One-fire forming method for die-forged blades of combustion engine

Abstract

The present invention is directed to the field of blade forging, and provides a one-fire forming method for a combustion engine die forged blade, comprising the following steps; S1: material unloading; S2: heating in a heating furnace, pushing the material into the furnace from a charging port, performing low-temperature preheating in a low-temperature preheating zone, then controlling a lifting partition to descend, pushing the material preheated in the low-temperature preheating zone into a high-temperature heating zone for high-temperature heating, and finally taking out the heated material from a discharge port; S3: blanking, blanking on a multifunctional blanking anvil; S4: die forging, die forging on a die forging hammer and lubricating; S5: trimming, trimming on a trimming machine; S6: correction, overall correction of the material on a correction die; S7: heat treatment; S8: shot blasting, shot blasting on a shot blasting machine; S9: inspection, placing the workpiece on a measuring rack for inspection; S10: drilling a center hole, fixing the workpiece, and drilling the center hole according to the drawing requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of forging, and in particular to a one-fire forming method for a combustion engine die forging blade. Background Art

[0002] The current die forging blade forming method in the forging industry is: cutting - preheating in a low-temperature furnace - heating in a high-temperature furnace - billet making (pre-forging) - grinding and removing damage - preheating in a low-temperature furnace - heating in a high-temperature furnace - die forging - trimming - correction - heat treatment - shot blasting - inspection - drilling center hole. This method requires two heating furnaces to heat at the same time, and forging is divided into two or more fires. The production cycle is long and occupies heating equipment. Repeated heating can easily cause coarse grains in forgings and reduce overall performance. It is difficult to swing materials in a box-type heating furnace, and the maximum furnace loading capacity is limited. It cannot be cyclically charged, which increases the waiting time in the forging process, resulting in a waste of production capacity. It is not conducive to complying with the principle of first-in-first-out when heating raw materials, and it is easy to cause confusion, resulting in overburning of forgings and product scrapping. Based on this, this application is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a one-fire forming method for die-forged blades of a gas turbine to solve the technical problems in the prior art that two heating furnaces are generally required for heating at the same time, and the forging is performed in two or more fires, the production cycle is long, heating equipment is occupied, repeated heating easily causes coarse grains in the forgings, and recycling of materials is impossible, the waiting time in the forging process is increased, and production capacity is wasted.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for forming a die-forged blade of a combustion engine, comprising the following steps;

[0005] S1: cutting;

[0006] S2: The heating furnace is heated, the material is pushed into the furnace from the charging port, and low-temperature preheating is performed in the low-temperature preheating zone, and then the lifting partition is controlled to be lowered, and the material preheated in the low-temperature preheating zone is pushed into the high-temperature heating zone for high-temperature heating, and finally the heated material is taken out from the discharge port;

[0007] S3: Blank making, blank making on a multifunctional blank making anvil;

[0008] S4: Die forging, die forging on the die forging hammer and lubrication;

[0009] S5: trimming, trimming is performed on a trimming machine;

[0010] S6: Calibration: Calibrate the material as a whole on the calibration mold;

[0011] S7: heat treatment;

[0012] S8: Shot blasting, shot blasting on a shot blasting machine;

[0013] S9: Inspection, placing the workpiece on the measuring rack for inspection;

[0014] S10: Drill the center hole, fix the workpiece, and drill the center hole according to the drawing requirements.

[0015] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0016] The heating furnace in step S2 includes a furnace body, a charging port, a low-temperature preheating zone, a lifting partition, a high-temperature heating zone and a discharging port; the low-temperature preheating zone and the high-temperature heating zone are sequentially arranged inside the furnace body, the lifting partition is arranged inside the furnace body between the low-temperature preheating zone and the high-temperature heating zone, the charging port is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the low-temperature preheating zone, and the discharging port is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the high-temperature heating zone.

[0017] Preferably, the multifunctional blanking anvil in step S3 includes a dovetail base, a normal blanking anvil, a blade-specific anvil, a die lifting hole and a keyway, and the normal blanking anvil and the blade-specific anvil are sequentially arranged on the dovetail base, the die lifting hole is opened on one side of the blade-specific anvil, and the keyway is opened in the middle of the bottom of the dovetail base.

