An automatic turning device for CNC lathe processing

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic flipping device for CNC lathe processing, which relates to lathe processing technology. The automatic flipping device for CNC lathe processing comprises a rotary oil cylinder, a main shaft and a connecting chuck, wherein the main shaft is connected to the output end of the rotary oil cylinder, and the other end of the main shaft is connected to a hydraulic protection component, and the outer side of the hydraulic protection component is detachably connected to a storage component, wherein the storage component comprises an oil storage tray, an oil storage chamber and a switch oil cylinder, wherein the oil storage chamber is arranged in the middle position of the oil storage tray, and the switch oil cylinder is installed at the bottom of the oil storage tray, and the hydraulic protection component comprises a protective cover, a connecting pipe mouth and a protective flow storage chamber, wherein the connecting pipe mouth is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the protective cover. The present invention solves the problem that the tool collides with the workpiece or the chuck during the movement, causing damage to the chuck and the workpiece, and can protect the spindle from damage by actively breaking the shaft protection body when the workpiece is not clamped and may damage the spindle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lathe processing, in particular to an automatic turning device for CNC lathe processing. Background Art

[0002] In CNC lathes, clamps are usually used to drive the workpiece to flip, and chucks are commonly used clamps in CNC lathes. Since the three-jaw chuck can provide a large enough clamping force to ensure the stability of the workpiece during the processing, and the clamping force can be adjusted as needed to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes, the three-jaw chuck is widely used in CNC lathes.

[0003] The hydraulic three-jaw chuck is different from the manual three-jaw chuck in that it requires a wrench to rotate the screw to drive the three jaws to move radially to clamp or loosen the workpiece. The hydraulic three-jaw chuck pushes the piston through hydraulic oil, and then converts the axial movement of the piston into radial movement of the soft clamp through the connecting rod. The emergence of the hydraulic three-jaw chuck meets the efficiency improvement of modern production, does not rely on manually rotating the screw to fix the workpiece, and greatly improves the installation speed of the workpiece.

[0004] However, in actual use, it was found that although the existing three-jaw chuck met the factory's requirements for workpiece installation efficiency, it still had certain problems: since the tool feed route in the CNC lathe is executed by programming, the tool path needs to be pre-running simulated test before processing. If there is a problem with the tool path setting, it may cause the tool to collide with the workpiece or chuck. The tool feed is generally achieved through a screw rod. If the tool cannot stop immediately when it collides with the workpiece or chuck, it will damage the tool and chuck; the part of the three-jaw chuck that fixes the workpiece with the soft clamp is prone to wear, making it impossible to firmly fix the workpiece in the soft clamp. When the chuck When the workpiece is driven to rotate rapidly and contact the tool, the workpiece will vibrate greatly in the chuck. The vibration is transmitted to the spindle, causing the spindle to be subjected to additional dynamic loads, which may cause fatigue and breakage of the spindle. Moreover, since the contact point between the tool and the workpiece always appears at one end of the tool, the vibration generated is unbalanced. The spindle is subjected to irregular forces when rotating. This imbalance can cause damage to the spindle bearings and increase the risk of spindle breakage. The price of replacement or repair is relatively expensive, which greatly increases the production cost. Based on the above viewpoints, technicians in this field have proposed an automatic flipping device for CNC lathe processing to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic flipping device for CNC lathe processing, which solves the problem that the tool collides with the workpiece or the chuck during movement, causing damage to the chuck and the workpiece, and can protect the spindle from damage by actively breaking the shaft guard body when the workpiece is not clamped and the spindle may be damaged.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a CNC lathe automatic turning device, including a rotary oil cylinder, a spindle and a connecting chuck, the spindle is connected to the output end of the rotary oil cylinder, the other end of the spindle is connected to a hydraulic protection component, the outer side of the hydraulic protection component is detachably connected to a storage component, the storage component includes an oil storage pan, an oil storage cavity and a switch oil cylinder, the oil storage cavity is opened in the middle of the oil storage pan, and the switch oil cylinder is installed at the bottom of the oil storage pan;

