Ground maintenance system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ground maintenance system, which relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance and guarantee. The ground maintenance system includes: a movable vehicle, a device cavity is defined in the movable vehicle, and the movable vehicle also includes a charging interface, a fluid interface and an air interface; an external charging module is connected to the charging interface; a refrigerant circuit; an off-body air delivery pipeline is connected to the air interface, and is used to deliver air to the vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; a thermal management module is connected to the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and fills into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is connected to the fluid interface, and is used to communicate with the battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and fills into the battery cavity. The present invention can provide thermal management functions for both the battery pack and the external charging module itself.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance and protection, and in particular to a ground maintenance and protection system. Background Art

[0002] For new energy vehicles, eVTOL (Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing), new energy ships and other means of transportation that use electricity as the main power source, they can be charged, battery thermal management and other maintenance and support operations can be performed through ground service equipment before operation.

[0003] However, in the related art, when the ground service equipment is performing fast charging and battery thermal management on the battery pack of the vehicle, the power devices of the battery pack and the charging module itself in the ground service equipment will generate a large amount of heat, thereby affecting the maintenance efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a ground maintenance system, which aims to solve the technical problem in the related art that the efficiency of ground service equipment in the process of fast charging and battery thermal management of vehicle battery packs needs to be improved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes a ground maintenance system, which includes:

[0006] A movable carrier, wherein a device cavity is defined in the movable carrier, and the movable carrier further comprises a charging interface, a fluid interface, and an air interface;

[0007] An external charging module, which is disposed in the device cavity and connected to the charging interface;

[0008] A cold and hot source module, the cold and hot source module is disposed in the movable carrier, and the cold and hot source module defines a refrigerant circuit;

[0009] An off-body air delivery pipeline, which is disposed on a movable vehicle and is in communication with an air interface, and is used to deliver air to a vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit exchanges heat with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; and

[0010] A thermal management module, the thermal management module is arranged on a movable carrier, the thermal management module is connected with the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and fills into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is connected with the fluid interface, and is used to be connected with the battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch when the fluid interface is connected to the vehicle, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and fills into the battery cavity; wherein the refrigerant also performs heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid;

[0011] The energy storage module is arranged on a movable carrier, and the cold and heat source module, the external charging module and the thermal management module are all connected to the energy storage module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant branch and a second refrigerant branch connected in parallel, the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid.

[0013] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes:

[0014] An air heat exchanger, wherein a first side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the first refrigerant branch, and a second side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the off-body air delivery pipeline, and is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline;

[0015] A fluid heat exchanger, wherein the first side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the second refrigerant branch, and the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the thermal management module, and is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch and the insulating heat exchange fluid in the thermal management module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thermal management module includes a main circuit, the main circuit includes a medium storage box and a pump connected through a pipeline, the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the main circuit and connected to an outlet of the pump through the pipeline, and the medium storage box stores an insulating heat exchange fluid;

[0017] Among them, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

[0018] In one embodiment, when the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series to the main circuit in sequence.

[0019] In one embodiment, the thermal management module further includes a gas-filling and fluid-exchanging component;

[0020] The gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is connected to the battery heat exchange branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the battery cavity; and / or, the gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is connected to the device heat exchange branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid from the device cavity;

[0021] The non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride.

[0022] In one embodiment, the gas-inflating and liquid-exchanging assembly includes a gas-inflating branch circuit, and the gas-inflating branch circuit includes a gas storage device and a gas circuit valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline;

[0023] The output end of the gas-charging branch is connected to the medium pump outlet pipe of the fluid heat exchanger, and a switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the fluid heat exchanger and the output end of the gas-charging branch;

[0024] The gas line valve is a pressure reducing valve.

[0025] In one embodiment, the air heat exchanger and the fluid heat exchanger are both direct evaporation refrigeration cycle devices or semiconductor refrigeration devices; and / or

[0026] The ground maintenance system also includes a first positive temperature coefficient PTC heater and a second PTC heater, the first PTC heater is arranged at the air heat exchanger, and the second PTC heater is arranged at the fluid heat exchanger; or, the cold and heat source module is a heat pump system, and the heat pump system switches between cooling mode and heating mode.

[0027] In one embodiment, the thermal management module includes:

[0028] A first thermal management submodule, the first thermal management submodule is connected to a device heat exchange branch;

[0029] The second thermal management submodule is connected to the battery heat exchange branch.

[0030] In one embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid is made of deionized water, electronic fluorinated liquid, hydrocarbons, esters or silicone oils.

