Cathode automatic adjustment device and adjustment method of rare earth electrolytic furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace and an adjustment method thereof, comprising: a cathode main body component, comprising a cathode main body and a moving frame connected to the cathode main body; a moving assembly, comprising a moving frame, a power assembly transmission-connected between the moving frame and the moving frame, and a guide wheel group arranged between the moving frame and the moving frame, wherein the moving frame is provided with a guide member for abutting against the guide wheel group, the guide wheel group is supported on the guide member in the up-down and lateral directions, and constrains the movable gap of the moving frame in the front-back direction; an electrolytic furnace, comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode sheet arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and a collecting device arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, wherein the cathode main body is placed in the electrolytic cell; a frame assembly, comprising a support, and an adjustment frame rotatably arranged on the support, a cathode lifting assembly is arranged between the adjustment frame and the moving assembly, and a deflection assembly is arranged between the adjustment frame and the support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth electrolysis, and in particular to a cathode automatic adjustment device of a rare earth electrolysis furnace and an adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the rare earth molten salt electrolysis process is the main method for the production and preparation of rare earth metals. The electrolytic cell is the main equipment in this process, and its structure directly affects the quality of rare earth metal products, work efficiency and production cost. When the rare earth oxide is melted in molten salt, the melting temperature in the electrolysis equipment is above 1000°C. Maintaining a balanced and stable melting temperature during the electrolysis process is one of the prerequisites for the normal operation of the electrolysis process.

[0003] Existing electrolytic furnaces usually place a molybdenum pot for collecting rare earth metals at the bottom of the furnace, and graphite anodes are installed around the furnace. A tungsten-molybdenum alloy rod is inserted in the middle of the furnace as a cathode. The furnace is filled with molten salt. Under the action of the inter-electrode electric field between the cathode and the anode, the molten salt acts as a resistor to generate heat and becomes molten, while maintaining the temperature required for the electrolysis process.

[0004] The tungsten rod, which serves as the cathode, guides the current to flow through the electrolyte during the electrolysis process. The current enters the electrolytic cell through the tungsten rod, thereby starting the electrolysis process. At the same time, during the electrolysis process, the anode graphite sheet on the side of the electrolytic cell will gradually be consumed. This consumption will cause the distance between the cathode and the anode to change, thereby affecting the cell voltage and energy consumption of the electrolytic cell.

[0005] Moreover, due to the consumption of the anode sheets, they need to be replaced in turn. The distance between the tungsten rod and the updated anode sheet is different from the distance between the updated anode sheets. When the deviation of the distance between the positive and negative electrodes around is too large, it will cause unbalanced electrolysis inside the electrolytic furnace. In addition, the positioning accuracy of the tungsten rod must be ensured to ensure the accuracy of the distance between the cathode and the anode. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace and an adjustment method thereof.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The cathode automatic adjustment device of the rare earth electrolytic furnace comprises:

[0009] A cathode body assembly, comprising a cathode body, and a moving frame connected to the cathode body;

[0010] The moving assembly comprises a moving frame for accommodating the moving frame to move forward and backward therein, a power assembly connected between the moving frame and the moving frame, and a guide wheel assembly provided between the moving frame and the moving frame, wherein the moving frame is provided with a guide member for contacting with the guide wheel assembly, the guide wheel assembly is supported by the guide member in the up-down and lateral directions, and constrains the movable clearance of the moving frame in the front-back direction;

[0011] The electrolytic furnace comprises an electrolytic cell, an anode sheet arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and a collecting device arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, wherein the cathode body is placed in the electrolytic cell;

[0012] The frame assembly includes a support and an adjustment frame rotatably arranged on the support, a cathode lifting assembly is arranged between the adjustment frame and the movement assembly, and a deflection assembly arranged in the horizontal direction is arranged between the adjustment frame and the support, and the cathode lifting assembly and the deflection assembly actuate the cathode body to adjust the movement in the electrolytic cell.

[0013] Furthermore, the yaw assembly includes a transmission seat rotatably arranged on a support, a yaw actuating unit arranged in the transmission seat, a linkage rod extending from the adjustment frame, the yaw actuating unit is hinged to the linkage rod, and a travel switch is provided on the action trajectory of the yaw actuating unit.

[0014] Further, the cathode lifting assembly includes a cathode transmission rod arranged vertically, and a cathode mounting block transmission-connected to the cathode transmission rod, and the positioning frame is arranged on the cathode mounting block;

[0015] The adjusting frame is provided with a stirring lifting assembly, the stirring lifting assembly comprises a stirring transmission rod and a stirring mounting block, and the stirring mounting block is connected with the stirring assembly;

[0016] It also includes an intermediate guide rod arranged between the cathode drive rod and the stirring drive rod, the stirring mounting block and the cathode mounting block are both sleeved on the intermediate guide rod, and the cathode mounting block is supported on the lower part of the foot plate mounting block.

[0017] Furthermore, a manual transmission assembly is fixedly provided at the bottom of the transmission rod, and the manual transmission assembly includes a manual rocker and a bevel gear transmission arranged between the connecting rod and the manual rocker.

[0018] Further, the moving frame is limited to move within the moving frame, and the guide wheel group includes a wheel unit arranged near the moving limit position of the moving frame;

[0019] The guide component includes a guide plane and guide inclined surfaces arranged on both sides of the guide plane, and the wheel unit is attached to the guide plane and the guide inclined surfaces. The plurality of wheel units define the movement space of the moving frame in the up-down direction and the side direction.

[0020] Furthermore, the guide wheel group includes a wheel unit, which includes a guide body and a movable guide part. The guide body is provided with a reference guide surface, and the reference guide surface is abutted against the guide member at least in the up and down directions and in the lateral direction. The movable guide part is movably arranged on the guide body, and an adjusting part is provided at the rear of the movable guide part, and the adjusting part regulates the movable gap between the movable guide part and the guide member at least in the lateral direction.

