A leakage detection method, system and application of carbon dioxide energy storage device

Abstract

The present invention proposes a leakage detection method, system and application of a carbon dioxide energy storage device, the method comprising: detecting the carbon dioxide concentration through a flexible sensing unit; obtaining the current gas storage amount and determining the concentration range of the interlayer cavity gas; analyzing whether the carbon dioxide concentration of the flexible sensing unit exceeds the concentration range, and analyzing the change trend; if the carbon dioxide concentration of the flexible sensing unit exceeds the concentration range, or the change trend is abnormal, then: determining that there is a leak in the gas storage cavity and determining the central sensing unit; dividing the abnormal area on the surface of the flexible inner membrane with each central flexible sensing unit as the center, and taking corresponding treatment measures for the abnormal area. The present invention aims at the structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane and the inner interlayer cavity space of the energy storage device, by arranging the flexible sensing unit, and according to the law of gas change in the interlayer cavity, realizes intelligent detection of gas leakage in the gas storage cavity, with high detection accuracy, and is suitable for gas leakage detection in large-scale gas storage spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide energy storage, and in particular relates to a leakage detection method, system and application of a carbon dioxide energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] The application of energy storage technology can largely solve the drawbacks of volatility and intermittency of renewable energy power generation, and effectively solve the problem of peak shifting and valley filling. It has received more and more attention in recent years. The carbon dioxide gas-liquid phase change energy storage technology has gradually attracted widespread attention in the industry due to its advantages such as high energy storage efficiency, flexible layout, and compact system equipment.

[0003] At present, the equipment used to store carbon dioxide on the market is mainly divided into two categories: rigid equipment and flexible equipment. Rigid equipment mainly includes high-pressure storage tanks, pressure vessels, etc., which are made of high-strength metal materials and can withstand high-pressure environments to ensure the stable storage of carbon dioxide. However, rigid equipment requires a lot of cost, and the gas storage space is small and the installation is inconvenient, making it difficult to promote its use in practical applications.

[0004] Flexible devices use new materials, such as high-performance fiber composites, and achieve low-cost and flexible storage of carbon dioxide through a well-designed structure. However, the shape of the flexible device is uncontrollable during the gas input and output process, which may cause the gas film to tear and gas leakage during the gas input process. In the carbon dioxide energy storage system, gas leak detection is a critical safety measure aimed at preventing potential environmental hazards and economic losses.

[0005] However, the gas storage space of the carbon dioxide energy storage flexible device is large, and it is difficult to enter the gas storage space for special manual inspection during the charging and discharging process. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a leakage detection method, system and application of a carbon dioxide energy storage device, which has the advantages of low cost, large gas storage space, beautiful appearance, safety and reliability. It is specifically achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first part, the present invention proposes a leakage detection method for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, wherein the carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, wherein the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, wherein the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute an interlayer cavity wrapping the gas storage cavity, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure of the gas storage cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases with the increase of the gas pressure of the gas storage cavity; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on one side of the surface of the flexible inner membrane located at the interlayer cavity; the leakage detection method comprises:

[0008] Detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane by means of various flexible sensing units;

[0009] When the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, obtaining the current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity, and determining the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table;

[0010] The main control module is used to analyze whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range, and analyze the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located;

[0011] If the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: it is determined that there is leakage in the gas storage cavity, the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit;

[0012] On the surface of the flexible inner membrane, abnormal areas are divided by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and corresponding treatment measures are taken for the abnormal areas.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, when the air storage cavity is in a static state, it further includes:

[0014] An overall image of the flexible inner membrane is acquired through a first image unit located above the flexible inner membrane, and a height image of the flexible inner membrane is acquired through a second image unit located on the side of the flexible inner membrane; the concave and convex areas in the overall image are analyzed to acquire the deformation degree of the upper surface of the flexible inner membrane, and the height image is analyzed to acquire the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane; and it is determined whether there is an air pressure leakage in the flexible inner membrane based on the deformation degree and / or the bulging height.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, when the air storage chamber is currently in a static state:

[0016] If there is leakage in the air storage cavity, the air pressure of the interlayer cavity is gradually adjusted, and the sum of the air pressure of the interlayer cavity and the air pressure required to support the inner membrane and its appendages is not greater than the air pressure of the air storage cavity, so as to reduce the air pressure difference between the air storage cavity and the interlayer cavity and reduce the leakage tendency of carbon dioxide concentration while maintaining the air storage cavity from being collapsed, so as to reduce the leakage between the air storage cavity and the interlayer cavity caused by the difference in carbon dioxide concentration.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, a protrusion is provided at a preset leakage-prone location on the surface of the flexible inner membrane, and a protective cavity is formed between the protrusion and the flexible inner membrane, and the protective cavity is filled with carbon dioxide; when the inner membrane and / or outer membrane is deformed or moved, the inner membrane and the outer membrane are separated by the protrusion to reduce the contact between the inner membrane and the outer membrane.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, an image of each protrusion is acquired by an imaging unit, and whether each protrusion is deformed is determined by analyzing the concave-convex area in the image;

[0019] If a certain protrusion is deformed, it is determined that the carbon dioxide in the protection cavity enters the gas storage cavity, causing the gas pressure in the protection cavity to drop, and leakage occurs at the leak-prone area covered by the protrusion.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located gradually increases as the air pressure in the air storage cavity gradually increases and the interlayer cavity space gradually decreases is obtained in advance to obtain a standard inflation trend;

[0021] When the gas storage chamber is currently in an inflated state, referring to the standard inflation trend, if the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard inflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensing unit is abnormal.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located gradually decreases as the air pressure in the air storage cavity gradually decreases and the interlayer cavity space gradually increases is obtained in advance to obtain a standard deflation trend;

[0023] When the gas storage cavity is currently in a deflation state, referring to the standard deflation trend, if the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard deflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensing unit is abnormal.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, according to the shape of the gas storage cavity and the position of the gas exchange port in the gas storage cavity, the area on the flexible inner membrane that bulges first during the inflation of the gas storage cavity is determined, and the area is used as a reference area;

[0025] A flexible sensing unit is provided at the reference area to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the area, and a second imaging unit is configured on the outer film around the reference area to monitor the bulge height in the area;

[0026] The gas storage chamber is divided into several levels based on its maximum gas storage capacity; the concentration range of carbon dioxide and the range of bulge height of the reference area are recorded at different levels of gas storage capacity to obtain the comparison table.

