Large bearing surface grinding device and grinding quality detection method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface grinding devices, and in particular to a large-scale bearing surface grinding device and a grinding quality detection method, which includes an electrical control module and a mechanical module, wherein the mechanical module includes a control cabinet, a tool holder, a long-stroke movable track, a suction cup fixture, a plurality of bolts, a plurality of nuts and a power mechanism, wherein the bottoms of the tool holder and the suction cup fixture are both slidably connected to the top of the long-stroke movable track, the power mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the tool holder, and the interior of the suction cup fixture is clamped with a bearing ring; the electrical control module includes a controller with a display screen and buttons. The present invention has the function of adjusting the processing intensity of the bearing ring by the power mechanism in real time, and the central part of the connection between the grinding disc and the main shaft is converted into the radial vibration of the grinding disc, and ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding parallel to the processing surface and perpendicular to the grinding line speed direction can reduce the grinding force between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface grinding devices, and in particular to a large-scale bearing surface grinding device and a grinding quality detection method. Background Art

[0002] As an indispensable precision component in mechanical parts, bearings play the role of supporting and transmitting power during the operation of mechanical equipment. With the rapid development of industry and precision manufacturing, mechanical parts are moving towards high speed and heavy load. Bearings often face problems such as high speed, overload and overtemperature during their service, which makes the service environment of bearings worse, and thus the service life of bearings is greatly reduced.

[0003] The design life of large bearings is generally more than 20 years. However, in recent years, the life of bearings often does not reach the design life. How to improve the service life of bearings has become a key issue that needs to be solved in bearing manufacturing. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the service life of a bearing, the present invention provides a large-scale bearing surface grinding device and a grinding quality detection method.

[0005] The present invention provides a large bearing surface grinding device and a grinding quality detection method using the following technical solutions:

[0006] A large bearing surface grinding device comprises an electrical control module and a mechanical module, wherein the mechanical module comprises a control cabinet, a tool holder, a long-stroke movable track, a suction cup fixture, a plurality of bolts, a plurality of nuts and a power mechanism, wherein the bottoms of the tool holder and the suction cup fixture are both slidably connected to the top of the long-stroke movable track, the power mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the tool holder, and a bearing ring is clamped inside the suction cup fixture; the electrical control module comprises a controller with a display screen and buttons, and the electrical control module also comprises a grinding processing module, a grinding sensing module, a grinding signal processing module and an image recognition module, wherein the grinding processing module, the grinding sensing module, the grinding signal processing module, the image recognition module, the long-stroke movable track, the suction cup fixture and the power mechanism are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the grinding process is controlled in real time through the grinding processing module, grinding perception module, grinding signal processing module, and image recognition module, which is beneficial to enhance the machining accuracy of the bearing ring and improve the service life of the bearing ring.

[0008] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a main shaft, a variable amplitude rod, an outer sleeve and a direct-drive motor, the outer surface of the main shaft includes step surface one, step surface two, step surface three, step surface four, step surface five and step surface six, the step surface one, step surface two, step surface three, step surface four, step surface five and step surface six are linearly arranged from large to small along the central axis of the main shaft, the outer surface of the step surface four is fixedly connected to the interior of the direct-drive motor, and the outer surface of the direct-drive motor is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer sleeve.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution and using a stepped spindle, the machining accuracy is improved, which is conducive to uniformly machining the outer surface of the bearing ring by ultrasonic rolling.