[0009] The hydraulic protection assembly comprises a protective cover, a connecting pipe port and a protective flow storage chamber, the connecting pipe port is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the protective cover, the protective flow storage chamber is arranged inside the connecting pipe port, a rear pull chuck is limitedly and slidably connected in the protective flow storage chamber, a front side wall of the rear pull chuck is bolted to a three-jaw hydraulic chuck, a retreat flow channel is arranged on the rear side wall of the rear pull chuck, a reflux channel is arranged on the front side wall of the rear pull chuck, the reflux channel is communicated with the retreat flow channel, the bottom end of the retreat flow channel passes through the protective cover and the oil storage pan and is communicated with the oil storage chamber, a sealing disc is detachably installed inside the retreat flow channel and at the bottom of the rear pull chuck, a shaft guard is arranged in the middle part of the sealing disc, a sealing switch is installed inside the protective cover and at one end close to the retreat flow channel, and the connecting chuck is bolted to the rear side wall of the protective cover;

[0010] The sealed switch comprises a fixing frame, a trigger head, a clamping rod, a connecting plate, a reset spring, two clamping plates and a clamping slot, wherein the connecting plate is limitedly slidably connected inside the fixing frame, the trigger head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, the two clamping plates are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixing frame, the clamping slot is arranged between the two clamping plates, the clamping rod is rotatably connected in the semicircular groove of the connecting plate, the top round shaft part of the clamping rod is used in conjunction with the clamping slot, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame, and the other end of the reset spring abuts against the rear side of the bottom of the clamping rod;

[0011] The rear side wall of the trigger head is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a sealing plug, the outer side wall of the sealing plug is fixedly connected with a plurality of collision claws distributed in a circular array near the top position, the sealing plug is used in conjunction with a sealing disk, and a plurality of the collision claws are directly opposite to the bottom of the shaft guard body.

[0012] Preferably, the positions of the shaft protection body facing the plurality of collision claws are located at the inner and outer sides of the shaft protection body.

[0013] Preferably, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck includes a fixed chuck, a connecting pipe, a driving piston, a connecting flow channel and a drainage channel, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixed chuck, the driving piston is limitedly slidably connected to the middle of the connecting pipe, the connecting flow channel is opened at the front side of the lower side wall of the driving piston, the drainage channel is opened at the bottom of the inner side wall of the fixed chuck and the connecting pipe, and a connecting hose is fixedly connected between the drainage channel and the connecting flow channel.

[0014] Preferably, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck also includes an injection port and a discharge port, the injection port is arranged at the top of the connecting pipe, and the discharge port is arranged at the top of the connecting pipe and is at the rear side of the injection port, and the bottom end of the injection port and the bottom end of the discharge port both penetrate the partition of the connecting pipe and are connected to the cavity in which the rear end of the driving piston slides.

[0015] Preferably, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck also includes three driving rods, three fixed clamping blocks and three soft clamps. The three fixed clamping blocks are distributed in a circular array and are limitedly slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed chuck. One end of the three driving rods is hinged to the middle position of the outer wall of the fluid storage tube and is distributed in a circular array. The other ends of the three driving rods are respectively hinged to the middle position of the rear side walls of the three fixed clamping blocks. The three soft clamps are bolted to the front side walls of the three fixed clamping blocks.

[0016] Preferably, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck also includes an oil suction piston, three suction plug racks, three driving gears, three second transmission gears, three first transmission gears, three linkage racks, a protective piston and three protective plug tooth plates. The protective piston and the oil suction piston are both limitedly slidably connected in the flow storage tube, the protective piston is placed at the front end of the flow storage tube and the oil suction piston is placed at the rear end of the flow storage tube, the three protective plug tooth plates are distributed in a circular array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the protective piston, the three suction plug racks are distributed in a circular array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oil suction piston, and the three linkage racks are limitedly slidably connected to the inner side wall of the flow storage tube and are arranged in a circular array. The three first transmission gears are distributed in a circular array and are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube, and the upper ends of the three first transmission gears are respectively meshed with the rear sides of the three protection plug tooth plates, and the lower ends of the three first transmission gears are respectively meshed with the front ends of the three linkage racks, and the three second transmission gears are distributed in a circular array and are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube, and the bottom ends of the three second transmission gears are respectively meshed with the rear ends of the three linkage racks, and the three driving gears are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube and the front sides of the three driving gears are respectively meshed with the three second transmission gears and the top ends of the three driving gears are respectively meshed with the front sides of the three suction plug racks.

[0017] Preferably, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck also includes a plurality of clamping release channels, which are distributed in a circular array and opened in the flow storage tube, the front end of the clamping release channel is connected to the inner cavity of the flow storage tube, and the other end of the clamping release channel passes through the outside of the flow storage tube.

