External wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer, wherein the exterior wall structure is composed of a wall layer, a shaped phase change board layer and a heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside, wherein: the wall layer is provided with a substrate and a press-type self-locking base; the shaped phase change board layer is connected to the wall layer by a press-type self-locking base, and includes a shaped composite phase change wallboard and a composite phase change material, the shaped composite phase change wallboard is composed of a plurality of polycarbonate hollow boards assembled in a modular manner, and the polycarbonate hollow board is provided with a first groove and a second groove; the composite phase change material is filled into the first groove of the polycarbonate hollow board, and the composite phase change material is made of a phase change material using a porous adsorption matrix; the heat insulation layer includes at least one group of heat insulation wallboards, and the heat insulation board of each group of heat insulation wallboards is at least partially inserted into the second groove. The exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer of the present invention can meet the phase change temperature requirements of different application scenarios and is easy to load and unload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, and in particular to an exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer. Background Art

[0002] Energy is the cornerstone of human survival and the foundation of social development. With the rapid development of my country's industrial technology, the demand for energy is on the rise. Among them, the construction field accounts for a large proportion of the total social energy consumption, accounting for about 30% of the total social energy consumption. Moreover, with the improvement of living standards, people have higher requirements for indoor thermal environment, which will continue to increase the proportion of building energy consumption, thereby accelerating the depletion of energy. Therefore, the development of building energy-saving technology is imperative and is the research focus in the field of construction.

[0003] Phase change materials, as a functional material with heat storage capacity, can store and release a large amount of heat through phase changes at almost constant temperature. Applying it in the construction field and combining it with building materials can effectively improve the thermal properties of the building envelope, thereby reducing indoor temperature fluctuations, controlling the room temperature within the thermal comfort zone of the human body, and reducing the probability of using high-power electrical appliances such as air conditioners, thereby achieving energy saving. However, studies have shown that the existing technology for the application of phase change materials as phase change energy storage wall panels in the construction field has a relatively simple structure and cannot meet the phase change temperature requirements of different application scenarios, resulting in poor indoor temperature regulation. In addition, the installation and disassembly are more troublesome, and the subsequent maintenance and replacement costs are high, making it difficult to promote and apply.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a phase change material layer exterior wall structure that can meet the phase change temperature requirements of different application scenarios and is easy to load and unload to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides an insulation board with low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation effect, and an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material wall panel with improved heat storage and energy saving effect, convenient construction, and modular production, installation and replacement. The composite phase change material in the fixed phase change material wall panel can achieve phase change temperature adjustable within a certain range according to the amount of temperature regulator added, thereby overcoming the drawbacks of the phase change wall panel in different application scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer, wherein the exterior wall structure comprises a wall layer, a shaped phase change board layer and a heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside, wherein:

[0007] The wall layer is formed by stacking sintered bricks alternately horizontally and vertically by solid stacking method, and the wall layer is provided with a base plate, and the base plate is provided with at least one set of press-to-lock bases;

[0008] A shaped phase-change plate layer, which is connected to the wall layer by pressing a self-locking base, wherein the shaped phase-change plate layer includes a shaped composite phase-change wallboard and a composite phase-change material, wherein the shaped composite phase-change wallboard is composed of a plurality of polycarbonate hollow plates assembled in a modular manner, wherein the polycarbonate hollow plate is provided with a first groove and a second groove; wherein the composite phase-change material is filled into the first groove of the polycarbonate hollow plate, and the composite phase-change material is made of a phase-change material using a porous adsorption matrix, wherein the phase-change material is prepared from at least sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate and a temperature regulator by a preset ratio, wherein, by mass percentage, the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is 68% to 78%, the sodium acetate trihydrate is 18% to 22%, and the temperature regulator is 1% to 14%;

[0009] The heat-insulating layer comprises at least one group of heat-insulating wall panels, each group of heat-insulating wall panels is composed of at least two heat-insulating boards assembled in a modular manner, wherein one end of the heat-insulating board of each group of heat-insulating wall panels is at least partially inserted into the second groove of the polycarbonate hollow board.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a first mounting hole, and the push-to-lock base is fixed on the wall layer by a first fastener passing through the first mounting hole.