[0010] Preferably, a groove is provided inside the main shaft, and one end of the main shaft and the amplitude rod are fixedly connected to a flange, a corresponding part of the bolts penetrates the inside of the two flanges, each of the nuts is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding bolt, and each of the nuts is clamped to one side of the corresponding flange, and the other end of the amplitude rod is fixedly connected to a transducer and an ultrasonic generator, and the transducer is communicatively connected to the direct-drive motor, the amplitude rod and the transducer are both located inside the groove, and one end of the amplitude rod is threadedly connected to a grinding disc.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the bearing is processed by rolling and grinding the surface of the bearing ring with a grinding disc. As a result, as the cyclic load and operating cycles of the bearing ring increase, the maximum residual compressive stress of the bearing ring and the maximum hardness value of the sub-surface layer increase accordingly, the hardness of the bearing ring surface is improved, and the service life of the bearing ring is improved.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the step surface three and the step surface five are respectively fixedly connected with two angular contact bearings one and two angular contact bearings two, the two angular contact bearings one and the two angular contact bearings two are mounted back to back on the outer surface of the main shaft, the two angular contact bearings one are located inside the outer sleeve, the two sides of the outer sleeve are overlapped with the front cover and the rear cover respectively, the outer surface of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the front cover and the rear cover, the outer surface of the step surface six is ​​connected with a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring and the two angular contact bearings two are located inside the rear cover, the conductive slip ring is communicatively connected to the transducer, and a part of the bolts respectively penetrate the front cover and the rear cover and are threadedly connected to the two sides of the outer sleeve.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, two angular contact bearings 1 are fixed in one direction, and two angular contact bearings 2 are fixed in two directions, which is beneficial to compensate for the pressure on the bearings caused by the elongation of the main shaft due to the increase in temperature.

[0014] Preferably, partition 1 and partition 2 are fixedly connected inside the outer sleeve, one of the angular contact bearing 1 is located on one side of partition 1, and the other angular contact bearing 1 is located between partition 1 and partition 2, through holes are provided on the outer surfaces of partition 1 and partition 2, one side of the direct drive motor is overlapped, and through hole 2 is provided on one side of the rear cover, a liquid outlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the top of the outer sleeve, and a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve, the corresponding pipe openings of the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the angular contact bearing 1, and the corresponding pipe openings of the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the direct drive motor.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, coolant and cooling gas are introduced into the liquid inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe, so as to cool the parts on the main shaft and avoid damage to the parts due to overheating.

[0016] Preferably, the grinding sensing module includes a pressure sensor, a roundness measuring instrument, a surface roughness measuring instrument and an X-ray stress analyzer, and the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer are all communicatively connected to the grinding signal processing module, and the grinding signal processing module is used to calculate the electrical signals transmitted by the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer and obtain the calculation results, and the calculation results include the roundness, roughness, dislocation density and residual stress of the bearing ring.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and monitoring the residual stress of the bearing ring, when the controller calculates that the roundness is insufficient, the roughness is high, and the residual stress is high, the ultrasonic rolling process continues and the grinding wheel continues to grind the surface of the bearing ring; when the controller calculates that the roundness is up to standard, the roughness is qualified, and the residual stress is qualified, the ultrasonic rolling process is stopped, the grinding wheel and the bearing ring stop rotating, and under the control of the controller, the grinding wheel is away from the bearing ring.

[0018] Preferably, the image recognition module is used to obtain a synchronous image after recognizing the calculation result, and the synchronous image includes the grinding cracks and coating of the bearing ring.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the image fully represents the microstructure of the bearing ring, which is convenient for workers to view the grinding process in real time.

[0020] A grinding quality detection method comprises the following operation steps: step A, a controller starts a power mechanism to process a bearing ring; step B, a roundness measuring instrument, a surface roughness measuring instrument and an X-ray stress analyzer detect the bearing ring, and a grinding signal processing module transmits the calculation result to an image recognition module and a controller; step C, after receiving the calculation result, the controller adjusts the processing trajectory of the power mechanism, and the controller controls the height of the tool holder, changes the distance between the grinding disc and the bearing ring, changes the depth of the grinding furrow, adjusts the power of the ultrasonic generator, and increases the dislocation density.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the shape and position accuracy of the bearing ring is optimized, the dislocation density is increased, the hardness of the bearing ring surface is increased, and the processing accuracy of the bearing ring is improved, thereby improving the processing quality of the bearing ring and increasing the service life of the bearing ring.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention processes the surface of the bearing ring through a power mechanism, and the grinding sensing module monitors the processing data of the bearing ring in real time, so that the controller spontaneously adjusts the power of the ultrasonic generator and the amplitude of the power mechanism, thereby adjusting the processing intensity of the bearing ring by the power mechanism in real time. The central part of the grinding disc of the power mechanism connected to the main shaft is converted into radial vibration of the grinding disc. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding parallel to the processing surface and perpendicular to the grinding line speed direction can reduce the grinding force between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece, that is, improve the surface grinding quality of the bearing ring, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the bearing;

