A segmented, centrally sealed floating side plate structure and a floating compensation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a segmented middle-sealed floating side plate structure and a floating compensation method. The side plates are installed on both sides of the driven gear shaft. Ear-shaped baffles and ear-shaped seals are installed in the grooves on the back of the side plates. The front of the side plates is divided into a sealing transition zone and a three-stage high-pressure zone. The back of the side plates is provided with a fan-shaped compensation zone. The fan-shaped compensation zone is divided into three independent compensation zones. The three independent compensation zones, the ear-shaped baffles and the ear-shaped seals together form an axial floating compensation zone, which is balanced with the three-stage high-pressure zone on the front of the side plates, and together with the rear cover body, the driving gear shaft, and the driven gear shaft, form sealed high and low pressure zones. The present invention is used to solve the problem of side plate imbalance caused by the dynamic changes in the area and pressure of the high-pressure zone of the side plates due to different speed conditions, thereby further improving the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump within the full speed range. Its allowable speed range is also expanded synchronously. At the same time, the wear of the friction pair on the front of the side plates is reduced, and the service life of the gear pump is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear pump accessories, and in particular to a segmented middle sealing floating side plate structure and a floating compensation method. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the shape of the middle sealing axial floating side plate is generally an "8"-shaped structure. The front side that cooperates with the gear end face is designed to expand the high-pressure area, and is provided with a high-pressure area oil guide groove, a high-pressure unloading groove, and a low-pressure unloading groove according to parameters. The back side of the side plate is a "3"-shaped groove structure, and a baffle and a seal are provided in the groove, which together with the shell form a closed fan-shaped sealing cavity, and its area is generally larger than the area of ​​the high-pressure area on the front side. It is used to ensure that when the gear pump is working, the side plate is pushed toward the gear end face and the side plate is kept in a balanced state, which can greatly improve the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump under rated conditions. In the actual working process of the gear pump, the area of ​​the high-pressure zone on the front side of the existing middle sealing axial floating side plate is affected by factors such as gear speed, hydraulic oil viscosity, and parts processing errors. The area and pressure distribution of the high-pressure zone change with the change of working conditions. The changing rule is that the higher the speed, the smaller the area of ​​the high-pressure zone, and the smaller the reverse separation force of the high-pressure oil on the side plate. On the contrary, the lower the speed, the greater the reverse separation force of the high-pressure oil on the side plate. The compensation area of ​​the back pressure groove on the back side is fixed. Therefore, when the working pressure of the gear pump is constant, the separation force and compensation force on the side plate will be different under different speed conditions. In order to ensure compensation balance at high speed, the compensation area at low speed is generally sacrificed. The result is that the minimum allowable speed and volumetric efficiency of the gear pump at low speed are generally lower than those of the plunger hydraulic pump.

[0003] To this end, the present application designs a segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure and a floating compensation method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a segmented middle-sealed floating side plate structure and a floating compensation method. The expanded high-pressure area on the front side of the side plate is designed as a three-stage design through a new structural design, and the back pressure groove on the back side is designed as a three-stage compensation structure through a special structural design and a combination of baffles and seals, and is connected to the three-stage high-pressure area on the front side of the side plate through an oil channel. It is used to solve the problem of side plate imbalance caused by the dynamic changes in the area and pressure of the high-pressure area of ​​the side plate due to different speed conditions, thereby further improving the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump at low speed. The allowable speed range is also expanded synchronously. On the premise that the efficiency meets the standard, the minimum speed is optimized from the existing 600 to 800 r / min to 300 r / min to 800 r / min.