[0031] In one embodiment, the movable carrier includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes:

[0032] A charging gun head, the charging gun head has a fluid interface and a charging interface;

[0033] A charging gun cable, the charging gun cable is connected to the charging gun head, a wire core and a fluid pipeline are arranged inside the charging gun cable, one end of the wire core is connected to the charging interface, the other end of the wire core is connected to the external charging module, one end of the fluid pipeline is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid pipeline is connected to the thermal management module.

[0034] In one embodiment, the charging gun cable includes:

[0035] A protective layer, wherein a cable cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the protective layer; wherein the wire core is arranged in the cable cavity, and a gap is formed between any two wire cores and between the wire core and the protective layer;

[0036] A cable phase change module is filled in the gap, and at least one fluid conduit extending along the wiring direction and penetrating the charging gun cable is defined in the cable phase change module.

[0037] In one embodiment, there are at least two fluid interfaces;

[0038] At least two fluid pipelines are arranged in the cable phase change module, the fluid pipelines are connected to the fluid interface, and two fluid pipelines in the at least two fluid pipelines form a group, one of the fluid pipelines in a group is a liquid inlet pipe, and the other is a liquid outlet pipe;

[0039] The cable phase change module includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the first sub-phase change filling bodies have a first through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies in the plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the first through hole to form a liquid inlet pipe;

[0040] A liquid outlet pipe with a pipe structure is arranged in the cable phase change module.

[0041] In one embodiment, the liquid outlet pipe is made of a polymer thermal insulation material.

[0042] In one embodiment, the charging gun head includes:

[0043] A gun head body, one end of which is connected to the charging gun cable; the gun head body has a liquid inlet cooling cavity and a liquid outlet cooling cavity, at least one fluid interface is connected to the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and at least one fluid interface is connected to the liquid outlet cooling cavity; and

[0044] A plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled, wherein a portion of each first charging terminal to be cooled is disposed in the liquid inlet cooling cavity or the liquid outlet cooling cavity and connected to the corresponding wire core, and another portion of each first charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the gun head body;

[0045] Wherein, the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling cavity.

[0046] In one embodiment, the gun head body comprises:

[0047] A gun head shell, one axial end of the gun head shell is connected to the charging gun cable, a receiving groove is provided on the end surface of the other axial end of the gun head shell, and at least one shell pressure relief port is provided on the groove wall of the receiving groove, and a shell liquid inlet channel respectively connected to the receiving groove and the liquid inlet pipe, a shell liquid outlet channel respectively connected to the receiving groove and the liquid outlet pipe, and a shell pressure relief channel connected to the shell pressure relief port are defined in the gun head shell;

[0048] The gun head inner core is movably arranged in the receiving groove along the axial direction of the gun head outer shell, at least one inner core pressure relief port is provided on the side wall of the gun head inner core opposite to the outer shell pressure relief port, the number of the inner core pressure relief ports is consistent with that of the outer shell pressure relief ports and they correspond to each other one by one, a liquid inlet cooling cavity and a liquid outlet cooling cavity are defined in the gun head inner core, the liquid inlet cooling cavity is sealed and movably connected to the outer shell liquid inlet channel, the outer shell liquid outlet channel is sealed and movably connected to the liquid outlet cooling cavity, the inner core pressure relief port is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity and / or the liquid outlet cooling cavity, and the gun head inner core has a communication position where each inner core pressure relief port is opposite to and communicated with the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port; and

[0049] The first elastic member is arranged in the accommodating groove, and the first elastic member usually drives the inner core of the gun head away from the connecting position.

[0050] In one embodiment, the connecting position is the end position of the travel of the gun tip inner core in the receiving groove, moving toward the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the first elastic member often drives the gun tip inner core away from the connecting position in the direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove.

[0051] In one embodiment, a shell pressure relief port is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove, and an inner core pressure relief port is provided at a position where the inner core outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the gun head matches the side wall of the receiving groove.

[0052] In one embodiment, the gun head body further comprises:

[0053] A gripping member, the gripping member is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell, the gripping member is provided with a handle pressure relief port, the portion of the gripping member close to the other axial end extends into the receiving groove and is provided with a shell pressure relief port, an intermediate pressure relief channel is defined in the gripping member, and the intermediate pressure relief channel is connected to both the shell pressure relief port and the handle pressure relief port;

[0054] Wherein, the handle pressure relief port is communicated with the shell pressure relief channel.

