A method, device, medium and product for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device, medium and product for detecting cracks on masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads, and relates to the field of internal detection of masonry structures. The method comprises: discretizing the monitoring facade using the triangle method, constructing a masonry structure wall sample, and setting the smart bricks on the masonry wall sample at the interpolation points determined according to the discretization results; applying coupling loads to the masonry wall sample respectively, and recording the resistance change rate of each smart sensor under the corresponding coupling load conditions; the resistance change rate is used to characterize the crack development at each interpolation point; based on the resistance change rate combined with the interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry wall sample is estimated to achieve detection and positioning of crack development at any position on the masonry wall sample. The present invention can quickly evaluate the health status of the masonry structure and identify early or developing damage; and can detect cracks at locations where sensors are not placed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent detection technology inside a masonry structure, and in particular to a method, device, medium and product suitable for detecting cracks on a masonry wall under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads. Background Art

[0002] Masonry structures are often prone to structural pathologies, mainly due to differential foundation settlement, excessive deadweight, material aging and natural disasters such as earthquake events. In these cases, insufficient maintenance and protection can lead to premature brittle collapse of masonry structures, which is not conducive to human life safety and cultural heritage protection. During earthquakes, longitudinal waves play an important role, but the impact of shear waves on lateral structures is often more significant. The amplitude and frequency of shear waves can cause lateral sway and torsion of buildings or bridge structures, which has a serious impact on their stability and structural integrity. Lateral vibrations may cause the entire building to tilt or sway, increasing its risk of collapse. Therefore, it is also important to detect cracks in masonry caused by lateral forces.

[0003] At present, a variety of sensing technologies are applied to the study of self-excited vibration of masonry structures. Among them, most of them are focused on monitoring based on environmental vibration, which mainly estimates the modal characteristics of the structure through a limited number of sensors. This method is effective in evaluating the overall state of the structure, but for masonry structures that have undergone local changes (such as cracks), the degree of damage is not enough to affect the global dynamic behavior of the structure, and it cannot be observed from the outside. By the time the change can be observed from the outside, it is too late. In this case, the above method may fail. In addition, existing sensing equipment is expensive, and its physical and mechanical properties are completely different from those of the monitored building. Moreover, the sensor must be connected from the outside, and exposure to the atmosphere will cause degradation of the adhesive or the sensor itself. Moreover, the sensor requires frequent maintenance and inspection during its service life, which is costly.

[0004] Therefore, it is imperative to quickly assess the health of masonry structures and identify early or developing damage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, medium and product suitable for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads, which can quickly evaluate the health status of masonry structures and identify early or developing damage.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads, the method comprising:

[0008] The Delaunay triangle method is used to discretize the wall monitoring facade to obtain the discretization result; the wall monitoring facade includes door and window openings and column bases;

[0009] Constructing a masonry structure wall sample; the masonry structure wall sample comprises ordinary bricks and smart bricks; the smart bricks are ordinary bricks provided with smart sensors; the smart bricks are provided at interpolation points on the masonry structure wall sample; the interpolation points are determined according to the discretization results;

[0010] Applying a coupling load to the masonry structure wall sample, and recording the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the corresponding coupling load condition; the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors is used to characterize the crack development at each of the interpolation points; the coupling load includes a vertical load and a lateral horizontal load, and the vertical load is a vertical eccentric load or a vertical concentrated load;

[0011] Based on the resistance change rate of each of the intelligent sensors and combined with the Kriging interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry structure wall sample is estimated to detect the development of cracks at any position on the masonry structure wall sample and locate the cracks.

[0012] Optionally, based on the resistance change rate of each of the intelligent sensors, combined with a Kriging interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry structure wall sample is estimated, specifically including:

[0013] Determining an observation vector including electrical output results of all the smart sensors according to the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors;

[0014] According to the location of each smart sensor, a design site set including the locations of all smart sensors is determined;

[0015] Constructing a Kriging interpolation model according to the observation vector and the design site set;

[0016] The resistance change rate of each intelligent sensor is mapped to the entire masonry structure wall sample through the Kriging interpolation model to obtain an estimation model; the estimation model is used to estimate the resistance change rate at any position on the entire masonry structure wall sample.