[0005] A segmented middle seal floating side plate structure comprises a side plate, wherein the side plate is a segmented middle seal floating structure, which is installed on both sides of a driven gear shaft, and the side plate is an "8"-shaped structure, and an axial compensation sealing groove is provided on the back of the side plate, and an ear-shaped baffle and an ear-shaped seal matching the groove shape are installed in the groove, and the front of the side plate is divided into a sealing transition zone and a three-stage high-pressure zone, and a double "3"-shaped fan-shaped compensation zone is provided on the back of the side plate, and the fan-shaped compensation zone is divided into three independent compensation zones, and the three independent compensation zones and the ear-shaped baffles and ear-shaped seals of the same shape together form an axial floating compensation zone, which is balanced with the three-stage high-pressure zone on the front of the side plate, and together with the rear cover body, the driving gear shaft, and the driven gear shaft form sealed high and low pressure zones, and the gear pump realizes the energy change of converting low-pressure hydraulic oil into high-pressure hydraulic oil through the continuous rotation of the gear.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the high-pressure chamber side of the side plate is connected to the oil outlet chamber of the shell, and the low-pressure chamber is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the shell; a high-pressure unloading groove and a low-pressure unloading groove are opened on the front of the side plate, and a reinforcing rib is arranged in the middle of the square high-pressure unloading groove. The low-pressure unloading groove is arranged in a "T" shape, one end is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the oil pump, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the two through holes of the side plate.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the three-stage high-pressure zone includes βz, εz, and θz, wherein θz is connected to the high-pressure unloading groove through the oil guide groove and maintains pressure balance, εz is the high-pressure change zone one, which is connected to the oil guide groove through the first groove when the gear rotates, and βz is the high-pressure change zone two, which is connected to the high-pressure change zone one through the second groove when the gear rotates.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the fan-shaped compensation area is symmetrically arranged with a first step, a second step, and a third step, and the height of the three steps is 0-0.1mm lower than the back of the side panel. A first groove is provided between the first step and the second step, and a second groove is provided between the second step and the third step. Grooves are provided around the three steps, including an outer groove provided on the outer circle and an inner groove provided on the inner circle. The grooves are used to assemble ear-shaped baffles and ear-shaped seals of the same shape, and the fan-shaped compensation area is divided into three independent compensation areas, namely compensation area I, compensation area II, and compensation area III.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, a low platform is provided on the first step, and a middle low platform is provided in the middle position of the side panel to increase the sealing width of the sealing ring; the compensation area I is connected with the second groove on the front side of the side panel through the first through hole to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel; the compensation area II is connected with the first groove on the front side of the side panel through the second through hole to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel; the compensation area III is connected with the middle low platform, and then connected with the high-pressure unloading groove on the front side of the side panel through the third through hole to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the ear-shaped baffle is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, symmetrically divided into three areas βe, εe, and θe, and symmetrically distributed first ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot holes, second ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot holes, and third ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot holes are provided in the three areas; a first isolation rib is provided between the first ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole and the second ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole; a second isolation rib is provided between the second ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole and the third ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole, and a number of frustums are provided around the third ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole to ensure assembly processability; the material used for the ear-shaped baffle is various types of polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon or plastic.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the ear-shaped seal is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, which is symmetrically divided into three areas βm, εm, and θm, and symmetrically distributed first ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot holes, second ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot holes, and third ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot holes are provided in the three areas; the first ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot hole and the second ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot hole are provided with a first special-shaped groove, a second special-shaped groove, a third special-shaped groove, a fourth special-shaped groove, and a fifth special-shaped groove are distributed around the first ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot hole and the second ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot hole facing the side plate, and the depth is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the ear-shaped seal; a number of ear-shaped seal cones are provided around the third ear-shaped seal special-shaped slot hole to ensure assembly processability; the ear-shaped seal material is rubber or rubber-like.

[0012] Based on the above-mentioned segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure, the specific floating compensation method is:

[0013] a. When the oil pump is running at high speed, εz and βz will become the sealing transition zone together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of εz and βz regions on the side plate will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of θz region. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of compensation area I is connected to the second groove on the front of the side plate through the first through hole, which is consistent with the pressure of the βz area on the front of the side plate. The compensation area II is connected to the first groove on the front of the side plate through the second through hole, which is consistent with the pressure of the εz area on the front of the side plate. The compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove on the front of the side plate through the third through hole, which is consistent with the pressure of the θz area on the front of the side plate, that is: Pθz= PIII, Pεz=Pβz= PI= PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate always in a balanced state;