[0055] In one embodiment, a portion of the surface of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core is recessed to form a handle slide groove, the handle slide groove extends along the axial direction of the gun head shell to the axial ends of the gun head inner core, and the groove wall of the handle slide groove is provided with an inner core pressure relief port;

[0056] The portion of the gripping member close to the other axial end extends into the receiving groove and is bent and extended toward the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove to form a sliding portion, and the sliding portion can be slidably assembled in the handle sliding groove.

[0057] In one embodiment, the groove side wall of the receiving groove has a matching area that matches with the sliding portion;

[0058] A shell pressure relief port is provided on a side wall of the sliding part away from the matching area, and an inner core pressure relief port is provided on a groove wall of the handle sliding groove facing the matching area.

[0059] In one embodiment, an end surface of the inner core of the gun head facing away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove includes a standard charging interface area and an expansion area, and the expansion area is provided with a fluid interface;

[0060] All first charging terminals to be cooled include a plurality of standard charging terminals, and all standard charging terminals are arranged in a standard charging interface area.

[0061] In one embodiment, the plurality of cores include at least two low-voltage emergency charging cores;

[0062] The charging gun head also includes at least two low-voltage emergency power supply terminals. All low-voltage emergency power supply terminals are arranged in the extension area, and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals extend into the inner core of the gun head and are connected to the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging line core.

[0063] In one embodiment, the expansion area includes a first expansion area and a second expansion area, and the first expansion area and the second expansion area are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the standard charging interface area;

[0064] At least a portion of the liquid inlet cooling cavity is directly opposite to the first expansion area, and at least a portion of the liquid outlet cooling cavity is directly opposite to the second expansion area;

[0065] Among them, a part of all low-voltage emergency power supply terminals and the fluid interface corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe are arranged in the first expansion area, and another part of all low-voltage emergency power supply terminals and the fluid interface corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe are arranged in the second expansion area.

[0066] In one embodiment, a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the inner core of the gun head, a first end of the pressure relief three-way channel is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling chamber, a second end of the pressure relief three-way channel is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling chamber, and a third end of the pressure relief three-way channel is communicated with an inner core pressure relief port;

[0067] The charging gun head also includes two pressure relief valves, one pressure relief valve is arranged at the first end, and the other pressure relief valve is arranged at the second end.

[0068] In one embodiment, the gun head inner core further defines a first standard cavity and a second standard cavity. On a radial plane of the gun head inner core, the first standard cavity, the liquid outlet cooling cavity, the second standard cavity and the liquid inlet cooling cavity are sequentially distributed along the circumference of the gun head inner core; wherein the first partial area of ​​the standard charging interface area is opposite to the first standard cavity, the second partial area of ​​the standard charging interface area is opposite to the liquid outlet cooling cavity, the third partial area of ​​the standard charging interface area is opposite to the second standard cavity, and the fourth partial area of ​​the standard charging interface area is opposite to the liquid inlet cooling cavity;

[0069] The high-voltage DC positive terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power positive terminal in the multiple standard charging terminals are all arranged in the fourth part area, and are all connected to the corresponding wire core in the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and the high-voltage DC negative terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power negative terminal in the multiple standard charging terminals are all arranged in the second part area, and are all connected to the corresponding wire core in the liquid outlet cooling cavity;

[0070] The charging gun head also includes a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, a first charging connection terminal, a second charging connection terminal and a ground terminal. The first communication terminal, the second communication terminal, the first charging connection terminal and the second charging connection terminal are all arranged in the first partial area; the ground terminal is arranged in the third partial area; wherein, an inner core pressure relief port is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the inner core of the gun head at the first standard cavity, and a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the first standard cavity.

[0071] In one embodiment, a wiring cavity is further defined in the gun head shell, and the wiring cavity is disposed between the receiving groove and one axial end of the gun head shell;

[0072] The charging gun head also includes:

[0073] A plurality of detection elements, wherein the detection elements are arranged in the inner core of the gun head or in the outer shell of the gun head;

[0074] A control module, which is arranged in the wiring cavity, is respectively connected to each detection element for communication, and has a plurality of status indicator lights;

[0075] An operating member, which is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell, and part of the operating member passes through the outer peripheral wall of the shell and extends into the wiring cavity to be connected with the control module; the operating member includes a touch screen and / or a control button;

[0076] Among them, a plurality of lamp mounting holes are opened on the outer peripheral wall of the shell, and the lamp mounting holes are connected with the wiring cavity. The number of the plurality of lamp mounting holes is consistent with the number of the plurality of status indicator lights and corresponds to each other one by one, so that each status indicator light extends into the corresponding lamp mounting hole and emerges from the corresponding lamp mounting hole.

