Multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive

Abstract

The present invention proposes a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger driven by memory alloy, comprising: a lower cover plate, a coupling flow channel plate, a heat insulation plate, a jet plate and an upper cover plate which are stacked in sequence; the heat exchanger has a jet impingement flow channel and a multi-stage jet regulating component, and the multi-stage jet regulating component realizes the regulation and control of the flow of no cooling medium, the flow of cooling medium with a first flow rate, the flow of cooling medium with a second flow rate and the flow of cooling medium with a third flow rate in the jet impingement flow channel based on the induced temperature of the memory alloy part; wherein the first flow rate, the second flow rate and the third flow rate are in an increasing geometric progression relationship. The present invention solves many problems of the traditional heat exchanger, such as the single flow channel structure, fixed flow channel flow, complex limitations of the topologically optimized flow channel structure, and lack of precise control of the impingement jet flow rate, further improves the versatility and intelligence of the heat exchanger, further enhances the heat exchange capacity, and greatly improves the temperature uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of thermal control technology, and in particular to a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger driven by a memory alloy. Background Art

[0002] As electronic components with high heat flux density are increasingly used in aerospace, electronic information and other fields, and are developing towards high integration, high performance, multi-function and miniaturization, their heat flux density has increased dramatically. According to relevant literature, with the increase of heat flux density and the increase of temperature of electronic components, the reliability and service life of electronic devices will drop sharply. For every 2 degrees Celsius increase in temperature, the performance reliability will decrease by 10%. According to statistics, electronic equipment temperature exceeding the rated value accounts for 55% of electronic equipment failures. At the same time, temperature uniformity is also an important indicator. Excessive temperature differences will lead to greater thermal stress, which will lead to uneven stress distribution, resulting in mechanical damage.

[0003] Liquid cooling technology can meet the heat dissipation needs of current electronic equipment. It mainly exchanges heat with the internal wall of the heat exchanger through the flow of cooling medium in the channel, thereby taking away the heat generated by the heat source. The structure of the heat exchanger will seriously affect the heat dissipation effect of the cooling system.

[0004] Traditional liquid cooling channels often achieve better heat exchange effects through structural designs such as channel size optimization, shape optimization, and topology optimization. The design cycle is long, the channel design is fixed in advance, and it cannot be adaptively adjusted according to local temperature changes. It is not universal and applicable.

[0005] The heat transfer efficiency of conventional liquid cooling channels is affected by the temperature gradient, which results in uneven temperature distribution when the fluid flows through the heat transfer surface, causing some areas to be too hot while other areas to be too cold, affecting the overall heat transfer effect. Due to the uneven flow of the fluid in the liquid cooling channel, hot spots are easily generated on the heat transfer surface, causing local overheating and affecting the stability and life of the equipment.

[0006] Traditional liquid cooling channels often use mechanical valves, pumps or solenoid valves to regulate fluid flow. These control methods are limited by external conditions and set parameters, making it difficult to achieve real-time regulation and adaptive control of fluid flow. The control system response speed of traditional liquid cooling channels is relatively slow and cannot meet the requirements of some working conditions that require rapid adjustment, which can easily lead to temperature fluctuations and instability.

[0007] In summary, the existing design methods of non-contact liquid-cooled heat exchangers have three problems, as follows:

[0008] (1) Since the heat source distribution of different electronic components is different, different heat source distributions require different heat sinks to meet the needs. The flow channel design of traditional liquid-cooled heat exchangers usually has a fixed flow path, which means that the cooling medium cannot be optimally distributed according to actual needs when flowing through the flow channel. This causes some parts to be overcooled while other parts are not fully cooled, thereby reducing the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire system.

[0009] (2) The flow channel design of traditional liquid cooling heat exchangers usually uses rigid materials to construct the flow channel structure, which limits the adaptability and flexibility of the flow channel when facing different working conditions. Therefore, when facing different heat dissipation requirements or changes in the working environment, the flow channel of the traditional liquid cooling system is difficult to adaptively adjust its structure and shape, resulting in reduced heat dissipation efficiency and performance.

[0010] (3) Heat exchangers that usually use topological optimization flow channels involve complex mathematical models and calculation methods. Optimizing the flow channel structure requires consideration of multiple factors, such as fluid dynamics, heat conduction, and material mechanics, and requires a large amount of computing resources, software, and a long time to complete the optimization process. This results in a long design cycle, which is not conducive to rapid development and application; the results of topological optimization flow channel design are highly dependent on initial conditions and parameter settings. Different initial conditions and parameter selections may lead to different optimization results. Therefore, experienced engineers are needed to guide and adjust the optimization process to ensure that the optimal flow channel structure that meets actual needs is obtained; for certain complex geometric shapes and flow channel structures, advanced manufacturing technologies and processes are required to achieve them, which increases manufacturing costs and difficulties; due to the differences in different flow channel design requirements, each application scenario requires targeted optimization methods and tools, which increases the complexity and difficulty of flow channel design and lacks versatility.

