Energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system and recycling method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular, relates to a cascade recycling system for lithium batteries in an energy storage system, comprising a coarse crushing tank, a fine crushing tank, a grinding tank, a crushing assembly and a screening assembly. The coarse crushing tank and the fine crushing tank are both provided with crushing assemblies and screening assemblies distributed in the up-and-down directions, and the grinding tank is provided with a screening assembly; the screening assembly comprises an inner sieve cylinder which is rotatably arranged, and an outer sieve cylinder which is arranged outside the inner sieve cylinder and rotates synchronously with the inner sieve cylinder and can change its position relative to the inner sieve cylinder. The cascade recycling system for lithium batteries in an energy storage system performs coarse crushing operations on positive plates and graphite inside the coarse crushing tank, performs fine crushing operations on positive plates and graphite inside the fine crushing tank, and performs grinding operations on positive plates and graphite inside the grinding tank. The crushing operations on positive plates and graphite are performed in cascades, so that the positive plates and graphite are fully crushed and evenly distributed, which saves the subsequent mixing steps, and at the same time, the positive plates and graphite are fully in contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular relates to a lithium battery cascade recycling system for an energy storage system, and a recycling method for the lithium battery cascade recycling system for an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] The positive electrode of a lithium battery contains a large amount of rare precious metal materials, such as lithium, manganese, nickel, cobalt and plastic. How these rare precious metal materials can be recycled and reused is a focus of the development of the waste lithium battery recycling industry and the new energy strategy.

[0003] Lithium iron phosphate battery is a widely used lithium battery. At the same time, the solid phase method is a common way to recycle the positive electrode material of lithium iron phosphate battery. The solid phase method recycling process is generally 1. crushing the positive plate material of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery, 2. mixing the crushed positive plate material with a certain proportion of reducing agent (such as graphite) to form a mixture, 3. placing the mixture in a high-temperature furnace for heat treatment to cause the chemical substances in the mixture to undergo a reduction reaction and reduce the lithium ions in the positive electrode material to recyclable lithium salts, 4. After the heat treatment, after the mixture is cooled, solid phase separation can be performed, and the positive electrode material and reducing agent can be separated to generate pure positive electrode material.

[0004] The general solid-phase recycling process is to crush the positive plate material of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery and then mix it with graphite. There is a problem that the positive plate material and graphite are loosely mixed and the contact is insufficient, which causes a long reaction time during the reduction reaction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art and proposes the following technical solutions:

[0006] The energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system comprises a coarse crushing tank, a fine crushing tank, a grinding tank, a crushing assembly and a screening assembly. The coarse crushing tank and the fine crushing tank are both provided with crushing assemblies and screening assemblies distributed in the vertical direction, and the grinding tank is provided with a screening assembly;

[0007] The screening assembly comprises an inner screen cylinder which is arranged to rotate, and an outer screen cylinder which is arranged outside the inner screen cylinder and rotates synchronously with the inner screen cylinder and can be changed in position relative to the inner screen cylinder, the inner screen cylinder is provided with a screen hole area 1 and an open area 1, the outer screen cylinder is provided with a screen hole area 2 and an open area 2, the screen hole area 1 and the screen hole area 2 are both provided with holes, and the aperture of the holes is reduced in sequence from the coarse crushing tank to the fine crushing tank and to the grinding tank;

[0008] The sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 are all staggered, the open area 1 and the open area 2 are arranged upward, and the space between the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder is in a storage state;

[0009] The sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 partially overlap, the open area 1 and the open area 2 are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder are in the screening state 1;

[0010] The sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 and the sieve hole area 2 all overlap, the open area 1 and the open area 2 are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder are in the screening state 2;

[0011] The sieve hole area 1 and the open area 1 are covered by the outer sieve cylinder, the sieve hole area 2 and the open area 2 are covered by the inner sieve cylinder, and the grinding medium is arranged inside the inner sieve cylinder, and the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder are in a grinding state;

[0012] The sieve hole area 1 overlaps with the open area 2, the sieve hole area 2 overlaps with the open area 1, and the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder are in the screening state 3;