[0021] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a stirring actuating unit arranged on a stirring mounting seat, a stirring frame driven to rotate by the stirring actuating unit, and a stirring shaft arranged on the stirring frame. A linkage assembly is provided between the stirring frame and the stirring shaft, and when the stirring frame rotates, the stirring shaft is driven to revolve, and the stirring shaft rotates synchronously through the linkage assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, a stirring sheet is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft, and the stirring sheet extends between the electrolytic cell and the anode sheet. The stirring shaft and the stirring frame are configured to swing back and forth between the electrolytic cell and the anode sheet, and the cathode body is placed between the stirring shafts.

[0023] Furthermore, the collecting device comprises a molybdenum pot, the stirring assembly and the cathode body are suspended above the molybdenum pot, and at least one heat insulation layer and a cooling layer are provided on the outside of the electrolytic furnace.

[0024] The method for adjusting the cathode automatic adjustment device of the rare earth electrolytic furnace comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Correcting the guide wheel group, calibrating the reference surface of the guide wheel group with the guide member, and adjusting the guide contact surface of the guide wheel group located on the other side of the reference surface and the guide member;

[0026] S2, the power assembly drives the moving frame to move, and the deflection assembly adjusts the water level position of the moving assembly until the moving frame and the cathode main assembly thereon are at zero position;

[0027] S3, adjusting the height of the cathode main assembly and the stirring assembly to above the electrolytic furnace, and the stirring assembly is located above the cathode main assembly, and adjusting the position of the electrolytic furnace so that the center of the electrolytic cell and the collecting device is aligned with the center of the cathode main assembly and the stirring assembly;

[0028] S4, the cathode main body assembly and the stirring assembly descend until the stirring assembly surrounds the outer periphery of the cathode main body, and power is turned on to start electrolysis;

[0029] S5, the moving assembly drives the moving frame and the cathode main assembly to move forward and backward, and the deflection assembly adjusts the water level position of the cathode main assembly, thereby controlling the distance between the cathode main assembly and the anode sheet.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention arranges a moving frame in a moving frame, and the moving frame limits a sliding track through a wheel unit in the moving frame. The second guide surface on the wheel unit is limited to the two side boundaries of the moving frame, and the first guide surface of the wheel unit is limited to the upper and lower boundaries of the moving frame, so as to avoid the swing of the moving frame, thereby improving the moving stability and accuracy of the cathode body, ensuring the position of the cathode body and the anode sheet during the electrolysis process, and ensuring the uniformity and stability of the electrolysis reaction. In addition, accurate adjustment of the cathode body position is helpful to optimize the distribution of current in the electrolyte, improve current efficiency, and reduce energy loss.

[0032] The present invention realizes automatic adjustment of the cathode body by adjusting the cathode body forward and backward in the radial direction, adjusting the vertical lifting and lowering, and swinging in the circumferential direction, thereby stabilizing the distance between the cathode and the anode, avoiding the increase of the molten salt temperature and the rapid dissolution of the cathode, and ensuring the stability of the cell voltage and energy consumption of the electrolytic cell. At the same time, the displacement adjustment of the cathode body is used to adjust the flow path or mixing effect of the electrolyte, and combined with the rotation of the stirring component, the efficiency and uniformity of the electrolytic reaction are improved, which helps to reduce the energy consumption and the generation of by-products in the electrolytic process, and improve the yield and purity of rare earth metals.

[0033] On the other hand, contact and friction with the stirring assembly are avoided by precise movement of the cathode body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring assembly and the electrolytic furnace of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movement assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intermediate transmission rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power assembly, the positioning frame and the moving frame of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the movement frame of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the corresponding guide wheel in the positioning frame of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the movement frame of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 for Figure 7 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0044] Fig.11 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the wheel unit of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic furnace of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view of an electrolytic furnace of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sun gear and the planetary gear of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.16 for Fig.14 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0050] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring shaft and the universal joint of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.18 for Fig.17 The enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0052] In the figure: 1. cathode main body assembly; 1.1. cathode main body; 1.2. moving frame; 1.3. insulating plate; 2.3. contact block; 2.31. contact slope;

[0053] 2. Positioning frame; 2.1. Stop end cover; 2.2. Micro switch;

[0054] 3. Power assembly; 3.1. Motor; 3.2. Reducer; 3.3. Gear; 3.4. Rack;

[0055] 4. Guide wheel assembly; 4.1. Wheel unit; 4.11. Guide body; 4.12. Movable guide part; 4.2. First guide surface; 4.3. Second guide surface; 4.4. Locking nut; 4.41. Adjustment hole; 4.5. Bearing; 4.6. End cover;

[0056] 5. Guide member; 5.1. Guide plane; 5.2. Guide slope;

[0057] 6. Electrolytic furnace; 6.1. Electrolytic cell; 6.2. Collecting device; 6.21. Molybdenum pot; 6.3. Collecting space; 6.4. Electrolytic space; 6.5. Electrode sheet; 6.6. Anode sheet; 6.7. Panel group; 6.8. Upper cooling structure; 6.9. Side cooling structure; 6.10. Heat insulation structure; 6.11. First heat insulation layer; 6.12. Second heat insulation layer; 6.13. Insulation layer;

[0058] 7. Support; 8. Adjustment frame; 8.1. Linkage rod;

[0059] 9. Cathode lifting assembly; 9.1. Cathode transmission rod; 9.2. Cathode mounting block;

[0060] 10. Swing assembly; 10.1. Transmission seat; 10.2. Swing actuating unit; 10.3. Travel switch;

[0061] 11. Stirring lifting assembly; 11.1. Stirring transmission rod; 11.2. Stirring mounting block;

[0062] 12. Stirring assembly; 12.1. Stirring actuating unit; 12.2. Stirring frame; 12.3. Stirring shaft; 12.4. Linkage assembly; 12.5. Stirring blade; 12.6. Sun gear; 12.7. Planetary gear; 12.8. Upper cage; 12.9. Lower cage; 12.10. Rocker; 12.11. Universal joint;

[0063] 13. Middle guide rod;

[0064] 14. Manual transmission assembly; 14.1. Manual rocker; 14.2. Bevel gear; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] It should be understood that although the terms upper, middle, lower, top, end, etc. appear in this article to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements from each other for easy understanding, and are not used to define any direction or order limitation.