[0077] In one embodiment, one end of the shell pressure relief channel extends to the end surface of one axial end, and the other end of the shell pressure relief channel is connected to the wiring cavity;

[0078] The portion of the gripping piece close to one axial end penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the housing to extend into the wiring cavity, and a handle pressure relief port is provided on the end surface of the portion of the gripping piece close to one axial end;

[0079] The charging gun head also includes a connecting tube, which is arranged in the wiring cavity, and the handle pressure relief port is connected to the shell pressure relief channel through the connecting tube.

[0080] In one embodiment, a plurality of channel openings are formed on the bottom wall of the receiving groove; a portion of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the liquid inlet channel of the housing, and another portion of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the liquid outlet channel of the housing;

[0081] The gun head body also includes at least two pipe joints, which are protrudingly arranged on an end surface of the gun head inner core facing the bottom wall of the groove, at least part of the two pipe joints are connected to the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and the other part of the two pipe joints are connected to the liquid outlet cooling cavity, and the pipe joint includes a plurality of tapered portions connected in sequence along the protruding direction of the pipe joint, and the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases in the protruding direction;

[0082] Among them, the pipe joint is suitable for being inserted into the corresponding liquid inlet channel or liquid outlet channel of the shell from the channel opening, and the tapered portion is interference fit with the liquid inlet channel or liquid outlet channel of the shell, so that the liquid inlet cooling cavity is sealed and movably connected with the liquid inlet channel of the shell, and the liquid outlet cooling cavity is sealed and movably connected with the liquid outlet channel of the shell.

[0083] In one embodiment, the first elastic member is a compression spring, and the compression spring is arranged between an end surface of the inner core of the gun head facing the bottom wall of the groove and the bottom wall of the groove of the accommodating groove; and / or

[0084] The first elastic member includes a plurality of first elastic members.

[0085] In one embodiment, a pressure relief reflux channel extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the charging gun cable, and the pressure relief reflux channel is respectively connected to the housing pressure relief channel and the thermal management module.

[0086] In one embodiment, the gun head housing further comprises:

[0087] A first matching structure is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head housing and is used to detachably match with a second matching structure of a charging socket of a vehicle, and the second matching structure is provided on the radial outer side of the charging socket;

[0088] The third matching structure is arranged at the receiving groove of the gun head shell, and is used to detachably match with the fourth matching structure of the charging socket, and the fourth matching structure is arranged at the plug-in groove of the charging socket.

[0089] In one embodiment, the second matching structure defines a groove, the first matching structure is configured as a buckle, the buckle is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the housing, and the buckle is suitable for hooking in the groove.

[0090] In one embodiment, the third matching structure is configured as a locking hole provided on the outer peripheral wall of the housing, and the locking hole is communicated with the receiving groove;

[0091] Wherein, the fourth coordination structure includes:

[0092] A lock tongue, the lock tongue is arranged in the plug-in slot, and the lock tongue is configured to be movable between an extended position and an avoidance position, in which the lock tongue is adapted to extend into the lock hole, and in which the lock tongue avoids the gun head housing, the lock tongue comprises a first matching hole and a second matching hole which are sequentially opened and communicated with each other in a direction from a radial inner side to a radial outer side of the plug-in slot, and in a width direction of the lock tongue, a size of the first matching hole is smaller than a size of the second matching hole;

[0093] The seat body is arranged in the plug-in slot, a side wall of the seat body facing the opening of the plug-in slot is provided with a rod movable hole, and the seat body is also provided with a lock tongue movable hole. When the inner core of the gun head is plugged into the plug-in slot, the lock tongue movable hole and the lock hole face each other, and the seat body is also defined with a component accommodating cavity which is respectively connected with the rod movable hole and the lock tongue movable hole; wherein the lock tongue can be slidably assembled in the lock tongue movable hole;

[0094] A limit rod, the limit rod is movably arranged in the rod movable hole along the depth direction of the plug-in slot, and one end of the limit rod extends from the rod movable hole to protrude from a side wall of the seat body facing the opening of the plug-in slot. In the insertion direction of the plug-in slot, the limit rod includes a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion arranged in sequence, the outer diameter of the large diameter portion is larger than the outer diameter of the small diameter portion, and the limit rod has a limit position and a trigger position. In the limit position, the large diameter portion is matched with the second matching hole, and in the trigger position, the small diameter portion is matched with the first matching hole;

[0095] A second elastic member, the second elastic member is disposed in the component receiving groove, and the second elastic member usually drives the locking tongue to move toward the extended position;

[0096] The third elastic member is arranged in the component accommodating groove, and the third elastic member often drives the limiting rod to move toward the trigger position.