[0011] Shape memory alloy technology brings unique advantages to jet impingement heat exchangers, especially in improving temperature uniformity and achieving adaptive control. These advantages make shape memory alloy-driven jet impingement heat exchangers an efficient and reliable heat exchange device that is expected to play an important role in various industrial applications.

[0012] For example, Chinese patent 201811003373.9 proposes a self-regulating flow channel heat exchanger and method driven by shape memory alloy, which discloses a self-regulating flow channel cold plate driven by shape memory alloy and a self-regulating method, including an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a flow channel plate located therebetween, and also includes a double-layer flow channel formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the flow channel plate, and a plurality of component slots for placing flow channel regulating components are provided on the upper flow channel; the flow channel regulating component includes a push rod, a shape memory alloy spring and a spring on the push rod, and also includes a movable flow channel wall fixed on the push rod; a heat conduction mechanism that fits the component slot is provided on the inner surface of the upper cover plate; the component slot is filled with a cooling medium; the shape memory alloy spring is subjected to heat transfer by the heat conduction mechanism and the cooling medium, so that its elastic force changes, thereby driving the push rod to push the movable flow channel wall to move accordingly, opening and closing the branch flow channel of the upper flow channel, thereby adjusting the temperature distribution on the surface of the cold plate. This patent solves the problem of uneven heat dissipation of heating devices and uncontrollable temperature of the cold plate caused by the non-automatic adjustment of the cold plate flow channel structure.

[0013] However, the flow channel regulating component in the above technology can only realize opening and closing control, and cannot accurately adjust the jet flow rate according to temperature changes. Therefore, there are problems of low control accuracy and poor temperature uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0014] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are poor temperature uniformity, imprecise impact jet control and low heat exchange efficiency, and a multi-stage controllable jet impact heat exchanger driven by a memory alloy is provided.

[0015] The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: a lower cover plate, a coupling flow channel plate, a heat insulation plate, a jet plate and an upper cover plate which are stacked in sequence;

[0016] The multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger comprises a jet impingement flow channel and a multi-stage jet adjustment component; the multi-stage jet adjustment component controls the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impingement flow channel based on the induced temperature of the memory alloy part;

[0017] Wherein, when the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is lower than the first temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment component is in a closed state, and no cooling medium flows in the jet impact flow channel;

[0018] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly is in a first open state, and the jet impact flow channel has a first flow rate of cooling medium;

[0019] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly is in a second open state, and the jet impact flow channel has a second flow rate of cooling medium;

[0020] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment component is in a third open state, and a cooling medium with a third flow rate is present in the impact flow channel;

[0021] Among them, the first circulation amount, the second circulation amount and the third circulation amount are in an increasing geometric progression relationship.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the coupling flow channel plate is provided with a nested circular flow channel, and the nested circular flow channel includes a plurality of sub-circular flow channels arranged in a matrix, and any two adjacent sub-circular flow channels are cross-connected.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the jet impact flow channel comprises:

[0024] A plurality of upper impact holes extending through the jet plate in a thickness direction;

[0025] A plurality of jet holes penetrate the heat insulation board along the thickness direction, and the plurality of jet holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of upper impact holes;

[0026] A plurality of lower impact holes penetrate the coupling flow channel plate to the annular nested flow channel along the thickness direction, and the plurality of lower impact holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of jet holes.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly are provided on the coupling flow channel plate, and the plurality of mounting grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lower impact holes.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly in the mounting groove is immersed in a liquid working medium.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly includes:

[0030] A valve plate, wherein the valve plate is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes arranged in a matrix;

[0031] an adjusting spring abutting against one end of the valve plate;

[0032] The memory alloy part comprises a primary memory spring, a secondary memory spring and a tertiary memory spring which abut against the other end of the valve plate.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the regulating holes are nine in number and arranged in three rows and three columns. When the sensing temperature of the memory alloy part is less than a first temperature threshold, the nine regulating holes are all located outside the jet impact flow channel.

[0034] When the sensing temperature of the primary memory spring is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, the primary memory spring is extended and drives one row of adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel;

[0035] When the sensing temperature of the secondary memory spring is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the secondary memory spring extends and drives two rows of the adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel;

[0036] When the induced temperature of the three-stage memory spring is greater than the third temperature threshold, the three-stage memory spring is extended and drives the three rows of the adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage regulated jet impingement heat exchanger further includes: a control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the memory alloy component.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal insulation board is aerogel, thermal insulation film or thermal insulation cotton.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation plate is bonded to the coupling flow channel plate, and the lower cover plate and the coupling flow channel plate, the coupling flow channel plate and the jet plate, and the jet plate and the upper cover plate are welded together.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0041] 1) The present invention solves many problems of traditional heat exchangers, such as single flow channel structure, fixed flow channel flow, complex limitations of topological optimized flow channel structure, lack of precise control of impact jet flow, etc. It designs a new flow channel structure and accurately controls the impact jet flow, further improving the versatility and intelligence of the heat exchanger, further enhancing the heat exchange capacity, and greatly improving the temperature uniformity.