[0024] 2. The present invention uses an ultrasonic generator and a grinding disc to perform surface ultrasonic rolling processing under the control of a controller. As the cyclic load and operating cycles of the bearing ring increase, the maximum residual compressive stress of the bearing ring and the maximum hardness value of the subsurface layer increase accordingly, so that the surface of the processed bearing ring is uniformly deformed, thereby refining the grain structure, increasing microscopic grain dislocation, improving the surface integrity of the bearing ring workpiece, and promoting strain hardening of the microstructure of the bearing ring surface, thereby increasing the fatigue life of the bearing ring and improving the service life of the bearing ring;

[0025] 3. The grinding disc and the horn in the present invention are detachably connected by flanges and bolts, and the horn is connected to the main shaft. The connection quality of the connection part between the grinding disc and the horn directly affects the transmission of ultrasonic vibration and the stability of the grinding disc during processing. Through the flange connection, the connection between the grinding disc and the horn is reliable and convenient for the replacement of the grinding disc;

[0026] 4. The present invention is provided with a stepped spindle, and the specifications of step surface one, step surface two, step surface three, step surface four, step surface five and step surface six are determined according to the depth of the ultrasonic vibration part extending into the spindle, the width of angular contact bearing one, angular contact bearing two, direct drive motor and conductive slip ring. Relative to one of the step surfaces, the other step surfaces can be used as transition sections, so that the span of the spindle is larger, thereby improving the rigidity and strength of the spindle, thereby ensuring the processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a large bearing surface grinding device in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of a large bearing surface grinding device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a side view of a large bearing surface grinding device in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along line AA;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure explosion of the power mechanism in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural explosion diagram of the power mechanism in the present invention from the front.

[0033] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Control cabinet; 2. Tool holder; 3. Long-stroke moving track; 4. Suction cup fixture; 5. Spindle; 6. Amplitude transformer; 7. Outer sleeve; 8. Direct drive motor; 9. Transducer; 10. Angular contact bearing 1; 11. Angular contact bearing 2; 12. Grinding disc; 13. Front cover; 14. Rear cover; 15. Conductive slip ring; 16. Electrical signal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0035] Bearings are vital components in friction machinery. Failures caused by surface factors are usually caused by surface stress concentration (such as dents, surface roughness, surface texture and insufficient lubrication, etc.), and rolling contact fatigue is one of its main failure modes. During the rolling or forging process, a large number of rough peaks will form on the surface of the bearing. When the roughness of the bearing surface is large, stress concentration will usually occur in the surface contact area, and the material will be more prone to fatigue failure. In the process of rolling contact fatigue, fatigue failure caused by uneven plastic deformation of the subsurface is a very common problem. The bearing can effectively delay the occurrence of this process during operation, which is beneficial to increase the service life of the bearing.

