Organic suspended fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizers, and specifically relates to an organic suspension fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The organic suspension fertilizer provided by the present invention uses materials containing organic matter, humic acid, citric acid, amino acids and auxiliary agents as raw materials, and the materials containing organic matter include peanut bran and molasses concentrated waste liquid; the auxiliary agents include suspending agents and antibacterial agents. The humic acid and molasses waste liquid in the raw materials of the present invention both have good water solubility. By controlling the composition and dosage of the raw materials, the problems of difficult disintegration, low utilization rate and serious wind loss of traditional organic fertilizers are overcome. The organic slurry has good dispersibility in water, is easy to apply evenly, and is in full contact with the soil, which can improve the soil aggregate structure to the greatest extent. The nutrients of the organic suspension fertilizer provided by the present invention can be evenly absorbed by crops, and there is no uneven nutrient application. In addition, low-cost waste that is not fully water-soluble is used as the source of organic matter, which saves costs and is conducive to resource recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizers, and in particular relates to a green intelligent organic suspended fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Organic fertilizer is a fertilizer made from animal and plant waste, plant residues, etc., using physical, chemical, biological or a combination of these methods, and undergoing a certain processing process to eliminate toxic and harmful substances. It is rich in organic acids, peptides, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients required by plants. It can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has a long fertilizer effect. After application, it can increase and renew soil organic matter, promote microbial reproduction, improve soil physical and chemical properties and biological activity, and is the main nutrient for green food production. In agricultural production, the application of organic fertilizer is essential.

[0003] However, solid organic fertilizers on the market generally have problems such as difficulty in particle disintegration, uneven dispersion in the soil, serious waste of powder fertilizers during fertilization, and slow decomposition and conversion during application, which restricts the efficient use of organic fertilizers. Liquid organic fertilizers mostly use fully water-soluble raw materials, and the cost of production and use is too high, so they are not widely promoted and applied in production.

[0004] Suspended fertilizer refers to liquid fertilizer in which nutrients are suspended in liquid in the form of micro solid particles with the help of suspending agents. Currently, most common suspended fertilizers are fully water-soluble fertilizers, and are mainly used as topdressing. After organic fertilizers are made into suspension agents, it is difficult for the product to maintain uniform fluidity for a long time, and problems such as stratification and agglomeration are prone to occur, making it difficult to prepare organic fertilizers into suspended fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an organic suspended fertilizer which can maintain uniform fluidity for a long time without the occurrence of stratification and agglomeration.

[0006] The present invention provides an organic suspended fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials, measured by weight: 250-340 parts of materials containing organic matter, 20-40 parts of humic acid, 0.5-50 parts of citric acid, 0-5 parts of amino acids, 70-110 parts of additives and 455-659 parts of water;

[0007] The organic matter-containing materials include high-protein materials and weakly acidic materials;

[0008] The auxiliary agents include suspension auxiliary agents and antibacterial agents.

[0009] Preferably, the high-protein material includes one or more of peanut bran, soybean meal and rapeseed bran; the weakly acidic material includes molasses concentrated waste liquid; the humic acid includes mineral-derived potassium humate; and the amino acid includes polyglutamic acid.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the peanut bran to the molasses concentrated waste liquid is 1.3 to 3:1.

[0011] Preferably, the peanut bran is peanut bran which is a by-product of peanut oil pressing; and the molasses concentrated waste liquid is molasses concentrated waste liquid which is a by-product of alcohol production.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the suspension aid to the antibacterial agent is 2-3:5-8;

[0013] The suspension aid includes clay substances, high molecular weight polysaccharides and surfactants;

[0014] The mass ratio of the clay material, the high molecular weight polysaccharide and the surfactant is (1-2):(1-2):(1-2).

[0015] Preferably, the clay material includes one or more of sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; the high molecular organic sugar includes one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan and guar gum; the surfactant includes one or more of glyceryl monostearate, sucrose fatty acid ester and fumed silica; the antibacterial agent includes one or more of potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate.

[0016] Preferably, the particle fineness of the suspended fertilizer is ≥120 mesh.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic suspended fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Mix the peanut bran, humic acid and water, and heat at 80-90° C. for 15-30 minutes to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0019] The first mixed solution is thoroughly mixed with the suspending agent and the amino acid and heated at 80-90° C. for 5-15 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0020] The second mixed solution is fully mixed with molasses concentrated waste liquid and citric acid to obtain a third mixed solution;

[0021] The third mixed liquid is homogenized and cooled to obtain the organic suspended fertilizer.

[0022] The present invention also provides application of the organic suspension fertilizer or the organic suspension fertilizer prepared based on the preparation method in planting.