[0017] Optionally, the estimation model is expressed as:

[0018]

[0019] Where x represents the position of any point on the masonry structure wall specimen; represents the estimated value of the resistivity change rate; f(x) represents the given function; T represents the transpose of the matrix; β represents the regression parameter, r(x) represents the correlation vector between the design site and the position x of any point; R represents the positive definite matrix; Y represents the observation vector.

[0020] Optionally, after constructing the Kriging interpolation model according to the observation vector and the design site set, the method further includes:

[0021] A local deviation is introduced, and any sampling point is interpolated based on the Kriging interpolation model to obtain a correction equation; the correction equation is used to correct the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors.

[0022] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0023] Calculating the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors to obtain a resistance change rate calculation value;

[0024] The resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the recorded corresponding coupling load conditions is verified according to the resistance change rate calculation value.

[0025] Optionally, when a transverse horizontal load and a vertical eccentric load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0026]

[0027] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 12 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the transverse horizontal load and vertical eccentric load are applied; F1 is the transverse horizontal load applied on the masonry wall specimen; F2 is the vertical eccentric load applied on the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; I is the moment of inertia of the cross section of the masonry wall specimen; b is the width of a single smart brick; n represents the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

[0028] Optionally, when a transverse horizontal load and a vertical concentrated load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0029]

[0030] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 13 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the lateral horizontal load and vertical concentrated load are applied; F1 is the lateral horizontal load applied on the masonry wall specimen; F3 is the vertical concentrated load applied on the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; b is the width of a single smart brick; n is the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a computer device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-mentioned method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads.

[0032] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads.

[0033] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads.

[0034] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] The present invention provides a method, device, medium and product for detecting cracks on masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads. The present invention constructs a masonry wall sample by using smart bricks equipped with smart sensors; applies a coupling load to the masonry wall sample, and records the resistance change rate of each smart sensor under the corresponding coupling load condition; estimates the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry wall sample based on the resistance change rate of each smart sensor, combined with the Kriging interpolation model, to achieve detection of crack development at any position on the masonry wall sample and crack location. The present invention can detect the existence of damage at an early stage of damage, intervene and repair in time; the present invention increases the research in the field of lateral loads and is more suitable for real life scenarios; the present invention adopts a spatial technology interpolation method, and can also perform early detection and location of damage at locations where smart sensors are not placed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a masonry wall crack detection method under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the placement of a single intelligent sensor of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the piezoresistive intelligent sensor of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a working circuit diagram of the intelligent sensor of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical eccentric load action of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transverse horizontal load of the present invention

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coupling effect of vertical eccentric load and transverse horizontal load of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device.

[0045] Explanation of symbols:

[0046] Stainless steel mesh electrode—1, smart sensor—2, ordinary brick—3, masonry wall specimen—4, vertical eccentric load—5, vertical vertical crack—6, transverse horizontal load—7, oblique shear crack—8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, medium and product suitable for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads, which can quickly evaluate the health status of masonry structures and identify early or developing damage.

[0049] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] By adding appropriate conductive nano- or micro-fillers to the clay brick matrix, the electrical and piezoresistive properties of smart bricks are improved, obtaining a composite material with higher piezoresistive properties than ordinary clay bricks, maintaining similar physical and mechanical properties. Smart bricks can be used to reveal the strain changes that occur over time relative to an undamaged structure or reference conditions, identifying areas of the monitored building with large strain concentrations or relaxation characteristics. Real-time processing of the electrical output of smart bricks can detect and locate damage, even at an early stage, playing an important role in predicting premature brittle collapse mechanisms.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Use the Delaunay triangulation method to discretize the wall monitoring facade and obtain the discretization result; the wall monitoring facade includes door and window openings and column bases; among them, door and window openings and column bases are structural weak locations, and other locations can also be selected without limitation. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The three larger blank boxes are the door and window openings and column bases.

[0054] S2: construct a masonry structure wall sample 4; the masonry structure wall sample 4 includes ordinary bricks 3 and smart bricks; the smart bricks are ordinary bricks equipped with smart sensors 2; the smart bricks are arranged on interpolation points on the masonry structure wall sample 4; the interpolation points are determined according to the discretization results. The Delaunay triangulation method is used to evenly distribute the interpolation points on the monitored facade surface. The bottom of the masonry wall sample 4 is reinforced by steel bars.