[0042] 2) The present invention adopts a multi-stage jet adjustment component with a three-stage shape memory alloy spring coupled with a circular ring nested flow channel structure shape flow channel design to convert the heat exchanger from an ordinary passive heat exchanger to an active adaptive precise flow control intelligent heat exchanger. Through the phase change temperature and heat treatment process of the intelligent structure of the memory alloy part, precise adaptive control when the temperature changes is achieved. This adaptive control capability enables the heat exchanger to automatically adjust the jet velocity and impact intensity according to actual working conditions and needs to achieve the best heat exchange effect. At the same time, the pressure drop is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the pump power consumption, further enhancing its heat dissipation performance, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] 3) The present invention connects the upper and lower flow channels through the jet impact flow channel, and designs a three-level flow control device with the help of the characteristics of shape memory alloy, which effectively optimizes the flow characteristics of the jet, so that the cooling medium with low temperature in the upper layer can be quantitatively guided directly to the heating part according to the temperature, quickly reduce the temperature of the heating part, and achieve a more uniform temperature distribution, thereby achieving temperature balance in the heat exchange process. This temperature uniformity can ensure that the temperature of each part of the heat exchanger is basically consistent during operation, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger driven by a memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 An exploded diagram of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger driven by a memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a jet plate of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat insulation plate of a multi-stage controlled jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a partial structural explosion diagram of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 is an exploded view of a coupling channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a coupling flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a coupling flow channel plate and a heat insulation plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.12 is a side view of a coupling channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.13 for Fig.12 AA cross-section schematic diagram shown;

[0057] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage jet regulating component of a multi-stage regulating jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage jet adjustment assembly in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage jet adjustment assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first open state;

[0060] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage jet adjustment assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention in a second open state;

[0061] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage jet adjustment assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention in a third open state;

[0062] Fig.19 A diagram showing the flow direction of a cooling medium in a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 20 The figure is a flow chart of the working principle of the multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Reference numerals:

[0065] Heat exchanger 100;

[0066] Lower cover 10;

[0067] Coupling channel plate 20, multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210, valve plate 211, adjustment spring 212, memory alloy part 213, primary memory spring 2131, secondary memory spring 2132, tertiary memory spring 2133, annular nested channel 220, sub-annular channel 221, inlet main channel 231, outlet main channel 232, lower impact hole 240, fluid inlet joint 251, fluid outlet joint 252;

[0068] Heat insulation board 30, jet through hole 310;

[0069] Jet plate 40, upper impact hole 410, upper flow channel 420;

[0070] Upper cover plate 50;

[0071] The jet impacts flow channel S1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0073] The description of the method flow in the specification of the present invention and the steps of the flowchart in the drawings of the specification of the present invention do not have to be strictly executed according to the step numbers, and the method steps can be executed in a different order. Moreover, some steps can be omitted, multiple steps can be combined into one step, and / or one step can be decomposed into multiple steps.

[0074] As the new generation of high-end electronic equipment such as communications, early warning, laser weapons, phased array radars, etc. are rapidly developing towards high power, miniaturization and high density, the power of electronic modules / components is getting higher and higher. Excessive temperature has an impact on the performance and even life of electronic equipment that cannot be ignored. The famous "10℃" rule also points out that "for every 10℃ increase in the temperature of a semiconductor device, its reliability will decrease by 50%." The resulting heat dissipation problem of electronic equipment is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0075] The present invention proposes a multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger 100 based on shape memory alloy drive, aiming to solve the problems of poor heat transfer uniformity, inaccurate jet impingement flow control and low heat transfer efficiency of traditional liquid-cooled heat exchangers.

[0076] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 based on memory alloy drive according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a lower cover plate 10, a coupling channel plate 20, a heat insulation plate 30, a jet plate 40 and an upper cover plate 50 which are stacked in sequence. The lower cover plate 10 may be the side close to the components to be cooled.

[0077] like Figure 6As shown, the multi-stage controlled jet impingement heat exchanger 100 comprises a jet impingement channel S1 and a multi-stage jet regulating component 210; the multi-stage jet regulating component 210 is based on a memory alloy member 213 (such as Fig. 20 The sensing temperature is used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impact channel S1;

[0078] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy member 213 is lower than the first temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 is in a closed state, and no cooling medium flows in the jet impact channel S1. Fig.15 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 in a closed state.