[0013] The first open area and the second open area overlap and are arranged downward, and the inner screen drum and the outer screen drum are in a material pouring state.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the feed end of the coarse crushing tank has a feed port, the feed end of the fine crushing tank has a tube body 6, and the feed end of the grinding tank has a tube body 7;

[0015] A tube body 1 is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank and the feed port, a tube body 2 is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank and the tube body 6, and a tube body 3 is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank and the tube body 7;

[0016] A tube body 4 is provided between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank and the tube body 6, and a tube body 5 is provided between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank and the tube body 7;

[0017] The tube body one, the tube body two, the tube body three, the tube body four and the tube body five are all provided with valves and lifting pumps, and the tube body six and the tube body seven are all provided with movable openings.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the crushing assembly is composed of two relatively rotating crushing rollers, and a collecting bucket is arranged between the crushing assembly and the screening assembly.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, both ends of the inner screen cylinder are provided with end caps, and the end caps are rotatably matched with the tank walls of the coarse crushing tank, the fine crushing tank, and the grinding tank;

[0020] The head column sleeve is provided with a sleeve, and a gear tooth 1 is provided on the outer ring side wall of at least one of the sleeves, and the gear tooth 1 is meshed with a gear 1. The tank walls of the coarse crushing tank, the fine crushing tank, and the grinding tank are installed with a motor 1, and the output end of the motor 1 is connected to the gear 1. The motor 1 drives the inner screen drum and the outer screen drum to rotate forward and reverse.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, both ends of the outer sieve cylinder are provided with head cylinders, and the head cylinders are sleeved on the outside of the head column and rotatably cooperated therewith. A second gear tooth is provided on the outer ring side wall of at least one of the head cylinders, and the second gear tooth is meshed with a second gear. A second motor is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the output end of the second motor is connected to the second gear. The second motor drives the outer sieve cylinder to rotate forward and reverse relative to the inner sieve cylinder.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a locking assembly is provided between the inner sieve cylinder and the outer sieve cylinder;

[0023] The locking assembly comprises a shell arranged inside the sleeve, a rod body is slidably fitted in the shell, one end of the rod body located outside the shell abuts against the head column, one end of the rod body located inside the shell is provided with an armature, a side wall of the shell close to the head column is provided with a permanent magnet, and a side wall of the shell away from the head column is provided with an electromagnet;

[0024] The distance between the electromagnet and the armature is a, and the distance between the armature and the permanent magnet is b. In the initial position, b is greater than a.

[0025] The recycling method of the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system according to any one of the above items comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1, coarse crushing: the positive electrode sheet and one-half of the graphite are put into the coarse crushing tank, and the crushing component performs coarse crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component, and the unqualified mixed materials are screened and put into the coarse crushing tank for further coarse crushing operation. The graphite is a graphite block;

[0027] S2, fine crushing: the qualified mixed material and one-half of the graphite are screened out in S1 and put into the fine crushing tank, and the crushing component performs fine crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component, and the unqualified mixed material is screened out and put into the fine crushing tank for further fine crushing operation. The graphite is graphite particles;

[0028] S3, grinding: the qualified mixed material screened out in S2 enters the grinding tank, and the screening component performs a grinding operation on it. The qualified mixed material screened out is discharged from the discharge end of the grinding tank, and the unqualified mixed material screened out continues to be ground.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] S11, the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum are adjusted to the storage state, and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 and the open area 2;

[0031] S12, adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to the screening state 1, and putting the mixed material screened by the rotating inner sieve drum into the grinding tank for grinding operation;

[0032] S13, the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum are adjusted to the screening state 2 for screening operation, and then the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum are adjusted to the screening state 3 for screening operation, and the mixed material screened in the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 is put into the fine crushing tank for fine crushing operation;

[0033] S14, the inner screen drum and the outer screen drum are adjusted to the material discharging state, and the mixed material that has not been screened is put back into the rough crushing tank for rough crushing operation.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S21, adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to the storage state, and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 and the open area 2;

[0036] S22, adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to the second sieving state for sieving operation, and then adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to the third sieving state, and putting the mixed material sieved in the second sieving state and the third sieving state into the grinding tank for grinding operation;