[0067] like Figure 1-18 As shown, the cathode automatic adjustment device of the rare earth electrolytic furnace 6 includes:

[0068] The cathode body 1.1 assembly comprises the cathode body 1.1, a moving frame 1.2 connected to the cathode body 1.1, and a connecting plate arranged in the moving direction of the moving frame 1.2, the cathode body 1.1 being vertically connected to the connecting plate;

[0069] The moving assembly comprises a moving frame 2 for accommodating the moving frame 1.2 to move forward and backward therein, a power assembly 3 connected between the moving frame 1.2 and the moving frame 2, and a guide wheel assembly 4 provided between the moving frame 2 and the moving frame 1.2. The moving frame 1.2 is provided with a guide member 5 for contacting with the guide wheel assembly 4. The guide wheel assembly 4 is supported by the guide member 5 in the up-down and lateral directions and constrains the movable clearance of the moving frame 1.2 in the front-back direction.

[0070] The electrolytic furnace 6 comprises an electrolytic cell 6.1, an anode plate 6.6 arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 6.1 and a collecting device 6.2 arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6.1, wherein the cathode body 1.1 is placed in the electrolytic cell 6.1;

[0071] The frame assembly includes a support 7, and an adjustment frame 8 rotatably arranged on the support 7, a cathode lifting assembly 9 is arranged between the adjustment frame 8 and the moving assembly, and a deflection assembly 10 arranged in the horizontal direction is arranged between the adjustment frame 8 and the support 7, and the cathode lifting assembly 9 and the deflection assembly 10 actuate the cathode body 1.1 to adjust and move in the electrolytic cell 6.1;

[0072] The stirring assembly 12 is covered above and around the cathode body 1.1, and is provided with a stirring mounting block 11.2 connected to the cathode lifting assembly 9, so that the cathode lifting assembly 9 drives the stirring assembly 12 to rise and fall synchronously. In addition, the positioning assembly drives the cathode body 1.1 to adjust its position in the stirring assembly 12 and to detach radially from the stirring assembly 12.

[0073] Among them, the stirring assembly 12 includes multiple stirring shafts 12.3, and a space for the cathode body 1.1 to detach and enter is defined between two adjacent stirring shafts 12.3. It should be pointed out that the detachment and entry of the cathode body 1.1 are carried out after the cathode body 1.1 assembly and the stirring shaft 12.3 assembly are vertically away from the electrolytic furnace 6.

[0074] As a further implementation of the power assembly 3, the power assembly 3 is used to drive the moving frame 1.2 to move linearly, and can be a screw nut module or a gear 3.3 rack 3.4 module.

[0075] As an example, the power assembly 3 includes a motor 3.1 and a reducer 3.2 fixed to the outside of the moving frame 2, and a rack 3.4 fixed to the moving frame 1.2. The output end of the reducer 3.2 is provided with a gear 3.3, which meshes with the rack 3.4 and drives the cathode body 1.1 assembly to slide.

[0076] (Electrolytic Furnace 6)

[0077] like Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, in this embodiment, a panel group 6.7 is provided on the electrolytic furnace 6, and a plurality of conductive sheets are provided on the panel group 6.7 corresponding to the upper end of the electrolytic cell 6.1, and the conductive sheets of the whole machine are connected to the panel group 6.7 to improve the conductive effect and reduce the resistance;

[0078] The center of the electrolytic cell 6.1 is provided with an electrolytic space 6.4 and a collecting space 6.3 designed at the bottom of the electrolytic space 6.4. The outer diameter of the electrolytic space 6.4 is larger than the collecting space 6.3. An anode sheet 6.6 is arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic space 6.4 for inserting the cathode body 1.1. The anode sheet 6.6 is connected to the conductive sheet at the upper end of the electrolytic furnace 6. An electrolytic device is formed between the cathode body 1.1 and the anode sheet 6.6. A collecting device 6.2 is arranged in the collecting space 6.3, so that the rare earth material on the cathode body 1.1 is electrolyzed to form rare earth elements and collected in the collecting device 6.2.

[0079] The spacing between the cathode body 1.1 and the anode sheet 6.6 is adjusted by the positioning assembly and the deflection assembly 10, thereby reducing and adjusting the cell voltage and energy consumption of the electrolytic cell 6.1 and stabilizing the electrolysis process.

[0080] The anode sheet 6.6 may be a graphite sheet.

[0081] The collecting device 6.2 may be a molybdenum pot 6.21.

[0082] The cathode body 1.1 may be a tungsten rod.

[0083] In other embodiments, since the electrolytic furnace 6 needs to be maintained at a specified temperature, but the phenomenon of over-temperature of the electrolytic furnace 6 still needs to be controlled, for this purpose, an upper cooling structure 6.8 is connected to the panel group 6.7, and a heat insulation structure 6.10 and a side cooling structure 6.9 are provided on the peripheral side of the electrolytic furnace 6.

[0084] The heat insulation structure 6.10 includes: a first heat insulation layer 6.11, a second heat insulation layer 6.12 and a thermal insulation layer 6.13 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the electrolytic furnace 6. The first heat insulation layer 6.11 is wrapped around the outside of the electrolytic cell 6.1. The first heat insulation layer 6.11 performs a primary heat insulation on the electrolytic cell 6.1, so that the heat is kept inside the electrolytic cell 6.1 and the conduction to the outer layer is reduced. At the same time, the second heat insulation layer 6.12 performs a secondary heat insulation on the heat, further reducing the external expansion of the heat. At this time, very little heat reaches the outside of the second heat insulation layer 6.12, and the thermal insulation layer 6.13 is provided to keep the internal heat warm.