[0023] Preferably, when used for planting potted plants, the application amount of the organic suspended fertilizer is 0.5-1 g / pot; when used for planting field plants, the application amount of the organic suspended fertilizer is 3-10 L / mu / time.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides an organic suspension fertilizer, which uses organic materials, humic acid, citric acid, amino acids and auxiliary agents as raw materials, wherein the organic materials include peanut bran and molasses concentrated waste liquid; the auxiliary agents include suspending agents and antibacterial agents. The humic acid and molasses waste liquid in the raw materials of the present invention have good water solubility. By controlling the composition and dosage of the raw materials, the problems of difficult disintegration, low utilization rate and serious wind loss of traditional organic fertilizers are overcome. The organic slurry has good dispersibility in water, is easy to apply evenly, and is in contact with the soil to improve the soil aggregate structure to the greatest extent. After the organic suspension fertilizer of the present invention is mixed with water in different proportions, it has good dispersibility in water and can be evenly dispersed in water without sedimentation in a short time. After being flushed with water, the fluid is good, and most of the tiny particles can evenly infiltrate the soil. The organic suspension fertilizer of the present invention has good dispersibility in water and can be used for topdressing. During the topdressing process, it can adhere to the leaves of crops and infiltrate quickly. The organic suspended fertilizer of the present invention can be applied by drip irrigation, ground spraying, water flushing or hole application, etc., which is convenient to use and saves labor and effort. The nutrient components of the organic suspended fertilizer provided by the present invention can be evenly absorbed by crops, and there is no uneven nutrient application. In addition, low-cost waste that is not fully water-soluble is used as an organic matter source, which saves costs and is conducive to resource recycling.

[0026] In the process of preparing the organic suspended fertilizer, the peanut bran in the raw material is heated. During the heating and stirring process, the protein chain of the peanut bran is unfolded and can be paired with the humic acid molecules, thereby reducing the hydrophobicity and further improving the dispersibility of the organic suspended fertilizer in water. When used for drip irrigation, it will not cause system blockage, can evenly move to the root system of crops with water, and has a significant promoting effect on crop growth and yield improvement. When the organic suspended fertilizer of the present invention is applied in holes, it can quickly and efficiently adhere to the root system of the crop, and has a significant promoting effect on the growth of the root system of the crop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The emulsion stability of the organic suspended fertilizer of Examples 1 to 8 was measured after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0029] Figure 2 The emulsion stability of the organic suspended fertilizer of Examples 1 to 5 measured after centrifugation at 800 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the organic suspended fertilizer of Examples 1 to 5 after centrifugation at 800 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0031] Figure 4 The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0032] Figure 5 The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 after centrifugation at 800 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0033] Figure 6 The emulsion stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 9 to Example 11 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0034] Figure 7 The emulsion stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 9 to Example 11 after centrifugation at 800 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0035] Figure 8 The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Comparative Examples 4 to 6 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0036] Fig. 9 The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0037] Fig.10 The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after centrifugation at 800 rpm for 5 minutes;

[0038] Fig.11 is the pH value of the organic suspended fertilizer of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 24 hours;

[0039] Fig.12 is the pH value of the organic suspended fertilizer of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 7 days;

[0040] Fig.13 is the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 24 hours;

[0041] Fig.14 is the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 7 days;

[0042] Fig.15The emulsion stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes;

[0043] Fig.16 is the pH value of the organic suspended fertilizer of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 24 hours;

[0044] Fig.17 is the pH value of the organic suspended fertilizer of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 3 days;

[0045] Fig.18 is the pH value of the organic suspended fertilizer of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 7 days;

[0046] Fig.19 is the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 3 days;

[0047] Fig. 20 is the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 5 days;

[0048] Fig.21 is the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 7 days;

[0049] Fig. 22 The results of the shelf life experiments of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 24 to Example 25 are as follows;

[0050] Fig.23 The growth status of tomato seedlings with different fertilizer treatments;

[0051] Fig.24 Stem diameter of cucumber potted plants under different fertilizer treatments;

[0052] Fig.25 SPAD values ​​of cucumber potted plants under different fertilization treatments;

[0053] Fig.26 N content of cucumber potted plants under different fertilization treatments;

[0054] Fig. 27 This is the first experimental result of seed germination rate;

[0055] Fig.28 This is the result of the second experiment on seed germination rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention provides an organic suspended fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials, measured by weight: 250-340 parts of materials containing organic matter, 20-40 parts of humic acid, 0.5-50 parts of citric acid, 0-5 parts of amino acids, 70-110 parts of additives and 455-659 parts of water;

[0057] The organic matter-containing materials include high-protein materials and weakly acidic materials;

[0058] The auxiliary agents include suspension auxiliary agents and antibacterial agents.

[0059] In the present invention, the high-protein material preferably includes one or more of peanut bran, soybean meal and rapeseed bran; the weakly acidic material preferably includes molasses concentrated waste liquid; the humic acid preferably includes mineral potassium humate; and the amino acid preferably includes polyglutamic acid.