[0036] The embodiment of the invention discloses a large-scale bearing surface grinding device.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , including an electrical control module and a mechanical module. The mechanical module includes a control cabinet 1, a tool holder 2 (known technology), a large-stroke movable track 3 (known technology), a suction cup fixture 4 (known technology), a plurality of bolts, a plurality of nuts and a power mechanism. The control cabinet 1 is used to install a controller. By operating the buttons on the control cabinet 1, the controller can be operated to control the tool holder 2 and the suction cup fixture 4 to move forward or backward along the length direction of the large-stroke movable track 3. The tool holder 2 adopts a tool holder that can be raised and lowered by itself. Under the operation of the controller, the height of the power mechanism can be changed, thereby changing the distance between the grinding disc 12 and the bearing ring. The bottoms of the tool holder 2 and the suction cup fixture 4 are both slidably connected to the top of the large-stroke movable track 3. The power mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the tool holder 2. When the tool holder 2 moves, the power mechanism is driven to move together, so that the grinding disc 12 moves with the movement of the tool holder 2. The suction cup fixture 4 is internally clamped with a bearing ring The suction cup of the suction cup fixture 4 adopts an electromagnetic suction cup. Under the control of the electrical control module, the suction cup of the suction cup fixture 4 clamps the bearing ring 3 for processing. The bearing ring is made of carburized steel and is made of carburized bearing steel. The suction cup fixture 4 can carry the bearing ring forward or backward along the length direction of the large-stroke movable track 3. The suction cup fixture 4 can also drive the internal bearing ring to rotate under the control of the controller. When the grinding disc 12 is in contact with the bearing ring, the grinding disc 12 can grind the bearing ring; the electrical control module includes a controller with a display screen and buttons, and the electrical control module also includes a grinding processing module, a grinding perception module, a grinding signal processing module and an image recognition module. The grinding processing module, the grinding perception module, the grinding signal processing module, the image recognition module, the large-stroke movable track 3, the suction cup fixture 4 and the power mechanism are all communicated with the controller, and the grinding processing module can control the opening and closing of the power mechanism, the tool holder 2, the large-stroke movable track 3 and the suction cup fixture 4.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6The power mechanism includes a main shaft 5, a variable amplitude rod 6, an outer sleeve 7 and a direct drive motor 8. The outer sleeve 7 is tightly fitted with a front cover 13 and a rear cover 14 to wrap and protect the main shaft 5, the variable amplitude rod 6, the outer sleeve 7, the direct drive motor 8, the transducer 9 and the conductive slip ring 15 and other parts. The outer surface of the main shaft 5 includes a step surface 1, a step surface 2, a step surface 3, a step surface 4, a step surface 5 and a step surface 6. The specifications of the step surface 1, the step surface 2, the step surface 3, the step surface 4, the step surface 5 and the step surface 6 are determined according to the depth of the ultrasonic vibration part extending into the main shaft 5, the width of the angular contact bearing 10, the angular contact bearing 2 11, the direct drive motor 8 and the conductive slip ring 15. At the same time, relative to one of the step surfaces, the other step surfaces can be used as transition sections, so that the larger the span of the main shaft 5, the higher the The rigidity and strength of the main shaft 5 are such that step surface one, step surface two, step surface three, step surface four, step surface five and step surface six are arranged linearly from large to small along the central axis of the main shaft 5. The outer surface of step surface four is fixedly connected to the inside of the direct drive motor 8. The outer surface of the direct drive motor 8 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer sleeve 7. The direct drive motor 8 is directly connected to the main shaft 5, which reduces the energy loss during the transmission process, so that the speed of the direct drive motor 8 is consistent with the speed of the main shaft 5, and high-speed rotation of the main shaft 5 can be achieved. The direct drive motor 8 adopts a brushless motor or an AC motor. The rotor of the direct drive motor 8 is fixedly mounted on the shaft, and the stator of the direct drive motor 8 is fixed to the outer sleeve 7 of the motor. Cooling water is introduced through the liquid inlet pipe to cool the direct drive motor 8, two angular contact bearings 2 11 and part of the main shaft 5.

