A method for evaluating building photovoltaic potential based on photovoltaic module installation parameters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters, which relates to the field of solar energy resource assessment and includes the following steps: S1, calculating the solar radiation in the target area; S2, extracting the usable part of the building roof; S3, calculating the photovoltaic panel arrangement data on the building roof; S4, calculating the minimum solar radiation that meets the user's needs; S5, calculating the photovoltaic panel installation position on the building roof that can meet the user's needs in the target area and the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value. During the assessment, the present invention calculates the laying of photovoltaic panels on the roof and the minimum solar radiation threshold for the expected return on investment of the photovoltaic panels, thereby realizing the combination of fast calculation and formula verification, and can effectively improve the reliability of the calculation results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy resource assessment, and in particular to a building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic component installation parameters. Background Art

[0002] Among the newly installed photovoltaic capacity, 48% comes from rooftop photovoltaic power generation systems. Accurately assessing urban rooftop solar energy resources is the basis for improving the development and utilization of solar energy, and can provide basic data and engineering construction guidance for developers and users.

[0003] Judging from the current situation at home and abroad, there are two main methods for evaluating solar radiation on the roofs of urban buildings. One is to directly use high-precision three-dimensional urban building data and meteorological data with a large coverage area to evaluate the urban roof solar radiation in the study area through a variety of existing solar radiation assessment models; the other is to classify the urban buildings, conduct roof solar radiation assessment on a small number of samples of each type of building, and then obtain the solar radiation results of the entire study area through inferential statistics.

[0004] Both methods require calculating the solar radiation results of the roof of a specific building, but existing roof solar radiation assessment models rarely take into account the actual installation conditions of photovoltaic panels.

[0005] In recent years, some studies have analyzed the installation methods of photovoltaic panels, but there is still a lack of consideration of the cost of photovoltaic panels and users' expectations of the return on investment of photovoltaic panels. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to better evaluate the photovoltaic potential of a building, the present application provides a method for evaluating the photovoltaic potential of a building based on photovoltaic component installation parameters.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0008] A method for evaluating building photovoltaic potential based on photovoltaic module installation parameters comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Calculate the solar radiation of the target area;

[0010] S2. Extract the usable part of the building roof, which is the area where photovoltaic panels can be installed;

[0011] S3, calculate the photovoltaic panel arrangement data on the roof of the building;

[0012] S4. Calculate the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs.

[0013] S4 includes the following steps:

[0014] S41. Determine the parameters required for calculation according to the photovoltaic panel model, expected payback period, electricity usage scenario and target area location selected by the user;

[0015] S42. Calculate the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic panel that meets the user's needs according to the calculation formula, and the calculation formula is:

[0016] Em=P÷Y÷[ap1+(1-a)p2]÷S÷η

[0017] In the formula, Em is the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs, P is the installation cost price of a single photovoltaic panel, Y is the expected payback period for users, a is the electricity scenario parameter, which refers to the proportion of the power generated by photovoltaic modules sold in the electricity scenario set by the user, p1 and p2 are the local photovoltaic power generation recovery price and commercial electricity price in the target area, S is the photovoltaic panel area, and η is the efficiency of photovoltaic modules;

[0018] S5. Calculate the installation location of photovoltaic panels on the roof of buildings that can meet user needs and the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value in the target area.

[0019] S5 includes the following steps:

[0020] S51. Calculate the solar radiation per unit area received by each photovoltaic panel;

[0021] S52, removing photovoltaic panels whose average received solar radiation is lower than the minimum solar radiation calculated in S42, to obtain photovoltaic panel arrangement position data that meets user needs;

[0022] S53, eliminating the solar radiation data of the photovoltaic panel arrangement positions that do not meet the user's needs, obtaining the rooftop solar radiation distribution data that meets the user's needs, and calculating the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value according to the efficiency of the photovoltaic components.

[0023] Furthermore, in S1, the solar radiation calculation model and the integrated software tools are used to calculate the solar radiation in the target area based on the annual sunshine using the high-precision DSM data of the target area.