[0037] S23, the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum are adjusted to the material discharging state, and the mixed material that has not been screened out is put back into the fine crushing tank for fine crushing operation.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S31, adjusting the storage state of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum, and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 and the open area 2;

[0040] S32, adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to a grinding state, the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum drive the mixed material to rotate, and the grinding medium performs a grinding operation on the mixed material;

[0041] S33, adjusting the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum to the screening state three, the screened mixed material is discharged from the discharge port, and the unscreened mixed material continues to be ground.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] Energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system, 1. The positive plate and graphite are coarsely crushed in the coarse crushing tank, the positive plate and graphite are finely crushed in the fine crushing tank, and the positive plate and graphite are ground in the grinding tank. The crushing operation of the positive plate and graphite is carried out in stages, so that the positive plate and graphite are fully crushed and evenly distributed, which saves the subsequent mixing steps. At the same time, the positive plate and graphite are in close and sufficient contact.

[0044] 2. In the screening component, the setting of state conversion between the inner screen drum and the outer screen drum enables the screening component to integrate screening function, grinding function and mixing function;

[0045] The recycling method of the lithium battery cascade recycling system of the energy storage system is to divide the crushing work of the positive electrode sheet into three steps, namely coarse crushing, fine crushing and grinding; at the same time, the graphite is mixed with the positive electrode sheet and the crushing operation is performed at the same time, which has the following effects: 1. The contact between the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is sufficient to improve the conversion rate of lithium ions to lithium salts; 2. The time for heat treatment after the positive electrode sheet and the graphite are mixed is reduced; 3. The amount of graphite used is reduced to solve the problem of excessive use of graphite in order to fully convert lithium ions to lithium salts; 4. The amount of carbon monoxide generated is reduced, so that the graphite is fully oxidized to become carbon dioxide.

[0046] At the same time, in the recycling method of the lithium battery cascade recycling system of the energy storage system, the graphite is added in two times, one is to add the graphite block into the coarse crushing tank, and the coarse crushing operation is carried out simultaneously with the positive electrode sheet, and the other is to add the graphite particles into the fine crushing tank, and the fine crushing operation is carried out simultaneously with the positive electrode sheet; the problem that graphite is easier to break, more concentrated and difficult to mix than the positive electrode sheet is solved, the problem of excessive graphite dust adhering to the local part of the positive electrode sheet is prevented, and the uniformity of contact between the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the lithium battery recycling system of the energy storage system of this embodiment is shown;

[0048] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A side view of the middle screening assembly;

[0049] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of AA in the figure;

[0050] Figure 4 It shows Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle locking assembly;

[0051] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the present embodiment in the screening state 1 is shown;

[0052] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the second screening state in this embodiment is shown;

[0053] Figure 7 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the grinding state in this embodiment;

[0054] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the third screening state in this embodiment is shown;

[0055] Fig. 9 What is shown is a schematic structural diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the present embodiment in a material discharging state.

[0056] Figure numerals: coarse crushing tank 10, tube body 1 11, tube body 2 12, tube body 3 13, fine crushing tank 20, tube body 4 21, tube body 5 22, tube body 6 23, grinding tank 30, tube body 7 31, crushing assembly 40, collecting bucket 50, screening assembly 60, inner screen cylinder 61, sieve hole area 1 611, open area 1 612, outer screen cylinder 62, sieve hole area 2 621, open area 2 622, head column 63, middle shaft 631, sleeve 64, gear 1 641, gear 1 642, motor 1 643, head cylinder 65, gear 2 651, gear 2 652, motor 2 653, locking assembly 66, housing 661, rod body 662, armature 663, electromagnet 664, permanent magnet 665. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system includes a coarse crushing tank 10, a fine crushing tank 20, a grinding tank 30, a crushing assembly 40 and a screening assembly 60. The coarse crushing tank 10 and the fine crushing tank 20 are both provided with a crushing assembly 40 and a screening assembly 60 distributed in the vertical direction, and the grinding tank 30 is provided with a screening assembly 60;

[0060] The screening assembly 60 includes an inner screen drum 61 which is arranged to rotate, and an outer screen drum 62 which is arranged outside the inner screen drum 61 and rotates synchronously with the inner screen drum 61 and can be changed in position relative to the inner screen drum 61. The inner screen drum 61 is provided with a screen hole area 1 611 and an open area 1 612, and the outer screen drum 62 is provided with a screen hole area 2 621 and an open area 2 622. Holes are provided at the screen hole area 1 611 and the screen hole area 2 621, and the apertures of the holes are successively reduced from the coarse crushing tank 10 to the fine crushing tank 20 and to the grinding tank 30.