[0085] Based on the above arrangement, most of the high temperature generated by the electrolytic furnace 6 is maintained inside the electrolytic furnace 6, and very little is dissipated to the outside of the electrolytic furnace 6, so that the heat on the outer surface of the electrolytic furnace 6 is not high. The electrolytic furnace 6 is reasonably designed for thermal insulation to ensure that the inner structural parts are within the critical temperature resistance point of the material, while reducing the temperature diffusion in the low heat generation area.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first heat insulation layer 6.11, the second heat insulation layer 6.12 and the thermal insulation layer 6.13 are separated by the steel shell of the electrolytic furnace 6 itself.

[0087] Optionally, the first heat insulating layer 6.11 and the second heat insulating layer 6.12 are filled with high temperature resistant casting material; and the heat insulating layer 6.13 is filled with heat insulating cotton.

[0088] Preferably, in this embodiment, thermal insulation cotton is also filled at the bottom of the electrolytic furnace 6. The use of refractory castables to cast the thermal insulation layer not only plays a role in thermal insulation, but also makes the electrolytic furnace 6 have a relatively strong structural strength, which is sufficient to support the thermal expansion in the electrolytic cell 6.1, thereby controlling the expansion of the electrolytic furnace 6 after being heated.

[0089] The upper cooling structure 6.8 includes: an upper cooling channel arranged in the panel group 6.7; the side cooling structure 6.9 includes: a side cooling channel arranged on the side of the electrolytic furnace 6, and the upper cooling channel and the side cooling channel are connected to the coolant, or cold water, so as to control the surface temperature of the electrolytic furnace 6 to prevent the outside temperature from being too high. At the same time, the conductive sheet located on the panel group 6.7 is close to or against the upper cooling channel, so as to cool the conductive sheet to prevent the temperature from being too high and reduce the instability of the electrolysis process.

[0090] The side cooling channel is arranged on the outside of the thermal insulation layer 6.13.

[0091] In this embodiment, the peripheral temperature of the electrolytic furnace 6 is controlled by controlling the stability of the operating temperature of the electrolytic furnace 6, thereby reducing excessive loss of the cathode body 1.1 due to high temperature. On this basis, the relative position of the cathode body 1.1 and the anode sheet 6.6 is accurately controlled by the positioning assembly, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0092] (Moving components)

[0093] like Figures 3 to 11 As shown, as a further implementation of the cooperation between the guide wheel group 4 and the guide member 5, the guide member 5 includes a guide plane 5.1 and guide inclined surfaces 5.2 arranged on both sides of the guide plane 5.1, the wheel unit 4.1 is attached to the guide plane 5.1 and the guide inclined surface 5.2, and the plurality of wheel units 4.1 define the movement space of the moving frame 1.2 in the up-down direction and the lateral direction;

[0094] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the wheel unit 4.1 has a first guide surface 4.2 and a second guide surface 4.3 arranged opposite to the guide plane 5.1, the second guide surface 4.3 is connected to the guide inclined surface 5.2, and the wheel unit 4.1 is rotatably arranged inside the moving frame 2, and not only supports the moving frame 1.2, but also guides the sliding of the moving frame 1.2, thereby reducing its movement away from the sliding direction;

[0095] from Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that, as a preference, the guide plane 5.1 on the guide member 5 and the guide slopes 5.2 on both sides form a trapezoidal profile, which improves the sliding stability of the tungsten rod connecting assembly by increasing the guide area with the wheel unit 4.1. In addition, the second guide surfaces 4.3 on both sides also limit the lateral position of the moving frame 1.2, and the first guide surface 4.2 supports the moving frame 1.2 in the vertical direction, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the movement of the moving frame 1.2.

[0096] like Fig.11 As shown, as a further implementation of the wheel unit 4.1, the wheel unit 4.1 includes a guide body 4.11 and a movable guide portion 4.12, the guide body 4.11 is provided with a reference guide surface, the reference guide surface is abutted against the guide member 5 at least in the up and down directions and in the lateral direction, the movable guide portion 4.12 is movably arranged on the guide body 4.11, and an adjusting member is provided at the rear of the movable guide portion 4.12, and the adjusting member regulates the movable gap between the movable guide portion 4.12 and the guide member 5 at least in the lateral direction.

[0097] Among them, the movable guide part 4.12 is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and a second guide surface 4.3 corresponding to one side of the guide member 5 is provided on the movable guide part 4.12. Another truncated cone opposite to the movable guide part 4.12 is provided on the guide body 4.11, and a second guide surface 4.3 corresponding to the other side of the guide member 5 is provided on the truncated cone. The two truncated cones are arranged opposite to each other. The guide body 4.11 is also provided with a circular shaft portion located between the two truncated cones, and a first guide surface 4.2 corresponding to the upper and lower boundaries of the guide member 5 is formed on the circular shaft portion. Therefore, the first guide surface 4.2 and the second guide surface 4.3 on the guide body 4.11 are used as reference guide surfaces, and the relative position of the second guide surface 4.3 on the movable guide part 4.12 and the first guide surface 4.2 and the second guide surface 4.3 on the guide body 4.11 is controlled by the adjusting member.

[0098] In this embodiment, the guide body 4.11 is used as a reference part to cooperate with the guide member 5, and the movable guide part 4.12 is used as an adjustment part to adjust the relative position between the guide body 4.11 and the guide member 5, thereby eliminating the matching gap between the movable guide part 4.12 and the guide member 5, further improving the guiding accuracy.

[0099] As an implementation method of adjusting the movable guide part 4.12, the adjusting member may be a locking nut 4.4, which is arranged at the end of the movable guide part 4.12 away from the guide body 4.11, and the locking nut 4.4 abuts against the movable guide part 4.12 to adjust the gap of the guide matching part between the movable guide part 4.12 and the movable frame 1.2.