[0018] Preferably, a push rod is provided on one side of the furnace body close to the charging port.

[0019] Preferably, the multifunctional blank-making anvil is an integrated structure.

[0020] Preferably, the heating furnace is an integrated structure.

[0021] Preferably, smooth chamfers are provided on both side edges of the top of the blade-specific anvil.

[0022] Preferably, the normal anvil is rectangular.

[0023] One or more of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, the furnace body is set as a through type as a whole, and the interior of the furnace body is directly divided into a low-temperature preheating zone and a high-temperature heating zone. The initial furnace loading is calculated according to the heating time of the forgings, the heat preservation time and the size of the furnace body. After the forgings heated in the high-temperature heating zone are heated, after the forgings in the high-temperature heating zone are taken out, they are replenished with the forgings in the low-temperature preheating zone, so as to realize cyclic feeding without the need to pour the furnace, and at the same time reduce the primary heating and grinding and damage removal processes, reduce the waiting time in the forging process, and reduce the production cost;

[0025] By adding a lifting partition between the low temperature area and the high temperature area, the uniformity of the furnace temperature can be ensured, and the cyclic feeding is convenient, so that the forging production rhythm is continuous and uninterrupted, the production capacity is 100% utilized, and the heating parameters of each batch of products can be guaranteed to be consistent, thus improving product stability;

[0026] By setting the anvil as an integrated structure of a normal anvil and a blade-specific anvil, the normal anvil is rectangular in shape with a large force-bearing area, and is used for free forging and flattening the blade after it is out of the blank. The blade-specific anvil is convex in shape, and the convex anvil has an arc-shaped design. Under the conditions of the same pressure, the pressure is increased, the deformation rate and production efficiency are improved, and a cylindrical blank can be made faster and more efficiently without grinding and damaging. The dual-purpose design can ensure the rhythm and quality of the blade out of the blank and realize the one-fire forming of the die-forged blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A forging process flow chart provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the heating furnace structure is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the internal furnace capacity of a heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional blank-making anvil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic top view of a multifunctional blank-making anvil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic side view of a multifunctional blank-making anvil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0035] 1. Loading port; 2. Low-temperature preheating zone; 3. Lifting partition; 4. High-temperature heating zone; 5. Discharging port; 51. Ejector rod; 6. Forging; 7. Normal anvil; 8. Blade-specific anvil; 9. Dovetail base; 10. Lifting die hole; 11. Keyway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figure 1-6 , the embodiment of the present application provides a method for forming a combustion engine die forged blade by one fire, comprising the following steps;

[0041] S1: cutting;

[0042] S2: The heating furnace is heated, the material is pushed into the furnace from the charging port 1, and low-temperature preheating is performed in the low-temperature preheating zone 2, and then the lifting partition 3 is controlled to be lowered, and the material preheated in the low-temperature preheating zone 2 is pushed into the high-temperature heating zone 4 for high-temperature heating, and finally the heated material is taken out from the discharge port 5;

[0043] S3: Blank making, blank making on a multifunctional blank making anvil;

[0044] S4: Die forging, die forging on the die forging hammer and lubrication;

[0045] S5: trimming, trimming is performed on a trimming machine;

[0046] S6: Calibration, the overall shape of the material is calibrated on the calibration mold;

[0047] S7: heat treatment;

[0048] S8: Shot blasting, blasting tiles on a shot blasting machine;

[0049] S9: Inspection, placing the workpiece on the measuring rack for inspection;

[0050] S10: Drill the center hole, fix the workpiece, and drill the center hole according to the drawing requirements.

[0051] In some embodiments, the steps include:

[0052] The heating furnace in step S2 includes a furnace body, a charging port 1, a low-temperature preheating zone 2, a lifting partition 3, a high-temperature heating zone 4 and a discharge port 5; the low-temperature preheating zone 2 and the high-temperature heating zone 4 are arranged in sequence inside the furnace body, the lifting partition 3 is arranged inside the furnace body between the low-temperature preheating zone 2 and the high-temperature heating zone 4, the charging port 1 is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the low-temperature preheating zone 2, and the discharge port 5 is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the high-temperature heating zone 4.

