Insulator string for heavy ice area, installation method, environmental simulation device and use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an insulator string for heavy ice areas, an installation method, an environmental simulation device and a method of use. The insulator string for heavy ice areas comprises two or more insulators connected in series, the insulator comprises an insulator and hardware arranged at both ends of the insulator, and the hardware of adjacent insulators is movably sleeved through a connector; the installation method of the insulator for heavy ice areas comprises two or more sets of insulator strings connected in parallel; the environmental simulation device comprises a bracket, a load box, a controller and a sensor assembly, and the two ends of the insulator or the insulator string are respectively connected to the load box and the bracket; a driver is arranged below the load box, and a tension releaser is arranged between the driver and the load box; the load box comprises a counterweight cavity for accommodating a counterweight block, and a spring is arranged between the counterweight cavity and the counterweight block. The insulator string for heavy ice areas of the present invention has good load-bearing and anti-destruction capabilities, and the environmental simulation device can quickly and accurately simulate the stress state of the insulator string when the conductor is covered with ice or de-iced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an insulator, in particular to an insulator string for heavy ice areas, an ice-shedding simulation device and a use method. Background Art

[0002] Transmission lines face great challenges in heavily iced sections. Especially in winter, due to continuous snowfall and low temperatures, conductors are often covered with a thick layer of ice. These ice layers not only increase the weight of the conductors, making the conductors that already carry the current even heavier, but also put additional pressure on the insulators of the transmission lines.

[0003] Insulators, as key components that support conductors and ensure electrical insulation between them and poles and towers, bear increasing weight as the ice layer thickens. However, the falling of ice is not a smooth process. It may be due to weather changes, such as a sudden rise in temperature, which causes the ice layer to melt and fall off; or it may be a manual de-icing operation to reduce the burden on the line. In either case, when the ice layer falls from the conductor, it will bring a huge instantaneous impact to the insulator. This impact may be an unbearable force for the insulator, especially when the ice layer is thick and heavy. If the impact is too strong, it may cause damage to the insulator. The damage of the insulator will not only affect the electrical performance of the line and reduce its insulation effect, but it may also cause a short circuit or grounding fault in the line, thereby seriously affecting the safety of power supply. The published patents such as CN115876411A, CN116559614A and CN109375004B analyze the impact of conductors and line racks during the de-icing process, but there is still a lack of research on the impact of insulators during the de-icing process in the industry.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an insulator string for heavy ice areas, an installation method, an environmental simulation device and a use method to improve the safety of insulators when used in heavy ice areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An insulator string for heavy ice areas comprises two or more insulators (10) connected in series with each other, the insulator (10) comprising an insulator and hardware (13) arranged at both ends of the insulator, and the hardware (13) of adjacent insulators (10) are movably sleeved through a connector (14);

[0007] The insulator comprises a plurality of small sheds (12) distributed in an array along the length direction of the insulator and at least one large shed (11); the projection profile of the large shed (11) along the length direction of the insulator is larger than that of the small sheds (12); and the number of the large sheds (11) is smaller than that of the small sheds (12).

[0008] Preferably, the mutually sleeved hardware (13) and connector (14) respectively comprise a hardware ring (13-1) and a connecting ring (14-1) in the form of a hollow annular structure, and the hardware ring (13-1) and the connecting ring (14-1) are mutually sleeved in an annular shape with a gap.

[0009] Preferably, at least one of the hardware ring (13-1) and the connecting ring (14-1) is an open hollow annular structure, and a detachable fastener (14-2) is provided at the opening to open or close the opening.

[0010] A method for installing insulators for heavy ice areas comprises more than two groups of insulator strings connected in parallel.

[0011] An environmental simulation device is used to simulate the state of an insulator (10) or an insulator string under stress, the environmental simulation device comprising a bracket (40), a load box (30), a controller (80) and a sensor assembly, wherein the load box (30) is arranged below the bracket (40);

[0012] The two ends of the insulator (10) or the insulator string are respectively connected to the load box (30) and the bracket (40); the load box (30) is provided with a driver (20) connected to the controller (80) by signal, the fixed end of the driver (20) is fixedly connected to the outside, and the moving end of the driver (20) is connected to the load box (30); the sensor component is connected to the controller (80) by signal.

[0013] Preferably, the driver (20) is arranged below the load box (30), and a tension releaser (60) is provided between the moving end of the driver (20) and the load box (30) for connecting or disconnecting the driver (20) and the load box (30).