[0060] In the present invention, the raw materials of the organic suspended fertilizer include 250 to 340 parts of materials containing organic matter, preferably 270 to 300 parts, by weight. The materials containing organic matter in the present invention include peanut bran and molasses concentrated waste liquid; the mass ratio of the peanut bran to the molasses concentrated waste liquid is preferably 1.3 to 3:1. The peanut bran in the present invention is preferably peanut bran, a byproduct of peanut oil extraction, wherein the organic matter content is preferably 70%; the molasses concentrated waste liquid is preferably molasses concentrated waste liquid, a byproduct of alcohol production, wherein the organic matter content is preferably 50%. The present invention uses peanut bran and molasses concentrated waste liquid as materials containing organic matter, wherein the peanut bran can provide protein and humic acid to form a network structure together, and the C / N ratio of the peanut bran is more conducive to the growth of soil microorganisms than waste materials such as corn stalks. Molasses concentrate can provide weak acid and lactic acid bacteria, maintaining an acidic environment with a pH range of 4 to 5, to overcome the problem that peanut bran is prone to mold and stink under alkaline conditions (even if a large amount of antibacterial agents such as potassium sorbate are added, it will still stink). In addition, the application of molasses concentrate waste liquid helps to increase crop yields.

[0061] In the present invention, based on the mass fraction of the material containing organic matter, the raw material of the organic suspended fertilizer includes 20 to 40 parts of potassium humate, preferably 30 parts; the humic acid includes mineral source potassium humate. The humic acid of the present invention can be paired with the protein chain unfolded by the peanut bran during the heating and stirring process, thereby reducing the hydrophobicity of the organic suspended fertilizer and further improving the dispersibility of the organic suspended fertilizer in water.

[0062] In the present invention, based on the mass fraction of the material containing organic matter, the raw materials of the organic suspended fertilizer include 0.5 to 50 parts of citric acid, preferably 0.5 parts;

[0063] In the present invention, based on the mass fraction of the material containing organic matter, the raw materials of the organic suspension fertilizer include 0 to 5 parts of amino acids; the amino acids include polyglutamic acid. Polyglutamic acid has a root-promoting effect and maintains the stability of the system.

[0064] In the present invention, based on the mass percentage of the material containing organic matter, the raw materials of the organic suspended fertilizer include 70 to 110 parts of additives, preferably 80 to 100 parts, and more preferably 90 parts;

[0065] In the present invention, the auxiliary agent preferably includes a suspension auxiliary agent and an antibacterial agent; the mass ratio of the suspension auxiliary agent to the antibacterial agent is preferably 2-3:5-8; the suspension auxiliary agent preferably includes a clay substance, a high molecular weight polysaccharide and a surfactant; the mass ratio of the clay substance, the high molecular weight polysaccharide and the surfactant is preferably (1-2):(1-2):(1-2); the clay substance preferably includes one or more of sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; the high molecular weight organic sugar preferably includes one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan and guar gum; the surfactant preferably includes one or more of glyceryl monostearate, sucrose fatty acid ester and fumed silica; the antibacterial agent preferably includes one or more of potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate.

[0066] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the components in the suspending agent is preferably sodium bentonite: xanthan gum: carrageenan: glyceryl monostearate: sucrose fatty acid ester = (12-18): (10-15): (1-1.4): (5-8): (5-8).

[0067] In the present invention, based on the mass fraction of the material containing organic matter, the raw material of the organic suspended fertilizer includes 455 to 659 parts of water. In the present invention, the total mass fraction of the raw material of the organic suspended fertilizer is preferably 1000 parts.

[0068] In the present invention, the particle fineness of the suspended fertilizer is ≥120 mesh.

[0069] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic suspended fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0070] Mix the peanut bran, humic acid and water, and heat at 80-90° C. for 15-30 minutes to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0071] Adding a suspending agent and an amino acid to the first mixed solution, mixing thoroughly and heating at 80 to 90° C. for 5 to 15 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0072] adding molasses concentrated waste liquid and citric acid to the second mixed liquid to obtain a third mixed liquid;

[0073] The third mixed liquid is homogenized and cooled to obtain the organic suspended fertilizer.

[0074] In the present invention, when preparing the first mixed solution, the heating time is preferably 15 to 30 minutes, more preferably 20 minutes; when preparing the second mixed solution, the heating time is preferably 15 to 30 minutes, more preferably 10 minutes.

[0075] In the present invention, the homogenization condition is preferably 2000-3000r / min, the homogenization time is preferably 30s-5min, more preferably 30s-1min, and more preferably 30s; the present invention homogenizes the third mixed solution to make the organic suspended fertilizer system more uniform. The present invention limits the homogenization conditions to make the system uniform and stable and avoid the generation of bubbles.

[0076] In the present invention, the organic matter content in the organic suspended fertilizer is relatively high, reaching 20wt% to 35wt%. The present invention adjusts the preparation process and only needs one homogenization treatment to make the organic suspended fertilizer maintain uniform fluidity for a long time without stratification and agglomeration.

[0077] The present invention also provides the application of the organic suspension fertilizer described in the above technical solution or the organic suspension fertilizer prepared based on the above method in planting.

[0078] In the present invention, when the organic suspended fertilizer is used for planting potted plants, the application amount is preferably 0.5-1g / pot; when used for planting field plants, the application amount of the organic suspended fertilizer is preferably 3-10L / mu / time, more preferably 5-8L / mu / time, and more preferably 6L / mu / time.