[0100] Among them, the locking nut 4.4 has a plurality of adjustment holes 4.41 in the circumferential direction, and a locking piece, such as a bolt, is arranged in the adjustment hole 4.41 to fix the axial position of the locking nut 4.4 and the movable guide part 4.12 relative to the guide body 4.11, and the radial position of the locking nut 4.4 and the movable guide part 4.12 relative to the guide body 4.11 is regulated by the tightness of the plurality of locking pieces to ensure the accuracy of the movable frame 1.2 and the cathode body 1.1 assembly thereon during the movement process.

[0101] Furthermore, a slot corresponding to the adjustment hole 4.41 is provided on the movable guide part 4.12, and the slot is used to limit the position of the locking member to prevent the relative rotation of the movable guide part 4.12 and the guide body 4.11, while ensuring the reliability and stability of the movable guide part 4.12 after position adjustment.

[0102] Specifically, the guide body 4.11 is provided with a connecting shaft connected to both sides of the moving frame 2, the movable guide part 4.12 is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is provided with a bearing 4.5, and the outer side of the moving frame 2 is also provided with an end cover 4.6 covering the end of the connecting shaft.

[0103] As a setting mode of the guide wheel group 4 on the guide member 5, the moving frame 1.2 is limited to move in the moving frame 2, and the guide wheel group 4 includes a wheel unit 4.1 arranged near the moving limit position of the moving frame 1.2.

[0104] Optionally, the wheel units 4.1 are arranged about the front and rear ends and the upper and lower ends of the moving frame 1.2. As an example, there are four wheel units 4.1, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends and the upper and lower ends of the moving frame 1.2, and each wheel unit 4.1 is connected to a guide member 5.

[0105] Specifically, there are two guide members 5 in the linear direction, and each guide member 5 is connected to a wheel unit 4 . 1 . With this arrangement, the gaps between the two guide members 5 in the linear direction can be adjusted separately to improve the position accuracy of the guide members 5 .

[0106] Furthermore, each guide member 5 is provided with a plurality of bolt adjustment positions in the width direction. Preferably, bolt adjustment positions are provided on the first guide surface 4.2 and the two second guide surfaces 4.3, and the bolt adjustment positions are arranged at intervals in the sliding direction.

[0107] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the present embodiment, in order to further improve the stability and reliability of the movement of the cathode body 1.1, a stop end cover 4.62.1 is provided at the end of the movement frame 2 and is spaced apart from the moving frame 1.2. The stop end cover 4.62.1 is provided with a guide opening for the connecting plate to pass through. At the same time, a gap is spaced between the stop end cover 4.62.1 and the movement frame 2 for the moving frame 1.2 to move.

[0108] An insulating plate 1.3 is provided between the connecting plate and the moving frame 1.2.

[0109] In other embodiments, two micro switches 2.2 arranged along the sliding direction are provided in the positioning frame 2, and a contact block 2.3 arranged between the two micro switches 2.2 is provided on the moving frame 1.2, and contact inclined surfaces 2.31 arranged opposite to each other are provided on the contact block 2.3, wherein the contact block 2.3 is arranged in an isosceles trapezoid arranged toward the micro switch 2.2, and as the moving frame 1.2 moves back and forth, the contact inclined surface 2.31 gradually contacts and actuates the micro switch 2.2 to prompt the moving frame 1.2 to move into position.

[0110] (Yaw assembly 10)

[0111] from Figure 2 It can be seen that as a further embodiment of the yaw assembly 10, the yaw assembly 10 includes a transmission seat 10.1 rotatably arranged on the support 7, a yaw actuating unit 10.2 arranged in the transmission seat 10.1, a linkage rod 8.1 extending from the adjustment frame 8, the yaw actuating unit 10.2 is hinged to the linkage rod 8.1, and a travel switch 10.3 is provided on the movement trajectory of the yaw actuating unit 10.2.

[0112] The travel switch 10.3 is used to control the extension and retraction of the yaw actuator unit 10.2. The extension and retraction of the yaw actuator unit 10.2 drives the adjustment frame 8 to rotate relative to the transmission seat 10.1, so as to drive the entire stirring assembly 12 and the positioning assembly to yaw. Through the adjustment action of the yaw assembly 10, the center position of the cathode body 1.1 assembly and the stirring assembly 12 relative to the electrolytic furnace 6 is adjusted. At the same time, the positioning assembly can continue to adjust the front and rear positions of the cathode body 1.1 assembly after the yaw angle, effectively improving the position adjustment degree of the tungsten rod. The entire adjustment and positioning operation does not require manual participation, ensuring manual safety and work efficiency. On the other hand, the adjustment of the tungsten rod also facilitates subsequent slag removal and furnace casting operations, reduces the tungsten rod's hindrance to the operation, and improves production efficiency.

[0113] (Lifting components)

[0114] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the cathode lifting assembly 9 includes a cathode driving rod 9.1 vertically arranged on the adjustment frame 8, and a cathode mounting block 9.2 drivingly connected to the cathode driving rod 9.1, and the walking frame 2 is arranged on the cathode mounting block 9.2;

[0115] The adjusting frame 8 is provided with a stirring lifting assembly 11, which includes a stirring transmission rod 11.1 and a stirring mounting block 11.2, and the stirring mounting block 11.2 is connected with a stirring assembly 12;

[0116] It also includes an intermediate guide rod 13 arranged between the cathode drive rod 9.1 and the stirring drive rod 11.1, the stirring mounting block 11.2 and the cathode mounting block 9.2 are both sleeved on the intermediate guide rod 13, and the cathode mounting block 9.2 is supported at the bottom of the stirring mounting block 11.2.