[0024] Furthermore, S2 includes the following steps:

[0025] S21, extracting the top contour of the building according to the collected three-dimensional building data;

[0026] S22. Determine the completely unusable part and the blocked part of the building roof based on the collected three-dimensional building data and the solar radiation result calculated in S1. The completely unusable part includes at least the building roof obstacles and the elevator shaft.

[0027] S23, deleting completely unusable and blocked parts, and determining the usable building top outline;

[0028] S24. Calculate the minimum bounding rectangle of the available building top outline.

[0029] Furthermore, S3 includes the following steps:

[0030] S31, determining the photovoltaic panel installation size according to the photovoltaic panel model selected by the user;

[0031] S32, after determining the main axis direction, fill the photovoltaic panels to the maximum extent within the minimum boundary rectangle of the building top outline along the main axis;

[0032] S33, eliminating photovoltaic panels extending outside the usable building roof, and obtaining photovoltaic panel arrangement data on the building roofs of the target area.

[0033] Furthermore, when determining the installation size of the photovoltaic panel in S31, it is necessary to consider the reserved installation gap and the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0034] Furthermore, in S32, the south direction is taken as the main axis direction.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present invention combines fast calculation and formula verification by calculating the laying conditions of photovoltaic panels on the roof and the minimum solar radiation threshold for the expected payback of photovoltaic panels during evaluation, which can effectively improve the reliability of the calculation results.

[0037] (2) The present invention solves the problem of the actual laying of photovoltaic panels in rooftop solar radiation assessment. It can evaluate the solar radiation of rooftops of buildings worth developing in the target area based on different user choices and the actual situation of the target area, provide theoretical methodological guidance for the actual layout of distributed photovoltaics, and clarify the practical significance of solar radiation resource analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic potential assessment method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel arrangement method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters includes the following steps:

[0043] Calculate the solar radiation in the target area: Use the Area Solar Radiation tool of Arc GIS, a relatively mature professional software, and use the high-precision DSM data of the target area to calculate the solar radiation in the target area. The time configuration is the whole year of 2023. Use the high-precision DSM data of the target area to calculate the solar radiation distribution data received by the target area in 2023.

[0044] Extract the usable part of the building roof (the area where photovoltaic panels can be installed): Based on the collected 3D building data, the roof outline is extracted using machine learning methods.

[0045] Determine the completely unusable and obscured parts of the building roof. The former completely unusable parts include at least the building roof obstacles and elevator shafts. According to the three-dimensional building data, determine the completely unusable parts such as roof obstacles and elevator shafts. According to the calculated solar radiation distribution, determine the obscured parts on the roof. Delete the completely unusable and obscured parts to determine the usable roof outline. Use Python to calculate the minimum bounding rectangle of the usable part of the roof.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic panel layout data on the roof of the building is calculated: according to the photovoltaic panel model selected by the user, the photovoltaic panel installation size is determined based on the reserved installation gap and the photovoltaic panel installation inclination. With the south direction as the main axis, python software is used to fill as many photovoltaic panels as possible inside the minimum bounding rectangle of the roof along the main axis direction. The photovoltaic panels extending outside the roof are removed to obtain the photovoltaic panel layout data on the roof of the building in the target area.

[0047] Calculate the lower limit of solar radiation that meets user needs: First, it is necessary to determine the relevant parameters based on the PV panel model selected by the user, the expected payback period, the electricity usage scenario and the location of the target area. First, determine the PV panel cost, PV panel area and PV module efficiency based on the PV panel model selected by the user. Then, determine the local PV power recovery price and commercial electricity price based on the geographical location of the target area. Then determine the user's expected payback period and determine the electricity usage scenario parameters based on the electricity usage scenario selected by the user.