[0018] Preferably, the storage assembly further comprises a piston cylinder, and a piston connected to the movable end of the piston cylinder is placed in the oil storage chamber.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The present invention provides a CNC lathe automatic turning device, which has the following technical points and beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention avoids the collision between the tool and the chuck and the workpiece due to the misalignment of the tool path setting. When the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck during the movement, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck drives the pull-back chuck to move backward, and the oil stored in the protective flow storage chamber enters the oil storage chamber through the retreat flow channel, ensuring that when the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck during the movement, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck is recovered to protect the three-jaw hydraulic chuck from being damaged due to the collision. When the tool collides with the workpiece, the protective piston retreats slightly, thereby driving the oil suction piston to move forward, extracting a small amount of oil into the flow storage tube, causing the driving piston to move slightly forward, and the three soft clamps to loosen slightly. When the tool no longer collides, the three soft clamps will still maintain the three soft clamps. During the clamping of the workpiece, when the tool continues to hit, the protective piston will continue to retreat under the impact of the workpiece, and the oil suction piston will absorb more oil into the flow storage tube, so that the workpiece is completely loosened and swallowed into the flow storage tube, effectively protecting the workpiece from being completely damaged by the impact of the tool. If the workpiece is not clamped during the processing, the amplitude of the protective cover is inconsistent with the amplitude of the rear pull chuck, and the amplitude of the sealing plug connected to the protective cover is inconsistent with the sealing disk, so that the collision claws continuously hit the shaft guard body on the sealing disk, causing the shaft guard body to break, and the sealing disk can no longer provide sealing. The three-jaw hydraulic chuck shrinks under the impact of the tool, and no workpiece processing is performed. The spindle no longer bears excessive dynamic loads, effectively preventing damage to the spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the present invention, the rotary cylinder and the main shaft;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a rear side schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a first top view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Isometric section view along AA;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the center C;

[0029] Figure 8 is a second top view of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view along DD.

[0031] Among them, 1. rotary cylinder; 2. spindle; 300. storage component; 400. three-jaw hydraulic chuck; 5. back-pull chuck; 600. hydraulic protection component; 7. connecting chuck; 8. sealing disk; 9. shaft protection body; 10. sealing plug; 11. reflux channel; 12. collision claw; 1300. sealing switch; 14. connecting rod; 15. retreat flow channel; 16. connecting hose; 17. drainage channel;

[0032] 301, oil storage tray; 302, oil storage chamber; 303, switch cylinder; 304, piston cylinder;

[0033] 401, fixed chuck; 402, fixed clamp block; 403, soft clamp; 404, connecting pipe; 405, injection port; 406, discharge port; 407, driving piston; 408, loose clamp flow channel; 409, flow storage pipe; 410, protective piston; 411, protective plug tooth plate; 412, linkage rack; 413, first transmission gear; 414, second transmission gear; 415, driving gear; 416, oil suction piston; 417, suction plug rack; 418, connecting flow channel; 419, driving rod;

[0034] 601, protective cover; 602, connecting pipe opening; 603, protective flow storage chamber;

[0035] 1301, fixing frame; 1302, trigger head; 1303, clamping rod; 1304, connecting plate; 1305, reset spring; 1306, clamping plate; 1307, clamping slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 - Fig. 9 As shown, a CNC lathe automatic turning device includes a rotary cylinder 1, a spindle 2 and a connecting chuck 7, the spindle 2 is connected to the output end of the rotary cylinder 1, and the other end of the spindle 2 is connected to a hydraulic protection component 600, and the outer side of the hydraulic protection component 600 is detachably connected to a storage component 300, the storage component 300 includes an oil storage pan 301, an oil storage cavity 302 and a switch cylinder 303, the oil storage cavity 302 is opened in the middle position of the oil storage pan 301, and the switch cylinder 303 is installed at the bottom of the oil storage pan 301, the hydraulic protection component 600 includes a protective cover 601, a connecting pipe mouth 602 and a protective flow storage cavity 603, the connecting pipe mouth 602 is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the protective cover 601, and the protective flow storage cavity 603 is opened at the connecting pipe mouth Inside 602, a rear pull chuck 5 is connected in a limited sliding manner in the protective flow storage chamber 603, and a three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 is bolted to the front side wall of the rear pull chuck 5. A retreat flow channel 15 is opened on the rear side wall of the rear pull chuck 5, and a reflux channel 11 is opened on the front side wall of the rear pull chuck 5. The reflux channel 11 is connected with the retreat flow channel 15, and the bottom end of the retreat flow channel 15 passes through the protective cover 601 and the oil storage plate 301 and is connected with the oil storage chamber 302. A sealing disk 8 is detachably installed inside the retreat flow channel 15 and located at the bottom of the rear pull chuck 5, and a shaft protection body 9 is provided in the middle part of the sealing disk 8. A sealing switch 1300 is installed inside the protective cover 601 and at one end close to the retreat flow channel 15, and the connecting chuck 7 is bolted to the rear side wall of the protective cover 601.