[0079] In order to further illustrate the present invention, an organic suspended fertilizer provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0080] The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of the substances in the examples, and conventional commercial products can be used;

[0081] The fertilizers used in the embodiments of the present invention include: commercial humic acid fertilizer (denoted as QCG) (melaleuca root, purchased from Guangxi Suber Agricultural Company); commercial amino acid fertilizer (denoted as GWS) (Guan Wushuang, purchased from Syngenta), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (denoted as YHS) (organic water-soluble fertilizer fermented peanut bran nutrient solution, purchased from Guangxi Jinsui Ecological Technology Group Co., Ltd.).

[0082] In the table of the examples of the present invention, letters such as "a, b, c, d" all indicate significant differences.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] 1. Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass proportions:

[0085] 180 parts of peanut bran, 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid from mineral source, 21.9 parts of additives, 100 parts of molasses concentrated waste liquid and 668.1 parts of water, 1 part is 1000g;

[0086] The 21.9 parts of auxiliary agents are composed of 5 parts of sodium bentonite, 4 parts of xanthan gum, 0.4 parts of carrageenan, 8 parts of potassium sorbate, 0.5 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of monostearate glyceryl, and 2 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester.

[0087] 2. The preparation method of organic suspended fertilizer consists of the following steps:

[0088] Mix peanut bran, mineral potassium humate and water, heat and stir at 85°C for 20 minutes, then slowly add auxiliary agents, heat and stir at 85°C for 10 minutes, add molasses concentrated waste liquid, mix thoroughly, and use a colloid mill to homogenize once (3000rpm, 30s), cool and can, and obtain organic suspended fertilizer.

[0089] Embodiments 2 to 8

[0090] An organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 1, wherein:

[0091] The types of raw materials in Examples 2 to 8 are the same as those in Example 1, but the mass fractions of peanut bran and water are different, and the mass percentages of peanut bran in the final prepared raw materials are different; as shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Percentage of raw materials in Examples 1 to 8

[0093]

[0094] Test Example 1 Effect of Peanut Bran Dosage on Organic Suspension Fertilizer

[0095] The organic suspension fertilizer obtained in Examples 1 to 8 was allowed to stand for 24 hours and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes; the organic suspension fertilizer obtained in Examples 1 to 5 was allowed to stand for 24 hours and then centrifuged at 800 rpm for 5 minutes. After the organic suspension fertilizer was centrifuged, the centrifuge tube was taken out to observe the emulsification, and the height of the emulsion layer and the total height of the liquid in the tube were recorded. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The emulsion stability was calculated according to emulsion stability (ES) (%) = (height of the emulsion layer in the centrifuge tube / total height of the liquid in the centrifuge tube) × 100. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Figures 1 to 3 shown.

[0096] Table 2 Emulsion stability test results of organic suspension fertilizers in Examples 1 to 8

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] According to Table 2 and Figure 1 to Figure 3 It can be seen that with the increase of the amount of peanut bran added, the emulsification stability of the prepared organic suspension fertilizer after centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5min is higher. When the amount of peanut bran added is 18wt% to 20wt%, the emulsification stability of the product is greater than 70% when centrifuged at 800rpm for 5min (enterprise standard), and the product still has a certain fluidity. When the addition amount reaches 22wt% and above, the product is in a weak gel state.

[0100] Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0101] The organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 3, wherein the types of raw materials of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were the same as those of Example 3, but the preparation methods were different, as shown in Table 3.

[0102] Table 3 Method for preparing organic suspension fertilizer in Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0103]

[0104] Test Example 2 Effect of Heating Time on Organic Suspended Fertilizer

[0105] The emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizer obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was measured in the manner described in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 4 and Figures 4-5 shown.

[0106] Table 4 Emulsification stability of organic suspended fertilizers in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0107]

[0108] From Table 4 and Figure 4-5 It can be seen that the emulsification stability of the product is higher and the production energy consumption is lower under the heating time of 30 minutes.

[0109] Examples 9 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6

[0110] The organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 1, wherein the types of raw materials in Examples 9 to 11 were the same as those in Example 1, the mass fractions of humic acid and water were different, and the mass percentages of humic acid in the final prepared raw materials were different; specifically, as shown in Table 5;

[0111] The organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 1, wherein the types of raw materials in Comparative Examples 4 to 6 were the same as those in Example 1, except that different weight portions of humic acid (recorded as root) that could not form a weak gel after modification were used to replace the mineral potassium humate, so that the organic suspended fertilizer was neutral; the weight portions of humic acid and water were different, and the weight percentages of humic acid in the final prepared raw materials were different; as shown in Table 6.