[0027] In the second part, the present invention proposes a leakage detection system for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, wherein the carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, wherein the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, wherein the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute an interlayer cavity wrapping the gas storage cavity, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on one side of the interlayer cavity on the surface of the flexible inner membrane; the system comprises:

[0028] A detection unit, used for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane through various flexible sensing units;

[0029] a calculation unit, which, when the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, obtains a current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity, and determines a concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table;

[0030] An analysis unit, used to analyze whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range through the main control module, and analyze the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located;

[0031] The abnormality determination unit determines that if the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: the gas storage chamber is judged to have leakage, the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit;

[0032] The processing unit is used to divide the abnormal area on the surface of the flexible inner membrane by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and take corresponding processing measures for the abnormal area.

[0033] In the third part, the present invention proposes a carbon dioxide energy storage device for implementing the leakage detection method described in any one of the first parts; the carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises:

[0034] The foundation is provided with a gas exchange port;

[0035] A flexible inner membrane is located on the foundation and forms a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide with the foundation, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases as the gas pressure of the gas storage cavity increases;

[0036] The outer membrane, together with the flexible inner membrane and the foundation, forms an interlayer cavity wrapping the air storage cavity, air is distributed in the interlayer cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases as the air pressure of the air storage cavity increases;

[0037] A gas-liquid conversion device, used to convert liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide for transport to the gas storage chamber for storage, and to convert gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage chamber into liquid carbon dioxide;

[0038] A plurality of flexible sensing units are distributed on the flexible inner membrane and located on one side of the interlayer cavity, and are used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration of each area on the flexible inner membrane;

[0039] A main control unit, which is communicatively connected to each flexible sensing unit, and is used to analyze whether there is leakage in the gas storage cavity and the corresponding leakage area according to the concentration data fed back by the flexible sensing unit;

[0040] The imaging unit comprises a first imaging unit located above the flexible inner membrane and used for acquiring an overall image of the flexible inner membrane, and a second imaging unit located at a side of the flexible inner membrane and used for acquiring a height image of the flexible inner membrane.

[0041] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a leakage detection method, system and application of a carbon dioxide energy storage device. Aiming at the structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane and inner interlayer cavity space of the energy storage device, the flexible sensing unit is arranged, and the intelligent detection of gas leakage in the gas storage cavity is realized according to the law of gas change in the interlayer cavity. The detection accuracy is high and it is suitable for gas leakage detection in large-scale gas storage spaces. Through the intelligent detection system, an early warning can be issued at the early stage of the leakage to avoid greater safety accidents caused by the leakage not being discovered in time. It can not only significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of leakage detection, but also comprehensively improve the safety, environmental protection and economic benefits of the carbon dioxide energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the leakage detection method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide energy storage device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide energy storage device in another form of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the leakage detection system module of the present invention.

[0047] Figure markings: 1-foundation; 2-flexible inner membrane; 3-outer membrane; 4-flexible sensing unit; 5-gas-liquid conversion device; 6-liquid storage container; 7-first image unit; 8-second image unit; A1-detection unit; A2-calculation unit; A3-analysis unit; A4-abnormality judgment unit; A5-processing unit; B1-gas storage cavity; B2-interlayer cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment proposes a leakage detection method for a carbon dioxide energy storage device. According to the structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane and the inner and outer membrane space of the energy storage device, the flexible sensing unit is arranged, and the intelligent detection of gas leakage in the gas storage cavity is realized according to the law of gas change in the interlayer cavity. The detection accuracy is high and it is suitable for gas leakage detection in large-scale gas storage space. The flow of the leakage detection method is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The specific plan is as follows:

[0051] A method for leak detection of a carbon dioxide energy storage device, the carbon dioxide energy storage device includes a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, and the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute an interlayer cavity wrapping the gas storage cavity. The shape of the flexible inner membrane changes with the change of the internal air pressure, and the shape of the outer membrane remains relatively unchanged. The cavity space of the gas storage cavity can increase with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity, while the cavity space of the interlayer cavity will decrease with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide are distributed on one side of the surface of the flexible inner membrane located at the interlayer cavity. The structural schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide energy storage device is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 and 3 shown.

[0052] The leak detection method includes the following steps:

[0053] 101. Detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane through each flexible sensing unit;

[0054] 102. When the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, obtain the current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity, and determine the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table;

[0055] 103. Analyze whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range through the main control module, and analyze the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located;

[0056] 104. If the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: determine that there is leakage in the gas storage cavity, use the flexible sensing unit as an abnormal sensing unit, and select one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend as the central sensing unit;

[0057] 105. On the surface of the flexible inner membrane, an abnormal area is divided by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and corresponding treatment measures are taken for the abnormal area.

[0058] The leakage detection method of this embodiment is aimed at the gas storage cavity formed by the flexible inner membrane. Compared with the rigid gas storage equipment, the flexible material can better cope with the thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, reduce stress accumulation and structural damage, and is easy to install and transport, easy to expand, and provides flexibility for deployment. The space of the gas storage cavity formed by the flexible inner membrane and the foundation will increase as the amount of carbon dioxide gas input increases. Correspondingly, the space of the sandwich cavity formed by the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation will decrease as the space of the gas storage cavity increases.