[0039] Reference Figure 4A groove is provided inside the main shaft 5. One end of the main shaft 5 and the horn 6 are fixedly connected with flanges. A corresponding part of the bolts penetrates the inside of the two flanges. Through the flange connection, the connection between the grinding disc 12 and the horn 6 is reliable and convenient for replacing the grinding disc 12. Each nut is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding bolt, and each nut is clamped on one side of the corresponding flange. The other end of the horn 6 is fixedly connected with a transducer 9 and an ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator changes the duty cycle of the ultrasonic generator output electrical signal 16 by adjusting the power through the controller to achieve the purpose of adjusting the amplitude. The surface ultrasonic rolling processing is performed by the ultrasonic generator and the grinding disc 12 under the control of the controller, which can improve the surface strength / hardness of the bearing ring. The increase of residual compressive stress and refinement of structure are conducive to significantly reducing surface roughness. The transducer 9 is communicatively connected with the direct-drive motor 8. The amplitude transformer 6 and the transducer 9 are both located inside the groove. One end of the amplitude transformer 6 is threadedly connected with a grinding disc 12. The longitudinal vibration and lateral vibration exist simultaneously on the grinding disc 12. The direct-drive motor 8 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate. The ultrasonic generator converts the axial vibration generated by the main shaft 5 into the radial vibration of the grinding disc 12 at the center part where the grinding disc 12 and the main shaft 5 are connected. That is, the longitudinal vibration of the main shaft 5 is converted into the radial vibration of the grinding disc 12. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding parallel to the machining surface and perpendicular to the grinding linear velocity direction can reduce the grinding force between the workpiece and the grinding wheel and improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece, that is, improve the surface grinding quality of the bearing ring.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The outer surfaces of the step surface three and the step surface five are respectively fixedly connected with two angular contact bearings 10 and two angular contact bearings 2 11. For the two angular contact bearings 10 and two angular contact bearings 2 11 installed back to back, the span between the supporting force application points is large, which is beneficial to the overall rigidity improvement of the main shaft 5 system. When the main shaft 5 is heated and elongated, it will not cause the bearings to get stuck. The two angular contact bearings 10 and the two angular contact bearings 2 11 are installed back to back on the outer surface of the main shaft 5. The two angular contact bearings 10 are located inside the outer sleeve 7. The two sides of the outer sleeve 7 are overlapped with the front cover 13 and The outer surfaces of the rear cover 14 and the main shaft 5 are rotatably connected to the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14, and the outer surface of the step surface 6 is connected with a conductive slip ring 15. The conductive slip ring 15 and the two angular contact bearings 11 are both located inside the rear cover 14. The conductive slip ring 15 is communicated with the transducer 9, and some of the bolts penetrate the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14 respectively and are threadedly connected to the two sides of the outer sleeve 7. Both ends of the conductive slip ring 15 are connected with wires. The wire at one end of the conductive slip ring 15 transmits the current to the transducer 9 through the hole at the rear of the main shaft 5, and the wire at the other end of the conductive slip ring 15 is connected to the direct drive motor 8.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 , the interior of the outer sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with a partition 1 and a partition 2, one angular contact bearing 10 is located on one side of the partition 1, and the other angular contact bearing 10 is located between the partition 1 and the partition 2, and the outer surfaces of the partition 1 and the partition 2 are both provided with through holes, one side of the direct drive motor 8 is overlapped, and one side of the rear cover 14 is provided with a through hole 2, the top of the outer sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and the bottom of the outer sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, and the corresponding outlet pipes and inlet pipes are located at the angular contact bearing 10 respectively. The top and bottom of the main shaft 5 are connected by a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, respectively, and the coolant and the cooling gas are introduced into the liquid outlet pipe and the air outlet pipe as the channels for the coolant and the cooling gas to leave. The corresponding air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe have their openings located at the top and the bottom of the direct drive motor 8, respectively. The pressure sensor is installed in the outer sleeve 7. When the main shaft 5 rotates, it can be cooled by the coolant or the cooling gas separately, or the coolant and the cooling gas can be simultaneously input into the outer sleeve 7 for cooling. The controller controls the amount of coolant and cooling gas entering through the electrical signal 16 transmitted by the pressure sensor.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 The grinding sensing module includes a pressure sensor (known technology), a roundness measuring instrument (known technology), a surface roughness measuring instrument (known technology) and an X-ray stress analyzer (known technology). The roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer are all connected to the grinding signal processing module for communication. The grinding signal processing module is used to calculate the electrical signal 16 transmitted by the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer and obtain the calculation results. The calculation results include the roundness, roughness, dislocation density and residual stress of the bearing ring. During the processing, the grinding disc 12 and the bearing ring rotate simultaneously. The grinding wheel 12 grinds the surface of the bearing ring. With the increase of the cyclic load and the number of operation cycles of the bearing ring, the maximum residual compressive stress and the maximum hardness value of the sub-surface layer of the bearing ring increase accordingly. By monitoring the residual stress of the bearing ring, when the controller calculates that the roundness is insufficient, the roughness is high, and the residual stress is high, the ultrasonic rolling process continues, and the grinding wheel 12 continues to grind the surface of the bearing ring; when the controller calculates that the roundness is up to standard, the roughness is qualified, and the residual stress is qualified, the ultrasonic rolling process is stopped, the grinding wheel 12 and the bearing ring stop rotating, and under the control of the controller, the grinding wheel 12 is away from the bearing ring.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 The image recognition module is used to identify the calculation results and obtain a synchronous image. The synchronous image includes the grinding cracks and coating of the bearing ring. The image recognition module can form a synchronous scanning image with the calculation results and display it on the display of the control cabinet 1. For the current processing of the bearing ring, it can fully characterize the microstructure of the bearing ring, which is convenient for workers to view the grinding process in real time.