[0014] b. When the oil pump is running at medium speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove through the first groove when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that in the θz area; βz will become a sealing transition area together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of the βz area on the side plate will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure in the θz area. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of compensation area I is connected to the second groove on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole, which is consistent with the pressure in the βz area on the front side of the side plate; compensation area II is connected to the first groove on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole, which is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front side of the side plate; compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole, which is consistent with the pressure in the θz area on the front side of the side plate, that is: Pθz=Pεz=PII=PIII, Pβz=PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate always in a balanced state;

[0015] c. When the oil pump is operating at a low speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove through the first groove when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that in the θz area; βz is connected to εz through the second groove when the gear rotates. Under this condition, only the αz area seals the transition area, and the separation pressure acting on the side plate will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure in the θz area. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of compensation area I is connected to the second groove on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole, and is consistent with the pressure in the βz area on the front side of the side plate; compensation area II is connected to the first groove on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole, and is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front side of the side plate; compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole, and is consistent with the pressure in the θz area on the front side of the side plate, that is: Pθz=Pβz=Pεz=PI=PII=PIII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate always in a balanced state.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] By using the side plate of the present invention, the low-speed efficiency of the gear pump is high, and the volumetric efficiency changes little with the speed; the gear pump can achieve a lower speed; the forces on both sides of the side plate are more balanced, and the compensation difference is small; the wear of the friction pair on the front side of the side plate is reduced, and the service life of the gear pump is increased; the pressure in the compensation area of ​​the side plate and the pressure in the high-pressure area on the front side of the side plate can achieve dynamic balance, and have segmented adaptability as the working conditions change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the existing side panel;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the existing side panel;

[0020] Figure 3A cross-sectional view of a gear pump to which the present invention is applied;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the side panel of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the side panel of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ear-shaped baffle of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ear-shaped seal of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure,

[0026] 1. Driving gear shaft, 2. Front cover, 3. Bearing, 4. Ear-shaped baffle, 5. Ear-shaped seal, 6. Side plate, 7. Driven gear shaft, 8. Rear cover, 1-1. First step, 1-2. First groove, 1-3. Second step, 1-4. Second through hole, 1-5. Second groove, 1-6. Outer groove, 1-7. Third step, 1-8. Inner groove, 1-9. First through hole, 1-10. Groove, 1-11. Third through hole, 1-12. Middle and low platform, 1-13. Oil guide groove, 1-14. First groove, 1-15. Second groove, 1-16. High-pressure unloading groove, 1-1 7. Reinforcement ribs, 1-18. Low-pressure unloading groove, 2-1. First ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole, 2-2. First isolation rib, 2-3. Second ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole, 2-4. Second isolation rib, 2-5. Cone, 2-6. Third ear-shaped baffle special-shaped slot hole, 3-1. First ear-shaped sealing special-shaped slot hole, 3-2. Second ear-shaped sealing special-shaped slot hole, 3-3. Third ear-shaped sealing special-shaped slot hole, 3-4. Ear-shaped sealing cone, 3-5. First special-shaped sink groove, 3-6. Second special-shaped sink groove, 3-7. Third special-shaped sink groove, 3-8. Fourth special-shaped sink groove, 3-9. Fifth special-shaped sink groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3-Figure 7 is a specific embodiment of the present invention, which is a segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure, such as Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 As shown, the side plate 6 used is a segmented middle sealing floating structure, the outer shape of the side plate is an "8"-shaped structure, and a sealing groove for axial compensation is distributed on the back of the side plate. The groove is equipped with an ear-shaped baffle 4 and an ear-shaped seal 5 that match the shape of the groove. The front of the side plate 6 is divided into a sealing transition zone and a three-stage high-pressure zone. The back of the side plate 6 is provided with a double "3"-shaped fan-shaped compensation zone, and the fan-shaped compensation zone is divided into three independent compensation zones. The three independent compensation zones and the ear-shaped baffle 4 and the ear-shaped seal 5 of the same shape together form an axial floating compensation zone, which is balanced with the three-stage high-pressure zone on the front of the side plate 6, and together with the rear cover body 8, the driving gear shaft 1, and the driven gear shaft 7 form sealed high and low pressure zones. Through the continuous rotation of the gears, the gear pump realizes the energy change of converting the low-pressure hydraulic oil into high-pressure hydraulic oil.