[0097] In one embodiment, a charging gun head further defines a gun head cooling cavity and a fluid flow channel, one end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid pipeline;

[0098] The charging gun also includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, which is arranged in the cooling cavity of the gun head and connected to the corresponding wire core, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the charging gun head;

[0099] A first cable cooling channel and a second cable cooling channel are also defined in the charging gun cable, and one end of the first cable cooling channel and one end of the second cable cooling channel are both connected to the gun head cooling cavity;

[0100] The other end of the first cable cooling channel is communicated with the thermal management module, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel is communicated with the device cavity, so that the first cable cooling channel and the second cable cooling channel are connected in the device heat exchange branch.

[0101] In one embodiment, the first cable cooling channel is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube, the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal tube is b, and b satisfies: 0.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1 mm; and / or

[0102] The cable phase change module also includes a plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the second sub-phase change filling bodies have second through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies in the plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the second through holes to form a second cable cooling channel.

[0103] In one embodiment, the cable phase change module is made of a solid-solid phase change material.

[0104] In one embodiment, the energy storage module includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the specifications of the detachable batteries are consistent with those of the battery pack in the battery cavity.

[0105] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes an electric energy driving module, which is disposed on the movable vehicle and is used to drive the movable vehicle to move;

[0106] Wherein, the energy storage module is connected to the electric energy driving module.

[0107] In the technical solution of the present invention, the thermal management module is not only connected to the device cavity where the charging power device is installed to form a device heat exchange branch, but also can be connected to the battery cavity in the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch, so that in the process of charging the vehicle, the charging power device in the device cavity can be immersed in cooling through the insulating heat exchange fluid, and the battery cells in the battery pack can also be immersed in cooling, thereby providing thermal management function for the battery pack and the external charging module itself, so as to support higher power charging, thereby further improving the fast charging speed.

[0108] In addition, the ground maintenance system that is separate from the vehicle includes a refrigerant circuit, an off-body air delivery pipeline, and a thermal management module in addition to the external charging module, wherein the refrigerant circuit not only exchanges heat with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline, but also exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module. In this way, during the maintenance of the vehicle, the ground maintenance system has the functions of charging, cabin environmental control, and battery thermal management, so that during the charging process of the vehicle, the temperature of the immersed battery module in the vehicle can be pre-adjusted to improve the charging efficiency, and the cabin temperature can be adjusted in advance by the air conditioning outlet reaching the expected temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption during the operation of the vehicle and improving the energy utilization efficiency and system integration of the ground maintenance system.

[0109] In addition, the insulating heat exchange fluid can also perform immersion cooling on the wire core and charging terminals. Compared with air cooling and liquid cooling, the heat dissipation area is larger and the heat dissipation effect is better. Therefore, the ground maintenance system can support a greater charging power.

[0110] In addition, the filler of the charging gun cable is constructed as a cable filling module made of phase change material, and a fluid pipeline for the circulation of insulating heat exchange fluid is also provided in the cable phase change module. In the process of the insulating heat exchange fluid flowing through the fluid pipeline, the insulating heat exchange fluid can cool the cable phase change module, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module, so that the cable phase change module can absorb more heat dissipated by the core. That is, under the same cross-sectional area, the temperature rise of the charging gun cable is smaller. In this way, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun is determined, that is, the heat generation is determined, the cooling purpose of the charging gun cable can be achieved by a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable and reducing the weight of the charging gun cable. In other words, charging gun cables with the same outer diameter or weight can support higher power charging.

[0111] In addition, the phase change material of the charging gun cable is arranged in segments, which significantly reduces the weight of the cable.

[0112] In addition, the charging gun head includes a gun head shell and a gun head inner core. The gun head inner core is movable in the receiving groove of the gun head shell along the axial direction of the gun head shell, and when the gun head inner core is plugged into the charging socket, the gun head inner core is forced to move to the designed connection position. At this time, each inner core pressure relief port on the gun head inner core is respectively opposite to the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port and is connected to each other, so that the outer shell pressure relief channel in the gun head outer shell is connected to the inner core pressure relief port. As a result, the pressure relief channel in the charging gun head is adjustable for opening and closing. When it is not plugged into the charging socket, the outer shell pressure relief port and the inner core pressure relief port are misaligned, and the pressure relief channel is not connected. In this way, when the air tightness test is performed on the ground on the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid flows, such as the liquid inlet cooling cavity and the liquid outlet cooling cavity in the charging gun head, the test error caused by the connection of the pressure relief channel can be avoided.