[0059] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide energy storage device also includes a liquid storage container and a gas-liquid conversion device, such as the attached Figure 2 and 3 As shown. The liquid storage container is used to store liquid gas; the gas-liquid conversion device includes a heat recovery device, an evaporator and a cooling device. The cooling device is connected to the liquid storage container and the air film structure respectively, and is used to connect the gaseous gas of the air film structure and cool it to convert it into liquid gas, and to transport the liquid gas to the liquid storage container; the heat recovery device is used to absorb and store the heat released in the process of converting the gaseous gas into liquid gas; the evaporator is used to connect the heat stored in the heat recovery device and the liquid gas in the liquid storage container, and evaporate the liquid gas into gaseous carbon dioxide. The gas storage cavity is mainly responsible for storing gaseous carbon dioxide, and the interlayer cavity is equivalent to the protective layer of the gas storage cavity, which can be filled with air to reduce storage costs.

[0060] Among them, the gas storage cavity in the carbon dioxide energy storage device includes three forms, namely, the inflation state, the deflation state and the static state. The inflation state is to transport gaseous carbon dioxide into the gas storage cavity, the deflation state is to transport gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage cavity to the outside, and the static state is a state where the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity is maintained stable without inflation or deflation. Since the inner membrane is flexible, it will change its shape as the air pressure in the gas storage cavity increases. When the gas storage cavity is in the inflation and deflation states, the cavity space of the gas storage cavity will change, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity will change, thereby affecting the change in the air pressure of the interlayer cavity. During the inflation and deflation process, once the gas storage cavity leaks, the huge space makes it difficult to detect the leakage of carbon dioxide, and it is impossible to quickly and accurately locate the leakage point, affecting the use of the gas storage cavity. In addition, the leaked gas enters the interlayer cavity, which will also affect the gas storage space of the gas storage cavity.

[0061] When the gas storage cavity is in a state of inflation or deflation, the cavity space of the gas storage cavity will change, and the cavity space in the interlayer cavity will also change, thereby changing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity. In this embodiment, the surface of the flexible inner membrane is covered with a flexible sensing unit for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide. The flexible sensing unit can be a flexible carbon dioxide sensor. The flexible carbon dioxide sensor can change with the change of the shape of the flexible inner membrane to adapt to the gas storage cavity in different shapes. In addition, the flexible carbon dioxide sensor will not damage the inner membrane during the detection process, nor will it interfere with normal gas storage or transmission.

[0062] Flexible carbon dioxide sensors combine flexible electronics with gas detection technology, and are able to work on irregular or curved surfaces, providing a wider range of monitoring capabilities and adaptability. In some embodiments, the flexible sensing unit includes an electrochemical-based flexible sensor, a flexible MOS carbon dioxide sensor, an optical-based flexible carbon dioxide sensor, and the like. Electrochemical-based flexible sensors utilize flexible substrate materials, such as polymers, to integrate electrochemical reaction layers, electrodes, and circuits to form a bendable structure to detect gases through chemical reactions. MOS sensors detect gases by using the resistance changes during the adsorption and desorption of gas molecules by metal oxide semiconductor materials. Flexible MOS carbon dioxide sensors can deposit semiconductor materials on flexible substrates, such as polyimide films, to achieve flexibility and wearability. Flexible carbon dioxide sensors based on optical principles, such as non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors, use infrared spectroscopy to analyze the absorption characteristics of carbon dioxide. Flexible versions of NDIR sensors can be realized by mounting optical components and detectors on flexible substrates. When selecting and using flexible carbon dioxide sensors, factors such as sensitivity, selectivity, response time, operating temperature range, durability, and cost need to be considered. The flexible sensing unit of this embodiment can be connected to the main control module by wired or wireless communication, and the main control module is responsible for collating the detection data of each flexible sensing unit. Preferably, the flexible sensing unit obtains the concentration of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity at preset time intervals according to the instructions of the main control module. The interval detection takes into account the time required for the diffusion of carbon dioxide on the one hand, and can analyze the diffusion of carbon dioxide according to the changes in the previous and subsequent data on the other hand, and then infer the leakage point.

[0063] Specifically, a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on the side of the flexible inner membrane surface located at the sandwich cavity. The positions of the flexible sensing units are shown in the attached Figure 2 and 3 As shown. The flexible sensing units can be distributed in a matrix form on the flexible inner membrane, and the positions can be customized according to the needs, such as setting the flexible sensing units in the area prone to leakage, or they can be set according to the shape and structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane. Exemplarily, the inner membrane is composed of a plurality of diaphragms, and leakage may occur at the connection between the diaphragms. Therefore, more flexible sensing units are distributed at the connection. Exemplarily, the flexible sensing units are set in a relatively large number in the area where the flexible inner membrane first bulges during the inflation process. In addition, the flexible sensing units can also be evenly distributed according to the shape and overall volume of the flexible inner membrane in the filled state. The greater the distribution density of the flexible sensing units, the faster the detection accuracy and detection rate, and the easier it is to locate the leakage area. Correspondingly, the cost will also increase. For large air storage chambers, multiple main control units can be set, each of which is responsible for a group of flexible sensing units, reducing communication pressure and data processing pressure.