[0117] Among them, the stirring transmission rod 11.1 and the cathode transmission rod 9.1 are both driven and lifted by means of a vertical screw nut, and the stirring mounting block 11.2 and the cathode mounting block 9.2 both have a part connected to the intermediate guide rod 13, thereby ensuring that the stirring assembly 12 is always located above the cathode main body 1.1 assembly, and the cathode main body 1.1 assembly is lifted and lowered synchronously with the stirring assembly 12 when lifted, effectively avoiding interference between the cathode main body 1.1 assembly and the stirring assembly 12 during lifting and adjustment.

[0118] In other embodiments, the transmission seat 10.1 is rotatably arranged to drive the entire adjustment frame 8, as well as the stirring assembly 12 and the cathode body 1.1 assembly thereon to rotate and move away from the electrolytic furnace 6. The cathode body 1.1 assembly is driven forward and backward away from the stirring assembly 12 by the moving assembly. Through the action of the cathode lifting assembly 9 and the stirring lifting assembly 11, the two are further separated vertically. In this way, the collection of the collecting device 6.2, the cleaning of the inside of the electrolytic furnace 6, and the maintenance and replacement operations of the cathode body 1.1 are facilitated.

[0119] In other embodiments, when the above-mentioned lifting assembly fails, emergency operation is required to make the cathode body 1.1 assembly rise and fall relative to the electrolytic furnace 6. A manual transmission assembly 14 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the transmission rod. The manual transmission assembly 14 includes a manual rocker 14.1 and a bevel gear 14.23.3 arranged between the connecting rod and the manual rocker 14.1. One bevel gear 14.23.3 is specifically arranged on the cathode transmission rod 9.1, and the other bevel gear 14.23.3 is arranged on the manual rocker 14.1.

[0120] (Stirring component 12)

[0121] like Figures 14 to 18 As shown, as a further embodiment of the stirring component 12, the stirring component 12 includes a stirring actuating unit 12.1 arranged on a stirring mounting seat, a stirring frame 12.2 driven to rotate by the stirring actuating unit 12.1, and a stirring shaft 12.3 arranged on the stirring frame 12.2, a linkage component 12.4 is arranged between the stirring frame 12.2 and the stirring shaft 12.3, and when the stirring frame 12.2 rotates, the stirring shaft 12.3 is driven to revolve, and the stirring shaft 12.3 rotates synchronously through the linkage component 12.4.

[0122] The stirring actuating unit 12.1 acts as a driving force to drive the rotating structure to drive the stirring shaft 12.3 to rotate continuously. At the same time, the linkage effect of the linkage structure is used to drive the stirring structure to rotate relative to the rotating structure for stirring, and continuous stirring is performed in the electrolytic cell 6.1. The rotating structure is used to revolve relative to the stirring mounting block 11.2 and the stirring shaft 12.3 is used to rotate relative to the rotating structure, so that the stirring structure can stir the molten salt in the molybdenum pot 6.21 more evenly, which has the effects of achieving continuous stirring, more uniform stirring, and improved electrolysis efficiency. Based on the above-mentioned stirring component 12, the molten salt in the electrolytic furnace 6 can be effectively electrolyzed to separate rare earth metals, thereby improving the precipitation purity and production efficiency of rare earth metals, while reducing the movement amount of the driving cathode main body 1.1 component, ensuring that after the cathode main body 1.1 moves, it can maintain a distance with the anode plate 6.6 with a higher electrolysis efficiency.

[0123] Specifically, the stirring shaft 12.3 is arranged vertically, and a stirring plate 12.5 is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft 12.3. The stirring plate 12.5 is arranged radially so that the stirring plate 12.5 extends between the electrolytic cell 6.1 and the anode plate 6.6, and the stirring shaft 12.3 and the stirring frame 12.2 are arranged to reciprocate between the electrolytic cell 6.1 and the anode plate 6.6. The cathode body 1.1 is placed between the stirring shaft 12.3, and the stirring plate 12.5 is driven by the rotation of the stirring shaft 12.3, thereby stirring the dead corner between the electrolytic cell 6.1 and the anode plate 6.6.

[0124] Among them, as a further implementation of the linkage component 12.4, the linkage structure includes a sun gear 3.3 and a plurality of planetary gears 3.3, the sun gear 3.3 is fixedly connected to the stirring mounting block 11.2, a plurality of planetary gears 3.3 are arranged around the sun gear 3.3, and a plurality of planetary gears 3.3 are arranged on the stirring frame 12.2 and are rotatably connected to the stirring shaft 12.3, and the planetary gears 3.3 are meshed with the sun gear 3.3.

[0125] Optionally, the stirring actuating unit 12.1 is a stirring actuating cylinder, one end of which is hinged on the rotating frame, and the other end is rotatably set on the stirring mounting block 11.2. The stirring frame 12.2 is driven to swing at an angle through the telescopic action of the stirring actuating cylinder. At this time, the planetary gear 12.7 rotates under the meshing action of the sun gear 12.6 to realize the self-rotation of the stirring shaft 12.3, and the number of teeth between the sun gear 12.6 and the planetary gear 12.7 is controlled, so that the small-angle swing action of the stirring frame 12.2 drives the planetary gear 12.7 and the stirring shaft 12.3 to rotate at a large angle.

[0126] As a connection method for the stirring shaft 12.3 and the planetary gear 3.3, an upper retaining frame 12.8 is provided on the top of the stirring frame 12.2, and a lower retaining frame 12.9 is provided at the end of the stirring shaft 12.3, the lower retaining frame 12.9 is connected to the stirring shaft 12.3, the upper retaining frame 12.8 is connected to the planetary gear 3.3, and a rocker arm 12.10 is provided between the upper retaining frame 12.8 and the lower retaining frame 12.9, and the rocker arm 12.10 is connected to the upper retaining frame 12.8 and the lower retaining frame 12.9 through a universal joint 12.11.

[0127] By improving the stirring assembly 12 as described above, the uniformity of electrolysis is ensured, so that the positioning assembly can be adjusted to a more reasonable position when driving the cathode body 1.1 assembly to move.