[0044] Embodiment The implementation principle of a large bearing surface grinding device is as follows:

[0045] 1. The suction cup fixture 4 clamps the bearing ring to be processed, and the controller in the control cabinet is operated. The controller controls the tool holder 2 and the suction cup fixture 4 to move on the large-stroke moving track 3. When processing is required, the outer surface of the grinding disc 12 on the tool holder 2 is controlled to be in contact with the surface of the bearing ring, and then the suction cup fixture 4, the direct drive motor 8 and the ultrasonic generator are controlled to start. The suction cup fixture 4 drives the bearing ring to be processed to rotate, and the direct drive motor 8 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate, and then drives the amplitude rod 6 and the grinding disc 12 to rotate. At this time, the outer surface of the grinding disc 12 is in contact with the surface of the bearing ring, so that the grinding disc 12 introduces the ultrasonic vibration of the axial vibration into the self-rotation grinding, and the bearing ring to be processed is ground; when processing is not required, the controller is operated. , so that the tool holder 2 is controlled to be away from the suction cup fixture 4;

[0046] 2. When the grinding disc 12 needs to be replaced, the controller controls the tool holder 2 to move away from the suction cup fixture 4, and the worker removes the bolts on the two flanges, removes the old grinding disc 12, and then connects the flange of the new grinding disc 12 to the flange of the amplitude transformer 6 through bolts.

[0047] The embodiment of the invention also discloses a grinding quality detection method.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 , including the following operating steps: step A, the controller starts the power mechanism to process the bearing ring; step B, the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer detect the bearing ring, and the grinding signal processing module transmits the calculation result to the image recognition module and the controller; step C, after receiving the calculation result, the controller adjusts the processing trajectory of the power mechanism.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 In step C, the specific operation steps of adjusting the processing trajectory of the power mechanism include: the controller controls the height of the tool holder 2 to change the distance between the grinding disc 12 and the bearing ring, cuts the peaks and fills the valleys, the temperature of the grinding contact area of ​​the bearing ring rises to a certain temperature, and some debris will be in a molten state and adhere to the surface to form a coating. When the ultrasonic generator is started, the grinding disc 12 performs ultrasonic rolling treatment on the surface of the bearing ring. In the grooves generated by the bearing ring processing, the debris generated by the material at the peaks plastically flows and fills into the valleys on the surface of the grooves, thereby improving the microscopic morphology of the bearing ring surface and changing the depth of the grinding furrows. At the same time, the peaks and valleys on the surface of the bearing ring will cause stress concentration. After ultrasonic rolling processing, the peaks are cut and the valleys are filled on the surface of the bearing ring, thereby effectively reducing stress concentration and slowing down the initiation of fatigue cracks at the peaks and valleys.