[0079] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy member 213 is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 is in the first open state, and the jet impact flow channel S1 has a first flow rate of cooling medium. Fig.16 , which is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 in the first open state.

[0080] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy member 213 is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 is in the second open state, and the jet impact flow channel S1 has a second flow rate of cooling medium. Fig.17 , which is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 in the second open state.

[0081] When the induced temperature of the memory alloy member 213 is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 is in the third open state, and the impact flow channel has a third flow rate of cooling medium. Fig.18 , which is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 in the third open state.

[0082] The first flow rate, the second flow rate and the third flow rate are in an increasing geometric progression relationship. For example, when the first flow rate is 3 unit flow rates, the second flow rate and the third flow rate can be 6 unit flow rates and 9 unit flow rates, respectively. This facilitates accurate quantitative control of the cooling medium flow rate.

[0083] It should be noted that forced convection heat exchange is currently the most reliable and commonly used heat dissipation strategy for high heat flux density electronic equipment. Liquid cooling heat exchanger is one of the most critical equipment in this technology. This technology exchanges heat with the internal wall of the heat exchanger through the flow of cooling medium in the channel, thereby taking away the heat generated by the heat source. Obviously, the structure of the heat exchanger will seriously affect the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation system.

[0084] The design of traditional liquid-cooled heat exchangers is to achieve better heat exchange effects by optimizing flow channel size and shape. Its design is often based on engineering experience, lacks theoretical basis, has a long design cycle, and is relatively random.

[0085] Moreover, the flow channels, pipe diameters, valves, diverters and other elements of traditional heat exchangers are set in advance, and are usually only applicable to some specific heat dissipation scenarios and heat dissipation requirements, and are not universal. It can only adjust the fluid inlet flow and speed, and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual heat source distribution. It is not flexible enough in some applications that require precise control or large flow regulation requirements, and lacks the ability to accurately control the temperature of each area of ​​the heat exchanger. When the heat generation of different modules changes, it is difficult to quickly and directionally cool down and control the temperature difference of each area of ​​the heat exchanger within the required range.

[0086] The multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 based on memory alloy drive proposed in the present invention can sense the ambient temperature changes through the memory alloy part 213 to achieve precise control of the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impingement flow channel S1. Compared with the existing shape memory alloy flow control valve that can only control the opening and closing of the flow channel according to temperature changes, but cannot accurately control the flow rate according to temperature changes, the present invention realizes multi-stage control through the memory alloy part 213. The higher the temperature, the greater the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impingement flow channel S1, thereby increasing the cooling effect. As a result, precise control of the jet flow rate can be achieved according to different temperatures, thereby further controlling the temperature and improving consistency, which helps to improve the intelligence of the heat dissipation of the entire system and avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient cooling.

[0087] Moreover, the multi-stage controlled jet impingement heat exchanger 100 utilizes the high-speed flow characteristics of the jet impingement to form a strong convection heat exchange between the fluid and the heat exchange surface, thereby achieving an efficient heat exchange process. Compared with traditional heat exchangers, the multi-stage controlled jet impingement heat exchanger 100 can achieve a higher heat exchange coefficient and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0088] In addition, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impact flow channel S1 of the present invention increases in geometric proportion to the increase in the ambient temperature, thereby facilitating accurate quantitative control of the total flow rate of the cooling medium and further improving the control accuracy of the flow rate of the cooling medium.

[0089] It is worth emphasizing that the effect of temperature on the performance of electronic components is not a linear relationship, but usually has a temperature critical value. The present invention sets three temperature thresholds and adjusts the cooling medium flow rate by multiples at the corresponding three thresholds, so that the heat exchanger 100 can better meet the actual heat dissipation requirements of electronic components, thereby further improving the working performance and stability of electronic components.

[0090] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.13As shown, the coupling channel plate 20 is provided with a circular nested channel 220, which includes a plurality of sub-circular channels 221 arranged in a matrix, and any two adjacent sub-circular channels 221 are cross-connected.

[0091] It should be noted that, at present, the requirements for temperature consistency of components are becoming more and more stringent. For example, the temperature uniformity of active components of phased array antennas is an important indicator, which generally requires a temperature difference of , research shows that the heat flux density of the chip in the active component is as high as 200W / cm 2 , it will malfunction or fail under long-term overheating or uneven thermal stress. Relevant analysis reports point out that 55% of active component failures are caused by temperature; excessive temperature differences will lead to greater thermal stress, which in turn will cause mechanical damage and affect the functional performance of the equipment.