[0039] The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 includes a fixed chuck 401, a connecting pipe 404, a driving piston 407, a connecting channel 418 and a discharge channel 17. The connecting pipe 404 is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixed chuck 401, the driving piston 407 is limitedly slidably connected to the middle of the connecting pipe 404, the connecting channel 418 is opened at the front side of the lower side wall of the driving piston 407, the discharge channel 17 is opened at the bottom of the inner side wall of the fixed chuck 401 and the connecting pipe 404, and a connecting hose 16 is fixedly connected between the discharge channel 17 and the connecting channel 418. The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 also includes an injection port 405 and a discharge port 406. The injection port 405 is arranged at the top of the connecting pipe 404, and the discharge port 406 is arranged at the top of the connecting pipe 404 and is located at At the rear side of the injection port 405, the bottom end of the injection port 405 and the bottom end of the discharge port 406 both penetrate the partition of the connecting pipe 404 and are connected to the cavity where the rear end of the driving piston 407 slides. The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 also includes three driving rods 419, three fixed clamping blocks 402 and three soft clamps 403. The three fixed clamping blocks 402 are distributed in a circular array and are limitedly slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed chuck 401. One end of the three driving rods 419 is hinged to the middle position of the outer wall of the storage tube 409 and is distributed in a circular array. The other ends of the three driving rods 419 are respectively hinged to the middle position of the rear side wall of the three fixed clamping blocks 402. The three soft clamps 403 are bolted to the front side wall of the three fixed clamping blocks 402. The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 also includes suction The oil piston 416, three suction plug racks 417, three driving gears 415, three second transmission gears 414, three first transmission gears 413, three linkage racks 412, a protective piston 410 and three protective plug tooth plates 411, the protective piston 410 and the oil suction piston 416 are all limitedly slidably connected in the flow storage tube 409, the protective piston 410 is placed at the front end of the flow storage tube 409 and the oil suction piston 416 is placed at the rear end of the flow storage tube 409, the three protective plug tooth plates 411 are distributed in a circular array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the protective piston 410, the three suction plug racks 417 are distributed in a circular array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oil suction piston 416, the three linkage racks 412 are limitedly slidably connected to the inner side wall of the flow storage tube 409 and The three first transmission gears 413 are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube 409, and the upper ends of the three first transmission gears 413 are respectively meshed with the rear sides of the three protection plug tooth plates 411, and the lower ends of the three first transmission gears 413 are respectively meshed with the front ends of the three linkage racks 412. The three second transmission gears 414 are distributed in a circular array and rotatably connected in the flow storage tube 409, and the bottom ends of the three second transmission gears 414 are respectively meshed with the rear ends of the three linkage racks 412. The three driving gears 415 are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube 409, and the front sides of the three driving gears 415 are respectively meshed with the three second transmission gears 414, and the top ends of the three driving gears 415 are respectively meshed with the front sides of the three suction plug racks 417.The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 further includes a plurality of loosening flow channels 408, which are distributed in a circumferential array and are provided in the fluid storage tube 409. The front end of the loosening flow channel 408 is connected to the inner cavity of the fluid storage tube 409, and the other end of the loosening flow channel 408 passes through the outer side of the fluid storage tube 409.