[0112] Table 5 Percentage of raw materials in Examples 9 to 11

[0113]

[0114] Table 6 Percentage of raw materials in Comparative Examples 4 to 6

[0115]

[0116] Test Example 3

[0117] 1. Effect of humic acid addition on organic suspension fertilizer: The emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizers obtained in Example 1 and Example 9 to Example 11 was measured in the manner described in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 7 and Figures 6-7 Shown

[0118] Table 7 Emulsification stability of organic suspended fertilizers in Example 1 and Example 9 to Example 11

[0119]

[0120] From Table 7 and Figures 6-7 It can be seen that when the addition amount of humic acid is 2% and 3%, the emulsification stability of the product sample is higher.

[0121] 2. Effect of humic acid types on organic suspension fertilizers: The emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizers obtained in Comparative Examples 4 to 6 was measured using the method described in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 8 and Figure 8 shown.

[0122] Table 8 Emulsification stability of organic suspended fertilizer of comparative examples 4 to 6

[0123]

[0124] From Table 8 and Figure 8It can be seen that when 3% of mineral potassium humate is added, the prepared organic suspension fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability after centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5 minutes, which is 67.51%. After replacing the mineral potassium humate with 6% of humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification, the prepared organic suspension fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability after centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5 minutes, which is 69.16%. At this time, the emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizer using 6% of humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification as the humic acid raw material is slightly higher than that using 3% mineral potassium humate as the humic acid raw material; and according to It can be seen from Tables 8 and 7 that when 3% of mineral potassium humate is added, the prepared organic suspension fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability of 98.95 after centrifugation at 800rpm for 5 minutes. When 12% of humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification is replaced with mineral potassium humate, the prepared organic suspension fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability of 96.84% after centrifugation at 800rpm for 5 minutes. At this time, the emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizer using mineral potassium humate as the humic acid raw material is slightly higher than that using 6% of humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification as the humic acid raw material.

[0125] Therefore, in subsequent research, we designed two situations: using 3% mineral potassium humate as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer was neutral; and using 6% humic acid that was modified and could not form a weak gel as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer was alkaline, to study the effect of the addition amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid and citric acid on the organic suspended fertilizer.

[0126] Examples 12 to 17

[0127] An organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, wherein the types of raw materials in Examples 12 to 14 were the same as those in Example 1, 3% mineral potassium humate was used as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer was neutral (referred to as humic acid). The difference was that the mass fractions of the molasses concentrated waste liquid and the mass fractions of water were different, and the mass percentages of the molasses concentrated waste liquid in the final prepared raw materials were different;

[0128] The types of raw materials in Examples 15 to 17 are the same as those in Comparative Example 5, with 6% humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer is alkaline (recorded as roots). The difference is that the mass fractions of molasses concentrated waste liquid and the mass fractions of water are different, and the mass percentages of molasses concentrated waste liquid in the final prepared raw materials are different; as shown in Table 9.

[0129] Table 9 Percentage of raw materials in Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Test Example 4

[0133] 1. The emulsification stability of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 was measured by the method described in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 10 and Figure 9-10 shown.

[0134] Table 10 Emulsification stability of organic suspended fertilizers in Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17

[0135]

[0136] From Table 10 and Figure 9-10 It can be seen that when the humic acid raw material used is humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification, the organic suspended fertilizer is alkaline, and the amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid is 5wt% to 10wt%, the prepared organic suspended fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability; when the humic acid raw material used is mineral potassium humate, the organic suspended fertilizer is neutral, and the amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid is 10wt%, the prepared organic suspended fertilizer has the strongest emulsification stability.

[0137] 2. The pH values ​​of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 were measured after standing for 24 hours and 7 days, respectively. The results are shown in Tables 11 and Figure 11-12 shown.

[0138] Table 11 pH values ​​of organic suspended fertilizers in Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 24 hours and 7 days respectively

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] From Table 11 and Figure 11-12 It can be seen that after standing for 24 hours, the average pH of the fertilizer of molasses concentrated waste liquid at a 5% addition amount is 7.17. Affected by the alkaline humic acid raw materials, its pH and kinematic viscosity gradually decrease over time; while the opposite is true in the products prepared with neutral humic acid raw materials.

[0142] 3. After the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 were left to stand for 24 hours, their kinematic viscosities were measured using a GB / T1723 four-coated viscometer (Daniel Mikla et al., 2007; Paulina Bogusz et al., 2022), specifically: 100 mL of organic suspension fertilizer was added to the viscometer, and its total dripping time from the 4 mm mouth was measured, and the kinematic viscosity was calculated. The results are shown in Tables 12 and Fig.13 shown.

[0143] Table 12 Kinematic viscosity of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 24 hours

[0144]

[0145] 4. After the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 were left to stand for 7 days, their kinematic viscosities were measured in accordance with the method described in step (1). The results are shown in Tables 13 and Fig.14 Shown

[0146] Table 13 Kinematic viscosity of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 7 days

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] From Table 12 to Table 13 and Figure 13-14 It can be seen that, affected by the alkaline humic acid raw materials, the organic suspended fertilizer showed a weak gel state when it was left standing for 1 day, but its kinematic viscosity gradually decreased over time. The performance was the opposite in the products prepared with neutral humic acid raw materials. After standing for 1 day, when the addition amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid was 10wt%, the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizer was the largest. After standing for 7 days, when the addition amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid was 5wt% to 10wt%, the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizer was the largest. Therefore, 10wt% was taken as the optimal addition amount of molasses concentrated waste liquid.