[0030] The high-pressure chamber side of the side plate 6 is connected to the oil outlet chamber of the housing, and the low-pressure chamber is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the housing; the side plate 6 is provided with a high-pressure relief groove 1-16 and a low-pressure relief groove 1-18 on the front side, and a reinforcing rib 1-17 is provided in the middle of the square high-pressure relief groove 1-16. The low-pressure relief groove 1-18 is arranged in a "T" shape, one end of which is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the oil pump, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the two through holes of the side plate 6. The three-stage high-pressure zone includes βz, εz, and θz, wherein θz is connected to the high-pressure relief groove 1-16 through the oil guide groove 1-13 and maintains pressure balance, εz is the high-pressure change zone 1, which is connected to the oil guide groove 1-13 through the first groove 1-14 when the gear rotates, and βz is the high-pressure change zone 2, which is connected to the high-pressure change zone 1 εz through the second groove 1-15 when the gear rotates.

[0031] A first step 1-1, a second step 1-3, and a third step 1-7 are symmetrically arranged in the sector-shaped compensation area. The heights of the three steps are 0-0.1 mm lower than the back of the side plate 6. A first groove 1-2 is provided between the first step 1-1 and the second step 1-3, and a second groove 1-5 is provided between the second step 1-3 and the third step 1-7. Grooves 1-10 are provided around the three steps, including an outer groove 1-6 provided on the outer circle and an inner groove 1-8 provided on the inner circle. The grooves are used to assemble ear-shaped baffles 4 and ear-shaped seals 5 of the same shape, and the sector-shaped compensation area is divided into three independent compensation areas, namely compensation area I, compensation area II, and compensation area III.

[0032] A low platform is provided on the first step 1-1, and a middle low platform 1-12 is provided in the middle position of the side panel 6 to increase the sealing width of the sealing ring; the compensation area I is connected with the second groove 1-15 on the front side of the side panel through the first through hole 1-9 to keep the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel 6; the compensation area II is connected with the first groove 1-14 on the front side of the side panel through the second through hole 1-4 to keep the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel 6; the compensation area III is connected with the middle low platform 1-12, and then connected with the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 on the front side of the side panel through the third through hole 1-11 to keep the pressure balance on both sides of the side panel 6.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the ear-shaped baffle 4 is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, which is symmetrically divided into three areas βe, εe, and θe. The three areas are provided with a first ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-1, a second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-3, and a third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-6 that are symmetrically distributed; a first isolation rib 2-2 is provided between the first ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-1 and the second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-3; a second isolation rib 2-4 is provided between the second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-3 and the third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-6, and a plurality of frustums 2-5 are provided around the third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole 2-6 to ensure assembly processability; the material used for the ear-shaped baffle 4 is various types of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or plastic.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the ear-shaped seal 5 is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, which is symmetrically divided into three areas βm, εm, and θm. A first ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-1, a second ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-2, and a third ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-3 are symmetrically distributed in the three areas; a first special-shaped sink groove 3-5, a second special-shaped sink groove 3-6, a third special-shaped sink groove 3-7, a fourth special-shaped sink groove 3-8, and a fifth special-shaped sink groove 3-9 are distributed around the first ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-1 and the second ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-2 facing the side plate, and the depth is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the ear-shaped seal 5; a plurality of ear-shaped seal cones 3-4 are arranged around the third ear-shaped seal shaped slot 3-3 to ensure assembly processability; the material of the ear-shaped seal 5 is rubber or rubber-like.