[0061] The sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 are all staggered, the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622 are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62 are in a storage state;

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 partially overlap, the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622 are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62 are in the screening state 1;

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, the sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 611 and the sieve hole area 2 621 all overlap, the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622 are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62 are in the screening state 2;

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the sieve hole area 1 611 and the open area 1 612 are covered by the outer sieve cylinder 62, the sieve hole area 2 621 and the open area 2 622 are covered by the inner sieve cylinder 61, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 is provided with a grinding medium, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62 are in a grinding state;

[0065] like Figure 8 As shown, the sieve hole area 1 611 overlaps with the open area 2 622, the sieve hole area 2 621 overlaps with the open area 1 612, and the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62 are in the screening state 3;

[0066] like Fig. 9 As shown, the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622 overlap and are arranged downward, and the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are in a pouring state.

[0067] The energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system performs a rough crushing operation on the positive plate and graphite in the rough crushing tank 10, performs a fine crushing operation on the positive plate and graphite in the fine crushing tank 20, and performs a grinding operation on the positive plate and graphite in the grinding tank 30. The crushing operation of the positive plate and graphite is performed in cascades, so that the positive plate and graphite are fully crushed and evenly distributed, saving the subsequent mixing step. At the same time, the positive plate and the graphite are in close and sufficient contact.

[0068] In the screening component 60, the setting of the state conversion between the inner screen drum 61 and the outer screen drum 62 enables the screening component 60 to integrate the screening function, the grinding function and the mixing function.

[0069] The recycling method of the lithium battery recycling system of the energy storage system comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1, coarse crushing: the positive electrode sheet and one half of the graphite are put into the coarse crushing tank 10, and the crushing component 40 performs coarse crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component 60, and the unqualified mixed materials are screened and put into the coarse crushing tank 10 for further coarse crushing operation. The graphite is a graphite block;

[0071] S2, fine crushing: the qualified mixed material and one-half of the graphite are screened out in S1 and put into the fine crushing tank 20, and the crushing component 40 performs fine crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component 60, and the unqualified mixed material is screened out and put into the fine crushing tank 20 for further fine crushing operation, and the graphite is graphite particles;

[0072] S3, grinding: the qualified mixed material screened out in S2 enters the grinding tank 30, and the screening component 60 performs a grinding operation on it. The qualified mixed material screened out is discharged from the discharge end of the grinding tank 30, and the unqualified mixed material screened out continues to be ground.

[0073] The recycling method of the lithium battery cascade recycling system of the energy storage system is to divide the crushing work of the positive electrode sheet into three steps, namely coarse crushing, fine crushing and grinding; at the same time, the graphite is mixed with the positive electrode sheet and the crushing operation is performed at the same time, which has the following effects: 1. The contact between the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is sufficient to improve the conversion rate of lithium ions to lithium salts; 2. The time for heat treatment after the positive electrode sheet and the graphite are mixed is reduced; 3. The amount of graphite used is reduced to solve the problem of excessive use of graphite in order to fully convert lithium ions to lithium salts; 4. The amount of carbon monoxide generated is reduced, so that the graphite is fully oxidized to become carbon dioxide.

[0074] At the same time, in the recycling method of the lithium battery cascade recycling system of the energy storage system, the graphite is added in two times, one is to add the graphite block to the coarse crushing tank 10, and the coarse crushing operation is performed synchronously with the positive electrode sheet, and the other is to add the graphite particles to the fine crushing tank 20, and the fine crushing operation is performed synchronously with the positive electrode sheet; the problem that graphite is easier to break and more concentrated than the positive electrode sheet and is not easy to mix is ​​solved, the problem of excessive graphite dust adhering to the local part of the positive electrode sheet is prevented, and the uniformity of contact between the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is improved.