[0150] Examples 18 to 23

[0151] An organic suspended fertilizer was prepared in the manner of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, wherein: the types of raw materials in Examples 18 to 23 were the same as those in Example 1, 3% potassium humate from mineral sources was used as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer was neutral (referred to as humic acid). The difference was that the mass fractions of citric acid and water were different, and the mass percentages of citric acid in the final prepared raw materials were different;

[0152] The types of raw materials in Examples 21 to 23 are the same as those in Comparative Example 5, with 6% humic acid that cannot form a weak gel after modification being used as the humic acid raw material, and the organic suspended fertilizer is alkaline (recorded as roots). The difference is that the mass fractions of citric acid and water are different, and the mass percentages of citric acid in the final prepared raw materials are different; as shown in Table 14.

[0153] Table 14 Percentage of raw materials in Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23

[0154]

[0155] Test Example 5

[0156] 1. Effect of citric acid addition on the emulsification stability of organic suspended fertilizer

[0157] The emulsification stability of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 was measured in the manner described in Test Example 1, except that the centrifugation conditions were 3000 rpm for 10 min. The results are shown in Tables 15 and Fig.15 shown.

[0158] Table 15 Emulsion stability of organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 min

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] From Table 15 and Fig.15 It can be seen that when the addition amount of citric acid is 0.05wt%, the emulsification stability of the prepared organic suspended fertilizer is the best.

[0162] 2. Effect of citric acid addition on pH of organic suspended fertilizer

[0163] (1) The pH values ​​of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5, and Examples 18 to 23 were measured after standing for 24 hours. The results are shown in Tables 16 and 17. Fig.16 shown.

[0164] Table 16 pH values ​​of organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 24 hours

[0165]

[0166] (2) The pH values ​​of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 were measured after standing for 3 days. The results are shown in Tables 17 and Fig.17 shown.

[0167] Table 17 pH values ​​of organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 3 days

[0168]

[0169] (3) The pH values ​​of the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 were measured after standing for 7 days. The results are shown in Tables 18 and Fig.18 shown.

[0170] Table 18 pH values ​​of organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 after standing for 7 days

[0171]

[0172] From Table 16 to Table 18 and Figure 16 to Figure 18 It can be seen that the pH values ​​of organic suspended fertilizers with different citric acid addition amounts are not much different, and the amount of citric acid added has little effect on the pH of organic suspended fertilizers.

[0173] 3. Effect of citric acid addition on kinematic viscosity of organic suspension fertilizer

[0174] (1) After the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 were left to stand for 3 days, their kinematic viscosities were measured in accordance with the method described in Test Example 4. The results are shown in Tables 19 and Fig.19 shown.

[0175] Table 19 Kinematic viscosity of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 3 days

[0176]

[0177] (2) After the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 were left to stand for 5 days, their kinematic viscosities were measured in accordance with the method described in Test Example 4. The results are shown in Tables 20 and 21. Fig. 20 shown.

[0178] Table 20 Kinematic viscosity of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 5 days

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] (3) After the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 18 to 23 were left to stand for 7 days, their kinematic viscosities were measured in accordance with the method described in Test Example 4. The results are shown in Tables 21 and 22. Fig.21 Shown

[0182] Table 21 Kinematic viscosity of the organic suspension fertilizers of Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Examples 12 to 17 after standing for 7 days

[0183]

[0184] From Table 19 to Table 21 and Figure 19 to Figure 21It can be seen that after standing for 1 day, affected by the alkaline humic acid raw materials, the higher the amount of citric acid added, the greater the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizer, while the opposite is true for products prepared with neutral humic acid raw materials; after standing for 3 days and 7 days, when the amount of citric acid added was 0.05wt%~0.20wt%, the kinematic viscosity of the organic suspended fertilizer was not much different.

[0185] Embodiment 24

[0186] 1. Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass proportions:

[0187] 200 parts of peanut bran, 25 parts of mineral potassium humate, 25 parts of additives, 100 parts of molasses concentrated waste liquid and 650 parts of water, 1 part is 1000g;

[0188] The 25 parts of additives are composed of 6 parts of sodium bentonite, 4 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 parts of carrageenan, 5 parts of potassium sorbate, 5 parts of sodium benzoate, 0.5 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of monostearate glyceryl, and 2 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester.

[0189] 2. The preparation method of organic suspended fertilizer consists of the following steps:

[0190] Mix peanut bran, mineral potassium humate and water, heat and stir at 85°C for 20 minutes, then slowly add additives, heat and stir at 85°C for 10 minutes, add molasses concentrated waste liquid, mix thoroughly, and use a colloid mill to homogenize once (3000r / min, 30s), cool and can, and obtain organic suspended fertilizer.