[0035] The specific floating compensation method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0036] In order to achieve floating compensation of the side plate 6 in the cavity, the fluid medium is pressed from the low-pressure oil inlet cavity into the high-pressure oil outlet cavity, and the high-pressure oil is sealed in the inner cavity of the rear cover body 8. Figure 5It can be seen that there is a double "3"-shaped fan-shaped compensation area on the reverse side of the side plate 6 facing away from the gear, and the compensation area has a symmetrically arranged first step 1-1, a second step 1-3, and a third step 1-7, whose height is 0 to 0.1 mm lower than that of the reverse side of the side plate, and a symmetrically arranged first groove 1-2, a second groove 1-5, an outer groove 1-6, and an inner groove 1-8, whose function is to assemble ear-shaped baffles 4 and ear-shaped seals 5 of the same shape, and divide the compensation area into three independent compensation areas, namely, I, II, and III areas, and a low platform is provided on the first step 11-1 on both sides, and a middle low platform 1-12 is provided in the middle position to increase the sealing width of the sealing ring; the compensation area I is connected to the second groove 1-15 on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole 1-9 to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side plate; the compensation area II is connected to the front side of the side plate through the second through hole 1-4 The first groove 1-14 on the surface is connected to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side plate; the compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform 1-12, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole 1-11 to maintain the pressure balance on both sides of the side plate; the three-stage compensation areas I, II, and III and the ear-shaped baffles 4 and ear-shaped seals 5 of the same shape together form an axial floating compensation area, which is balanced with the three-stage high-pressure area on the front side of the side plate, and together with the rear cover body, the driving gear shaft, and the driven gear shaft to form sealed high and low pressure areas. A sealing transition area αz and a three-stage high-pressure area are provided on the front side of the side plate according to their functions. The high-pressure areas are βz, εz, and θz respectively, among which θz is connected to the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 through the oil guide groove 1-13 to maintain pressure balance. According to the viscosity sealing characteristics of the hydraulic oil, this area is the normal high-pressure area of ​​the gear pump.

[0037] When the oil pump is running at high speed, εz and βz will become a sealing transition zone together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of εz and βz regions on the side plate 6 will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz region. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate 6 is as follows: the pressure of the compensation zone I is connected to the second groove 1-15 on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole 1-9, which is consistent with the pressure of the βz region on the front side of the side plate. The compensation zone II is connected to the first groove 1-14 on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole 1-4, which is consistent with the pressure of the εz region on the front side of the side plate. The compensation zone III is connected to the middle and short platform 1-12, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole 1-11, which is consistent with the pressure of the θz region on the front side of the side plate, that is: Pθz=PIII, Pεz=Pβz=PI=PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate 6 always in a balanced state;

[0038] b. When the oil pump is running at medium speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove 1-13 through the first groove 1-14 when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that of the θz area; βz will become a sealing transition area together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of the βz area on the side plate 6 will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz area. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of the compensation area I is connected to the second groove 1-15 on the front of the side plate through the first through hole 1-9. The compensation area II is connected to the first groove 1-14 on the front of the side plate through the second through hole 1-4, which is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front of the side plate. The compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform 1-12, and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 on the front of the side plate through the third through hole 1-11, which is consistent with the pressure in the θz area on the front of the side plate, that is, Pθz=Pεz=PII=PIII, Pβz=PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate 6 always in a balanced state;

[0039] c. When the oil pump is running at a low speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove 1-13 through the first groove 1-14 when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that of the θz area; βz is connected to εz through the second groove 1-15 when the gear rotates. Under this condition, only the αz area is sealed in the transition area, and the separation pressure acting on the side plate will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz area. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back side of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of the compensation area I is connected to the front side of the side plate through the first through hole 1-9. The second groove 1-15 is connected, which is consistent with the pressure in the βz area on the front side of the side panel. The compensation area II is connected with the first groove 1-14 on the front side of the side panel through the second through hole 1-4, which is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front side of the side panel. The compensation area III is connected with the middle and low platform 1-12, and then connected with the high-pressure unloading groove 1-16 on the front side of the side panel through the third through hole 1-11, which is consistent with the pressure in the θz area on the front side of the side panel, that is: Pθz=Pβz=Pεz=PI=PII=PIII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side panel 6 always in a balanced state.