[0064] When the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, the current gas storage volume in the gas storage cavity is obtained, and the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage volume is determined based on a preset comparison table. In the comparison table, each gas storage volume corresponds to a carbon dioxide concentration range. As the gas storage volume in the gas storage cavity changes, the carbon dioxide concentration in the interlayer cavity will also change accordingly, but the magnitude of the change is low. Even a slight leak will correspond to a carbon dioxide amplitude that is different from the normal carbon dioxide concentration change. The carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensing unit under different gas storage volumes can be measured in advance, and the corresponding concentration range can be obtained to complete the construction of the comparison table.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, the area on the flexible inner membrane that bulges first during the inflation process of the gas storage cavity is determined according to the shape of the gas storage cavity and the position of the gas exchange port in the gas storage cavity, and the area is used as a reference area; a flexible sensing unit is set at the reference area to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the area, and a second image unit is configured on the outer membrane around the reference area to monitor the bulging height of the area; the gas storage cavity is divided into several levels based on the maximum gas storage capacity; the carbon dioxide concentration range and the bulging height range of the reference area are recorded at different levels of gas storage capacity to obtain a comparison table. Through experimental observation, the area on the flexible inner membrane that bulges first during the inflation process of the gas storage cavity is determined, such as above the gas exchange port of the gas storage cavity, such as the attached Figure 3 As shown in area C in . During the restart process, the air pressure near the gas port is high, and the flexible inner membrane at this location generally bulges first. Taking this location as a reference, it can reflect the relationship between height and gas storage capacity to a certain extent, while the bulging degree of other areas is uncertain and difficult to use as a reference. The principles of material mechanics and fluid mechanics can be used to predict the deformation of the flexible inner membrane under different pressures, combined with the material of the flexible inner membrane and the geometric shape of the gas storage cavity, to verify the experimental results. A flexible carbon dioxide sensor is installed in the determined reference area to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in the area in real time. Select a suitable flexible sensor to ensure that it can work accurately and stably under the expected environmental conditions. A high-definition camera or displacement sensor is configured on the outer membrane around the reference area to monitor the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane. The image unit needs to have a sufficiently high resolution and frame rate to capture subtle deformations. Based on the maximum gas storage capacity of the gas storage cavity, it is divided into several levels. Each level corresponds to a specific pressure range or gas volume in the gas storage cavity. Under different levels of gas storage, the carbon dioxide concentration range and bulging height range of the reference area are recorded. The accuracy and reliability of the data are ensured by conducting multiple inflation and deflation cycle experiments. Analyze the collected data to determine the changing trend of CO2 concentration and bulge height at each level, as well as the correlation between the two. Organize the analysis results into a comparison table, listing the CO2 concentration range and bulge height range at different levels of gas storage. The comparison table is an important reference for subsequent monitoring and maintenance of the gas storage chamber.

[0066] If the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: it is determined that there is a leak in the gas storage chamber, and the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit. The concentration range is involved in the comparison table, and the change trend can be constructed by the main control module based on the data fed back by each flexible sensing unit, and then the flexible sensing unit with a change trend that is obviously different from other flexible sensing units is selected.

[0067] In the actual leak detection process, the flexible sensing unit and image monitoring unit are used to collect real-time data, compare it with the comparison table, and evaluate the status of the air storage chamber. When the monitoring data deviates from the normal range of the corresponding level in the comparison table, an immediate warning is issued, indicating that there may be leakage, abnormal pressure or other problems. Based on the information provided by the comparison table, a reasonable maintenance plan is formulated, such as regular inspection, replacement of parts or adjustment of the inflation strategy, to ensure the safety and efficiency of the air storage chamber.