[0092] The nested annular flow channel 220 adopted in the present invention can significantly reduce the maximum temperature and improve the temperature uniformity. The nested annular flow channel 220 can reduce the maximum temperature and achieve temperature uniformity before the temperature of the heat-generating component / module reaches the phase change temperature of the memory alloy part 213. Experimental tests have shown that compared with traditional flow channels, a lower average temperature and a minimum temperature difference can be obtained.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the jet impact channel S1 includes: a plurality of upper impact holes 410 , a plurality of jet through holes 310 , and a plurality of lower impact holes 240 .

[0094] Among them, multiple upper impact holes 410 penetrate the jet plate 40 along the thickness direction, multiple jet through holes 310 penetrate the insulation plate 30 along the thickness direction, and the multiple jet through holes 310 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple upper impact holes 410. Multiple lower impact holes 240 penetrate the coupling flow channel plate 20 to the annular nested flow channel 220 along the thickness direction, and the multiple lower impact holes 240 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple jet through holes 310.

[0095] Thus, the cooling medium in the jet plate 40 can pass through the upper impact hole 410 and the corresponding jet through hole 310 through the heat insulation plate 30 into the lower impact hole 240 of the coupling flow channel plate 20, and be ejected to the annular nested flow channel 220 through the lower impact hole 240, so that the medium in the annular nested flow channel 220 is cooled and the impact heat dissipation is performed.

[0096] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the coupling channel plate 20 is provided with a plurality of mounting slots for mounting the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210, and the plurality of mounting slots are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lower impact holes 240. Thus, the flow rate of the cooling medium passing through the lower impact holes 240 can be precisely controlled by the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 in the installation groove is immersed in a liquid medium. The installation groove can be set as an independent cavity, and the liquid medium can use a liquid medium with a high thermal conductivity coefficient. The liquid medium can adjust the temperature according to the external temperature change, thereby causing the memory alloy part 213 of the immersed multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 to produce a corresponding deformation. Therefore, when the surrounding environment heats up, the cooling medium in the installation groove also heats up, the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 moves, the number of openings increases, and the cooling medium flows into the annular nested flow channel 220.

[0098] In other embodiments of the present invention, multiple installation grooves may also be connected to the annular nested flow channel 220. Thus, the cooling medium can flow into the installation groove and contact the corresponding multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 in the installation groove, and the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 performs corresponding state adjustment according to the temperature of the cooling medium in the installation groove.

[0099] It is worth emphasizing that the multiple multi-stage jet regulating components 210 in the present invention are independently arranged, so that the multi-stage jet regulating components 210 in each installation slot can independently control the cooling medium at the corresponding position according to their respective sensed temperatures. For example, when the temperature reaches the first temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet regulating component 210 can automatically switch to the first open state. When the temperature does not reach the first temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet regulating component 210 is in the closed state. In this way, accurate cooling and heat dissipation control can be met.

[0100] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.14 As shown, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 includes: a valve plate 211, an adjustment spring 212 and a memory alloy part 213.

[0101] Among them, the valve plate 211 is provided with multiple adjustment holes arranged in a matrix, the adjustment spring 212 is against one end of the valve plate 211, and the memory alloy part 213 includes a first-level memory spring 2131, a second-level memory spring 2132 and a third-level memory spring 2133 against the other end of the valve plate 211.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.14 As shown, there are nine adjustment holes arranged in three rows and three columns. When the sensing temperature of the memory alloy member 213 is less than the first temperature threshold, the nine adjustment holes are all located outside the jet impact flow channel S1;

[0103] When the sensing temperature of the primary memory spring 2131 is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, the primary memory spring 2131 extends and drives one row of adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel S1;

[0104] When the sensing temperature of the secondary memory spring 2132 is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the secondary memory spring 2132 extends and drives two rows of adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel S1;

[0105] When the induced temperature of the three-stage memory spring 2133 is greater than the third temperature threshold, the three-stage memory spring 2133 stretches and drives the three rows of adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel S1.

[0106] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 further includes: a control component (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the memory alloy part 213. In other words, the present invention can also be provided with a control component for controlling the deformation state of the memory alloy part 213, and the deformation of the memory alloy part 213 is controlled by electric heating. In this way, the control of the cooling medium flow rate can be made more flexible and autonomous. The control component can be used to uniformly control all multi-stage jet adjustment components 210, or each multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 can be provided with a control component to achieve more precise and flexible control.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation board 30 is aerogel, heat insulation film or heat insulation cotton. In actual use, the heat insulation board 30 of corresponding material can be selected according to actual needs.

[0108] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat insulation plate 30 is bonded to the coupling channel plate 20 , the lower cover plate 10 and the coupling channel plate 20 , the coupling channel plate 20 and the jet plate 40 , and the jet plate 40 and the upper cover plate 50 are welded together.