[0075] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the present embodiment in the screening state 1 is shown; Figure 6 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the second screening state in this embodiment is shown; Figure 7 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the grinding state in this embodiment;

[0076] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the third screening state in this embodiment is shown;

[0077] Fig. 9 What is shown is a schematic structural diagram of the inner sieve drum and the outer sieve drum in the present embodiment in a material discharging state.

[0078] In step S1, the following steps are specifically included:

[0079] S11, adjust the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to the storage state, and the crushed mixture enters the inner sieve drum 61 which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622; in the process of collecting and storing the mixture, the rotating inner sieve drum 61 further mixes the mixture to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the positive electrode sheet and the graphite, and reduce the difficulty of subsequent mixing.

[0080] S12, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the screening state 1, and the mixed material screened by the rotating inner sieve drum is put into the grinding tank 30 for grinding operation; the positive electrode sheets with smaller particles produced in the coarse crushing process are separated, and the fine crushing operation is skipped to avoid excessive crushing operation.

[0081] S13, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the screening state 2 for screening operation, and then the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the screening state 3 for screening operation, and the mixed material screened by the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 is put into the fine crushing tank 20 for fine crushing operation; the screening state 2 is suitable for the early stage when there are more broken materials and the screening is more convenient. The screening state 3 has two screening areas, and the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 can rotate a full circle, which is suitable for the later stage when more broken materials are screened out and the screening is more difficult. The use of the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 can fully screen the mixed material.

[0082] S14, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the material pouring state, and the mixed material that has not been screened is put back into the rough crushing tank 10 for rough crushing operation; the setting of the material pouring state improves the convenience of taking materials.

[0083] In step S2, the following steps are specifically included:

[0084] S21, adjust the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to the storage state, and the crushed mixture enters the inner sieve drum 61 which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622; the mixture of the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is stored and mixed.

[0085] S22, adjust the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to the screening state 2 for screening operation, and then adjust the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to the screening state 3, and put the mixed material screened by the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 into the grinding tank 30 for grinding operation; the use of the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 is used to fully screen the mixed material.

[0086] S23, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the material discharging state, and the mixed material that has not been screened out is put back into the fine crushing tank 20 for fine crushing operation.

[0087] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] S31, adjusting the storage state of the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62, the crushed mixture enters the inner sieve drum 61 which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 612 and the open area 2 622; the mixture of the positive electrode sheet and the graphite is stored and mixed.

[0089] S32, adjust the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to the grinding state, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 drive the mixture to rotate, and the grinding medium grinds the mixture; in the grinding state, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 can rotate a full circle to improve the grinding effect, wherein the grinding medium can use grinding balls.

[0090] S33, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 are adjusted to the screening state three, the screened mixed material is discharged from the discharge port, and the unscreened mixed material continues to be ground until all the mixed materials are ground to a qualified state.

[0091] At the same time, when the mixture is ground, the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 can also be adjusted to the screening state three. During the grinding process, the qualified mixture falls from the hole, and the unqualified mixture remains inside the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62, and the grinding operation continues, saving operation time.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to form a complete operating system between the coarse crushing tank 10, the fine crushing tank 20, and the grinding tank 30, a conveying pipeline is arranged between the three, and the specific arrangement is as follows: the feed end of the coarse crushing tank 10 has a feed port, the feed end of the fine crushing tank 20 has a pipe body 6 23, and the feed end of the grinding tank 30 has a pipe body 7 31;

[0093] A tube body 11 is arranged between the discharge end of the coarse crushing tank 10 and the feed port, a tube body 2 is arranged between the discharge end of the coarse crushing tank 10 and the tube body 6 23, and a tube body 3 13 is arranged between the discharge end of the coarse crushing tank 10 and the tube body 7 31; during the coarse crushing operation, the tube body 11 conveys the mixed material that has not been screened out by three screening operations in the screening state 1, the screening state 2, and the screening state 3 to the coarse crushing tank 10, the tube body 2 12 conveys the mixed material screened out by two screening operations in the screening state 2 and the screening state 3 to the fine crushing tank 20, and the tube body 3 13 conveys the mixed material screened out by the screening state 1 to the grinding tank 30.