[0053] In some embodiments, a push rod 51 is provided on one side of the furnace body near the charging port 1 .

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the furnace body is set as a through type, and the forging 6 is sent into the low temperature preheating zone 2 through the charging port 1 for the first step of heating. After the heating is completed, the initial furnace loading is calculated according to the heating time, the heat preservation time and the size of the furnace body, and the forging 6 in the low temperature preheating zone 2 is pushed into the high temperature heating zone for preliminary furnace loading. After the high temperature heating is completed, the discharge port 5 is controlled to open, and the lifting partition 3 is controlled to descend, and the forging 6 heated in the high temperature heating zone is taken out, and the forging 6 in the low temperature preheating zone 2 is taken out. The forging 6 is pushed into the high-temperature heating zone again, thereby realizing cyclic feeding; by directly dividing the inner part of the furnace into a low-temperature zone and a high-temperature zone, and adding a lifting partition 3 between the low-temperature zone and the high-temperature zone, the uniformity of the furnace temperature can be ensured, and cyclic feeding is convenient, so that the production rhythm of the forging 6 is continuous and uninterrupted, 100% of the production capacity is utilized, and the consistency of the heating parameters of each batch of products can be ensured, the product stability is improved, and then the product quality is improved, and in the heating stage, the waste heat of the high-temperature zone can be used to heat the low-temperature zone, reducing energy consumption and reducing carbon emissions;

[0055] By adopting an integrated high and low temperature circulation heating furnace to heat the forging 6, the waiting time in the forging process is reduced. At the same time, by adopting a single fire forging, there is no need to occupy multiple sets of heating equipment of various types. In the production process, there is no need to turn over the furnace, and at the same time, the one-time heating and grinding and damage removal process is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the forging 6 is prevented from being easily coarse-grained during repeated heating of the forging 6, thereby reducing the overall performance;

[0056] It should be noted that in the process of achieving cyclic heating through one-fire forging, the heating scheme is designed according to the minimum forging heating, the maximum holding time, the forging time, the body size and the raw material specifications;

[0057] Heating scheme: For example, if forging 6 is heated, the minimum holding time of high temperature heating zone 4 is a minute, the maximum holding time of high temperature heating zone 4 is b minutes, and the billet discharge time is c minutes / piece, then the initial furnace charge d=a / c is calculated to take the whole piece;

[0058] Specifically, according to the furnace size and raw material specifications, assume that the furnace is loaded with y rows, with x pieces in each row, and x*y=d is the initial loading; then push in one row of raw materials every e=a / y (rounded) minutes to achieve cyclic loading.

[0059] Specifically, the billet removal time is c minutes / piece, that is, it takes c minutes to take out each forging 6 from the high-temperature heating zone 4;

[0060] For example: when a forging 6 of a certain material is heated, the minimum holding time of the high temperature heating zone 4 is 30 minutes, the maximum holding time of the high temperature heating zone 4 is 120 minutes, and the billet discharge time is 1.5 minutes / piece. As shown in the figure, the loading capacity of the medium and high temperature heating zone 4 inside the furnace body is 7 pieces per row, with a total of 3 rows, so the initial loading capacity is calculated to be 21 pieces;

[0061] After the heating of the forgings 6 in the high-temperature heating zone 4 is completed, when the forgings 6 need to be taken out, the time required to take out a row of forgings 6 is 7*1.5 minutes=10.5 minutes. After rounding, that is, every 11 minutes, the forgings 6 that have been preheated and are closest to the high-temperature heating zone 41 are pushed into the high-temperature heating zone 4 by the push rod 51 for heating, and then a row of raw materials are pushed into the low-temperature preheating zone 2 for preheating and waiting. The materials are fed in at one end and discharged at the other end to ensure first-in-first-out and realize cyclic feeding;

[0062] By using data such as the holding time and the amount of furnace loaded, the design scheme is used to add and discharge materials at regular intervals, saving waiting time during the forging process and reducing waste of production capacity. The principle of first-in-first-out is followed when heating raw materials to avoid confusion that may cause overburning of forgings 6 and product scrapping.