[0011] Furthermore, an external opening is provided at one end of the push-to-lock base perpendicular to the wall direction, and a slide plate, a reset unit, a pull rod and a self-locking hook plate are provided in the push-to-lock base. The slide plate is slidably connected to the push-to-lock base through a slide plate track wheel, and the slide plate is provided with a heart-shaped moving guide groove; the reset unit is respectively installed in the push-to-lock base and on the slide plate, the pull rod is installed in the push-to-lock base, and the self-locking hook plate is connected to the slide plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the press-to-self-locking base is also provided with a hook plate guide rail, and one end of the hook plate guide rail is higher than the other end of the hook plate guide rail in the height direction; the self-locking hook plate is provided with a hook plate guide wheel, and the self-locking hook plate is slidably connected to the hook plate guide rail through the hook plate guide wheel, and the hook plate guide wheel can slide along the hook plate guide rail.

[0013] Furthermore, the polycarbonate hollow board is also provided with a fixing groove, the fixing groove is installed with a fixing base, one end of the fixing base is provided with a fixing card plate, and the fixing card plate is provided with a second mounting hole, the other end of the fixing base is provided with a push plate, and the push plate is provided with a locking groove; wherein, the fixing base is fixed to the polycarbonate hollow board by passing the second fastener through the second mounting hole and the fixing groove of the polycarbonate hollow board.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulation layer is designed with a sealing cover plate, through which each group of insulation wall panels is sealed and waterproof; the insulation board is composed of at least one of rock wool insulation board, graphite polystyrene board and extruded polystyrene board.

[0015] Furthermore, the push-to-lock base is made of aluminum alloy material.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed base is made of aluminum alloy material.

[0017] Furthermore, the shaped phase change panel layers are respectively assembled and pressed to self-lock, and are installed in a modular manner through horizontal seamlessness and vertical cutting and forming, without the need for glue sealing; the size and specifications of the polycarbonate hollow panels of each block of the shaped phase change panel layer can be customized according to needs.

[0018] Furthermore, the size specifications of each block of the shaped phase change plate layer can be customized as needed.

[0019] Furthermore, the size of each block of the shaped phase change plate layer is set to 600×600 mm, and the thickness is 20-40 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the composite phase change material is composed of at least the following raw materials: 50% to 60% of phase change material, 2% to 6% of nucleating agent, and 40% to 50% of inorganic porous carrier.

[0021] Furthermore, the nucleating agent is one or a mixture of nano-alumina, nano-aluminum nitride, carbon powder, strontium chloride hexahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, and expanded graphite; the inorganic porous carrier has a pore volume of 0.05 to 0.20 cm 3 / g, specific surface area is 25~400m2 / g, thermal conductivity is 0.01~0.25W / (m·K).

[0022] Furthermore, the phase change temperature of the composite phase change material is 35-50° C., the enthalpy value is 150-300 J / g, the supercooling degree is less than 2° C., and there is no phase separation.

[0023] Furthermore, the temperature regulator adopts a compound having both a carbonyl group and an amino group, wherein the compound is at least one of glycine, alanine, urea, formamide, and acetamide, and the compound forms hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms or hydrogen atoms on the molecules of the two phase change materials, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate, thereby weakening the chemical bonding force between the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate phase change materials, so that the phase change temperature of the ternary system phase change material can be adjusted.

[0024] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. The push-type self-locking design can easily dismantle or replace any fixed composite phase change panel without complicated construction procedures. It can be flexibly maintained and improved as needed without demolishing the entire wall, thus saving time and cost, and providing convenience for the upgrade and maintenance of the building's exterior walls.