[0094] A tube body four 21 is arranged between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank 20 and the tube body six 23, and a tube body five 22 is arranged between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank 20 and the tube body seven 31; during the fine crushing operation, the tube body four 21 conveys the mixed material screened by the screening state two and the screening state three to the grinding tank 30; the tube body five 22 conveys the mixed material that has not been screened by the screening state two and the screening state three to the fine crushing tank 20.

[0095] At the same time, in order to meet the material conveying operation between the coarse crushing tank 10, the fine crushing tank 20 and the grinding tank 30, valves and lifting pumps are provided on the pipe body 11, the pipe body 2 12, the pipe body 3 13, the pipe body 4 21 and the pipe body 5 22; in order to facilitate the feeding of materials, movable openings are provided on the pipe body 6 23 and the pipe body 7 31.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, the crushing assembly 40 is composed of two crushing rollers that rotate relative to each other, and the rotation direction is as follows: Figure 1 As shown by the arrows in , the positive electrode sheet and graphite pass through the two crushing rollers to complete the crushing operation; in order to prevent the crushed mixture from falling to the outside of the screening component 60, a collecting bucket 50 is provided between the crushing component 40 and the screening component 60, and the collecting bucket 50 collects the mixture and introduces it into the interior of the screening component 60.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the inner sieve cylinder 61 are provided with end capping columns 63, and the end capping columns 63 are provided to block both ends of the inner sieve cylinder 61 and limit the storage position of the end of the mixed material. The end capping columns 63 are rotatably matched with the tank walls of the coarse crushing tank 10, the fine crushing tank 20, and the grinding tank 30;

[0098] The head column 63 is sleeved with a sleeve 64, and a gear 641 is arranged on the outer ring side wall of at least one sleeve 64, and the gear 641 is meshed with a gear 642. A motor 643 is installed on the tank wall of the coarse crushing tank 10, the fine crushing tank 20 and the grinding tank 30, and the output end of the motor 643 is connected to the gear 642. The setting of the motor 643 provides power for the rotation of the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62. The motor 643 drives the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 to rotate forward and reverse through the gear 642, the gear 641 and the sleeve 64.

[0099] like Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the outer sieve cylinder 62 are provided with head cylinders 65. The setting of the head cylinder 65 blocks the two ends of the outer sieve cylinder 62 and limits the end storage position of the mixture. The head cylinder 65 is sleeved on the outside of the head column 63 and rotates therewith. A gear 2 651 is provided on the outer ring side wall of at least one head cylinder 65. The gear 2 651 is meshed with a gear 2 652. A motor 2 653 is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 64. A battery for powering the motor 2 653 is provided inside the sleeve 64. The output end of the motor 2 653 is connected to the gear 2 652. The setting of the motor 2 653 provides power for the rotation of the outer sieve cylinder 62. The motor 2 653 drives the outer sieve cylinder 62 to rotate forward and reverse relative to the inner sieve cylinder 61 through the gear 2 652, the gear 2 651 and the head cylinder 65, so as to realize the state conversion between the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, a locking assembly 66 is provided between the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62. The setting of the locking assembly 66 limits the relative position of the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 after the state between the inner sieve drum 61 and the outer sieve drum 62 is converted, thereby preventing the outer sieve drum 62 from being displaced relative to the inner sieve drum 61 during the rotation.

[0101] The locking assembly 66 includes a shell 661 disposed inside the sleeve 64, a rod 662 is slidably fitted in the shell 661, one end of the rod 662 located outside the shell 661 abuts against the head column 63, an armature 663 is disposed on one end of the rod 662 located inside the shell 661, a permanent magnet 665 is disposed on the side wall of the shell 661 close to the head column 63, an electromagnet 664 is disposed on the side wall of the shell 661 away from the head column 63, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 664 is greater than the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 665, and a battery for supplying power to the electromagnet 664 is disposed inside the sleeve 64;

[0102] When it is necessary to convert the state between the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62, the electromagnet 664 is energized, and the electromagnet 664 generates a strong magnetic force, which attracts the armature 663 to separate it from the permanent magnet 665, and there is no contact between the rod body 662 and the head column 63; when the conversion is completed and positioning is required, the electromagnet 664 is powered off, and the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 665 attracts the armature 663, so that the rod body 662 is in contact with the head column 63, thereby completing the limitation of the relative position between the inner sieve cylinder 61 and the outer sieve cylinder 62.