[0109] In summary, the present invention solves the following problems:

[0110] (1) Multi-stage adaptive temperature regulation: The present invention adopts a multi-stage jet regulating component 210 and a coupling ring nested flow channel 220 turbulence technology to achieve adaptive adjustment of the flow rate of the cooling medium. The shape memory alloy part 213 has the characteristics of shape memory effect and superelasticity, and can quickly respond and change shape when subjected to external stimulation. The multi-stage jet regulating component 210 based on shape memory alloy can quickly and accurately adjust the opening and closing size of the jet impact flow channel S1 according to actual needs, thereby improving the flow efficiency and heat dissipation performance of the fluid and achieving precise temperature control.

[0111] (2) High reliability and temperature stability: The memory alloy 213 has good stability and durability and can maintain stable performance during long-term use. The use of the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 and the coupled ring nested flow channel 220 can improve the reliability and stability of the system, reduce failures and maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0112] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0113] 1) The present invention solves many problems of the traditional heat exchanger, such as the single flow channel structure, fixed flow channel flow, complex limitations of the topological optimized flow channel structure, and lack of precise control of the impact jet flow. A new flow channel structure is designed, and the impact jet flow is precisely controlled, which further improves the versatility and intelligence of the heat exchanger 100, further enhances the heat exchange capacity, and greatly improves the temperature uniformity.

[0114] 2) The present invention adopts a multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 of a three-stage shape memory alloy spring coupled with a circular ring nested flow channel 220 structure shape flow channel design to convert the heat exchanger from an ordinary passive heat exchanger to an active adaptive precise flow control intelligent heat exchanger. Through the phase change temperature and heat treatment process of the intelligent structure of the memory alloy part 213, accurate adaptive control is achieved when the temperature changes. This adaptive control capability enables the heat exchanger 100 to automatically adjust the jet velocity and impact strength according to actual working conditions and needs to achieve the best heat exchange effect. At the same time, the pressure drop is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the pump power consumption, further enhancing its heat dissipation performance, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0115] 3) The present invention connects the upper and lower flow channels through the jet impact flow channel S1, and designs a three-level flow control device with the help of the characteristics of shape memory alloy, which effectively optimizes the flow characteristics of the jet, so that the cooling medium with low temperature in the upper layer can be quantitatively guided directly to the heating part according to the temperature, quickly reduce the temperature of the heating part, and achieve a more uniform temperature distribution, thereby achieving temperature balance during the heat exchange process. This temperature uniformity can ensure that the temperature of each part of the heat exchanger 100 is basically consistent during operation, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity of the heat exchanger 100.

[0116] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings using a specific embodiment. It should be understood that the following description is only an exemplary description and should not be construed as a specific limitation of the present invention.

[0117] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the shape memory alloy driven multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 comprises: a lower cover plate 10, a coupling channel plate 20, a heat insulation plate 30, a jet plate 40 and an upper cover plate 50 which are stacked in sequence. The heat insulation plate 30 is bonded to the coupling channel plate 20, and the lower cover plate 10 and the coupling channel plate 20, the coupling channel plate 20 and the jet plate 40, and the jet plate 40 and the upper cover plate 50 are welded.

[0118] like Figure 3-Figure 13As shown, in order to achieve the multi-stage regulated jet impact heat exchange capacity, the present invention uses 512 annular nested flow channels 220 to achieve preliminary heat exchange and temperature uniformity, and uses a multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 to achieve precise control of the cooling medium jet impact flow through the jet impact flow channel S1 to achieve better heat exchange capacity and temperature uniformity. The cooling medium can be water or liquid metal.

[0119] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the jet plate 40 includes an upper flow channel 420 and a plurality of upper impact holes 410 formed on its upper surface.

[0120] like Figure 4 As shown, the heat insulation plate 30 is aerogel, heat insulation film or heat insulation cotton, which is installed on the upper surface of the coupling flow channel plate 20 to isolate the temperature between the jet plate 40 and the coupling flow channel plate 20. Figure 6 As shown, the heat insulation board 30 has a jet through hole 310 matched with the upper impact hole 410 and the lower impact hole 240 , and these three items together constitute a complete jet impact flow channel S1 .

[0121] like Figure 5-Figure 10 As shown, the coupling flow channel plate 20 includes a flow channel plate, a multi-stage jet adjustment component 210, a fluid inlet joint 251 and a fluid outlet joint 252. Using the shape memory effect and superelasticity, the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 is used to automatically control the opening and closing of the jet impact flow channel S1. The flow channel plate is provided with an inlet main channel 231, an outlet main channel 232, a circular ring nested flow channel 220 (located inside the flow channel plate), a mounting groove, and a lower impact hole 240. The coupling flow channel plate 20 is welded to the lower cover plate 10. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet main channel 231 is 8 to 10 times that of the circular ring nested flow channel 220, ensuring that the flow velocity of the cooling medium at the entrance of each circular ring nested flow channel 220 is consistent. The inlet main channel 231 and the outlet main channel 232 are respectively installed with a fluid inlet joint 251 and a fluid outlet joint 252.