[0055] Among them, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 When preparing smart bricks, the content of extracts with better conductive properties is identified through an electron microscope, and 0.25% (total mass) of industrial waste extract - conductive carbon black (CCB) is mixed with fresh clay to obtain uniformly doped clay, which is placed in a mold, and two stainless steel mesh electrodes 1 are symmetrically embedded along the central axis of the smart sensor, and the smart sensor 2 is fired, and an insulating layer is covered on the surface of the smart sensor 2. At this time, the smart sensor 2 has a relatively similar elastic modulus and compressive strength to traditional clay bricks. Finally, the smart sensor 2 is placed in an ordinary brick 3 to obtain a smart brick.

[0056] Furthermore, assuming that the smart brick is a volume strain sensor, when no load is applied, the calculation formula for the relative change in the internal resistance of the smart sensor 2, i.e., the resistance change rate, is:

[0057]

[0058] Where ΔR is the resistance change of smart sensor 2; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient, which is equal to the longitudinal and transverse piezoresistance ratio (λ = λ 11 =λ 12 ); ν is the volume strain; ρ is the resistivity of the smart brick; Δρ is the change in resistivity. Figure 4 In the circuit, the initial resistance R0 of the smart sensor can be obtained by the voltmeter and ammeter when there is no load; after the load is applied, the resistance change ΔR of the smart sensor 2 can be obtained by the current voltage and ammeter readings to obtain the current resistance value, combined with the initial resistance R0 of the smart sensor.

[0059] S3: applying a coupling load to the masonry structure wall sample 4, and recording the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the corresponding coupling load condition; the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors is used to characterize the crack development at each of the interpolation points; the coupling load includes a vertical load and a lateral horizontal load 7, and the vertical load is a vertical eccentric load 5 or a vertical concentrated load; specifically comprising the following steps:

[0060] S31: Apply a vertical eccentric load 5 to the masonry wall sample 4. As the applied load value increases, a vertical crack 6 is generated, and the crack width increases accordingly. Record the resistance change rate of the smart sensor 2, and observe the generation and development of the crack at the location of the smart sensor 2 (at the interpolation point), see Figure 5 .

[0061] S32: A vertical concentrated load is applied to the center of the masonry wall sample 4. As the applied load value increases, a vertical crack is generated, and the resistance change rate of the intelligent sensor 2 is recorded.

[0062] S33: Apply a transverse horizontal load 7 to the masonry wall sample 4 to generate an oblique shear crack 8, and record the resistance change rate of the smart sensor 2, see Figure 6 .

[0063] S4: Based on the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors, combined with the Kriging interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry structure wall sample 4 is estimated to detect the crack development and locate the crack at any position on the masonry structure wall sample 4. When constructing the Kriging interpolation model, the Gaussian function and the second-order polynomial regression function are considered, and a spatial technology interpolation method, Kriging Interpolation, is used to monitor and identify the relative change of the internal resistance of the smart sensor 2, and draw the abnormal strain concentration / release and abnormal damage of the entire monitored facade.

[0064] Furthermore, step S4 specifically includes:

[0065] S41: According to the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors 2, an observation vector including the electrical output results of all the smart sensors 2 is determined. Specifically, the observation vector Y is constructed according to the electrical output results (resistance change rate) of N smart bricks in the masonry sample:

[0066] Y=[y1,...y N ] T (2)

[0067] S42: According to the location of each smart sensor 2, determine a design site set including the locations of all smart sensors 2. Define the design site for the location of the smart sensor 2 in the masonry structure, and obtain the design site set X:

[0068] X=[x1,...x N ],(x i ∈R 3 ,i=1,...,N) (3)

[0069] S43: constructing a Kriging interpolation model according to the observation vector and the design site set, that is, constructing a Kriging interpolator according to the observation vector Y and the design site X.

[0070] Furthermore, after step S43, the method further includes:

[0071] A local deviation is introduced, and any sampling point is interpolated based on the Kriging interpolation model to obtain a correction equation; the correction equation is used to correct the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors 2. The expression of the correction equation is:

[0072] y(x)=y r (x)+F(x) (4)

[0073] Where y(x) is the resistance change rate correction value of the smart sensor; y r(x) is a custom regression model, which is a global approximation of the design space. It depends on p regression parameters β and a given function f(x), where y r (β,x)=f T (x)β,β=[β1,...,β p ] is the regression parameter, f(x)=[f1(x),...f p (x)] is a given function, and f i is the result of linear transformation from three dimensions to one dimension, T represents matrix transpose, p is the number of regression parameters; F(x) is a random function with a mean of zero.