[0040] The three-stage compensation area I, II, and III of the side plate 6, the ear-shaped baffle 4 and the ear-shaped seal 5 of the same shape, and the 8-shaped cavity of the housing together form an axial floating compensation area, which is balanced with the three-stage high-pressure area on the front of the side plate, and together with the rear cover body, the driving gear shaft, and the driven gear shaft, form a sealed high-pressure area and low-pressure area. Through the continuous rotation of the gears, the gear pump converts the low-pressure hydraulic oil into the energy change of high-pressure hydraulic oil. When the input power gear from the external prime mover rotates in the opposite direction to the diagram, it is only necessary to swap the positions of the driving gear shaft and the driven gear, and the front cover rotates 180° with the driving gear shaft. The detailed working conditions will not be repeated. The above-mentioned description of working conditions is for the convenience of explaining the principle of segmented compensation. Its actual operation is that the pressure of the above-mentioned three compensation zones changes adaptively with the dynamic changes of the gear rotation position and speed. Its significant advantage is that no matter how the working conditions of the gear pump change, when the pressure on the front side plate changes, the axial force balance of the side plate is always maintained to ensure that the friction pair between the side plate and the gear end face is always in the best oil film lubrication state, and the efficiency of the gear pump is always maintained at a high level.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure, comprising a side plate (6), characterized in that: The side plate (6) is a segmented middle sealing floating structure, which is installed on both sides of the driven gear shaft (7). The side plate (6) is a structure with an "8" shape. A sealing groove for axial compensation is provided on the back of the side plate (6). An ear-shaped baffle (4) and an ear-shaped seal (5) matching the shape of the groove are installed in the groove. The front of the side plate (6) is divided into a sealing transition zone and a three-stage high-pressure zone. A double "3"-shaped fan-shaped compensation zone is provided on the back of the side plate (6). The fan-shaped compensation zone is divided into three independent compensation zones. The three independent compensation zones, together with the ear-shaped baffle (4) and the ear-shaped seal (5) of the same shape, form an axial floating compensation zone, which is connected to the three-stage high-pressure zone on the front of the side plate (6). The gear pump is arranged to be balanced, and together with the rear cover body (8), the driving gear shaft (1), and the driven gear shaft (7) form sealed high and low pressure zones, and through the continuous rotation of the gears, the gear pump realizes the energy change of converting low-pressure hydraulic oil into high-pressure hydraulic oil; the three-stage high-pressure zone includes βz, εz, and θz, wherein θz is connected to the high-pressure unloading groove (1-16) through the oil guide groove (1-13) and maintains pressure balance, εz is the high-pressure change zone one, and is connected to the oil guide groove (1-13) through the first groove (1-14) when the gear is rotating, and βz is the high-pressure change zone two, and is connected to the high-pressure change zone one (εz) through the second groove (1-15) when the gear is rotating.

2. The segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-pressure chamber side of the side plate (6) is connected to the oil outlet chamber of the housing, and the low-pressure chamber is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the housing; The side plate (6) is provided with a high-pressure relief groove (1-16) and a low-pressure relief groove (1-18) on the front side, a reinforcing rib (1-17) is provided in the middle of the square high-pressure relief groove (1-16), and the low-pressure relief groove (1-18) is arranged in a "T" shape, with one end being connected to the oil inlet chamber of the oil pump and the other two ends being respectively connected to the two through holes of the side plate (6).

3. The segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first step (1-1), a second step (1-3) and a third step (1-7) are symmetrically arranged in the sector-shaped compensation area. The heights of the three steps are 0-0.1 mm lower than the back of the side plate (6). A first groove (1-2) is provided between the first step (1-1) and the second step (1-3). A second groove (1-5) is provided between the second step (1-3) and the third step (1-7). Grooves (1-10) are provided around the three steps, including an outer groove (1-6) provided on the outer ring and an inner groove (1-8) provided on the inner ring. The grooves are used to assemble ear-shaped baffles (4) and ear-shaped seals (5) of the same shape. The sector-shaped compensation area is divided into three independent compensation areas, namely compensation area I, compensation area II and compensation area III.

4. The segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A low platform is provided on the first step (1-1), and a middle low platform (1-12) is provided in the middle of the side panel (6); The compensation area I is connected to the second groove (1-15) on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole (1-9), so as to maintain pressure balance on both sides of the side plate (6); the compensation area II is connected to the first groove (1-14) on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole (1-4), so as to maintain pressure balance on both sides of the side plate (6); the compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform (1-12), and further connected to the high-pressure unloading groove (1-16) on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole (1-11), so as to maintain pressure balance on both sides of the side plate (6).

