part of the cylinder 4-7, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter 4-5. The second steam purge 4-2-2 is located on the other side of the lower middle part of the cylinder 4-7, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter 4-5. The first steam purge 4-2-1 and the second steam purge 4-2-2 are arranged symmetrically. The first steam purge 4-2-1 and the second steam purge 4-2-2 are respectively connected to the steam generator. The water jacket 4-6 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the cylinder 4-7 is made of Q355 steel. The oil filter 4-4-1 is a wire mesh structure, including the oil filter body, the oil outlet 4-4-2, and the carbon black outlet 4-4-3. The mesh aperture is 22.5mm, and the mesh has one layer.

[0120] The first air outlet 4-9 in the cooling separation device 4 is connected to the cooling separation device 5 through a pipeline. The carbon black outlet 4-4-3 in the cooling separation device 4 is connected to the carbon black collection device. The oil outlet 4-4-2 in the cooling separation device 4 is connected to the heavy oil storage tank 18.

[0121] The cooling separation device 4 in this invention can effectively separate solids (liquids) and gases by setting a filter with a wire mesh structure; in addition, the cooling structure composed of a water jacket, an inlet, and an outlet can effectively cool down, further improving the efficiency of solid (liquid) and gas separation; the steam purging device can effectively purge the filter and complete self-cleaning; the steam purging frequency is once every 2-4 hours, adjusted according to the equipment differential pressure gauge;

[0122] The cooling separation device 5 includes a second air inlet 5-1, a primary cooling structure 5-2, a second water inlet 5-3, a second water outlet 5-4-1, a first oil-gas separator 5-5-1, a second oil-gas separator 5-5-2, a heavy oil fraction outlet 5-6, a secondary cooling structure 5-7, a third water inlet 5-8, a third water outlet 5-4-2, a second air outlet 5-9, a tertiary cooling structure 5-10, a fourth water inlet 5-11, a fourth water outlet 5-12, a gasoline fraction outlet 5-13, and a diesel fraction outlet 5-14; the second air inlet... 5-1 is located on the upper side of the oil cooling device, the exhaust port is located at the top of the oil cooling device, the thermometer and pressure gauge are installed on the top of the primary cooling structure, the second water inlet 5-3 is located on the lower side of the primary cooling structure 5-2, and the second water outlet 5-4-1 is located on the upper side of the primary cooling structure 5-2; the first oil-gas separation structure is set between the primary cooling structure 5-2 and the secondary cooling structure 5-7, and is equipped with a first oil-gas separator 5-5-1, the first vent is located on the upper side of the first oil-gas separator structure, and the steam purge port is located on the first On one side of the middle section of the oil-gas separator structure, the heavy oil fraction outlet 5-6 is located on the lower side of the first oil-gas separator structure; a thermometer and pressure gauge are installed on the upper part of the secondary cooling structure 5-7, the third water inlet 5-8 is located on the lower side of the secondary cooling structure 5-7, and the third water outlet 5-4-2 is located on the upper side of the secondary cooling structure 5-7; the second oil-gas separator structure is located below the secondary cooling structure 5-7, and includes a second oil-gas separator 5-5-2, a second vent located on the upper side of the second oil-gas separator structure, and a second air outlet 5... -9 is connected to the second oil-gas separator 5-5-2 via a curved pipe. The second oil-gas separator 5-5-2 is connected to the third-stage cooling structure 5-10. The diesel fraction outlet 5-14 is located on the other side of the upper part of the second oil-gas separator structure. The fourth water inlet 5-11 is located on one side of the bottom of the third-stage cooling structure 5-10. The fourth water outlet 5-12 is located on the other side of the top of the third-stage cooling structure 5-10. The gasoline fraction outlet 5-13 is located on one side of the lower part of the third oil-gas separator structure. The drain outlet is located at the bottom of the lower part of the third oil-gas separator structure.

[0123] The temperature of the first-stage cooling structure 5-2 is 325℃, the pressure is 950Pa, and the distillate is heavy oil fraction; the temperature of the second-stage cooling structure 5-7 is 250℃, the pressure is 800Pa, and the distillate is diesel fraction; the temperature of the third-stage cooling structure 5-10 is 110℃, the pressure is 650Pa, and the distillate is gasoline fraction.