[0074] The expression of the introduced local deviation is:

[0075] Cov[F(x i )F(x j )]=σ 2 R[r(θ,x i ,x j )] (5)

[0076] Among them, σ 2 represents the variance of F(x), r(θ,x i ,x j ) is x i and x j Given a spatial correlation function between, it depends on the θ correlation parameter; R is an N×N positive definite matrix, R ij =(θ,x i ,x j ).

[0077] S44: Mapping the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors 2 to the entire masonry structure wall sample 4 through the Kriging interpolation model to obtain an estimation model; the estimation model is used to estimate the resistance change rate at any position on the entire masonry structure wall sample 4.

[0078] Specifically, the expression of the estimation model is:

[0079]

[0080] Where x represents the position of any point on the masonry structure wall specimen; represents the estimated value of the resistivity change rate; f(x) represents the given function; T represents the transpose of the matrix; β * represents the adjoint matrix of the regression parameters, r(x) represents the correlation vector between the design site and the position x of any point; R represents a positive definite matrix; Y represents the observation vector. r(x) T =[r(θ,x1,x),...,r(θ,x m ,x)]T .

[0081] The strain field of the entire structure is drawn by using the output of a limited number of sensors. A Kriging interpolator is constructed by using the observation vector Y and the design point X, and the Kriging interpolator is used to map ΔR / R0 on the entire monitoring facade, and an appropriate regression parameter β is selected. * and related parameters θ, that is, the abnormal strain concentration / release and abnormal damage of the entire facade can be mapped, and the damage can be detected and located in the form of abnormal strain concentration / release or load path modification.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to verify the accuracy of the resistance change rate result output by the smart sensor and to promptly correct the abnormal result when it occurs, the method further includes the following steps:

[0083] S5: Calculate the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors to obtain a resistance change rate calculation value.

[0084] The resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the recorded corresponding load conditions is verified according to the resistance change rate calculation value.

[0085] Further, in S5, when a transverse horizontal load and a vertical eccentric load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0086]

[0087] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 12 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the transverse horizontal load and vertical eccentric load are applied; F1 is the transverse horizontal load applied to the masonry wall sample; F2 is the vertical eccentric load applied to the masonry wall sample; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall sample; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall sample; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall sample; I is the moment of inertia of the cross section of the masonry wall sample, b is the width of a single smart brick; n represents the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

[0088] Further, in S5, when a transverse horizontal load and a vertical concentrated load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0089]

[0090] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 13 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the lateral horizontal load and vertical concentrated load are applied; F1 is the lateral horizontal load applied on the masonry wall specimen; F3 is the vertical concentrated load applied on the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; b is the width of a single smart brick; n is the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

[0091] Specifically, when a lateral horizontal load of 7 is applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0092]

[0093] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; ΔR1(x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when a lateral horizontal load is applied; b is the width of a single smart brick; and n represents the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

[0094] Specifically, when a vertical eccentric load 5 is applied to the masonry structure wall sample 4, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0095]

[0096] Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation point; ΔR2(x) is the change in resistance of the smart sensor at x when a vertical eccentric load is applied; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry; F is the load applied to the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; I is the moment of inertia of the cross section of the masonry wall specimen, b is the width of a single smart brick, and h is the height of a single smart brick.

[0097] Specifically, when a vertical concentrated load is applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is:

[0098]

[0099] Wherein, λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson’s ratio of the masonry wall specimen; F3 is the applied vertical load; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young’s modulus of the masonry wall specimen; ΔR3(x) is the resistance change when the vertical concentrated load is applied; and R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load.

[0100] Among them, when the applied coupling load is a lateral horizontal load and a vertical concentrated load, the resistance change rate is the superposition of the formulas for applying a lateral horizontal load alone and a vertical concentrated load alone.

[0101] The technical effects produced by the present invention are:

[0102] 1) The damage detected by sensors in the prior art can only be observed when the internal damage develops to the point where it is visible externally, delaying the best repair period. The present invention can detect the existence of damage in its early stage, so that it can be discovered and repaired in time, resulting in less loss.

[0103] 2) Most of the damage detection sensors in the prior art are based on vertical loads, while there are very few studies on lateral loads or coupling. The present invention adds research in the field of lateral loads.

[0104] 3) The present invention adopts a spatial technology interpolation method, from point to surface, and can detect and locate damage even at locations where no intelligent sensors are placed.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] A computer device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the masonry wall crack detection method applicable to the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads in embodiment 1.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads in Example 1.