[0026] 2. It can reduce the transfer of heat from the external environment to the indoor environment, reduce the fluctuation of indoor temperature, and play a good insulation effect, thereby maintaining the stability of indoor temperature, which in turn helps to reduce the use of heating and cooling systems and improve energy efficiency;

[0027] 3. The phase change temperature can be adjusted within a certain range according to the amount of temperature regulator added, thus overcoming the drawbacks of the phase change wallboard in different application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a general layout diagram of the exterior wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer constructed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaped phase change wallboard of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sealing cover plate of the present invention

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the card holder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the overall structural layout diagram of the base of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is the DSC curve of the shaped composite phase change material prepared by the present invention;

[0036] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. Wall layer, 2. Shaped phase change board layer, 3. Insulation layer, 10. Base plate, 11. Press-to-lock base, 20. Shaped composite phase change wall panel, 30. Insulation wall panel, 100. First mounting hole, 101. First fastener, 110. Slide plate guide rail, 111. Slide plate, 112. First clamping column, 113. Second clamping column, 114. Reset spring, 115. Pull rod, 116. Self-locking hook plate, 117. Slide plate rail wheel, 118. Hook plate guide rail, 119. Hook plate Guide wheel, 121, first track, 122, second track, 123, third track, 124, guide core, 125, front guide, 126, first clamping plate, 127, second clamping plate, 200, polycarbonate hollow plate, 201, first slot plate, 202, second slot plate, 203, third slot plate, 204, fixing slot, 220, fixing clamping plate, 221, second mounting hole, 222, push plate, 223, locking slot, 224, second fastener, 300, heat insulation plate, 301, sealing cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer is composed of at least a wall layer 1, a fixed phase change board layer 2 and a heat insulation layer 3 from the inside to the outside.

[0039] Wall layer 1

[0040] The wall layer 1 is formed by stacking sintered bricks alternately horizontally and vertically using a solid stacking method; Figure 1 As shown, the outer side of the wall layer 1 is connected to the base plate 10 of the push-on self-locking base 11, and the push-on self-locking base 11 is provided with an external opening in a direction perpendicular to the wall.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the base plate 10 is provided with a first mounting hole 100 , and the push-to-lock base 11 is fixed to the wall layer 1 through a first fastener 101 passing through the first mounting hole 100 , thereby connecting the push-to-lock base 11 to the outer side of the wall layer 1 through the base plate 10 .

[0042] Stereotyped phase change board layer 2

[0043] refer to Figure 2As shown, the shaped phase change panel layer 2 is connected to the wall layer 1 by pressing the self-locking base 11. The shaped phase change panel layer 2 includes a shaped composite phase change wall panel 20 and a composite phase change material. The transfer of the external temperature is further weakened by the shaped phase change panel layer 2, while reducing the fluctuation of the indoor temperature, thereby achieving a good thermal insulation effect.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the shaped composite phase change wall panel 20 is composed of a plurality of polycarbonate hollow panels 200 modularly assembled, and the polycarbonate hollow panels are provided with a first groove and a second groove; wherein the polycarbonate hollow panels 200 of each group of shaped composite phase change wall panels 20 are divided into a matrix form of 5 rows and 28 columns, and a first groove plate 201, a second groove plate 202 and a third groove plate 203 are provided on the outside, and each group of groove plates is provided with a fixing groove 204, wherein each group of fixing grooves 204 is pre-embedded with a hexagonal anti-loosening nut, so as to install a fixing base, which is connected to the press-on self-locking base 11 on the outside of the wall layer 1 through the fixing base.

[0045] The size of each polycarbonate hollow plate 200 is customized by the operator according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the polycarbonate hollow plate 200 is set to 600×600 mm and the thickness is 20 to 40 mm.

[0046] In the specific implementation process, refer to Figure 4 As shown, one end of the fixed base is designed as a fixed card plate 220, and the fixed card plate 220 is provided with at least two second mounting holes 221. After the fixed base is installed into the fixed groove 204, the second fastener 224 engages with the hexagonal anti-loosening nut pre-embedded in the fixed groove 204 to fix the fixed base on one side of the polycarbonate hollow plate 200; the other end of the fixed base is designed as a push plate 222, and a locking groove 223 is provided under the push plate 222.

[0047] Specifically, the composite phase change material is filled into the first groove of the polycarbonate hollow plate 200, and the composite phase change material is made of a phase change material using a porous adsorption matrix, wherein the phase change material is prepared by at least sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate and a temperature regulator in a preset proportion.