[0124] The operation process of the cooling separation device 5 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows:

[0125] The pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis unit enters the cooling and separation device 5 of the present invention through the second air inlet 5-1. After being cooled by the first-stage cooling structure, the second-stage cooling structure and the third-stage cooling structure in sequence, the combustible gas enters the combustion section from the second air outlet 5-9. Different grades of pyrolysis oil are discharged from the heavy oil fraction outlet 5-6, the diesel fraction outlet 5-14 and the gasoline fraction outlet 5-13 respectively. After further cooling, they enter the storage tank.

[0126] The cooling separation device 5 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has an independent structure and is a three-stage continuous type; the first-stage cooling is a tube-and-shell type, the second-stage cooling is a tube-and-shell type, and the third-stage cooling is a coil type.

[0127] The combustible gas booster system includes a Roots blower 7, a gas storage tank 8, a first low-NOx burner 9-1, and a second low-NOx burner 9-2. The second outlet 5-9 in the cooling separation device 5 is connected to the gas storage tank 8 via the Roots blower 7. The pyrolysis gas from the gas storage tank 8 first enters the first low-NOx burner, which is connected to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis system. The remaining pyrolysis gas enters the second low-NOx burner, which is connected to the steam generator. The flue gas from the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis reaction system 3 is collected and enters the steam generator 10 from the top through a pipeline.

[0128] The non-condensable gas generated after the cooler cools the cracked oil is pressurized by the Roots blower and enters the gas storage tank. Then, it enters the low-NOx burner for combustion to meet the heating requirements of the cracking reaction unit.

[0129] The carbon black processing system 6 includes a discharge port 6-1, a carbon black buffer tank 6-2, a rotary valve 6-3, rollers 6-4, a vibrating screen 6-5, a cooling structure 6-6, and a discharge port 6-7. The discharge port 6-1 is located at the top of the carbon black buffer tank 6-2, which is fitted with a jacket. The lower part of the carbon black buffer tank 6-2 is a cone, and the lower end of the cone is connected to a separation structure via the rotary valve 6-3. The separation structure includes rollers 6-4, a vibrating screen 6-5, a cooling structure 6-6, and a discharge port 6-7. Roller 6-4 is located at the upper end of the separation structure. Roller 6-4 has a diameter of 200mm and consists of three rollers arranged in a triangular pattern. Vibrating screen 6-5 is located below roller 6-4. The separation structure is equipped with a cooling structure 6-6, and the discharge port 6-7 is located at the lower end of the separation structure. The screen size of vibrating screen 6-5 is 0.75μm. The cooling structure 6-6 is DN50 and is arranged in four layers, increasing sequentially from the bottom of the cone. The number of tubes in each layer is 1, 3, 5, and 7 respectively. Three layers of wide-spacing tubes are added at the top, with five tubes in each layer.

[0130] The operation flow of the carbon black processing system 6 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows:

[0131] Carbon black enters the carbon black buffer tank 6-2 in the carbon black processing system 6 of this utility model from the discharge port 6-1. The carbon black buffer tank 6-2 is equipped with a jacket for cooling the carbon black. After cooling, the carbon black enters the separation structure through a rotary valve. The carbon black is first crushed by rollers, and the further crushed carbon black falls into the vibrating screen below for separation. The separated carbon black is further cooled through the cooling structure 6-6 (cooling pipe) in stages, and then discharged through the discharge port.

[0132] The carbon black processing system 6 of Embodiment 1 of this utility model has a simple structure, is easy to implement, is intensive, has low cost, and is conducive to widespread application.

[0133] The flue gas purification system includes a steam generator 10, an SCR denitrification section 11, a tube cooling structure 12, an integrated processor 13, a dust collector 14, an induced draft fan 15, a desulfurization tower 16, and a circulating pump 17. The steam generator 10 is connected to the SCR denitrification section 11, the SCR denitrification section 11 is connected to the tube cooling structure 12, the tube cooling structure 12 is connected to the dust collector 14 through the integrated processor 13, the dust collector 14 is connected to the desulfurization tower 16 through the induced draft fan 15, and the circulating pump 17 is connected to the desulfurization tower 16.