[0191] Embodiment 25

[0192] 1. Prepare the raw materials according to the following mass proportions:

[0193] 200 parts of peanut bran, 25 parts of potassium fulvic acid from mineral source, 20.7 parts of additives, 100 parts of molasses concentrated waste liquid and 654.3 parts of water, 1 part is 1000g;

[0194] The 20.7 parts of additives are composed of 6 parts of sodium bentonite, 3 parts of xanthan gum, 0.2 parts of carrageenan, 1 part of polyglutamic acid, 6 parts of potassium sorbate, 2 parts of sodium benzoate, 0.5 parts of citric acid, 1 part of glyceryl monostearate, and 1 part of sucrose fatty acid ester.

[0195] 2. The preparation method of organic suspended fertilizer consists of the following steps:

[0196] Mix peanut bran, mineral potassium humate and water, heat and stir at 85°C for 20 minutes, then slowly add additives, heat and stir at 85°C for 10 minutes, add molasses concentrated waste liquid, mix thoroughly, and use a colloid mill to homogenize once (3000r / min, 30s), cool and can, and obtain organic suspended fertilizer.

[0197] Test Example 6

[0198] The organic suspended fertilizers prepared in Example 1, Example 24 and Example 25 were used as samples and subjected to destructive tests and shelf life tests, respectively.

[0199] (1) Destructive test: The sample of each embodiment was divided into three parts and placed in 40°C, room temperature (25°C), and 0°C environments respectively. After one month, the delamination, flatulence, and freezing of the samples were observed.

[0200] As a result, the samples of Example 1 and Example 29 did not show any bloating phenomenon, but they all showed stratification, which would become uniform again after shaking; the sample of Example 24 was in the best state, without any stratification phenomenon, the organic suspended fertilizer would freeze at 0°C, no bloating phenomenon would occur, the suspension effect was good, and the organic material was evenly dispersed.

[0201] (2) Shelf life test: The samples of Example 1 and Examples 24 to 25 were placed in the same warehouse at a storage condition of below 55° C., away from light and well ventilated. The condition of the samples was observed after 3 months.

[0202] The results are as follows Fig. 22 As shown, Fig. 22 , from left to right are the organic suspended fertilizers of Example 1, Example 24, Example 24 and Example 25. It can be seen that in the shelf life test, the samples of Example 1 and Example 25 did not show flatulence, but both showed stratification, which would become uniform again after shaking; the product prepared in Example 24 was in the best state, without stratification and precipitation, and without flatulence or air inhalation.

[0203] Test Example 7

[0204] The cucumber potted plants were divided into 5 groups including clean water (CK), commercial amino acid fertilizer (GWS), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (YHS), commercial humic acid fertilizer (QCG) and organic suspension fertilizer (GAI) prepared in Example 24. Each group was set up with 4 replicates. The above cucumber potted plants were routinely cultured for a total of 15 days, and the fertilization frequency was 3 days / time.

[0205] Starting from June 13, 2023, the above fertilizers were applied to the cucumber seedlings in pots as follows:

[0206] CK: In addition to regular irrigation, 60 g of water was applied to each pot every 3 days;

[0207] GWS: Fertilize once every 3 days. Dilute the fertilizer 300 times before fertilization. Apply 60g of the diluted fertilizer to each pot, so that the effective amount of fertilizer applied in each pot is 0.2g.

[0208] YHS: Fertilize once every 3 days. Dilute the fertilizer 300 times before fertilization. Apply 60g of the diluted fertilizer to each pot, so that the effective amount of fertilizer applied to each potted plant is 0.2g.

[0209] QCG: Fertilize once every 3 days. Dilute the fertilizer 300 times before fertilization. Apply 60g of the diluted fertilizer to each pot, so that the effective amount of fertilizer applied to each potted plant is 0.2g.

[0210] GAI: Fertilize once every 3 days. Dilute the fertilizer 300 times before fertilization. Apply 60g of the diluted fertilizer to each pot, so that the effective amount of fertilizer applied in each potted plant is 0.2g.

[0211] The fertilization and / or watering time of the above five groups of potted plants was kept consistent. The 4 groups of potted plants that were fertilized were fertilized 5 times in total, and the cumulative fertilizer application amount for each potted plant was 1g. The growth conditions of the cucumber seedlings corresponding to the above five groups of potted plants are as follows: Fig.23 As shown, from left to right are CK, GWS, YHS, QCG and GAI.

[0212] (1) After the cultivation was completed, the stem diameters of the five groups of potted plants were measured. The results are shown in Tables 22 and Fig.24 shown.

[0213] Table 22 Stem diameter of cucumber potted plants with different fertilization treatments

[0214]

[0215] (2) After the cultivation, the SPAD values ​​of the above five groups of potted plants were measured respectively. The results are shown in Table 23 and Fig.25 shown.

[0216] Table 23 SPAD values ​​of cucumber potted plants under different fertilization treatments

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] (3) After the cultivation, the N content in the above five groups of potted plants was measured. The results are shown in Table 24 and Fig.26 shown.