[0122] like Fig.14 As shown, the multi-stage jet regulating assembly 210 includes: a push rod, a rectangular nine-hole valve plate 211, an adjusting spring 212 and a memory alloy part 213, and the memory alloy part 213 includes a primary memory spring 2131, a secondary memory spring 2132 and a tertiary memory spring 2133. The multi-stage jet regulating assembly 210 is installed in the mounting groove, and the cooling medium completely soaks it. Through the heat transfer of the cooling medium, when the temperature rises, the primary memory spring 2131, the secondary memory spring 2132 and the tertiary memory spring 2133 successively undergo phase change elastic changes, pushing the rectangular nine-hole valve plate to complete different sizes of opening, so that the cooling cooling medium in the upper flow channel 420 of the jet plate 40 enters the annular nested flow channel 220 through the jet impact flow channel S1, injects the cooling medium into this part of the flow channel, reduces the temperature of this part, and then reduces the module temperature. The direction of the cooling medium is as follows Fig.19As shown, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly 210 controls the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impact channel S1 as shown in FIG. Fig. 20 shown.

[0123] The primary memory spring 2131 , the secondary memory spring 2132 and the tertiary memory spring 2133 need to undergo different shape memory phase change temperature tests and process treatments, and are arranged in the mounting groove to have a two-way shape memory function.

[0124] The lower cover plate 10 is installed with a plurality of heating modules with different heating amounts, and the modules are attached to the surface of the lower cover plate 10 through a thermal interface material, wherein the thermal interface material is a thermal conductive silicone grease or a thermal conductive pad.

[0125] like Fig. 20 As shown, the cooling and heat dissipation method of the shape memory alloy driven multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 of the present invention is as follows:

[0126] 1) The primary memory spring 2131, the secondary memory spring 2132, and the tertiary memory spring 2133 are control springs of the jet impact flow channel S1 with different temperature thresholds T1, T2, and T3 (T1℃<T2℃<T3℃), which are installed on the push rod and connected with the adjustment spring 212 and installed in the installation groove. The primary memory spring 2131, the secondary memory spring 2132, and the tertiary memory spring 2133 are subjected to phase change temperature test and heat treatment process.

[0127] 2) The lower cover plate 10 is attached to the heating module, and the heating module is powered on. The heat of different heating modules is conducted to the installation groove in the annular nested flow channel 220 through the thermal pad, and is transferred to the multi-stage jet adjustment component 210 through the cooling medium. When the temperature reaches the phase change temperature of the first-stage memory spring 2131, the second-stage memory spring 2132, and the third-stage memory spring 2133, their elastic force changes, pushing the jet impact flow channel S1 to open different sizes, and the cooling cooling medium in the upper jet plate 40 enters the lower annular nested flow channel 220 from the jet impact flow channel S1 and converges and mixes with the original cooling medium in the annular nested flow channel 220, and then flows into the main flow channel, and finally flows out of the heat exchanger 100 through the fluid outlet joint 252.

[0128] Specifically, combined Figure 15-Figure 20 As shown:

[0129] The cooling medium is injected into the heat exchanger 100 through the fluid inlet connector 251. When the temperature of the cooling medium generated by the module through the installation slot does not reach the first temperature threshold value T1°C, Fig.15 As shown, the rectangular nine-hole valve plate 211 does not move laterally, the jet impact channel S1 is completely closed, and the cooling medium flows out evenly from the annular nested channel 220 in the coupling channel plate 20 .

[0130] When the module heat is passed through the cooling medium temperature T of the installation slot and reaches T1℃≤T<T2℃, Fig.16 As shown, the primary memory spring 2131 is extended, pushing the rectangular nine-hole valve plate 211 to move laterally, and the jet impact channel S1 is opened by 1 / 3. The cooling medium of the jet plate 40 enters the annular nested channel 220 of the coupling channel plate 20 at the lower layer through the jet impact channel S1, thereby increasing the flow rate and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0131] When the module generates heat and the temperature T of the cooling medium through the installation slot reaches T2℃≤T<T3℃, the secondary memory spring 2132 extends, pushing the rectangular nine-hole valve plate 211 to further move laterally, and the jet impact channel S1 opens 2 / 3. The cooling medium of the jet plate 40 enters the circular nested channel 220 of the coupling channel plate 20 of the lower layer through the jet impact channel S1, further increasing the flow rate and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0132] When the heat generated by the module reaches T≥T3℃ through the cooling medium temperature T in the installation slot, the three-stage memory spring 2133 undergoes temperature elastic deformation and elongation, pushing the rectangular nine-hole valve plate 211 to further move laterally, the jet impact channel S1 is fully opened, the jet impact flow rate reaches the maximum, and the heat exchange efficiency is maximized.