[0068] In practical applications, a flow meter or mass flow controller can be used to directly measure the total amount of gas filled. The total amount of gas in the gas storage cavity affects the cavity space, air pressure and carbon dioxide concentration of the interlayer cavity. Under normal circumstances, there is no leakage in the gas storage cavity, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the interlayer cavity will gradually increase with the progress of inflation and gradually decrease with the progress of deflation. Once there is a leak in the gas storage cavity, the carbon dioxide in the gas storage cavity flows from the leak to the interlayer cavity under the action of pressure difference and concentration difference, causing the carbon dioxide concentration at the leak to increase sharply, which is much higher than the increase in carbon dioxide concentration when there is no leakage. Based on this, it can be judged whether there is a leak in the gas storage cavity.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, when the air storage chamber is in a static state, it also includes: obtaining an overall image of the flexible inner membrane through a first image unit located above the flexible inner membrane, and obtaining a height image of the flexible inner membrane through a second image unit located on the side of the flexible inner membrane; analyzing the concave and convex areas in the overall image to obtain the deformation degree of the upper surface of the flexible inner membrane, and analyzing the height image to obtain the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane; judging whether there is a pressure leak in the flexible inner membrane according to the deformation degree and / or the bulging height. The first image unit is located above the flexible inner membrane and is responsible for taking a top view of the flexible inner membrane, that is, the overall image. By comparing the overall images of the flexible inner membrane before and after inflation or under different inflation states, the deformation degree of the flexible inner membrane can be analyzed. The image processing software can automatically identify and quantify these deformation features, such as using edge detection, grayscale transformation, contour tracking and other technologies. The first image unit is composed of multiple cameras and needs to have high resolution and sufficient field of view to cover the entire upper surface of the flexible inner membrane. The second image unit is located on the side of the flexible inner membrane, and takes the flexible inner membrane from a lateral angle to obtain a height image, which can be used to measure the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane. When the deformation degree and bulging height of the flexible inner membrane change significantly compared with the preset normal inflation state, it may be a sign of gas leakage. For example, if the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane is lower than expected under the same inflation volume, or an abnormal concave area appears on the flexible inner membrane, it may indicate a leak. According to the design of the gas storage chamber and previous inflation data, the thresholds of deformation degree and bulging height can be set. When the measured value exceeds or falls below the threshold, the system will trigger an alarm to indicate a possible leak.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, when the gas storage cavity is currently in a static state: if there is a leak in the gas storage cavity, the air pressure of the interlayer cavity is gradually adjusted, and the sum of the air pressure of the interlayer cavity and the air pressure required to support the inner membrane and its appendages is not greater than the air pressure of the gas storage cavity, so as to reduce the air pressure difference between the gas storage cavity and the interlayer cavity while maintaining the gas storage cavity from being collapsed, and reduce the leakage trend of the carbon dioxide concentration. When the gas storage cavity is in a static state and a leak is detected, by adjusting the air pressure of the interlayer cavity and the air pressure difference between the gas storage cavity, it can be used as a temporary measure to slow down the leakage and slow down the diffusion rate of the gas between the inner interlayer cavity. Once the leak is confirmed, the air pressure of the interlayer cavity (interlayer cavity) is gradually increased. This can be achieved by injecting air or other inert gas into the interlayer cavity to slowly increase its internal pressure, so that the air pressure of the interlayer cavity gradually increases, but it cannot exceed the air pressure of the gas storage cavity, otherwise it will collapse the gas storage cavity. Although the inner membrane is a flexible material, it is large in size and has a certain gravity, and a certain pressure is required to support the inner membrane. This embodiment reserves a pressure value required to support the inner membrane and its appendages as a safety range, and converts the corresponding pressure value according to the weight of the inner membrane and the weight of the appendages integrated on the inner membrane. In actual applications, the gas storage cavity is filled with carbon dioxide, and the interlayer cavity space is small. After confirming the leakage, it is difficult to repair it manually. At this time, the air pressure can be adjusted to temporarily maintain balance, so as to buy time for subsequent leakage positioning and repair.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, a protrusion is provided at a preset leak-prone location on the surface of the flexible inner membrane, and a protective cavity is formed between the protrusion and the flexible inner membrane, and the protective cavity is filled with carbon dioxide; when the inner membrane and / or the outer membrane are deformed or moved, the inner membrane and the outer membrane are separated by the protrusion to reduce the contact between the inner membrane and the outer membrane. In practical applications, the protrusion exists in the form of a bulge. A partial bulge is provided on the outer surface of the inner membrane. When there is a relative displacement between the flexible inner membrane and the outer membrane, that is, when the inner membrane or the outer membrane shakes or deforms, the bulge can separate the inner and outer membranes to avoid damage to the inner membrane due to contact and friction between the flexible inner membrane and the outer membrane. The bulge is on the outer surface of the flexible inner membrane and may or may not be in contact with the inner surface of the outer membrane. Based on material properties, structural mechanics and historical data, areas on the flexible inner membrane that may become leak points are pre-identified. These areas usually include material weak points, joints or locations where leaks have occurred. In addition, the friction between the flexible inner membrane and the outer membrane can easily cause leakage, and the deformable and friction-prone areas on the flexible inner membrane naturally belong to the leak-prone areas. A plurality of protrusions are provided at the preset leak-prone locations, which protrude relative to the outer surface of the flexible inner membrane, so as to not only separate the inner and outer membranes, but also provide multiple protections for the leak-prone areas. The protrusions should be made of materials with high toughness and sealing properties, such as specially made polymer films, to enhance the physical strength and leak-proof capability of the area. The protrusions should be in close contact with the surface of the gas storage cavity to minimize the volume and ensure a compact structure. A protective cavity is formed inside the protrusions, which is filled with carbon dioxide gas, and the gas pressure is set higher than the maximum gas pressure of the gas storage cavity under normal operating conditions. The purpose of this practice is to utilize the "reverse" pressure effect of high-pressure gas to physically resist the tendency of the gas inside the gas storage cavity to leak out.

[0072] In some specific embodiments, images of each protrusion are obtained by an image unit, and the presence of deformation of each protrusion is determined by analyzing the concave and convex areas in the image; if a protrusion is deformed, it is determined that the carbon dioxide in the protective cavity enters the gas storage cavity, causing the pressure of the protective cavity to drop, and there is a leak at the leak-prone part covered by the protrusion. The high-pressure protective cavity can serve as an additional barrier. Even if a small leak occurs at a certain point of the flexible inner membrane, the leaked gas will first enter the protective cavity instead of escaping directly to the external environment, providing a buffer time for timely discovery and repair of the leak. At least one image unit (such as a camera) is arranged near each protrusion to ensure that the surface of the protrusion can be clearly photographed. These image units should have high resolution and wide viewing angle to capture the complete image of the protrusion. The image unit captures images of the protrusion at predetermined time intervals or continuously to monitor changes in its state over time. Image processing software or algorithms are used to analyze the captured images. This may include edge detection, morphological operations, texture analysis and other technologies to identify any concave and convex areas or deformations on the protrusion. Find areas in the image that do not conform to the standard shape or previously recorded normal state. These abnormal areas may indicate deformation or damage to the protrusion. For the detected deformation, the algorithm can quantify the degree of deformation, such as the depth and area of ​​the depression or bulge, and the distribution of the deformation. When a protrusion is significantly deformed, this may indicate that the air pressure in the protective cavity has dropped, because the carbon dioxide in the protective cavity may have penetrated into the gas storage cavity, causing the pressure inside the protective cavity to drop. If the degree of deformation of the protrusion exceeds the preset threshold and is accompanied by an abnormal drop in the air pressure of the protective cavity, it can be preliminarily determined that there is a leak in the leak-prone area covered by the protrusion.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located is gradually increased when the air pressure in the air storage chamber gradually increases and the interlayer cavity space gradually decreases, and the standard inflation trend is obtained in advance; when the air storage chamber is currently in an inflated state, if the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard inflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensing unit is abnormal. When the air storage chamber is completely emptied, the baseline value of the carbon dioxide concentration of all flexible sensing units is recorded. The air pressure in the air storage chamber is gradually increased, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located is recorded at the same time. This process should be carried out when the interlayer cavity space gradually decreases to simulate normal inflation conditions. The carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensing unit under different air pressures is recorded to create a relationship curve between air pressure and carbon dioxide concentration, that is, the standard inflation trend. In addition, it is necessary to analyze the standard inflation trend to determine the expected change pattern of carbon dioxide concentration during normal inflation. It may include a trend that the concentration increases linearly or nonlinearly with air pressure. During the inflation of the air storage chamber, the carbon dioxide concentration data of the area where each flexible sensing unit is located is collected in real time. Compare the real-time collected CO2 concentration data with the standard inflation trend to analyze whether there is a significant deviation. If the CO2 concentration change trend in the area where a certain flexible sensing unit is located deviates from the standard inflation trend, it indicates that there may be leakage, blockage or other abnormal conditions. In the process of establishing the standard inflation trend and real-time monitoring, it is necessary to control environmental variables such as temperature and humidity to ensure the accuracy and comparability of the data. In practical applications, real-time data can be corrected as needed to eliminate errors caused by environmental factors, sensor drift, etc.