[0048] Insulation layer 3

[0049] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the insulation layer 3 includes at least one group of insulation wall panels 30, each group of insulation wall panels 30 is composed of at least two insulation boards 300 of the same size through modular assembly, wherein one end of the insulation board 300 of each group of insulation wall panels 30 is at least partially inserted into the second groove of the polycarbonate hollow board 200.

[0050] The heat insulation board 300 is made of at least one of a rock wool insulation board, a graphite polystyrene board and an extruded polystyrene board.

[0051] Specifically, the insulation board 300 is filled with at least one of rock wool insulation board, graphite polystyrene board, and extruded polystyrene board, so as to reduce the temperature of the external environment entering the interior of the building and play a role in heat insulation. That is to say, the polycarbonate hollow board is divided into two parts, the inner groove is filled with composite phase change material, and the outer groove is where the insulation board is inserted. The inner and outer sides form a system. For details, please refer to Figure 2 .

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 As shown, the push-to-self-locking base 11 is provided with a slide rail 110, a slide rail 111, a reset unit, a pull rod 115 and a self-locking hook plate 116. The slide rail 110 is slidably connected to the slide rail 110 of the push-to-self-locking base 11 through a slide rail wheel, and the slide rail 111 is provided with a heart-shaped moving guide groove. The reset unit is respectively installed in the push-to-self-locking base 11 and on the slide rail 111. The pull rod 115 is installed in the push-to-self-locking base 11. The self-locking hook plate 116 is connected to the slide rail 111.

[0053] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the reset unit includes a first clamping column 112, a second clamping column 113 and a reset spring 114, the first clamping column 112 is installed in the push-to-lock base 11, the second clamping column 113 is installed on the slide 111, and the two ends of the reset spring 114 are respectively connected to the first clamping column 112 and the second clamping column 113.

[0054] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 As shown, the push-to-self-locking base 11 is also provided with a hook plate guide rail 118, and one end of the hook plate guide rail 118 is higher than the other end of the hook plate guide rail 118 in the height direction; the self-locking hook plate 116 is provided with a hook plate guide wheel 119, and the self-locking hook plate 116 is slidably connected to the hook plate guide rail 118 through the hook plate guide wheel 119, and the hook plate guide wheel 119 can slide along the hook plate guide rail 118.

[0055] In the specific implementation process, the installation process of the thermal insulation layer 3 and the fixed phase change plate layer 2 is as follows:

[0056] A plurality of insulation boards 300 are assembled into a plurality of insulation wall panels 30 through modularization, and then one end of the insulation board 300 of each insulation wall panel 30 is tightly inserted into the second groove of the polycarbonate hollow board 200 to complete the installation of the insulation layer 3 and the shaped phase change board layer 2.

[0057] Then, the various slot plates of the formed phase change board layer 2 are inserted into the matching external openings of the press-to-self-locking base 11 through the fixed sockets, and the push plate 222 of the formed phase change board layer 2 will push the slide plate 111 to move toward the wall layer 1, and then the pull rod 115 will automatically enter the second track 122 along the first track 121 of the heart-shaped moving guide groove, and at the same time the self-locking hook plate 116 rises along the hook plate guide rail 118. After releasing the formed phase change board layer 2, under the action of the reset spring 114, the pull rod 115 returns to the guide core 124 groove of the heart-shaped moving guide groove and is locked, and the locking groove 223 of the push plate 222 is locked by the self-locking hook plate 116, and the formed phase change board layer 2 enters the self-locking state, completing the installation of the formed phase change board layer 2 and the wall layer 1.

[0058] When the exterior wall structure needs to be disassembled for regular replacement or maintenance, the position of the corresponding groove plate on the fixed phase change plate layer 2 is pressed again, and the matching pull rod 115 will automatically move to the top along the guide 125 of the heart-shaped moving guide groove. After releasing, under the action of the reset spring 114, the pull rod 115 returns to the starting point along the third track 123 of the heart-shaped moving guide groove, and the slide plate 111 is reset to its original position, and the fixed phase change plate layer 2 enters the unlocked state.