[0134] The pyrolysis reaction system 3 of the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is also equipped with an automated control system, including a tire particle addition sensor, a pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor, a pyrolysis chamber pressure sensor, a combustion chamber temperature sensor, a tank level sensor, a tank temperature sensor, a tank pressure sensor, a pyrolysis gas flow sensor, a pyrolysis gas temperature sensor, a pyrolysis gas pressure sensor, a pyrolysis oil flow sensor, a pyrolysis oil temperature sensor, a pyrolysis oil pressure sensor, a carbon black weight sensor, a circulating water temperature sensor, and a circulating water pressure sensor. The tire particle addition sensor is installed at the inlet of the sealed feeder; the pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor and the pyrolysis chamber pressure sensor are installed on the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber; the combustion chamber temperature sensor is installed on the upper part of the combustion chamber; the tank level sensor, the tank temperature sensor, and the tank pressure sensor are installed on the side of the tank body; the pyrolysis gas flow sensor, the pyrolysis gas temperature sensor, and the pyrolysis gas pressure sensor are installed in the pyrolysis gas pipeline; the pyrolysis oil flow sensor, the pyrolysis oil temperature sensor, and the pyrolysis oil pressure sensor are installed in the pyrolysis oil pipeline; the carbon black weight sensor is installed at the outlet of the carbon black cooling chamber; and the circulating water temperature sensor and the circulating water pressure sensor are installed in the circulating water pipeline. All connections are flange connections, and the signals are connected to the DCS control system.

[0135] The pyrolysis reaction system 3 uses a DCS to perform operation control, operating parameter control, equipment switching control, system self-diagnosis, alarm protection, and other functions. The control system is equipped with a complete set of interlocking alarm functions, including: tire particle addition amount, pyrolysis chamber temperature, pressure, combustion chamber temperature, tank liquid level, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis gas flow rate, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis oil flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon black weight, circulating water temperature, and pressure.

[0136] The operation process of the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis and gasification device of the present invention is as follows:

[0137] (1) Crushing and feeding

[0138] Waste tires are fed into a tire cutting machine and a twisting machine in sequence, and then sent to a tire shredder via a belt conveyor to be crushed into small pieces of about 5 centimeters. Then, the fine steel wires in the rubber pieces are separated by a magnetic separator, and then the pieces are vibrated and screened by a vibrating conveyor. The magnetic separator separates the steel wires from the tire rubber powder, and the material that passes through the screen is rubber granules.

[0139] Rubber granules are conveyed into the hopper by a belt conveyor. There is a discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. The material enters the belt scale, which displays the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate while conveying the material and then conveys the material to the sealed feeder to complete the feeding process.

[0140] (2) Pyrolysis reaction

[0141] The pyrolysis reaction device includes a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber provides heat energy to heat the pyrolysis chamber to meet the heat requirements of the pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis chamber is equipped with heat dissipation plates and heating pipes to improve heat transfer efficiency. A rotary feeder is installed to disperse the falling material, and an expansion buffer plate is installed to buffer the deformation of the pyrolysis chamber cylinder.

[0142] (3) Cooling and separation

[0143] There is an oil and gas outlet above the cracking chamber. The oil and gas produced by cracking first enter the cooling separator to initially remove carbon black powder. The oil and gas components continue to enter the cooling separation unit (distillation separator), which uses three-stage cooling with circulating cooling water, and then enter the heavy oil fraction storage tank, diesel fraction storage tank, and gasoline fraction storage tank respectively.

[0144] (4) Oil storage

[0145] Different types of oil storage tanks are installed: heavy oil fraction storage tanks, diesel fraction storage tanks, and gasoline fraction storage tanks;

[0146] (5) Combustible gas booster

[0147] The non-condensable gas generated after the cooler cools the cracked oil is pressurized by a Roots blower and enters the storage tank. Then, it enters the low-NOx burner for combustion to meet the heating requirements of the cracking reaction unit.

[0148] (6) Flue gas purification

[0149] After the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of cracked gas in the burner is discharged, it enters the steam generator to initially cool the flue gas, the denitrification reactor to denitrify it, the comprehensive processor to treat tar and odor, and after dust removal by the dust collector, it is further sent to the flue gas desulfurization tower by the induced draft fan to fully contact with the desulfurization circulating liquid, so that the flue gas is purified and discharged in compliance with standards.

[0150] (7) Carbon black processing

[0151] The pyrolysis carbon black is continuously discharged through a rotary discharge valve and sent to a carbon black storage tank. It then enters a roller crusher, a vibrating screen, and a cooling chamber in sequence. Finally, the carbon black is transported to the carbon black processing workshop for further granulation.

[0152] (8) Cooling water circulation

[0153] In the overall process, there are equipment that needs to be cooled by water cooling. Low-temperature cooling water enters the equipment that needs to be cooled and is heated up. It then flows out from the high-temperature outlet. After the various heated cooling water pipelines converge, they enter the cooling tower for cooling. The cooled water then enters the various branch pipelines to meet the cooling water needs of each piece of equipment.