[0014] Preferably, the tension releaser (60) is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected to the controller 80 via a signal.

[0015] Preferably, the tension releaser (60) is a tensile fracture specimen with a certain cross-sectional area.

[0016] Preferably, the load box (30) comprises a counterweight cavity (31) for accommodating a counterweight block (32), and a spring (33) is provided between the counterweight cavity (31) and the counterweight block (32).

[0017] Preferably, the sensor assembly comprises a first sensing device (50), and the first sensing device (50) is an image sensor.

[0018] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a second sensing device (51) arranged on the insulator (10) or the insulator string, the bracket (40) and / or the load box (30), and the second sensing device (51) includes one or a combination of a force sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0019] Preferably, a limiting device (70) is provided on at least one side of the load box (30), and the limiting device (70) includes a guide column arranged along the direction of gravity and a guide sleeve slidably connected to the guide column; any one of the guide column or the guide sleeve is connected to the load box (30), and the other is connected to the outside.

[0020] The method for using the above-mentioned environment simulation device comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, connecting the tension releaser (60), adjusting the number of counterweights (32) so that the weight of the load box 30 meets the simulation value;

[0022] S2, starting the driver (20), the driver (20) drives the load box (30) to move;

[0023] S3, the tension releaser (60) disconnects the driver (20) from the load box (30);

[0024] S4. The controller (80) records and analyzes the data obtained by the sensor assembly before and after the tension releaser (60) is disconnected.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Using multiple insulators that are movably connected and connected in series to form an insulator string can increase the electrical clearance while reducing the risk of damage to the insulators when they are subjected to large external forces such as de-icing.

[0027] 2. When in use, the insulator strings are connected in parallel in a V shape. The V-shaped insulator string and the tower form a triangular structure, which improves the load-bearing capacity of the insulator and improves the stability of the transmission line when subjected to external forces.

[0028] 3. The load box and driver in the simulation device can respectively simulate the influence of the conductor and external force on the insulator. Combined with the sensor, the state of the insulator under working conditions such as strong wind, icing and deicing can be judged intuitively, quickly and accurately.

[0029] 4. A spring is set between the counterweight cavity and the counterweight block to further simulate the jumping of the conductor when the external force changes, making the simulated force of the insulator closer to the actual working condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulator string of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation method and simulation device of the present invention.

[0033] Among them: insulator 10, large umbrella skirt 11, small umbrella skirt 12, hardware 13, hardware ring 13-1, connector 14, connecting ring 14-1, fastener 14-2, driver 20, load box 30, counterweight cavity 31, counterweight block 32, spring 33, bracket 40, first sensing device 50, second sensing device 51, tension releaser 60, limit device 70, controller 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0037] Below, the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 3 , an insulator string for heavy ice areas comprises two or more insulators 10 connected in series with each other, wherein the insulator 10 comprises an insulator and hardware 13 arranged at both ends of the insulator, and the hardware 13 of adjacent insulators 10 are movably connected by a connector 14;

[0039] The insulator comprises a plurality of small umbrella skirts 12 and at least one large umbrella skirt 11 distributed in an array along the length direction of the insulator, wherein the projection profile of the large umbrella skirt 11 along the length direction of the insulator is larger than the small umbrella skirts 12; and the number of the large umbrella skirts 11 is less than the small umbrella skirts 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of insulators 10 that are movably sleeved and connected in series are used as an insulator string, which can increase the electrical clearance while reducing the risk of damage to the insulator 10 when subjected to large external forces such as de-icing.

[0041] The outline of the large umbrella skirt 11 is larger than that of the small umbrella skirt 12, which can prevent water drops from the large umbrella skirt 11 from falling onto the small umbrella skirt 12. Its characteristics are: the umbrella spacing is increased, the arc is not easy to bridge when dirt and rainwater discharge, and the arc series connection can be blocked under severe ice and snow conditions.

[0042] In this embodiment, the insulator used is a composite insulator.

[0043] Furthermore, the mutually sleeved hardware 13 and connector 14 respectively include a hardware ring 13-1 and a connecting ring 14-1 in the form of hollow annular structures, and the hardware ring 13-1 and the connecting ring 14-1 are mutually sleeved in annular shapes with gaps (at least one of the annular shapes has a hollow space larger than the other annular shape).