[0128] As a further embodiment of the collecting device 6.2, the collecting device 6.2 comprises a molybdenum pot 6.21, the stirring assembly 12 and the cathode body 1.1 are suspended above the molybdenum pot 6.21, and at least one heat insulation layer and a cooling layer are provided on the outer side of the electrolytic furnace 6.

[0129] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting a cathode automatic adjustment device of a rare earth electrolytic furnace 6, comprising the following steps:

[0130] S1, calibrating the guide wheel set 4, aligning the reference surface of the guide wheel set 4 with the guide member 5, and adjusting the guide contact surface of the guide wheel set 4 located on the other side of the reference surface and the guide member 5;

[0131] S2, the power assembly 3 drives the moving frame 1.2 to move, and the deflection assembly 10 adjusts the horizontal position of the moving assembly until the moving frame 1.2 and the cathode body 1.1 assembly thereon are located at zero position;

[0132] S3, adjusting the height of the cathode body 1.1 assembly and the stirring assembly 12 to above the electrolytic furnace 6, and the stirring assembly 12 is located above the cathode body 1.1 assembly, and adjusting the position of the electrolytic furnace 6 so that the center of the electrolytic cell 6.1 and the collecting device 6.2 is aligned with the center of the cathode body 1.1 assembly and the stirring assembly 12;

[0133] S4, the cathode body 1.1 assembly and the stirring assembly 12 descend until the stirring assembly 12 surrounds the outer periphery of the cathode body 1.1 and enters the electrolytic cell 6.1, and power is turned on to start electrolysis;

[0134] S5, the positioning assembly drives the moving frame 1.2 and the cathode body 1.1 assembly to move forward and backward, at which time the guide wheel group 4 constrains the vertical and lateral positions of the moving frame 1.2, as well as the moving trajectory of the moving frame 1.2, and the yaw assembly 10 adjusts the water level position of the cathode body 1.1 assembly, thereby controlling the distance between the cathode body 1.1 and the anode sheet 6.6, wherein the yaw actuating unit 10.2 drives the yaw angle of the adjustment frame 8 through telescopic action.

[0135] In step S2, the center alignment of the cathode body 1.1 and the stirring assembly 12 is adjusted simultaneously;

[0136] In step S4 , cooling water is introduced into the outer side and upper side of the electrolytic furnace 6 to ensure the temperature of the electrolytic furnace 6 .

[0137] In step S4, the stirring frame 12.2 in the stirring assembly 12 drives the stirring shaft 12.3 to rotate circumferentially, and at the same time, the stirring shaft 12.3 starts to rotate, and the stirring plate 12.5 at the bottom of the stirring shaft 12.3 rotates between the anode plate 6.6 and the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6.1.

[0138] It also includes step S6, replacing the cathode body 1.1, first the cathode lifting assembly 9 and the stirring lifting assembly 11 are actuated to move the stirring assembly 12 and the cathode assembly 1 away from the electrolytic furnace 6 in the vertical direction, then the support 7 rotates and drives the adjustment frame 8 away from the electrolytic furnace 6, then the moving assembly is actuated, and the cathode body 1.1 moves in the front-to-back direction, so that the cathode body 1.1 leaves the space defined by the stirring assembly 12, then the cathode body 1.1 is removed and replaced, and steps S1 to S5 are performed.

[0139] In step S1 , the axial position and radial position of the movable guide portion 4.12 relative to the guide body 4.11 are adjusted by loosening and tightening the locking piece on the peripheral side of the locking nut 4.4, so that the movable guide portion 4.12 is close to the guide member 5.

[0140] Between step S1 and S6, or after step S6, there is also a step X, replacing the anode sheet, preferably moving the cathode lifting assembly and the stirring lifting assembly away from the electrolytic cell in the vertical direction, and the support rotates and drives the adjustment frame, and the stirring assembly and the cathode assembly thereon away from the electrolytic cell. At this time, the anode sheet replacement operation is performed, and after the replacement operation is completed, the distance between the anode sheet and the center position of the electrolytic cell is measured, and at least 2 measurement points are taken for each anode sheet, preferably at both ends of the anode sheet, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the measured distance are removed and the average value is taken. After the average pole distance is calculated, the electrolysis center position of the tungsten rod is determined, and then the positioning assembly and the deflection assembly are actuated. After adjusting the horizontal position of the tungsten rod, the cathode lifting assembly and the stirring lifting assembly descend until the tungsten rod enters the electrolytic cell and the electrolysis work starts again.

[0141] In other embodiments, step X may also be performed while the tungsten rod is in the electrolytic cell, thereby simplifying the operation steps and making the distance between the anode plate and the tungsten rod more accurately measured, which is beneficial to increasing production efficiency.

[0142] That is, after the replacement operation is completed, the distance between the anode plate and the surface of the tungsten rod is measured. At least two measuring points are taken for each anode plate, preferably at the two ends of the anode plate, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the measured distance are removed and the average value is taken. After the average pole distance is calculated, the electrolysis center position of the tungsten rod is determined, and then the positioning assembly and the deflection assembly are activated to adjust the horizontal position of the tungsten rod, and then the electrolysis work is started again.