[0133] In summary, the present invention proposes a multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger 100 of a circular nested flow channel 220 coupled with a shape memory alloy, which can achieve directional temperature control and overall flow regulation of the heat of different heating modules through a three-stage memory alloy spring control valve, thereby achieving overall temperature reduction and temperature uniformity.

[0134] Among them, the design of the annular nested flow channel 220 can significantly reduce the maximum temperature and improve the temperature uniformity, so that the maximum temperature can be reduced and the temperature uniformity can be improved through the heat exchanger 100 before the temperature of the heat-generating component / module reaches the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy.

[0135] The design of the upper and lower through-type jet impact coupled ring nested flow channel 220 improves the heat exchange efficiency: the jet impact heat exchanger 100 utilizes the high-speed flow characteristics of the jet impact to form a strong convection heat exchange between the fluid and the heat exchange surface, thereby realizing an efficient heat exchange process. Compared with traditional heat exchangers, it can achieve a higher heat transfer coefficient and improve heat transfer efficiency.

[0136] Compared with traditional jet impingement heat exchangers, the present invention can adaptively adjust the opening and closing of the jet impingement according to the different temperature distributions of components. Through the control of the three-stage shape memory alloy spring, it can achieve precise control of the jet flow according to different temperatures, thereby further controlling the temperature and improving consistency. This helps to improve the intelligence of the heat dissipation of the entire system and avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient cooling.

[0137] Through the description of the specific implementation methods, a deeper and more specific understanding of the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose should be obtained. However, the accompanying drawings are only for reference and illustration purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive, characterized in that: include: A lower cover plate, a coupling flow channel plate, a heat insulation plate, a jet plate and an upper cover plate are stacked in sequence; The multi-stage control jet impingement heat exchanger comprises a jet impingement flow channel and a multi-stage jet adjustment component; the multi-stage jet adjustment component controls the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jet impingement flow channel based on the induced temperature of the memory alloy part; Wherein, when the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is lower than the first temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment component is in a closed state, and no cooling medium flows in the jet impact flow channel; When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly is in a first open state, and the jet impact flow channel has a first flow rate of cooling medium; When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly is in a second open state, and the jet impact flow channel has a second flow rate of cooling medium; When the induced temperature of the memory alloy part is greater than or equal to the third temperature threshold, the multi-stage jet adjustment component is in a third open state, and a cooling medium with a third flow rate is present in the impact flow channel; Wherein, the first circulation amount, the second circulation amount and the third circulation amount are in an increasing arithmetic progression relationship; The multi-stage jet adjustment assembly comprises: A valve plate, wherein the valve plate is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes arranged in a matrix; an adjusting spring abutting against one end of the valve plate; A memory alloy part, comprising a primary memory spring, a secondary memory spring and a tertiary memory spring abutting against the other end of the valve plate; The coupling flow channel plate is provided with a circular nested flow channel, the circular nested flow channel comprises a plurality of sub-circular flow channels arranged in a matrix, and any two adjacent sub-circular flow channels are cross-connected; The jet impact flow channel comprises: A plurality of upper impact holes extending through the jet plate in a thickness direction; A plurality of jet holes penetrate the heat insulation board along the thickness direction, and the plurality of jet holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of upper impact holes; A plurality of lower impact holes, penetrating the coupling flow channel plate to the annular nested flow channel along the thickness direction, the plurality of lower impact holes and the plurality of jet holes being arranged in one-to-one correspondence; The coupling flow channel plate is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting the multi-stage jet adjustment assembly, and the plurality of mounting grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lower impact holes.

2. The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-stage jet adjustment assembly in the installation groove is immersed in liquid working medium.

3. The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nine adjusting holes are arranged in three rows and three columns. When the sensing temperature of the memory alloy part is lower than the first temperature threshold, the nine adjusting holes are all located outside the jet impact flow channel. When the sensing temperature of the primary memory spring is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, the primary memory spring is extended and drives one row of adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel; When the sensing temperature of the secondary memory spring is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the secondary memory spring extends and drives two rows of the adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel; When the induced temperature of the three-stage memory spring is greater than the third temperature threshold, the three-stage memory spring is extended and drives the three rows of the adjustment holes to extend into the jet impact flow channel.

4. The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The multi-stage regulated jet impingement heat exchanger further includes: a control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the memory alloy component.

5. The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The heat insulation board is aerogel, heat insulation film or heat insulation cotton.

6. The multi-stage controllable jet impingement heat exchanger based on memory alloy drive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The heat insulation plate is bonded to the coupling flow channel plate, and the lower cover plate is connected to the coupling flow channel plate, the coupling flow channel plate is connected to the jet plate, and the jet plate is connected to the upper cover plate by welding.

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