[0050] Reference Figure 4In step C, the specific operation steps of adjusting the processing trajectory of the power mechanism include: adjusting the power of the ultrasonic generator to increase the dislocation density. Under the action of stress, the surface structure will undergo plastic deformation during the rolling contact fatigue process. The uncoordinated deformation of the fine grain layer and the matrix structure will cause a large number of dislocations to be entangled and blocked in the fine grain layer and at the interface. When the dislocation movement accumulates to a certain extent, voids are formed in the material, leading to crack initiation. By controlling the intensity direction of ultrasonic rolling, the increase in the geometrically necessary dislocation density in the sub-surface structure of the bearing ring is changed. While the geometrically necessary dislocation density increases, the degree of work hardening in the rolling contact fatigue process is reduced, and the grain refinement process inside the bearing ring is also slowed down, thereby improving the fatigue life and the service life of the bearing ring.

[0051] Fatigue fracture includes three stages: crack initiation, crack propagation and fracture. The surface tissue of the bearing ring undergoes plastic deformation under the action of cyclic loads. When the plastic accumulation reaches the fatigue limit of the material, cracks initiate. Ultrasonic rolling reduces fatigue damage accumulation, resists crack initiation, reduces crack propagation rate, and transfers the crack initiation position from the surface to the subsurface by increasing the residual compressive stress and subsurface hardness distributed along the depth direction of the bearing ring, thereby reducing stress concentration on the surface of the bearing ring. Ultrasonic rolling processing of the bearing ring increases the maximum residual compressive stress of the bearing ring, the corresponding depth of the maximum residual compressive stress, the subsurface hardness peak value and its corresponding depth. By reducing the internal fatigue damage accumulation of the material, the initiation of fatigue cracks is inhibited, the crack propagation rate is reduced, the fatigue damage formation position is deepened, and the fatigue life of the bearing ring is increased, thereby improving the service life of the bearing ring. At the same time, because the surface tissue of the bearing ring is processed and strengthened under the processing of ultrasonic rolling, the fatigue crack source is not easy to form on the surface, which is beneficial to the improvement of fatigue life and the service life of the bearing ring.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large bearing surface grinding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrical control module and a mechanical module, wherein the mechanical module comprises a control cabinet (1), a tool holder (2), a long-stroke movable track (3), a suction cup fixture (4) and a power mechanism, wherein the bottoms of the tool holder (2) and the suction cup fixture (4) are both slidably connected to the top of the long-stroke movable track (3), the power mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the tool holder (2), and a bearing ring is clamped inside the suction cup fixture (4); The electrical control module comprises a controller with a display screen and buttons, and the electrical control module also comprises a grinding processing module, a grinding sensing module, a grinding signal processing module and an image recognition module, wherein the grinding processing module, the grinding sensing module, the grinding signal processing module, the image recognition module, the long-stroke moving track (3), the suction cup fixture (4) and the power mechanism are all connected to the controller in communication; The grinding processing module can control the opening and closing of the power mechanism, the tool holder (2), the large-stroke moving track (3) and the suction cup clamp (4); the grinding sensing module includes a pressure sensor, a roundness measuring instrument, a surface roughness measuring instrument and an X-ray stress analyzer, and the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer can respectively detect the bearing ring; the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer are all connected to the grinding signal processing module for communication, and the grinding signal processing module is used to calculate the electrical signal (16) transmitted by the roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer and obtain the calculation result, and the calculation result includes the roundness, roughness, dislocation density and residual stress of the bearing ring; the grinding signal processing module transmits the calculation result to the image recognition module and the controller; the image recognition module is used to obtain a synchronous image after identifying the calculation result, and the synchronous image includes the grinding crack and coating of the bearing ring; The power mechanism comprises a main shaft (5), a variable amplitude rod (6), an outer sleeve (7) and a direct drive motor (8); the outer surface of the main shaft (5) comprises a step surface 1, a step surface 2, a step surface 3, a step surface 4, a step surface 5 and a step surface 6; the step surface 1, the step surface 2, the step surface 3, the step surface 4, the step surface 5 and the step surface 6 are linearly arranged from large to small along the central axis of the main shaft (5); the outer surface of the step surface 4 is fixedly connected to the inside of the direct drive motor (8); the outer surface of the direct drive motor (8) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer sleeve (7); the pressure sensor is installed in the outer sleeve (7); when the main shaft (5) rotates, the controller controls the amount of coolant and cooling gas entering through the electrical signal (16) transmitted by the pressure sensor; the step surface 1 is located at the lowermost end of the main shaft (5), and the variable amplitude rod (6) is installed below the step surface 1.