[0044] Furthermore, at least one of the hardware ring 13 - 1 and the connecting ring 14 - 1 is an open hollow annular structure, and a detachable fastener 14 - 2 is provided at the opening to open or close the opening.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connecting ring 14-1 is an open hollow ring. When in use, after the connecting ring 14-1 is inserted into the hardware ring 13-1, the fastener 14-2 is inserted into the opening of the connecting ring 14-1 to lock it, so that the connecting ring 14-1 and the hardware ring 13-1 cannot be separated.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for installing insulators for heavy ice areas includes more than two groups of insulator strings connected in parallel.

[0047] In this embodiment, the two groups of insulator strings are arranged in a V-shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and the V-shaped angle a is 70 to 75 degrees; the upper end of the V-shape is the low-voltage side, which is connected to the transmission line tower; the lower end of the V-shape is the high-voltage side, which is connected to the transmission wire; the V-shaped insulator string and the tower form a triangular structure, which improves the load-bearing capacity of the insulator and the stability of the transmission line when subjected to external force.

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, an environmental simulation device is used to simulate the state of an insulator 10 or an insulator string under stress (wind blowing, ice coating, ice shedding, etc.), and the environmental simulation device includes a bracket 40, a load box 30, a controller 80 and a sensor assembly, and the load box 30 is arranged below the bracket 40;

[0049] The two ends of the insulator 10 or the insulator string are respectively connected to the load box 30 and the bracket 40; the load box 30 is provided with a driver 20 connected to the controller 80 signal, the fixed end of the driver 20 is fixedly connected to the outside, and the moving end of the driver 20 is connected to the load box 30; the sensor assembly is connected to the controller 80 signal.

[0050] When the actuators are set on both sides, the effect of wind on the insulator can be simulated;

[0051] Furthermore, the driver 20 is disposed below the load box 30 , and a tension releaser 60 is disposed between the moving end of the driver 20 and the load box 30 for connecting or disconnecting the driver 20 and the load box 30 .

[0052] Furthermore, the tension releaser 60 is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected to the controller 80 via a signal.

[0053] Furthermore, the tension releaser 60 is a tensile fracture specimen with a certain cross-sectional area.

[0054] In this embodiment, the structure of the tensile fracture specimen is made with reference to the specimen type in the tensile test of metal materials in GB / T228.1-2021, and the cross-sectional area is calculated as follows: cross-sectional area = breaking force ÷ tensile strength of material.

[0055] A tensile fracture specimen is used to control the release of tension, which has a simple structure and is practical and convenient.

[0056] Furthermore, the load box 30 includes a counterweight cavity 31 for accommodating a counterweight block 32 , and a spring 33 is provided between the counterweight cavity 31 and the counterweight block 32 .

[0057] In actual applications, the length of the wire between adjacent insulators is tens of meters. If the experiment is carried out according to the actual application, a large amount of space and materials will be required, resulting in a complex, lengthy and high-cost simulation process. Therefore, the simulation device of the present invention designs a combination of a counterweight block 32, a load box 30 and a spring 33, which simulates the actual working conditions by concentrating the load, improves the experimental efficiency, and reduces the experimental space, materials and costs.

[0058] In this embodiment, the counterweight 32 is used to adjust the weight of the load box 30 to simulate the weight borne by the insulator. The counterweight 32 of appropriate weight is configured as needed; the counterweight 32 is elastically supported by the spring 33, so that when the counterweight 32 and the load box 30 are in motion, the energy is converted between kinetic energy-potential energy-kinetic energy through the compression and release of the spring, thereby simulating the jumping and damping of the wire after the ice falls off.

[0059] Combining the existing conductor icing and deicing jump test data and numerical simulation, as well as subsequent data accumulation, the elastic characteristic curve of the spring can be set and optimized to further improve the simulation accuracy.

[0060] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes a first sensing device 50, and the first sensing device 50 is an image sensor.

[0061] The images and videos taken by the image sensor during the simulation process can be set in the front, back, left, right, top and bottom directions of the insulator for all-round observation according to analysis needs.

[0062] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes a second sensing device 51 disposed on the insulator 10 or the insulator string, the bracket 40 and / or the load box 30, and the second sensing device 51 includes one or a combination of a force sensor and a displacement sensor.

[0063] The second sensing device 51 records the force, displacement and other data of the insulator (which may also include the load box 30 and the bracket 40) during the simulation process.