[0040] When it is necessary to clamp the workpiece, the rear end of the workpiece is brought into contact with the front end of the protective piston 410, and the protective piston 410 can be pushed to select different clamping positions, and then oil is added to the connecting pipe 404 through the injection port 405. As the volume of the oil injected into the connecting pipe 404 increases, the driving piston 407 moves backward and drives the rear end of the driving rod 419 to move backward. At the same time, the front end of the driving rod 419 drives the fixed clamp block 402 to move toward the center of the fixed chuck 401, thereby clamping the workpiece in the three soft clamps 403. When the workpiece is clamped, After the tool is completed, the tool path is controlled to move in the direction of the workpiece. When the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the movement, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 drives the pull-back chuck 5 to move backward, and the oil stored in the protective reservoir chamber 603 enters the oil storage chamber 302 through the return flow channel 15, ensuring that when the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the movement, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 is recovered to protect the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 from being damaged due to collision. When the tool squeezes the workpiece during the movement, the workpiece The rear end will squeeze the protective piston 410 to move backward, and when the three protective plug tooth plates 411 outside the protective piston 410 move backward, the first transmission gear 413 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the linkage rack 412 to move forward, and then the linkage rack 412 moving forward drives the driving gear 415 to rotate counterclockwise, and drives the oil suction piston 416 to move forward through the reversing of the second transmission gear 414, and the oil suction piston 416 extracts a small amount of oil into the flow storage tube 409, so that the driving piston 407 moves slightly forward. The three soft clamps 403 are slightly loosened. When the tool no longer impacts, the three soft clamps 403 will still maintain the clamping work on the workpiece. When the tool continues to impact, the protective piston 410 will continue to retreat under the impact of the workpiece, and the oil suction piston 416 absorbs more oil into the flow storage tube 409, so that the workpiece is completely loosened and swallowed into the flow storage tube 409, effectively protecting the workpiece from being completely damaged by the impact of the tool, and the oil stored between the oil suction piston 416 and the protective piston 410 will enter the oil storage chamber 302 and be discharged through the oil storage chamber 302.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] like Figure 1 - Fig. 9As shown, this embodiment proposes another implementation scheme based on the first embodiment. The sealed switch 1300 includes a fixing frame 1301, a trigger head 1302, a clamping rod 1303, a connecting plate 1304, a reset spring 1305, two clamping plates 1306 and a clamping slot 1307. The connecting plate 1304 is limitedly slidably connected to the inside of the fixing frame 1301, the trigger head 1302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 1304, the two clamping plates 1306 are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixing frame 1301, the clamping slot 1307 is arranged between the two clamping plates 1306, and the clamping rod 1303 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate In the semicircular groove 1304, the top round shaft part of the clamping rod 1303 is used in conjunction with the clamping groove 1307, one end of the reset spring 1305 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame 1301, and the other end of the reset spring 1305 abuts against the bottom rear side of the clamping rod 1303, the rear side wall of the trigger head 1302 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 14, and the other end of the connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected with a sealing plug 10, and the outer side wall of the sealing plug 10 is fixedly connected with a plurality of collision claws 12 distributed in a circular array near the top position, the sealing plug 10 is used in conjunction with the sealing disk 8, and the plurality of collision claws 12 are directly opposite to the bottom of the shaft protection body 9.

[0043] When the workpiece needs to be processed, the trigger head 1302 is driven to rise by the switch cylinder 303, and when the trigger head 1302 rises, the connecting plate 1304 is driven to rise together, and the circular axis at the top of the clamping rod 1303 connected to the connecting plate 1304 is rotated to move along the bottom oblique groove direction of the clamping plate 1306 located below. When the circular axis at the top of the clamping rod 1303 moves to the position of the clamping groove 1307, since the reset spring 1305 abuts against the bottom rear side of the clamping rod 1303, the clamping rod 1303 is driven by the reset spring 1305 to twist in the direction of the clamping groove 1307 until the top of the clamping rod 1303 The round shaft is stuck in the first groove of the slot 1307. At this time, the sealing plug 10 is stuck in the sealing disk 8, and the fluid in each cavity cannot flow, which ensures that the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 will not loosen when the tool is processing the workpiece. When the soft clamp 403 of the chuck is worn to a certain extent, the workpiece cannot be completely clamped. The workpiece may shake in the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the processing. In order to prevent the shaking workpiece from damaging the main shaft 2, the sealing disk 8 and the sealing plug 10 cooperate with each other, so that when the workpiece shakes significantly, the shaft protection body 9 on the sealing plug 10 is destroyed, so that the oil stored in the protective flow storage chamber 603 flows to the storage The oil chamber 302 causes the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 to shrink to the rear side, thereby moving away from the tool to prevent the spindle 2 from being damaged by excessive dynamic load. Specifically, when the workpiece shakes significantly, the workpiece will drive the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 and the rear pull chuck 5 connected to the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 to vibrate together, and the rear pull chuck 5 is limitedly slidably connected to the protective reservoir chamber 603, and oil is stored in the protective reservoir chamber 603. Therefore, the amplitude of the protective cover 601 is inconsistent with the amplitude of the rear pull chuck 5, and the sealing plug 10 connected in the protective cover 601 is inconsistent with the amplitude of the sealing disk 8, which causes the collision jaw 1 2 continuously hits the shaft guard body 9 on the sealing disk 8, so that the shaft guard body 9 is broken, and the sealing disk 8 can no longer provide a sealing effect, and the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 is driven by the impact of the tool to shrink, and no longer processes the workpiece, which effectively prevents the damage of the spindle 2 and fully ensures that when the workpiece is not clamped, the shaft guard body 9 can actively break and protect the spindle 2 from being subjected to excessive dynamic loads. The position of the shaft guard body 9 facing the plurality of collision claws 12 is located on the inner and outer sides of the shaft guard body 9, which fully ensures that when the workpiece is not clamped, the shaft guard body 9 can actively break and protect the spindle 2 from being subjected to excessive dynamic loads.