[0154] (9) Automated control

[0155] The DCS completes the functions of operation control, operating parameter control, equipment switching control, system self-diagnosis, alarm protection, etc. The control system is equipped with a complete set of interlocking alarm functions, mainly including: tire particle addition amount, pyrolysis chamber temperature, pressure, combustion chamber temperature, tank liquid level, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis gas flow rate, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis oil flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon black production, circulating water temperature, pressure.

[0156] The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device and method of the present invention have a simple structure, are easy to implement, are intensive, have low cost, occupy little space, have high flue gas thermal energy utilization rate, and low electric heating energy consumption, which is conducive to widespread application.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, makes a substitution or change based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention or an equivalent substitution or change should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus, characterized by, The system includes a tire shredding system, a sealed feeding system, a pyrolysis reaction system, a cooling separation device, a heat exchange separation device, a carbon black processing system, a combustible gas booster system, and a flue gas purification system. The tire shredding system is connected to the sealed feeding system, which in turn is connected to the pyrolysis reaction system. The exhaust gas end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the flue gas purification system. The upper end of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the cooling separation device, and the lower end is connected to the carbon black processing system. The top of the cooling separation device is connected to the heat exchange separation device, which is also connected to a heavy oil storage tank. The heat exchange separation device is connected to a heavy oil fraction storage tank and a diesel fuel storage tank. The system connects to oil fraction storage tanks and gasoline fraction storage tanks; the combustible gas booster system is connected to the cooling separation device, the pyrolysis reaction system, and the flue gas purification system; the cooling separation device includes a second air inlet, a primary cooling structure, a second water inlet, a second water outlet, a first oil-gas separator, a second oil-gas separator, a heavy oil fraction outlet, a secondary cooling structure, a third water inlet, a third water outlet, a second air outlet, a tertiary cooling structure, a fourth water inlet, a fourth water outlet, a gasoline fraction outlet, and a diesel fraction outlet; the second air inlet is located on one side of the upper part of the oil cooling device, the exhaust port is located at the top of the oil cooling device, and a thermometer and pressure gauge are included. Installed on top of the primary cooling structure, the second water inlet is located on one side of the lower end of the primary cooling structure, and the second water outlet is located on the other side of the upper end of the primary cooling structure; the first oil-gas separation structure is set between the primary and secondary cooling structures, and is equipped with a first oil-gas separator, a first vent located on one side of the upper part of the first oil-gas separator structure, a steam purge port located on one side of the middle part of the first oil-gas separator structure, and a heavy oil fraction outlet located on one side of the lower part of the first oil-gas separator structure; a thermometer and a pressure gauge are installed on top of the secondary cooling structure, the third water inlet is located on one side of the lower end of the secondary cooling structure, and the third water outlet is located on the other side of the secondary cooling structure. The second oil-gas separator structure is located below the secondary cooling structure and includes a second oil-gas separator. A second vent is located on the upper side of the second oil-gas separator structure, and a second outlet is connected to the second oil-gas separator via a curved pipe. The second oil-gas separator is connected to the tertiary cooling structure. The diesel fraction outlet is located on the upper side of the second oil-gas separator structure. A fourth water inlet is located on the bottom side of the tertiary cooling structure, and a fourth water outlet is located on the top side of the tertiary cooling structure. The gasoline fraction outlet is located on the lower side of the third oil-gas separator structure, and the drain outlet is located at the lower bottom of the third oil-gas separator structure.

2. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The tire shredding system includes a tire cutter, a twister, a shredder, and a magnetic separator. The tire cutter is connected to the twister, the twister is connected to the shredder via a belt conveyor, and the shredder is connected to the magnetic separator.

3. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: The sealed feeding system includes a motor, a reducer, a feed inlet, a cylinder, a water outlet, a jacket, a spiral shaft, spiral blades, a discharge port, a water inlet, a hopper, and a discharge switch. The discharge switch is located at the bottom of the hopper. The reducer motor is connected to a gearbox, which is screwed to the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is located inside the cylinder. The feed inlet is located at the end of the cylinder near the gearbox. The jacket is sleeved with the cylinder. The water inlet is located at the bottom of the jacket, and the water outlet is located at the top of the jacket. The jacket, water inlet, and water outlet constitute a cooling structure. The water inlet and water outlet are respectively connected to a cooling water system. The spiral shaft has a rotating shaft and spiral blades wound on the rotating shaft. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the cylinder and the jacket.

4. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by: There are three feeding ports, arranged in sequence, all of which are trapezoidal in shape and increase in size sequentially.

5. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by: The cylinder is conical with an inclination of 2°-3°; the jacket is conical with an inclination of 2°-3°; the spiral shaft is conical with an inclination of 2°-3°; and the spiral blades are conical in shape with an inclination of 2°-3°.

6. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The pyrolysis reaction system includes four burners, four combustion chambers, and three pyrolysis reactors. The four burners are installed at the bottom of the four combustion chambers, and the pyrolysis reactors are installed in the middle of the combustion chambers.

7. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The pyrolysis reactor includes a pyrolysis reaction chamber, a rotary feeder, a mesh bag filter, an expansion buffer plate, a heating tube, a heat dissipation plate, and an exhaust port; the end cap is located at the upper end of the cylinder and is connected to the top of the cylinder, the cone is located at the lower end of the cylinder and is connected to the lower end of the cylinder, the feed inlet is located on one side of the upper part of the cylinder, the vent is located on the left side of the end cap, the exhaust port is located on the right side of the end cap, the water jacket is sleeved with the cone, the mesh bag filter is located at the lower end of the cone, and the heating tube is installed in the middle of the cylinder.

8. The waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by: The heating tubes are arranged in three rows, installed in the upper middle, middle, and lower middle parts of the cylinder, with three, six, and nine tubes respectively. There are 12 heat dissipation plates: three arranged in a herringbone pattern along the center line; three heat dissipation plates on the left side, tilted to the right at an angle of 30°-50°; and three heat dissipation plates on the right side, tilted to the left at an angle of 30°-50°. Each heat dissipation plate is rectangular, with five rows and five columns of rectangular heat dissipation holes. The mesh bag filter includes a filter body, an oil outlet, and a carbon filter. The filter body has a black outlet and an oil outlet located on one side, and a carbon black outlet located at the bottom. The filter body contains a built-in filter screen. The exhaust port of the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the cylinder of the cooling separation device via a pipe. The carbon black outlet of the mesh bag filter in the pyrolysis reaction system is connected to the carbon black processing system. The cooling separation device includes a first air inlet, a first steam purge, a second steam purge, a first water inlet, an oil filter, an oil outlet, a carbon black outlet, a wire mesh filter, a water jacket, a cylinder, a first water outlet, and a first air outlet. The first air inlet is located on the upper-middle part of one side of the cone, the first air outlet is located on the top of the end cap, the end cap is located at the top of the cylinder, the wire mesh filter is installed inside the cylinder, the cone is installed at the bottom of the cylinder, the carbon black outlet is located at the bottom of the cone, the water jacket is sleeved with the cylinder, the first water outlet is located at the upper part of the water jacket, the first water inlet is located at the lower part of the water jacket, the first steam purging is set on one side of the lower-middle part of the cylinder, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter, the second steam purging is set on the other side of the lower-middle part of the cylinder, at the horizontal position of the wire mesh filter, the first... The first and second steam purging systems are symmetrically arranged, and are respectively connected to the steam generator. The oil filter has a wire mesh structure and includes an oil filter body, an oil outlet, and a carbon black outlet. The first gas outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the cooling separation device via a pipeline, the carbon black outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the carbon black collection device, and the oil outlet of the cooling separation device is connected to the heavy oil storage tank. The combustible gas booster system includes a Roots blower, a gas storage tank, and a first and a second low-NOx burner. The second outlet of the cooling and separation device is connected to the gas storage tank via a Roots blower. The pyrolysis gas from the gas storage tank first enters the first low-NOx burner, which is connected to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis system. The remaining pyrolysis gas enters the second low-NOx burner, which is connected to the steam generator. The carbon black processing system includes a feed inlet, a carbon black buffer tank, a rotary valve, rollers, a vibrating screen, a cooling structure, and a discharge outlet. The feed inlet is located at the top of the carbon black buffer tank, which is fitted with a jacket. The lower part of the carbon black buffer tank is a cone, and the lower end of the cone is connected to the separation structure via a rotary valve. The separation structure includes rollers and a vibrating screen. The system includes a cooling structure, a discharge port, and rollers located at the upper end of the separation structure. Three rollers are arranged in a triangular pattern. A vibrating screen is located below the rollers. The separation structure is equipped with a cooling structure, and the discharge port is located at the lower end of the separation structure. The flue gas purification system includes a steam generator, an SCR denitrification section, a tube-and-shell cooling structure, a comprehensive processor, a dust collector, an induced draft fan, a desulfurization tower, and a circulating pump. The steam generator is connected to the SCR denitrification section, which is connected to the tube-and-shell cooling structure. The tube-and-shell cooling structure is connected to the dust collector via the comprehensive processor. The dust collector is connected to the desulfurization tower via the induced draft fan, and the circulating pump is connected to the desulfurization tower.