[0064] Furthermore, a limiting device 70 is provided on at least one side of the load box 30, and the limiting device 70 includes a guide column arranged along the gravity direction and a guide sleeve slidably connected to the guide column; any one of the guide column or the guide sleeve is connected to the load box 30, and the other is connected to the outside.

[0065] Since the insulator is mainly subjected to the influence of external forces in the direction of gravity, in order to reduce the amount of data analysis in the test, realize rapid simulation analysis, and at the same time reduce the danger of the simulation process, the present embodiment provides a limit device 70 so that the load box 30 can only move up and down along the direction of gravity.

[0066] The method for using the above-mentioned environment simulation device comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Connect the tension releaser 60 and adjust the number of the counterweights 32 so that the weight of the load box 30 meets the simulation value.

[0068] In this embodiment, the weight range of the load box 30 is: 1 to 10 tons;

[0069] S2, start the driver 20, and the driver 20 drives the load box 30 to move;

[0070] S3, the tension releaser 60 disconnects the driver 20 from the load box 30;

[0071] In this embodiment, the tension release threshold setting range of the tension releaser is:

[0072] 50-120 kN;

[0073] S4. The controller 80 records and analyzes the data obtained by the sensor assembly before and after the tension releaser 60 is disconnected.

[0074] The first sensing device 50 records pictures and videos of the insulator during the simulation process, and can be set to perform all-round observation in the front, back, left, right, up and down directions of the insulator according to analysis needs; the second sensing device 51 records the force, displacement and other data of the insulator (which can also include the load box 30 and the bracket 40) during the simulation process.

[0075] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all of these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in a heavy ice area, the insulator for use in a heavy ice area comprising an insulator and hardware (13) arranged at both ends of the insulator, the insulator comprising a plurality of small sheds (12) and at least one large shed (11) arranged in an array along the length direction of the insulator, the projection profile of the large shed (11) along the length direction of the insulator being larger than that of the small sheds (12); the number of the large sheds (11) being smaller than that of the small sheds (12); An insulator string for heavy ice areas comprises two or more insulators (10) connected in series with each other, wherein the hardware (13) of adjacent insulators (10) are movably sleeved through a connector (14); Features: It comprises a bracket (40), a load box (30), a controller (80) and a sensor assembly, wherein the load box (30) is arranged below the bracket (40); The two ends of the heavy ice area insulator or insulator string are respectively connected to the load box (30) and the bracket (40); A driver (20) connected to a controller (80) signal is arranged below the load box (30), a fixed end of the driver (20) is fixedly connected to the outside, and a moving end of the driver (20) is connected to the load box (30); a tension releaser (60) for connecting or disconnecting the driver (20) and the load box (30) is arranged between the moving end of the driver (20) and the load box (30); The sensor assembly is signal-connected to the controller (80).

2. The environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in a heavy ice area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension releaser (60) is an electromagnet or a tensile fracture specimen with a certain cross-sectional area.

3. The environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in a heavy ice area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load box (30) comprises a counterweight chamber (31) for accommodating a counterweight block (32), and a spring (33) is provided between the counterweight chamber (31) and the counterweight block (32).

4. The environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in a heavy ice area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor assembly comprises a first sensing device (50), wherein the first sensing device (50) is an image sensor; The sensor assembly further comprises a second sensing device (51) arranged on an insulator or an insulator string for a heavy ice area, a bracket (40) and / or a load box (30), wherein the second sensing device (51) comprises a force sensor, a displacement sensor or a combination thereof.

5. The environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in heavy ice areas according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that: A limiting device (70) is provided on at least one side of the load box (30), and the limiting device (70) comprises a guide column arranged along the gravity direction and a guide sleeve slidably connected to the guide column; any one of the guide column or the guide sleeve is connected to the load box (30), and the other is connected to the outside.

6. The environmental simulation device for an insulator or an insulator string for use in a heavy ice area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: S1, connecting the tension releaser (60), adjusting the number of the counterweight blocks (32) so that the weight of the load box (30) meets the simulation value; S2, starting the driver (20), the driver (20) drives the load box (30) to move; S3, the tension releaser (60) disconnects the driver (20) from the load box (30); S4. The controller (80) records and analyzes the data obtained by the sensor assembly before and after the tension releaser (60) is disconnected.

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