[0044] Working principle: When it is necessary to clamp the workpiece, the rear end of the workpiece is abutted against the front end of the protective piston 410, and the protective piston 410 can be pushed to select different clamping positions (the protective piston 410 of different diameters can be selected and replaced according to the diameter of the workpiece to cooperate with the flow storage tube 409 to ensure that the workpiece can be inserted and push the protective piston 410 to move). Then, oil is added to the connecting tube 404 through the injection port 405. As the volume of oil injected into the connecting tube 404 increases, the driving piston 407 moves backward and drives the rear end of the driving rod 419 to move backward. At the same time, the front end of the driving rod 419 drives the fixed clamp block 402 to move toward the center of the fixed chuck 401, thereby clamping the workpiece in the three soft clamps 403. When the workpiece is clamped, The tool pre-travel simulation is performed to control the tool path to move in the direction of the workpiece. When the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the travel, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 drives the pull-back chuck 5 to move backward, and the oil stored in the protective reservoir chamber 603 enters the oil storage chamber 302 through the return flow channel 15, ensuring that when the tool touches the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the travel, the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 is recovered to protect the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 from being damaged due to collision. When the workpiece is squeezed during the tool pre-travel simulation, the rear end of the workpiece will squeeze the protective piston 410 to move backward, and the three protective plug tooth plates 411 on the outside of the protective piston 410 move backward, driving the first transmission gear 413 to move in the opposite direction. The gear 412 rotates clockwise, thereby driving the linkage rack 412 to move forward. Subsequently, the linkage rack 412 moving forward drives the driving gear 415 to rotate counterclockwise, and drives the oil suction piston 416 to move forward through the reversing of the second transmission gear 414. The oil suction piston 416 extracts a small amount of oil into the reservoir tube 409, causing the driving piston 407 to move slightly forward, and the three soft clamps 403 are slightly loosened. When the tool no longer strikes, the three soft clamps 403 will still keep clamping the workpiece. When the tool continues to strike, the protective piston 410 will continue to retreat under the impact of the workpiece, and the oil suction piston 416 absorbs more oil into the reservoir tube 409, causing the workpiece to be completely loosened and swallowed into the reservoir tube 409, effectively protecting the workpiece from being hit by the tool. The impact will not be completely damaged, and the oil stored between the oil suction piston 416 and the protective piston 410 will enter the oil storage chamber 302 and be discharged through the oil storage chamber 302. When the workpiece needs to be processed, the trigger head 1302 is driven to rise by the switch cylinder 303, and when the trigger head 1302 rises, the connecting plate 1304 is driven to rise together, and the circular axis at the top of the card rod 1303 connected to the connecting plate 1304 is rotated to move along the bottom oblique groove direction of the card plate 1306 located below. When the circular axis at the top of the card rod 1303 moves to the position of the card groove 1307, since the reset spring 1305 abuts against the bottom rear side of the card rod 1303, the card rod 1303 is driven by the reset spring 1305 to twist in the direction of the card groove 1307.Until the round shaft at the top of the clamping rod 1303 is stuck in the first groove of the clamping groove 1307, at this time, the sealing plug 10 is stuck in the sealing disk 8, and the fluid in each cavity cannot flow, ensuring that the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 will not loosen when the tool is processing the workpiece. When the soft clamp 403 of the chuck is worn to a certain extent, the workpiece cannot be completely clamped. The workpiece may shake in the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 during the processing. In order to prevent the shaking workpiece from damaging the main shaft 2, the sealing disk 8 and the sealing plug 10 cooperate with each other, so that when the workpiece shakes greatly, the shaft guard 9 on the sealing plug 10 is destroyed, and the oil stored in the protective flow storage chamber 603 flows to the oil storage chamber 302, thereby causing the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 to shrink to the rear side, thereby away from the tool, thereby avoiding the main shaft. The shaft 2 is damaged due to excessive dynamic load. Specifically, when the workpiece shakes greatly, the workpiece will drive the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 and the back-pull chuck 5 connected to the three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 to vibrate together, and the back-pull chuck 5 is limitedly slidably connected in the protective reservoir chamber 603, and oil is stored in the protective reservoir chamber 603. Therefore, the amplitude of the protective cover 601 is inconsistent with the amplitude of the back-pull chuck 5, and therefore the sealing plug 10 connected in the protective cover 601 is inconsistent with the amplitude of the sealing disk 8, so that the collision claw 12 continuously hits the shaft guard 9 on the sealing disk 8, causing the shaft guard 9 to break, and the sealing disk 8 can no longer provide sealing. The three-jaw hydraulic chuck 400 shrinks under the impact of the tool and no longer processes the workpiece, effectively preventing damage to the spindle 2.