[0220] Table 24 N content of cucumber potted plants under different fertilization treatments

[0221]

[0222] From Table 22 to Table 24 and Figure 23 to Figure 26 It can be seen that the organic suspended fertilizer provided by the present invention can increase the chlorophyll content, N content and stem thickness in cucumber seedlings and has a better growth-promoting effect compared with other organic fertilizers.

[0223] Test Example 9

[0224] Cucumber seeds were divided into 5 groups: clean water (CK), commercial amino acid fertilizer (GWS), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (YHS), commercial humic acid fertilizer (QCG) and organic suspension fertilizer (GAI) prepared in Example 24. Twenty seeds were used in each group and treated as follows. The seeds were cultured at 25°C for 60 h. Each group was repeated twice. The results are shown in Tables 25 and 26. Figure 27-28 As shown, where:

[0225] Clean water (CK): Add 10 mL of water to a plate lined with filter paper to soak the seeds;

[0226] YHS: Add 10 mL of 800-fold diluted fertilizer solution to a plate lined with filter paper to soak the seeds;

[0227] GWS: Add 10 mL of 800-fold diluted fertilizer solution to a plate lined with filter paper to soak the seeds;

[0228] QCG: Add 10 mL of 800-fold diluted fertilizer solution to a plate lined with filter paper and soak the seeds;

[0229] GAI: Add 10 mL of 800-fold diluted fertilizer solution to a plate lined with filter paper and soak the seeds.

[0230] Table 25 Seed germination rate experimental results

[0231]

[0232] Fig. 27 and Fig.28 The results of the seed germination rate experiment are as follows: Fig. 27 From left to right are clean water (CK), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (YHS), commercial amino acid fertilizer (GWS), organic suspension fertilizer prepared in Example 24 (GAI), and commercial humic acid fertilizer (QCG); Fig.28 From left to right, they are clean water (CK), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (YHS-1), commercial amino acid fertilizer (GWS), commercial peanut bran fertilizer (YHS-2), organic suspension fertilizer (GAI) prepared in Example 24, and commercial humic acid fertilizer (QCG). Fig.28 It can be seen that the organic suspended fertilizer provided by the present invention can significantly improve the seed germination rate and germination index, and is more conducive to seed germination.

[0233] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic suspended fertilizer, characterized in that: The raw materials are composed of the following materials by weight: 250-340 parts of materials containing organic matter, 20-40 parts of humic acid, 0.5-50 parts of citric acid, 0-5 parts of amino acid, 70-110 parts of auxiliary agent and 455-659 parts of water; The organic matter-containing materials are high-protein materials and weakly acidic materials; The high-protein material is one or more of peanut bran, soybean meal and rapeseed bran; the weakly acidic material is molasses concentrated waste liquid; the humic acid is mineral-source potassium humate; and the amino acid is polyglutamic acid; The auxiliary agent includes a suspension auxiliary agent and an antibacterial agent; The mass ratio of the peanut bran to the molasses concentrated waste liquid is 1.3-3:1; The preparation method of the organic suspended fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the peanut bran, humic acid and water, and heating at 80-90° C. for 15-30 minutes to obtain a first mixed solution; The first mixed solution is thoroughly mixed with the suspending agent and the amino acid and heated at 80-90° C. for 5-15 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution; The second mixed solution is fully mixed with molasses concentrated waste liquid and citric acid to obtain a third mixed solution; The third mixed liquid is homogenized and cooled to obtain the organic suspended fertilizer.

2. The organic suspended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The peanut bran is peanut bran which is a byproduct of peanut oil pressing; and the molasses concentrated waste liquid is molasses concentrated waste liquid which is a byproduct of alcohol production.

3. The organic suspended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the suspension aid to the antibacterial agent is 2-3:5-8; The suspension aid includes clay substances, high molecular weight polysaccharides and surfactants; The mass ratio of the clay material, the high molecular weight polysaccharide and the surfactant is (1~2):(1~2):(1~2).

4. The organic suspended fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The clay material includes one or more of sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; The high molecular weight polysaccharide includes one or more of xanthan gum, carrageenan and guar gum; The surfactant includes one or more of glyceryl monostearate, sucrose fatty acid ester and fumed silica; The antibacterial agent includes one or more of potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate.

5. The organic suspension fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The particle fineness of the suspended fertilizer is ≥120 meshes.

6. The method for preparing an organic suspension fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Mix the peanut bran, humic acid and water, and heat at 80-90° C. for 15-30 min to obtain a first mixed solution; The first mixed solution is thoroughly mixed with the suspending agent and the amino acid and heated at 80-90° C. for 5-15 minutes to obtain a second mixed solution; The second mixed solution is fully mixed with molasses concentrated waste liquid and citric acid to obtain a third mixed solution; The third mixed liquid is homogenized and cooled to obtain the organic suspended fertilizer.

7. Use of the organic suspension fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the organic suspension fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to claim 6 in planting.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: When used for planting potted plants, the amount of the organic suspended fertilizer applied is 0.5-1 g / pot; When used for planting field plants, the application amount of the organic suspended fertilizer is 3-10 L / mu / time.

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