[0143] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. Automatic cathode adjustment device for rare earth electrolytic furnace, Features: A cathode assembly (1) comprises a cathode main body (1.1) and a moving frame (1.2) connected to the cathode main body (1.1); A moving assembly comprises a moving frame (2) for accommodating a moving frame (1.2) therein for forward and backward movement, a power assembly (3) transmission-connected between the moving frame (1.2) and the moving frame (2), and a guide wheel assembly (4) provided between the moving frame (2) and the moving frame (1.2); the moving frame (1.2) is provided with a guide member (5) for abutting against the guide wheel assembly (4); the guide wheel assembly (4) is supported by the guide member (5) in the vertical and lateral directions, and constrains the movable clearance of the moving frame (1.2) in the forward and backward directions; An electrolytic furnace (6) comprises an electrolytic cell (6.1), an anode plate (6.6) arranged on the inner wall of the electrolytic cell (6.1) and a collecting device (6.2) arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (6.1), wherein the cathode body (1.1) is placed in the electrolytic cell (6.1); A frame assembly comprises a support (7) and an adjustment frame (8) rotatably arranged on the support (7); a cathode lifting assembly (9) is arranged between the adjustment frame (8) and the movement assembly; a deflection assembly (10) arranged in a horizontal direction is arranged between the adjustment frame (8) and the support (7); the cathode lifting assembly (9) and the deflection assembly (10) actuate the cathode body (1.1) to adjust the movement in the electrolytic cell (6.1); The deflection assembly (10) comprises a transmission seat (10.1) rotatably arranged on a support (7), a deflection actuating unit (10.2) arranged in the transmission seat (10.1), a linkage rod (8.1) extending from the adjustment frame (8), the deflection actuating unit (10.2) being hinged to the linkage rod (8.1), and a travel switch (10.3) being arranged on the movement track of the deflection actuating unit (10.2).

2. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, Features: The cathode lifting assembly (9) comprises a cathode transmission rod (9.1) arranged vertically, and a cathode mounting block (9.2) transmission-connected to the cathode transmission rod (9.1), and the positioning frame (2) is arranged on the cathode mounting block (9.2); The adjusting frame (8) is provided with a stirring lifting assembly (11), the stirring lifting assembly (11) comprising a stirring transmission rod (11.1) and a stirring mounting block (11.2), the stirring mounting block (11.2) being connected to a stirring assembly (12); It also includes an intermediate guide rod (13) arranged between the cathode drive rod (9.1) and the stirring drive rod (11.1), the stirring mounting block (11.2) and the cathode mounting block (9.2) are both sleeved on the intermediate guide rod (13), and the cathode mounting block (9.2) is supported on the lower part of the foot plate mounting block.

3. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 2, Features: A manual transmission assembly (14) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the cathode transmission rod (9.1), and the manual transmission assembly (14) comprises a manual rocker (14.1) and a bevel gear (14.2) which is transmission-arranged between the connecting rod and the manual rocker (14.1).

4. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, Features: The moving frame (1.2) is limited to move within the moving frame (2), and the guide wheel group (4) includes a wheel unit (4.1) arranged near the moving limit position of the moving frame (1.2); The guide member (5) comprises a guide plane (5.1) and guide slopes (5.2) arranged on both sides of the guide plane (5.1); the wheel unit (4.1) is attached to the guide plane (5.1) and the guide slopes (5.2); and a plurality of the wheel units (4.1) define a movement space of the moving frame (1.2) in the up-down direction and in the lateral direction.

5. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 1, Features: The guide wheel assembly (4) comprises a wheel unit (4.1), the wheel unit (4.1) comprises a guide body (4.11) and a movable guide part (4.12), the guide body (4.11) is provided with a reference guide surface, the reference guide surface is in contact with the guide member (5) at least in the up-down direction and in the lateral direction, the movable guide part (4.12) is movably arranged on the guide body (4.11), and an adjusting member is provided at the rear of the movable guide part (4.12), and the adjusting member is used to adjust the movable gap between the movable guide part (4.12) and the guide member (5) at least in the lateral direction.

6. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 2, Features: The stirring assembly (12) comprises a stirring actuating unit (12.1) arranged on a stirring mounting seat, a stirring frame (12.2) driven to rotate by the stirring actuating unit (12.1), and a stirring shaft (12.3) arranged on the stirring frame (12.2); a linkage assembly (12.4) is arranged between the stirring frame (12.2) and the stirring shaft (12.3); when the stirring frame (12.2) rotates, the stirring shaft (12.3) is driven to revolve, and the stirring shaft (12.3) rotates synchronously via the linkage assembly (12.4).

7. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 6, Features: A stirring sheet (12.5) is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft (12.3), and the stirring sheet (12.5) extends between the electrolytic cell (6.1) and the anode sheet (6.6). The stirring shaft (12.3) and the stirring frame (12.2) are configured to swing back and forth between the electrolytic cell (6.1) and the anode sheet (6.6), and the cathode rod is placed between the stirring shaft (12.3).

8. The cathode automatic adjustment device for a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to claim 2, Features: The collecting device (6.2) comprises a molybdenum pot (6.21), the stirring assembly (12) and the cathode rod are suspended above the molybdenum pot (6.21), and at least one heat insulation layer and a cooling layer are provided on the outer side of the electrolytic furnace (6).

9. A method for adjusting the cathode automatic adjustment device of a rare earth electrolytic furnace according to any one of claims 2 to 8, Features: S1, calibrating the guide wheel group (4), aligning the reference surface of the guide wheel group (4) with the guide member (5), and adjusting the guide contact surface of the guide wheel group (4) located on the other side of the reference surface and the guide member (5); S2, the power assembly (3) drives the moving frame (1.2) to move, and the deflection assembly (10) adjusts the water level position of the moving assembly until the moving frame (1.2) and the cathode assembly (1) thereon are located at zero position; S3, adjusting the height of the cathode assembly (1) and the stirring assembly (12) to above the electrolytic furnace (6), with the stirring assembly (12) being located above the cathode assembly (1), and adjusting the position of the electrolytic furnace (6) so that the centers of the electrolytic cell (6.1) and the collecting device (6.2) are aligned with the centers of the cathode assembly (1) and the stirring assembly (12); S4, the cathode assembly (1) and the stirring assembly (12) are lowered until the stirring assembly (12) is surrounded by the outer periphery of the cathode rod, and power is turned on to start electrolysis; S5, the moving assembly drives the moving frame (1.2) and the cathode assembly (1) to move forward and backward, and the deflection assembly (10) adjusts the water level position of the cathode assembly (1), thereby controlling the distance between the cathode rod and the anode sheet (6.6).

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