[0059] Therefore, the assembly process of the shaped phase change board layer 2 adopts an assembled press-to-lock method, and a modular installation method with seamless transverse connection and longitudinal cutting and forming is adopted, without the need for glue sealing.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 As shown, the heart-shaped movable guide groove is provided with a stepped structure of a first clamping plate 126 and a second clamping plate 127 at the turning point, and the pull rod 115 can only move along a specific track and cannot reverse in the self-locking or unlocking state.

[0061] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 As shown, the heat-insulating wall panels 30 are designed with sealing covers 301 , and each group of heat-insulating wall panels 30 is sealed and watertight through the sealing covers 301 .

[0062] Specifically, the first fastener 101 and the second fastener 224 in the present application include but are not limited to studs, screws, bolts, nuts, fixing pins, rivets, welding nails and other parts that can fasten the structure, which are selected by the operator according to actual needs.

[0063] In some embodiments, the specific proportions of the components of the composite phase change material are as follows: by mass percentage, the phase change material is 55%, the nucleating agent is 3%, and the diatomaceous earth is 42%; wherein the phase change material is composed of the following raw materials: 72% sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, 22% sodium acetate trihydrate, and 6% urea; the nucleating agent is nano-alumina; the pore volume of the diatomaceous earth is 0.06cm 3 / g, specific surface area is 32m 2 / g.

[0064] In the specific implementation process, the preparation process of the fixed phase change plate layer 2 is as follows:

[0065] First, a certain proportion of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, urea and a nucleating agent are weighed and mixed in a glass bottle, and the mixture is placed in a water bath at 50-70° C. and heated until completely melted, and the chemical bonding force between sodium thiosulfate and sodium acetate and water molecules is weakened by the interaction between urea and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate, so that the phase change temperature of the ternary system phase change material after the molten mixture can be adjusted, thereby obtaining a temperature-adjustable inorganic hydrated salt-based phase change material for standby use;

[0066] Secondly, the diatomite and deionized water are mixed evenly, placed in a normal temperature water bath shaker with an oscillation rate of 150 to 200 times / min, and then allowed to stand for 30 to 60 minutes, the suspension is poured out, the diatomite is vacuum filtered and dried to constant weight, and placed in a muffle furnace at 300 to 600° C. for calcination for 3 to 6 hours. After the calcination, 5 to 8 mol / L hydrochloric acid is added, and the mixture is shaken in a constant temperature water bath shaker at an oscillation rate of 150 to 200 times / min and 40° C. for 8 to 12 hours. After the acid washing is completed, the suspension above the diatomite is poured out, and the diatomite is washed 3 to 6 times with deionized water, and then vacuum filtered and dried to constant weight for standby use;

[0067] Again, the prepared phase change material is quickly poured into the diatomaceous earth, stirred with a glass rod for 10 to 30 minutes, and placed in a constant temperature water bath at 40 to 70° C. to allow the diatomaceous earth to naturally adsorb the material, and then allowed to stand at room temperature to obtain a composite phase change material for later use;