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC lathe automatic turning device, comprising a rotary cylinder (1), a spindle (2) and a connecting chuck (7), characterized in that: The main shaft (2) is connected to the output end of the rotary cylinder (1); the other end of the main shaft (2) is connected to a hydraulic protection assembly (600); the outer side of the hydraulic protection assembly (600) is detachably connected to a storage assembly (300); the storage assembly (300) comprises an oil storage pan (301), an oil storage chamber (302) and a switch cylinder (303); the oil storage chamber (302) is provided in the middle of the oil storage pan (301); and the switch cylinder (303) is installed at the bottom of the oil storage pan (301); The hydraulic protection assembly (600) comprises a protection cover (601), a connecting pipe opening (602) and a protection flow storage chamber (603); the connecting pipe opening (602) is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the protection cover (601); the protection flow storage chamber (603) is arranged inside the connecting pipe opening (602); a rear pull chuck (5) is limitedly slidably connected inside the protection flow storage chamber (603); a front side wall of the rear pull chuck (5) is bolted to a three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400); a retreat flow channel (15) is arranged on the rear side wall of the rear pull chuck (5); and a return flow channel (15) is arranged on the front side wall of the rear pull chuck (5). The return channel (11) is connected to the return flow channel (15), the bottom end of the return flow channel (15) penetrates the protective cover (601) and the oil storage plate (301) and is connected to the oil storage chamber (302), a sealing plate (8) is detachably installed inside the return flow channel (15) and located at the bottom of the rear pull chuck (5), a shaft protection body (9) is provided in the middle part of the sealing plate (8), a sealing switch (1300) is installed inside the protective cover (601) and located at one end close to the return flow channel (15), and the connecting chuck (7) is bolted to the rear side wall of the protective cover (601); The sealed switch (1300) comprises a fixed frame (1301), a trigger head (1302), a clamping rod (1303), a connecting plate (1304), a reset spring (1305), two clamping plates (1306) and a clamping slot (1307); the connecting plate (1304) is connected to the inside of the fixed frame (1301) in a limited sliding manner; the trigger head (1302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate (1304); the two clamping plates (1306) are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixed frame (1301); the clamping slot (1307) is arranged between the two clamping plates (1306); the clamping rod (1303) is rotatably connected to the semicircular groove of the connecting plate (1304); the top circular shaft portion of the clamping rod (1303) cooperates with the clamping slot (1307); one end of the reset spring (1305) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame (1301); The other end of the return spring (1305) abuts against the rear side of the bottom of the clamping rod (1303), and drives the trigger head (1302) to rise through the switch oil cylinder (303). When the trigger head (1302) rises, the connecting plate (1304) is driven to rise together, and the circular shaft at the top of the clamping rod (1303) connected to the connecting plate (1304) is rotated to move along the bottom oblique groove of the clamping plate (1306) located below. When the circular shaft at the top of the clamping rod (1303) moves to the position of the clamping groove (1307), since the return spring (1305) abuts against the rear side of the bottom of the clamping rod (1303), the clamping rod (1303) is driven by the return spring (1305) to twist in the direction of the clamping groove (1307) until the circular shaft at the top of the clamping rod (1303) is clamped in the first groove of the clamping groove (1307). The rear side wall of the trigger head (1302) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (14), the other end of the connecting rod (14) is fixedly connected to a sealing plug (10), the outer side wall of the sealing plug (10) is fixedly connected to a plurality of collision claws (12) distributed in a circumferential array at the top position, the sealing plug (10) is used in conjunction with the sealing disk (8), and the plurality of collision claws (12) are directly opposite to the bottom of the shaft protection body (9).

2. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions of the shaft protection body (9) facing the plurality of collision claws (12) are located on both inner and outer sides of the shaft protection body (9).

3. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400) comprises a fixed chuck (401), a connecting pipe (404), a driving piston (407), a connecting flow channel (418) and a drainage channel (17); the connecting pipe (404) is fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the fixed chuck (401); the driving piston (407) is limitedly slidably connected to the middle of the connecting pipe (404); the connecting flow channel (418) is opened at a position close to the front side of the lower side wall of the driving piston (407); the drainage channel (17) is opened at the bottom of the inner side wall of the fixed chuck (401) and the connecting pipe (404); and a connecting hose (16) is fixedly connected between the drainage channel (17) and the connecting flow channel (418).

4. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400) further includes an injection port (405) and a discharge port (406), wherein the injection port (405) is arranged at the top of the connecting tube (404), and the discharge port (406) is arranged at the top of the connecting tube (404) and at the rear side of the injection port (405), and the bottom ends of the injection port (405) and the discharge port (406) both penetrate the partition of the connecting tube (404) and are connected to the cavity in which the rear end of the driving piston (407) slides.

5. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400) further comprises three driving rods (419), three fixed clamping blocks (402) and three soft clamps (403); the three fixed clamping blocks (402) are arranged in a circular array and are slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed chuck (401); one end of the three driving rods (419) is hinged to the middle position of the outer wall of the fluid storage tube (409) and is arranged in a circular array; the other ends of the three driving rods (419) are respectively hinged to the middle position of the rear side walls of the three fixed clamping blocks (402); and the three soft clamps (403) are bolted to the front side walls of the three fixed clamping blocks (402).

6. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400) further comprises an oil suction piston (416), three suction plug racks (417), three driving gears (415), three second transmission gears (414), three first transmission gears (413), three linkage racks (412), a protection piston (410) and three protection plug tooth plates (411); the protection piston (410) and the oil suction piston (416) are both limitedly slidably connected in the flow storage tube (409); the protection piston (410) is disposed at the front end of the flow storage tube (409) and the oil suction piston (416) is disposed at the rear end of the flow storage tube (409); the three protection plug tooth plates (411) are distributed in a circumferential array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the protection piston (410); the three suction plug racks (417) are distributed in a circumferential array and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oil suction piston (416); the three linkage racks (412) are limitedly slidably connected in the flow storage tube (409); The inner wall of the flow tube (409) is arranged in a circular array, the three first transmission gears (413) are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube (409), and the upper ends of the three first transmission gears (413) are respectively meshed with the rear sides of the three protection plug tooth plates (411), the lower ends of the three first transmission gears (413) are respectively meshed with the front ends of the three linkage racks (412), the three second transmission gears (414) are distributed in a circular array and are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube (409), the bottom ends of the three second transmission gears (414) are respectively meshed with the rear ends of the three linkage racks (412), the three driving gears (415) are rotatably connected in the flow storage tube (409), the front sides of the three driving gears (415) are respectively meshed with the three second transmission gears (414), and the top ends of the three driving gears (415) are respectively meshed with the front sides of the three suction plug racks (417).

7. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three-jaw hydraulic chuck (400) further comprises a plurality of clamping release channels (408), wherein the plurality of clamping release channels (408) are distributed in a circular array and are opened in a flow storage tube (409), wherein the front end of the clamping release channel (408) is connected to the inner cavity of the flow storage tube (409), and the other end of the clamping release channel (408) passes through the outer side of the flow storage tube (409).

8. The automatic turning device for CNC lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage assembly (300) further comprises a piston cylinder (304), wherein a piston connected to a movable end of the piston cylinder (304) is disposed in the oil storage chamber (302).

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