[0109] Example 4

[0110] A computer program product includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads in embodiment 1.

[0111] Example 5

[0112] A computer device, which may be a database, may have an internal structure as shown in Figure 8As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store pending transactions. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the masonry wall crack detection method applicable to the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads in Example 1.

[0113] It should be noted that the object information (including but not limited to object device information, object personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present invention are all information and data authorized by the object or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.

[0114] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided by the present invention can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided by the present invention may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided by the present invention may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited thereto.

[0115] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0116] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads, characterized in that: The method comprises: The Delaunay triangle method is used to discretize the wall monitoring facade to obtain the discretization result; the wall monitoring facade includes door and window openings and column bases; Constructing a masonry structure wall sample; the masonry structure wall sample comprises ordinary bricks and smart bricks; the smart bricks are ordinary bricks provided with smart sensors; the smart bricks are provided at interpolation points on the masonry structure wall sample; the interpolation points are determined according to the discretization results; Applying a coupling load to the masonry structure wall sample, and recording the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the corresponding coupling load condition; the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors is used to characterize the crack development at each of the interpolation points; the coupling load includes a vertical load and a lateral horizontal load, and the vertical load is a vertical eccentric load or a vertical concentrated load; Based on the resistance change rate of each of the intelligent sensors, combined with the Kriging interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry structure wall sample is estimated to detect the crack development at any position on the masonry structure wall sample and locate the crack; Based on the resistance change rate of each of the intelligent sensors and combined with the Kriging interpolation model, the resistance change rate at any position on the masonry structure wall sample is estimated, specifically including: Determining an observation vector including electrical output results of all the smart sensors according to the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors; According to the location of each smart sensor, a design site set including the locations of all smart sensors is determined; Constructing a Kriging interpolation model according to the observation vector and the design site set; The resistance change rate of each intelligent sensor is mapped to the entire masonry structure wall sample through the Kriging interpolation model to obtain an estimation model; the estimation model is used to estimate the resistance change rate at any position on the entire masonry structure wall sample.

2. The method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the estimation model is: Where x represents the position of any point on the masonry structure wall specimen; represents the estimated value of the resistivity change rate; f(x) represents the given function; T represents the transpose of the matrix; β represents the regression parameter, r(x) represents the correlation vector between the design site and the position x of any point; R represents the positive definite matrix; Y represents the observation vector.

3. The method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After constructing the Kriging interpolation model according to the observation vector and the design site set, the method further includes: A local deviation is introduced, and any sampling point is interpolated based on the Kriging interpolation model to obtain a correction equation; the correction equation is used to correct the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors.

4. The method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: Calculating the resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors to obtain a resistance change rate calculation value; The resistance change rate of each of the smart sensors under the recorded corresponding coupling load conditions is verified according to the resistance change rate calculation value.

5. The method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the horizontal load and vertical eccentric load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is: Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 12 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the transverse horizontal load and vertical eccentric load are applied; F1 is the transverse horizontal load applied on the masonry wall specimen; F2 is the vertical eccentric load applied on the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; I is the moment of inertia of the cross section of the masonry wall specimen; b is the width of a single smart brick; n represents the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

6. The method for detecting cracks in masonry walls under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When the horizontal load and vertical concentrated load are applied to the masonry structure wall sample, the calculated value of the resistance change rate is The calculation formula is: Where x is the horizontal coordinate of the observation site; s is the height of a single smart sensor; λ is the piezoresistance coefficient; v is the Poisson's ratio of the masonry wall specimen; R0 is the initial resistance of the smart sensor when there is no load; ΔR 13 (x) is the resistance change of the smart sensor at x when the lateral horizontal load and vertical concentrated load are applied; F1 is the lateral horizontal load applied on the masonry wall specimen; F3 is the vertical concentrated load applied on the masonry wall specimen; e is the distance from the center of the masonry wall specimen; A is the area of ​​the masonry wall specimen; E is the Young's modulus of the masonry wall specimen; b is the width of a single smart brick; n is the distance from the neutral axis of the current smart brick to the edge of the masonry wall specimen on the other side relative to the load.

7. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the masonry wall crack detection method applicable to the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for detecting cracks in a masonry wall under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for detecting cracks in a masonry wall under the coupling of vertical and horizontal loads as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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