[0074] Similarly, during the deflation process, its change trend can also be analyzed, and whether there is a leak can be determined based on the change trend. In some specific embodiments, the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensor unit is located gradually decreases as the air pressure in the air storage chamber gradually decreases and the space of the interlayer cavity gradually increases, and the standard deflation trend is obtained in advance; when the air storage chamber is currently in a deflation state, refer to the standard deflation trend. If the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensor unit deviates from the standard deflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensor unit is abnormal. When the air storage chamber is in a fully loaded state, the initial value of the carbon dioxide concentration of all flexible sensor units is recorded. The air pressure in the air storage chamber is gradually reduced, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensor unit is located is recorded at the same time. In this process, the space of the interlayer cavity will gradually increase to adapt to the deflation operation. The carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit under different air pressures is recorded to create a relationship curve between air pressure and carbon dioxide concentration, that is, the standard deflation trend. The standard deflation trend is analyzed to determine the expected change pattern of carbon dioxide concentration during normal deflation, which is usually manifested as a trend in which the concentration gradually decreases as the air pressure decreases. During the deflation of the air storage chamber, the carbon dioxide concentration data of each flexible sensing unit is collected in real time. The real-time collected carbon dioxide concentration data is compared with the standard deflation trend to analyze whether there is a significant deviation. If the carbon dioxide concentration change trend of a flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard deflation trend, it indicates that there may be leakage, blockage or other abnormal conditions, or it may be caused by unevenness in the deflation process.

[0075] By comparing with the standard inflation or deflation trend, the flexible sensing units with CO2 concentrations outside the normal range are identified. Any sensing unit that deviates significantly from the standard trend may indicate a leak in the area where it is located. The detected abnormal sensing unit is marked as an "abnormal sensing unit". Among all the abnormal sensing units, further analysis is performed on which units have the most dramatic or abnormal CO2 concentration change trend. Generally, the sensing units near the leak point will show the most obvious concentration changes, and these units will be identified as central sensing units. With each central sensing unit as the center, a preset distance is extended around the surface of the flexible inner membrane to delineate one or more abnormal areas. The selection of the preset distance should be based on leak detection experience, the size of the gas storage cavity, and the characteristics of the flexible inner membrane. In addition, more intensive monitoring of the abnormal area can be carried out, including adding additional sensors or using other detection technologies, such as infrared thermal imaging, acoustic wave detection, etc., to accurately locate the source of the leak.

[0076] When an abnormality is detected, take immediate action, such as stopping deflation, isolating the affected area, and initiating a leak detection program to determine the specific cause and take corrective action. Use leak detection equipment (such as gas detectors, infrared thermal imagers) to accurately locate the leak point, which may require professional technicians to conduct on-site inspections. Assess the severity of the leak, including the leak rate, the amount of leaked gas, and the potential impact on the environment and personnel health. Throughout the process, ensure that all safety regulations are followed to avoid potential health and environmental risks. After the leak is handled, conduct a comprehensive inspection to ensure that the gas storage chamber has returned to normal operating conditions. Regular monitoring data can be used to analyze the health of the gas storage chamber, detect potential structural weaknesses or material aging problems in advance, and prevent failures.

[0077] This embodiment provides a leakage detection method for a carbon dioxide energy storage device. According to the structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane and inner interlayer cavity space of the energy storage device, the flexible sensing unit is arranged, and the intelligent detection of gas leakage in the gas storage cavity is realized according to the law of gas change in the interlayer cavity. The detection accuracy is high and it is suitable for gas leakage detection in large-scale gas storage spaces. Through the intelligent detection system, an early warning can be issued at the early stage of the leakage to avoid greater safety accidents caused by the failure to detect the leakage in time. It can not only significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of leakage detection, but also comprehensively improve the safety, environmental protection and economic benefits of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment proposes a leakage detection system for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, which systematizes the leakage detection method for the carbon dioxide energy storage device in Example 1. The module diagram of the system is shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 The specific plan is as follows:

[0080] A leakage detection system for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, the carbon dioxide energy storage device includes a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, and the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute a sandwich cavity that wraps the gas storage cavity. The shape of the flexible inner membrane changes with the change of the internal air pressure, and the shape of the outer membrane remains relatively unchanged. The cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity, and the cavity space of the sandwich cavity decreases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on one side of the sandwich cavity on the surface of the flexible inner membrane; the system includes:

[0081] The detection unit A1 is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane through various flexible sensing units;

[0082] The calculation unit A2 obtains the current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity when the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, and determines the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table;