[0063] In some embodiments, the multifunctional blanking anvil in step S3 includes a dovetail base 9, a normal anvil 7, a blade-specific anvil 8, a die lifting hole 10 and a keyway 11. The normal anvil 7 and the blade-specific anvil 8 are arranged on the dovetail base 9 in sequence, the die lifting hole 10 is opened on one side of the blade-specific anvil 8, and the keyway 11 is opened in the middle of the bottom of the dovetail base 9.

[0064] In some embodiments, the multi-functional blanking anvil is a one-piece structure.

[0065] By adopting the above technical scheme, the anvil is divided into a normal anvil 7 and a blade-specific anvil 8. The normal anvil 7 is rectangular and has a large force-bearing area. It is used for free forging and flattening the blade after it is produced. The blade-specific anvil 8 is convex. Specifically, as shown in the figure,

[0066] The upper part of the side of the blade-specific anvil 8 is trapezoidal, and the top side of the blade-specific anvil 8 is provided with a smooth chamfer. The force-bearing area of ​​the top of the blade-specific anvil 8 is small. Under the condition of equal pressure, the pressure is increased, the deformation rate and production efficiency are improved, so that the final forging temperature after blank making can still meet the die forging requirements, reducing one-time heating. At the same time, the arc-shaped design of the convex anvil can make cylindrical blanks faster and more efficiently without grinding and damaging. The blank making adopts the independently designed multifunctional blank making anvil. Through the dual-use design of the normal anvil 7 and the blade-specific anvil 8, the rhythm and quality of the blade blank can be guaranteed, and the die forging blade can be formed in one fire.

[0067] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forming a combustion engine die forged blade, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: cutting; S2: The heating furnace is heated, the material is pushed into the furnace from the loading port (1), and low-temperature preheating is performed in the low-temperature preheating zone (2), and then the lifting partition (3) is controlled to be lowered, and the material preheated in the low-temperature preheating zone (2) is pushed into the high-temperature heating zone (4) for high-temperature heating, and finally the heated material is taken out from the discharge port (5); S3: Blank making, blank making on a multifunctional blank making anvil; S4: Die forging, die forging on the die forging hammer and lubrication; S5: trimming, trimming is performed on a trimming machine; S6: Calibration: Calibrate the material as a whole on the calibration mold; S7: heat treatment; S8: Shot blasting, shot blasting on a shot blasting machine; S9: Inspection, placing the workpiece on the measuring rack for inspection; S10: Drill the center hole, fix the workpiece, and drill the center hole according to the drawing requirements; The heating furnace in step S2 comprises a furnace body, a charging port (1), a low-temperature preheating zone (2), a lifting partition (3), a high-temperature heating zone (4) and a discharge port (5); the low-temperature preheating zone (2) and the high-temperature heating zone (4) are sequentially arranged inside the furnace body, the lifting partition (3) is arranged inside the furnace body between the low-temperature preheating zone (2) and the high-temperature heating zone (4), the charging port (1) is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the low-temperature preheating zone (2), and the discharge port (5) is arranged on a side of the furnace body close to the high-temperature heating zone (4); The multifunctional blank-making anvil in step S3 comprises a dovetail base (9), a normal anvil (7), a blade-specific anvil (8), a die-lifting hole (10) and a keyway (11), wherein the normal anvil (7) and the blade-specific anvil (8) are arranged on the dovetail base (9) in sequence, the die-lifting hole (10) is provided on one side of the blade-specific anvil (8), and the keyway (11) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the dovetail base (9); The multifunctional blank-making anvil is an integrated structure; The normal anvil (7) is rectangular; The upper side portion of the blade-specific anvil (8) is in a trapezoidal shape, and smooth chamfers are provided on both side edges of the top of the blade-specific anvil (8).

2. The one-fire forming method for a combustion engine die forged blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pushing rod (51) is provided on one side of the furnace body close to the charging port (1).

3. The one-fire forming method for a combustion engine die forged blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating furnace is of an integrated structure.

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