[0048] The formula for calculating the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs is:

[0049] Em=P / Y / (ap1+(1-a)p2) / S / η

[0050] Where Em is the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs, P is the installation cost price of a single photovoltaic panel, Y is the user's expected payback period, a is the electricity scenario parameter, which refers to the proportion of the power generated by photovoltaic modules sold in the electricity scenario set by the user, p1 and p2 are the local photovoltaic power recovery price and commercial electricity price in the target area, respectively, S is the photovoltaic panel area, and η is the efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0051] Combined with the data calculated by the user's custom settings, the rooftop photovoltaic panel installation locations and corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential values ​​that can meet user needs in the target area are calculated. Use professional software to calculate the solar radiation per unit area received by each photovoltaic panel. Here, the Spatial Analyst (zoning statistics) tool of the professional software Arc GIS is used to calculate the average solar radiation received in each photovoltaic panel installation area using the photovoltaic panel arrangement data that can be installed and the solar radiation data of the target area. Remove the photovoltaic panels whose average solar radiation received is lower than the minimum solar radiation to obtain the photovoltaic panel arrangement location data that meets user needs. Remove the solar radiation data of the photovoltaic panel arrangement positions that do not meet user needs to obtain the rooftop solar radiation distribution data that meets user needs, and calculate the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value based on the efficiency of the photovoltaic modules. The final data only contains the photovoltaic panel arrangement and corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value of the photovoltaic panel that can be installed that can meet the user's payback requirements.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating building photovoltaic potential based on photovoltaic module installation parameters, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Calculate the solar radiation of the target area; S2. Extract the usable part of the building roof, which is the area where photovoltaic panels can be installed; S3, calculate the photovoltaic panel arrangement data on the roof of the building; S4. Calculate the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs. S4 includes the following steps: S41. Determine the parameters required for calculation according to the photovoltaic panel model, expected payback period, electricity usage scenario and target area location selected by the user; S42. Calculate the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic panel that meets the user's needs according to the calculation formula, and the calculation formula is: Em=P÷Y÷[ap1+(1-a)p2]÷S÷η In the formula, Em is the minimum solar radiation value per unit area of ​​photovoltaic panels that meets user needs, P is the installation cost price of a single photovoltaic panel, Y is the expected payback period for users, a is the electricity scenario parameter, which refers to the proportion of the power generated by photovoltaic modules sold in the electricity scenario set by the user, p1 and p2 are the local photovoltaic power generation recovery price and commercial electricity price in the target area, S is the photovoltaic panel area, and η is the efficiency of photovoltaic modules; S5. Calculate the installation location of photovoltaic panels on the roof of buildings that can meet user needs and the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value in the target area. S5 includes the following steps: S51. Calculate the solar radiation per unit area received by each photovoltaic panel; S52, removing photovoltaic panels whose average received solar radiation is lower than the minimum solar radiation calculated in S42, to obtain photovoltaic panel arrangement position data that meets user needs; S53, eliminating the solar radiation data of the photovoltaic panel arrangement positions that do not meet the user's needs, obtaining the rooftop solar radiation distribution data that meets the user's needs, and calculating the corresponding photovoltaic power generation potential value according to the efficiency of the photovoltaic components.

2. A building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the solar radiation calculation model and integrated software tools are used to calculate the solar radiation of the target area based on the annual sunshine and the high-precision DSM data of the target area.

3. The building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 includes the following steps: S21, extracting the top contour of the building according to the collected three-dimensional building data; S22. Determine the completely unusable part and the blocked part of the building roof based on the collected three-dimensional building data and the solar radiation result calculated in S1. The completely unusable part includes at least the building roof obstacles and the elevator shaft. S23, deleting completely unusable and blocked parts, and determining the usable building top outline; S24. Calculate the minimum bounding rectangle of the available building top outline.

4. A building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps in S3 are as follows: S31, determining the photovoltaic panel installation size according to the photovoltaic panel model selected by the user; S32, after determining the main axis direction, fill the photovoltaic panels to the maximum extent within the minimum boundary rectangle of the building top outline along the main axis; S33, eliminating photovoltaic panels extending outside the usable building roof, and obtaining photovoltaic panel arrangement data on the building roofs of the target area.

5. A building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: When determining the installation size of the photovoltaic panel in S31, it is necessary to consider the reserved installation gap and the photovoltaic panel installation inclination angle.

6. A building photovoltaic potential assessment method based on photovoltaic module installation parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S32, the main axis direction is due south.

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