[0083] The analysis unit A3 analyzes whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range through the main control module, and analyzes the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located;

[0084] The abnormality determination unit A4, if the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: it is determined that there is leakage in the gas storage chamber, the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit;

[0085] The processing unit A5 is used to divide the abnormal area on the surface of the flexible inner membrane by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and take corresponding processing measures for the abnormal area.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] This embodiment provides a carbon dioxide energy storage device for implementing the leakage detection method of embodiment 1; the specific scheme is as follows:

[0088] A carbon dioxide energy storage device, such as the attached Figure 2 and 3 As shown, including:

[0089] The foundation 1 is provided with a gas exchange port; as the basic supporting structure of the entire device, the foundation 1 carries the flexible inner membrane 2 and the outer membrane 3, and also provides a stable connection with the ground. The gas exchange port is a part of the foundation 1, which is used for gas exchange between the gas storage cavity and the external environment, including inflation and deflation operations.

[0090] The flexible inner membrane 2 is located on the foundation 1 and forms a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide with the foundation 1. The cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity. Figure 2 and 3 As shown in B1.

[0091] The outer membrane 3, the flexible inner membrane 2 and the foundation 1 together form a sandwich cavity that wraps the air storage cavity. Air is distributed in the sandwich cavity. The cavity space of the sandwich cavity decreases as the air pressure in the air storage cavity increases. Figure 2 and 3 As shown in B2 in FIG. 1 , the morphology of the flexible inner membrane changes with the change of the internal air pressure, while the morphology of the outer membrane remains relatively unchanged.

[0092] A plurality of flexible sensing units 4 are distributed on the flexible inner membrane 2 and located on one side of the interlayer cavity, and are used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in each area on the flexible inner membrane 2;

[0093] A gas-liquid conversion device 5 is connected to the liquid storage container 6 and the gas storage chamber, and is used to convert liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide for transport to the gas storage chamber for storage, and to convert gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage chamber into liquid carbon dioxide;

[0094] The main control unit is connected to each flexible sensing unit 4 in communication, and is used to analyze whether there is leakage in the gas storage chamber and the corresponding leakage area according to the concentration data fed back by the flexible sensing unit 4. As the brain of the entire system, the main control unit is responsible for decision-making and control, collecting and analyzing the concentration data from the flexible sensing unit 4, judging whether there is leakage in the gas storage chamber through an algorithm, and determining the leakage area.

[0095] The image unit includes a first image unit 7 located above the flexible inner membrane 2 for obtaining an overall image of the flexible inner membrane 2 and a second image unit 8 located at the side of the flexible inner membrane 2 for obtaining a height image of the flexible inner membrane 2. The first image unit 7 is located above the flexible inner membrane 2 and is used to obtain an overall image of the flexible inner membrane 2, which helps to monitor the integrity and deformation of the flexible inner membrane 2. The second image unit 8 is located at the side of the flexible inner membrane 2 and is used to obtain a height image of the flexible inner membrane 2, which can measure the bulging degree of the flexible inner membrane 2 and is used to evaluate the state of the air storage chamber.

[0096] The carbon dioxide energy storage device of this embodiment coordinates the functions of various components through the main control unit to ensure efficient storage and safe monitoring of carbon dioxide. When a leak is detected, the device can quickly locate the leak area and initiate the corresponding emergency response procedures to reduce the impact of the leak on the environment and ensure system safety. In addition, the data of the image unit can assist in leak detection and provide additional information for analysis and maintenance.

[0097] The present invention proposes a leakage detection method, system and application of a carbon dioxide energy storage device. Aiming at the structural characteristics of the flexible inner membrane and inner interlayer cavity space of the energy storage device, the flexible sensing unit is arranged, and the intelligent detection of gas leakage in the gas storage cavity is realized according to the law of gas change in the interlayer cavity. The detection accuracy is high and it is suitable for gas leakage detection in large-scale gas storage space. Through the intelligent detection system, an early warning can be issued at the early stage of the leakage to avoid greater safety accidents caused by the leakage not being discovered in time. It can not only significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of leakage detection, but also comprehensively improve the safety, environmental protection and economic benefits of the carbon dioxide energy storage system.

[0098] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computer device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0099] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0100] Disclosed above are only several specific implementation scenarios of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leakage detection method for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, wherein the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, and the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute an interlayer cavity wrapping the gas storage cavity, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity; the carbon dioxide concentration in the interlayer cavity gradually increases with the progress of inflation and gradually decreases with the progress of deflation; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on one side of the surface of the flexible inner membrane located at the interlayer cavity; the leakage detection method comprises: Detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane by means of various flexible sensing units; When the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, obtaining the current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity, and determining the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table; The main control module is used to analyze whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range, and analyze the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located; If the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: it is determined that there is leakage in the gas storage cavity, the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit; On the surface of the flexible inner membrane, an abnormal area is divided by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and corresponding treatment measures are taken for the abnormal area; When the air storage chamber is in a static state, it also includes: obtaining an overall image of the flexible inner membrane through a first image unit located above the flexible inner membrane, and obtaining a height image of the flexible inner membrane through a second image unit located on the side of the flexible inner membrane; analyzing the concave and convex areas in the overall image to obtain the deformation degree of the upper surface of the flexible inner membrane, and analyzing the height image to obtain the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane; and judging whether there is an air pressure leakage in the flexible inner membrane according to the deformation degree and / or bulging height.

2. The leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the air storage chamber is currently in a static state: If there is leakage in the gas storage cavity, the air pressure in the interlayer cavity is gradually adjusted to ensure that the sum of the air pressure in the interlayer cavity and the air pressure required to support the inner membrane and its appendages is no greater than the air pressure in the gas storage cavity, so as to reduce the air pressure difference between the gas storage cavity and the interlayer cavity and reduce the leakage tendency of the carbon dioxide concentration while maintaining the gas storage cavity from being collapsed.