5. The segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ear-shaped baffle (4) is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, symmetrically divided into three regions βe, εe, θe, and symmetrically distributed first ear-shaped baffle shaped slot holes (2-1), second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot holes (2-3), and third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot holes (2-6) are provided in the three regions; a first isolation rib (2-2) is provided between the first ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole (2-1) and the second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole (2-3); a second isolation rib (2-4) is provided between the second ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole (2-3) and the third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole (2-6), and a plurality of frustums (2-5) are provided around the third ear-shaped baffle shaped slot hole (2-6) to ensure assembly processability; the material used for the ear-shaped baffle (4) is various types of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or similar plastics.

6. The segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ear-shaped seal (5) is a "3"-shaped sheet structure, symmetrically divided into three regions βm, εm, and θm, and symmetrically arranged in the three regions are provided with a first ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-1), a second ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-2), and a third ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-3); a first shaped sink groove (3-5), a second shaped sink groove (3-6), a third shaped sink groove (3-7), a fourth shaped sink groove (3-8), and a fifth shaped sink groove (3-9) are arranged around the first ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-1) and the second ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-2) facing the side plate, and the depth is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the ear-shaped seal (5); a plurality of ear-shaped seal truncated cones (3-4) are arranged around the third ear-shaped seal shaped slot hole (3-3) to ensure assembly processability; the material of the ear-shaped seal (5) is rubber or rubber-like.

7. A floating compensation method for a segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure, based on the segmented middle sealed floating side plate structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. When the oil pump is running at high speed, εz and βz will become the sealing transition zone together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of the εz and βz regions on the side plate (6) will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz region. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back of the side plate (6) is as follows: the pressure of the compensation area I is connected to the second groove (1-15) on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole (1-9), which is consistent with the pressure of the βz region on the front side of the side plate. The compensation area II is connected to the first groove (1-14) on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole (1-4), which is consistent with the pressure of the εz region on the front side of the side plate. The compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform (1-12), and then connected to the high-pressure unloading groove (1-16) on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole (1-11), which is consistent with the pressure of the θz region on the front side of the side plate, that is: Pθz= PIII, Pεz= Pβz= PI= PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate (6) always in a balanced state; b. When the oil pump is running at medium speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove (1-13) through the first groove (1-14) when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that of the θz zone; βz will become a sealing transition zone together with αz. Under this condition, the separation pressure of the βz zone on the side plate (6) will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz zone. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back side of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of the compensation zone I is connected to the side plate through the first through hole (1-9). The second groove (1-15) on the front side is connected to the pressure of the βz area on the front side of the side plate. The compensation area II is connected to the first groove (1-14) on the front side of the side plate through the second through hole (1-4) and is consistent with the pressure of the εz area on the front side of the side plate. The compensation area III is connected to the middle and low platform (1-12) and further connected to the high-pressure unloading groove (1-16) on the front side of the side plate through the third through hole (1-11) and is consistent with the pressure of the θz area on the front side of the side plate, that is, Pθz=Pεz=PII=PIII, Pβz=PII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate (6) always in a balanced state. c. When the oil pump is running at a low speed, εz is connected to the oil guide groove (1-13) through the first groove (1-14) when the gear rotates, and the pressure is consistent with that of the θz area; βz is connected to εz through the second groove (1-15) when the gear rotates. Under this condition, only the αz area is sealed in the transition area, and the separation pressure acting on the side plate will be lower than the pressure of the oil pump outlet cavity, that is, lower than the pressure of the θz area. At this time, the pressure distribution of the back pressure groove on the back side of the side plate is as follows: the pressure of the compensation area I is connected to the second groove on the front side of the side plate through the first through hole (1-9). The first through hole (1-4) is connected to the first groove (1-14) on the front side of the side plate, and the pressure is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front side of the side plate. The second through hole (1-4) is connected to the first through hole (1-14) on the front side of the side plate, and the pressure is consistent with the pressure in the εz area on the front side of the side plate. The third through hole (1-11) is connected to the high-pressure unloading groove (1-16) on the front side of the side plate, and the pressure is consistent with the θz area on the front side of the side plate, that is, Pθz=Pβz=Pεz=PI=PII=PIII, thereby keeping the axial forces on both sides of the side plate (6) always in a balanced state.

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