9. The operating procedure of the waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification device according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps: (1) Crushing and feeding Waste tires are fed into a tire cutting machine and a twisting machine in sequence, and then sent to a tire shredder via a belt conveyor to be crushed into small pieces of about 5 centimeters. Then, the fine steel wires in the rubber pieces are separated by a magnetic separator, and then the pieces are vibrated and screened by a vibrating conveyor. The magnetic separator separates the steel wires from the tire rubber powder, and the material that passes through the screen is rubber granules. Rubber granules are conveyed into the hopper by a belt conveyor. There is a discharge port at the bottom of the hopper. The material enters the belt scale, which displays the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate while conveying the material and then conveys the material to the sealed feeder to complete the feeding process. (2) Pyrolysis reaction The pyrolysis reaction device includes a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber provides heat energy to heat the pyrolysis chamber to meet the heat requirements of the pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis chamber is equipped with heat dissipation plates and heating pipes to improve heat transfer efficiency. A rotary feeder is installed to disperse the falling material, and an expansion buffer plate is installed to buffer the deformation of the pyrolysis chamber cylinder. (3) Cooling and separation There is an oil and gas outlet above the cracking chamber. The oil and gas produced by cracking first enter the cooling separator to initially remove carbon black powder. The oil and gas components continue to enter the cooling separation unit (distillation separator), which uses three-stage cooling with circulating cooling water, and then enter the heavy oil fraction storage tank, diesel fraction storage tank, and gasoline fraction storage tank respectively. (4) Oil storage Different types of oil storage tanks are installed: heavy oil fraction storage tanks, diesel fraction storage tanks, and gasoline fraction storage tanks; (5) Combustible gas booster The non-condensable gas generated after the cooler cools the cracked oil is pressurized by a Roots blower and enters the storage tank. Then, it enters the low-NOx burner for combustion to meet the heating requirements of the cracking reaction unit. (6) Flue gas purification After the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of cracked gas in the burner is discharged, it enters the steam generator to initially cool the flue gas, the denitrification reactor to denitrify it, the integrated processor to treat tar and odor, and after dust removal by the dust collector, it is further sent to the flue gas desulfurization tower by the induced draft fan to fully contact with the desulfurization circulating liquid, so that the flue gas is purified and discharged in compliance with standards. (7) Carbon black processing The pyrolysis carbon black is continuously discharged through a rotary discharge valve and sent to a carbon black storage tank. It then enters a roller crusher, a vibrating screen, and a cooling chamber in sequence. Finally, the carbon black is transported to the carbon black processing workshop for further granulation. (8) Cooling water circulation In the overall process, there are equipment that needs to be cooled by water cooling. Low-temperature cooling water enters the equipment that needs to be cooled and is heated up. It then flows out from the high-temperature outlet. After the various heated cooling water pipelines converge, they enter the cooling tower for cooling. The cooled water then enters the various branch pipelines to meet the cooling water needs of each piece of equipment. (9) Automated control The DCS completes operation control, operating parameter control, equipment switching control, system self-diagnosis, and alarm protection functions. The control system is equipped with comprehensive interlocking alarm functions, mainly including: tire particle addition amount, pyrolysis chamber temperature, pressure, combustion chamber temperature, tank liquid level, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis gas flow rate, temperature, pressure, pyrolysis oil flow rate, temperature, pressure, carbon black production, and circulating water temperature and pressure.

10. The process for operating a waste tire or rubber pyrolysis gasification apparatus of claim 9, wherein: The pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis unit enters the cooling and separation unit, and after being cooled by the primary, secondary and tertiary cooling structures in sequence, the combustible gas enters the combustion section; different grades of pyrolysis oil are discharged from the heavy oil fraction outlet, diesel fraction outlet and gasoline fraction outlet respectively, and after further cooling, they enter the storage tank.

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