3. The leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion is provided at a preset leak-prone location on the surface of the flexible inner membrane, a protective cavity is formed between the protrusion and the flexible inner membrane, and the protective cavity is filled with carbon dioxide; When the inner membrane and / or the outer membrane is deformed or moved, the inner membrane and the outer membrane are spaced apart by the protrusions to reduce the contact between the inner membrane and the outer membrane.

4. The leakage detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Acquire an image of each protrusion through an imaging unit, and determine whether each protrusion has deformation by analyzing the concave-convex area in the image; If a certain protrusion is deformed, it is determined that the carbon dioxide in the protection cavity enters the gas storage cavity, causing the gas pressure in the protection cavity to drop, and leakage occurs at the leak-prone area covered by the protrusion.

5. The leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Acquire in advance the changing trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located gradually increasing when the air pressure in the air storage cavity gradually increases and the interlayer cavity space gradually decreases, and obtain the standard inflation trend; When the gas storage chamber is currently in an inflated state, referring to the standard inflation trend, if the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard inflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensing unit is abnormal.

6. The leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pre-acquire a trend in which the concentration of carbon dioxide in the area where each flexible sensing unit is located gradually decreases as the air pressure in the air storage cavity gradually decreases and the interlayer cavity space gradually increases, and obtain a standard deflation trend; When the gas storage cavity is currently in a deflation state, referring to the standard deflation trend, if the change trend corresponding to a certain flexible sensing unit deviates from the standard deflation trend, it is determined that the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration corresponding to the flexible sensing unit is abnormal.

7. The leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the shape of the gas storage cavity and the position of the gas exchange port in the gas storage cavity, determine the area on the flexible inner membrane that bulges first during the inflation of the gas storage cavity, and use the area as a reference area; A flexible sensing unit is provided at the reference area to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the area, and a second imaging unit is configured on the outer film around the reference area to monitor the bulge height in the area; Dividing the gas storage chamber into several levels based on the maximum gas storage capacity; The comparison table is obtained by recording the concentration range of carbon dioxide and the range of bulge height in the reference area when the gas storage amount is at different levels.

8. A leakage detection system for a carbon dioxide energy storage device, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises a foundation, a flexible inner membrane and an outer membrane, wherein the flexible inner membrane and the foundation constitute a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide, and the flexible inner membrane, the outer membrane and the foundation constitute an interlayer cavity wrapping the gas storage cavity, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases with the increase of the gas pressure in the gas storage cavity; the carbon dioxide concentration in the interlayer cavity gradually increases with the progress of inflation and gradually decreases with the progress of deflation; a plurality of flexible sensing units for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration are distributed on one side of the interlayer cavity on the surface of the flexible inner membrane; the system comprises: A detection unit, used for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in multiple areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane through various flexible sensing units; a calculation unit, which, when the gas storage cavity is in an inflated or deflated state, obtains a current gas storage amount in the gas storage cavity, and determines a concentration range of carbon dioxide in the interlayer cavity corresponding to the gas storage amount based on a preset comparison table; An analysis unit, used to analyze whether the carbon dioxide concentration of each flexible sensor unit exceeds the corresponding concentration range through the main control module, and analyze the change trend of the carbon dioxide concentration in the area where it is located; The abnormality determination unit determines that if the carbon dioxide concentration of one or more flexible sensing units exceeds the corresponding concentration range, or the corresponding change trend is abnormal, then: the gas storage chamber is judged to have leakage, the flexible sensing unit is used as an abnormal sensing unit, and one or more of the abnormal sensing units with the fastest change trend are selected as the central sensing unit; A processing unit, used to divide abnormal areas on the surface of the flexible inner membrane by extending a preset distance around each central flexible sensing unit, and take corresponding processing measures for the abnormal areas; When the air storage chamber is in a static state, it also includes: obtaining an overall image of the flexible inner membrane through a first image unit located above the flexible inner membrane, and obtaining a height image of the flexible inner membrane through a second image unit located on the side of the flexible inner membrane; analyzing the concave and convex areas in the overall image to obtain the deformation degree of the upper surface of the flexible inner membrane, and analyzing the height image to obtain the bulging height of the flexible inner membrane; and judging whether there is an air pressure leakage in the flexible inner membrane according to the deformation degree and / or bulging height.

9. A carbon dioxide energy storage device, characterized in that: Used to implement the leakage detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the carbon dioxide energy storage device comprises: The foundation is provided with a gas exchange port; A flexible inner membrane is located on the foundation and forms a gas storage cavity for storing carbon dioxide with the foundation, wherein the cavity space of the gas storage cavity increases as the gas pressure of the gas storage cavity increases; The outer membrane, together with the flexible inner membrane and the foundation, forms an interlayer cavity wrapping the air storage cavity, air is distributed in the interlayer cavity, and the cavity space of the interlayer cavity decreases as the air pressure of the air storage cavity increases; A gas-liquid conversion device, used to convert liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide for transport to the gas storage chamber for storage, and to convert gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas storage chamber into liquid carbon dioxide; A plurality of flexible sensing units are distributed on the flexible inner membrane and located on one side of the interlayer cavity, and are used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration of each area on the flexible inner membrane; A main control unit, which is communicatively connected to each flexible sensing unit, and is used to analyze whether there is leakage in the gas storage cavity and the corresponding leakage area according to the concentration data fed back by the flexible sensing unit; The imaging unit comprises a first imaging unit located above the flexible inner membrane and used for acquiring an overall image of the flexible inner membrane, and a second imaging unit located at a side of the flexible inner membrane and used for acquiring a height image of the flexible inner membrane.

Images