2. A large bearing surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided inside the main shaft (5); one end of the main shaft (5) and the amplitude rod (6) are fixedly connected to flanges; a plurality of bolts are inserted into the interior of the two flanges; a plurality of nuts are respectively threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the corresponding bolts; each nut is clamped on one side of the corresponding flange; the other end of the amplitude rod (6) is fixedly connected to a transducer (9) and an ultrasonic generator; the transducer (9) is communicatively connected to the direct drive motor (8); the amplitude rod (6) and the transducer (9) are both located inside the groove; one end of the amplitude rod (6) is threadedly connected to a grinding disc (12).

3. A large bearing surface grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the step surface three and the step surface five are respectively fixedly connected with two angular contact bearings one (10) and two angular contact bearings two (11). The two angular contact bearings one (10) and the two angular contact bearings two (11) are mounted back to back on the outer surface of the main shaft (5). The two angular contact bearings one (10) are located inside the outer sleeve (7). The two sides of the outer sleeve (7) are overlapped with a front cover (13) and a rear cover (14). The outer surface of the main shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the inside of the front cover (13) and the rear cover (14). The outer surface of the step surface six is ​​connected with a conductive slip ring (15). The conductive slip ring (15) and the two angular contact bearings two (11) are both located inside the rear cover (14). The conductive slip ring (15) is connected to the transducer (9) in communication. A plurality of bolts are used to penetrate the front cover (13) and the rear cover (14) and are threadedly connected to the two sides of the outer sleeve (7).

4. A large bearing surface grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (7) is internally fixedly connected with partition 1 and partition 2, one of the angular contact bearings 1 (10) is located on one side of partition 1, and the other angular contact bearing 1 (10) is located between partition 1 and partition 2, the outer surfaces of partition 1 and partition 2 are both provided with through holes, one side of the direct drive motor (8) is overlapped on partition 2, and one side of the rear cover (14) is provided with through hole 2, the top of the outer sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and the bottom of the outer sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, the corresponding pipe openings of the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the angular contact bearing 1 (10), and the corresponding pipe openings of the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the direct drive motor (8).

5. A grinding quality detection method, characterized in that: The quality inspection is performed using the large-scale bearing surface grinding device described in claim 4, comprising the following specific operating steps: Step A: The controller starts the power mechanism to process the bearing ring; Step B: The roundness measuring instrument, the surface roughness measuring instrument and the X-ray stress analyzer detect the bearing ring, and the grinding signal processing module transmits the calculation results to the image recognition module and the controller; Step C: After receiving the calculation result, the controller adjusts the processing trajectory of the power mechanism.

6. A grinding quality detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step C, the specific operation steps of adjusting the processing trajectory of the power mechanism include: The controller controls and adjusts the height of the tool holder (2), changes the distance between the grinding disc (12) and the bearing ring, cuts peaks and fills valleys, and changes the depth of the grinding furrows.

7. A grinding quality detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step C, the specific operation steps of adjusting the processing trajectory of the power mechanism include: Adjust the power of the ultrasonic generator to increase the dislocation density.

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