[0068] Again, polyurethane acrylic acid is used as a prepolymer, Darocur 1173 is used as a photoinitiator, and hydroxyethyl methacrylate is used as an active diluent. The precursor liquid is prepared in a mass ratio of 40:10:50 and evenly sprayed on the surface of the prepared composite phase change material. An 800-watt ultraviolet lamp is turned on, and the outer electrons of the photoinitiator undergo transition under ultraviolet radiation to become active centers (free radicals), attacking the unsaturated groups in the prepolymer, causing the diluent and prepolymer carbon double bonds to break and cause a chain growth reaction. A layer of cured film is covered on the surface of the composite phase change material, and the crystal water of the inorganic hydrated salt is firmly locked in the pore structure of the diatomaceous earth to obtain a secondary wrapped composite phase change material, which is poured into a polycarbonate hollow board 200 for compaction and sealing to obtain a shaped composite phase change wallboard 20.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer, characterized in that: The exterior wall structure is composed of a wall layer, a shaped phase change board layer and a heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside, wherein: The wall layer is formed by stacking sintered bricks alternately horizontally and vertically by solid stacking method, and the wall layer is provided with a base plate, and the base plate is provided with at least one set of press-to-lock bases; A shaped phase-change panel layer, which is connected to the wall layer by pressing a self-locking base, wherein the shaped phase-change panel layer includes a shaped composite phase-change wallboard and a composite phase-change material, wherein the shaped composite phase-change wallboard is composed of a plurality of polycarbonate hollow panels assembled in a modular manner, wherein the polycarbonate hollow panel is provided with a first groove and a second groove; wherein the composite phase-change material is filled into the first groove of the polycarbonate hollow panel, and the composite phase-change material is made of a phase-change material using a porous adsorption matrix, wherein the phase-change material is prepared from at least sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate and a temperature regulator in a preset proportion, and the mass proportion is 68% to 78% of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, 18% to 22% of sodium acetate trihydrate and 1% to 14% of a temperature regulator; The heat insulation layer comprises at least one set of heat insulation wall panels, each set of heat insulation wall panels is composed of at least two heat insulation panels assembled in a modular manner, wherein one end of each set of heat insulation wall panels is at least partially inserted into the second groove of the polycarbonate hollow plate; The push-to-lock base has an end perpendicular to the wall and is provided with an external opening. A slide plate, a reset unit, a pull rod and a self-locking hook plate are provided in the push-to-lock base. The slide plate is slidably connected to the push-to-lock base through a slide rail wheel, and a heart-shaped movable guide groove is provided on the slide plate. The reset unit is respectively installed in the push-to-lock base and on the slide plate. The pull rod is installed in the push-to-lock base and the other end of the pull rod is placed in the heart-shaped movable guide groove. The self-locking hook plate is connected to the slide plate. The press-to-self-locking base is also provided with a hook plate guide rail, and one end of the hook plate guide rail is higher than the other end of the hook plate guide rail in the height direction; the self-locking hook plate is provided with a hook plate guide wheel, and the self-locking hook plate is slidably connected to the hook plate guide rail through the hook plate guide wheel, and the hook plate guide wheel can slide along the hook plate guide rail.

2. The exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a first mounting hole, and the push-to-lock base is fixed on the wall layer by a first fastener passing through the first mounting hole.

3. The exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polycarbonate hollow board is also provided with a fixing groove, a fixing base is installed in the fixing groove, a fixing card plate is provided at one end of the fixing base, and the fixing card plate is provided with a second mounting hole, a push plate is provided at the other end of the fixing base, and the push plate is provided with a locking groove; wherein, the fixing base is fixed to the polycarbonate hollow board by passing a second fastener through the second mounting hole and the fixing groove of the polycarbonate hollow board.

4. The exterior wall structure with an assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer is designed with a sealing cover plate, through which each group of heat insulation wall panels is sealed and waterproof; the heat insulation board is composed of at least one of a rock wool insulation board, a graphite polystyrene board, and an extruded polystyrene board.

5. The exterior wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite phase change material is composed of at least the following raw materials: 50% to 60% of phase change material, 2% to 6% of nucleating agent, and 40% to 50% of inorganic porous carrier.

6. The exterior wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nucleating agent is one or a mixture of nano-alumina, nano-aluminum nitride, carbon powder, strontium chloride hexahydrate, sodium silicate nonahydrate, and expanded graphite; the inorganic porous carrier has a pore volume of 0.05 to 0.20 cm 3 / g, specific surface area is 25~400m 2 / g, thermal conductivity 0.01~0.25W / (m·K).

7. The exterior wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite phase change material has a phase change temperature of 35 to 50° C., an enthalpy value of 150 to 300 J / g, a supercooling degree of less than 2° C., and no phase separation.

8. The exterior wall structure with assembled press-type self-locking phase change material layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature regulator adopts a compound having both a carbonyl group and an amino group, wherein the compound is at least one of glycine, alanine, urea, formamide, and acetamide. The compound forms hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms or hydrogen atoms on the molecules of the two phase change materials, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate, to weaken the chemical bonding force between the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate and sodium acetate trihydrate phase change materials, so that the phase change temperature of the ternary system phase change material can be adjusted.

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