[0103] The distance between the electromagnet 664 and the armature 663 is a, and the distance between the armature 663 and the permanent magnet 665 is b. In the initial position, b is greater than a. When b is greater than a, the permanent magnet 665 absorbs the armature 663, so that after the rod body 662 contacts the head column 63, the rod body 662 still has a tendency to move toward the head column 63, thereby improving the stability during the limiting process.

[0104] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A lithium battery recycling system for an energy storage system, comprising a coarse crushing tank (10), a fine crushing tank (20), a grinding tank (30), a crushing component (40) and a screening component (60), characterized in that: The coarse crushing tank (10) and the fine crushing tank (20) are both provided with a crushing assembly (40) and a screening assembly (60) distributed in the vertical direction, and the grinding tank (30) is provided with a screening assembly (60); The screening assembly (60) comprises an inner screen drum (61) which is arranged to rotate, and an outer screen drum (62) which is arranged outside the inner screen drum (61) and rotates synchronously with the inner screen drum (61) and can change its position relative to the inner screen drum (61); the inner screen drum (61) is provided with a first screen hole area (611) and a first open area (612); the outer screen drum (62) is provided with a second screen hole area (621) and a second open area (622); holes are provided at the first screen hole area (611) and the second screen hole area (621); the diameters of the holes decrease in sequence from the coarse crushing tank (10) to the fine crushing tank (20) and to the grinding tank (30); The sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) are all staggered, the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622) are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62) are in a storage state; The sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) partially overlap, the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622) are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62) are in a screening state 1; The sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) overlap, the holes of the sieve hole area 1 (611) and the sieve hole area 2 (621) all overlap, the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622) are arranged upward, and the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62) are in the screening state 2; The sieve hole area 1 (611) and the open area 1 (612) are covered by the outer sieve cylinder (62), the sieve hole area 2 (621) and the open area 2 (622) are covered by the inner sieve cylinder (61), and a grinding medium is arranged inside the inner sieve cylinder (61), and a grinding state is formed between the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62); The sieve hole area 1 (611) overlaps with the open area 2 (622), the sieve hole area 2 (621) overlaps with the open area 1 (612), and the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62) are in the sieving state 3; The first open area (612) and the second open area (622) overlap and are arranged downward, and the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are in a material pouring state.

2. The energy storage system lithium battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed end of the coarse crushing tank (10) has a feed port, the feed end of the fine crushing tank (20) has a tube body six (23), and the feed end of the grinding tank (30) has a tube body seven (31); A tube body 1 (11) is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank (10) and the feed port, a tube body 2 (12) is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank (10) and the tube body 6 (23), and a tube body 3 (13) is provided between the discharge end of the rough crushing tank (10) and the tube body 7 (31); A tube body 4 (21) is arranged between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank (20) and the tube body 6 (23), and a tube body 5 (22) is arranged between the discharge end of the fine crushing tank (20) and the tube body 7 (31); The tube body one (11), the tube body two (12), the tube body three (13), the tube body four (21) and the tube body five (22) are all provided with valves and lifting pumps, and the tube body six (23) and the tube body seven (31) are all provided with movable openings.

3. The energy storage system lithium battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (40) is composed of two crushing rollers that rotate relative to each other, and a collecting bucket (50) is arranged between the crushing assembly (40) and the screening assembly (60).

4. The energy storage system lithium battery recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner screen cylinder (61) are provided with end caps (63), and the end caps (63) are rotatably matched with the tank walls of the coarse crushing tank (10), the fine crushing tank (20), and the grinding tank (30); The head column (63) is sleeved with a sleeve (64), and at least one of the sleeves (64) is provided with a gear tooth (641) on its outer ring side wall, and the gear tooth (641) is meshed with a gear (642). The walls of the coarse crushing tank (10), the fine crushing tank (20), and the grinding tank (30) are equipped with a motor (643), and the output end of the motor (643) is connected to the gear (642). The motor (643) drives the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to rotate in the forward and reverse directions.

5. The energy storage system lithium battery recycling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the outer sieve cylinder (62) are provided with a head cylinder (65), and the head cylinder (65) is sleeved on the outside of the head column (63) and rotated therewith. A second gear tooth (651) is provided on the outer ring side wall of at least one of the head cylinders (65), and the second gear tooth (651) is meshed with a second gear wheel (652). A second motor (653) is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (64), and the output end of the second motor (653) is connected to the second gear wheel (652). The second motor (653) drives the outer sieve cylinder (62) to rotate in the forward and reverse directions relative to the inner sieve cylinder (61).

6. The energy storage system lithium battery recycling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A locking assembly (66) is provided between the inner sieve cylinder (61) and the outer sieve cylinder (62); The locking assembly (66) comprises a shell (661) arranged inside the sleeve (64), a rod body (662) is slidably fitted in the shell (661), one end of the rod body (662) located outside the shell (661) abuts against the head column (63), an armature (663) is arranged at one end of the rod body (662) located inside the shell (661), a permanent magnet (665) is arranged on the side wall of the shell (661) close to the head column (63), and an electromagnet (664) is arranged on the side wall of the shell (661) away from the head column (63); The distance between the electromagnet (664) and the armature (663) is a, and the distance between the armature (663) and the permanent magnet (665) is b. In the initial position, b is greater than a.

7. The recycling method of the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, rough crushing: the positive electrode sheet and one half of the graphite are put into a rough crushing tank (10), and the crushing component (40) performs a rough crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component (60), and the unqualified mixed materials are screened out and put into the rough crushing tank (10) to continue the rough crushing operation. The graphite is a graphite block; S2, fine crushing: the qualified mixed material and one-half of the graphite screened out in S1 are put into a fine crushing tank (20), and the crushing component (40) performs a fine crushing operation on them. After crushing, they enter the screening component (60), and the unqualified mixed material screened out is put into the fine crushing tank (20) to continue the fine crushing operation. The graphite is graphite particles; S3, grinding: the qualified mixed material screened out in S2 enters the grinding tank (30), and the screening component (60) performs a grinding operation on it. The qualified mixed material screened out is discharged from the discharge end of the grinding tank (30), and the unqualified mixed material screened out continues to be ground.

8. The recycling method of the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11, adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to a storage state, and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum (61) which rotates periodically in a forward and reverse direction from the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622); S12, adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to the screening state 1, and putting the mixed material screened by the rotating inner sieve drum into the grinding tank (30) for grinding operation; S13, the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are adjusted to the second screening state for screening operation, and then the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are adjusted to the third screening state for screening operation, and the mixed material screened in the second screening state and the third screening state is put into the fine crushing tank (20) for fine crushing operation; S14, the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are adjusted to a material discharging state, and the mixed material that has not been screened is put back into the coarse crushing tank (10) for coarse crushing operation.

9. The recycling method of the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to a storage state, and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum (61) which rotates periodically in a forward and reverse direction from the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622); S22, adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to the second sieving state for sieving operation, and then adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to the third sieving state, and putting the mixed material sieved in the second sieving state and the third sieving state into the grinding tank (30) for grinding operation; S23, the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are adjusted to a material discharging state, and the mixed material that has not been screened out is put back into the fine crushing tank (20) for fine crushing operation.

10. The recycling method of the energy storage system lithium battery cascade recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31, adjusting the storage state of the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62), and the crushed mixed material enters the inner sieve drum (61) which rotates periodically in the forward and reverse directions from the open area 1 (612) and the open area 2 (622); S32, adjusting the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) to a grinding state, the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) drive the mixed material to rotate, and the grinding medium performs a grinding operation on the mixed material; S33, the inner sieve drum (61) and the outer sieve drum (62) are adjusted to the screening state three, the screened mixed material is discharged from the discharge port, and the unscreened mixed material continues to be ground.

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