[0113] In addition, a low-voltage emergency power terminal is added to the charging gun head, which can avoid high-voltage power-on in scenarios where the main power supply is not required, such as ground debugging or fault diagnosis, and reduce system risks. In addition, both the charging socket and the charging gun head are compatible with the current standard charging interface, which increases the applicability of the system.

[0114] In addition, the electric drive module that drives the movable vehicle and the external charging module that charges the battery pack of the vehicle are both connected to the energy storage module, so that the electric energy used by both is provided by the energy storage module, reducing the cost of the ground maintenance system. The removable battery in the energy storage module is consistent with the specifications of the vehicle battery pack. When the vehicle needs to replace the battery pack, the removable battery on the ground maintenance system can be directly replaced on the vehicle as a spare part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0115] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0116] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection between the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL provided by the present invention;

[0117] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit of a ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0118] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the flow of insulating heat exchange fluid in a thermal management module in an embodiment of a ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0119] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flow of insulating heat exchange fluid in a thermal management module in another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0120] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0121] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a thermal management module in another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention; wherein the device heat exchange branch is connected in series with the battery heat exchange branch;

[0122] Figure 7 A circuit diagram of another embodiment of the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0123] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the series and parallel connection of the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0124] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a charging gun cable in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0125] Fig.10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a charging gun cable in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0126] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gun head main body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0127] Fig.12 A schematic cross-sectional view of a gun head body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0128] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a handle in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0129] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the connection between the handle and the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0130] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the chamber distribution of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention; wherein the inner core of the gun head defines a liquid outlet cooling cavity and a liquid inlet cooling cavity;

[0131] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the chamber distribution of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention; wherein the inner core of the gun head defines a gun head cooling cavity;

[0132] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the structure of the inner core of the gun head in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0133] Fig.18 for Fig.17 BB view;

[0134] Fig.19 for Fig.17 AA view;

[0135] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the gun head body in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0136] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the connection between the gun head body and the charging socket in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0137] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the end face of the charging socket;

[0138] Fig.23is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a charging socket;

[0139] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lock tongue in the charging socket;

[0140] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of the connection between the energy storage module and other functional modules in the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention;

[0141] Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a vehicle for the ground maintenance system provided by the present invention; wherein the movable vehicle is a ground handling vehicle.

[0142] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0143] 10. eVTOL; 12. Immersed battery module; 12A. battery cavity; 122. battery cell; 17. charging socket; 171. plug slot; 172. standard DC charging interface; 173. machine-end interface; 174a. first extended matching area; 174b. second extended matching area; 175. snap hook; 176. seat; 1761. component accommodating cavity; 177. limit rod; 1771. small diameter portion; 1772. large diameter portion; 178. locking tongue; 1781. second matching hole; 1782. first matching hole; 1791. third elastic member; 1792. second elastic member; 100. movable carrier; 110. device cavity; 1111. first device hole; 1112. second device hole; 112. Fluid interface; 200, refrigerant circuit; 200a, main line; 200b, first refrigerant branch; 200c, second refrigerant branch; 201, first heat exchanger; 202, compressor; 203, air heat exchanger; 204, fluid heat exchanger; 204a, first fluid heat exchanger; 204b, second fluid heat exchanger; 205, second fan; 207, first throttling component; 208, second throttling component; 209, first PTC heater; 2041, medium pump outlet pipe; 300, off-body air delivery pipeline; 310, first fan; 320, air purification component; 400, external charging module; 410, charging power device; 500, thermal management module; 501, device heat exchange branch; 502, battery Heat exchange branch; 503, insulated heat exchange fluid; 504, first three-way pipe; 505, second three-way pipe; 500a, first thermal management submodule; 500b, second thermal management submodule; 510, medium storage box; 511, medium return pipe; 520, pump; 510a, first sub-medium storage box; 520a, first sub-pump; 510b, second sub-medium storage box; 520b, second sub-pump; 530, charging branch; 531, gas storage device; 532, gas circuit valve; 610, charging gun head; 611, gun head body; 620, charging gun cable; 621, wire core; 622, protective layer; 623, cable phase change module; 6231, first sub-phase change filling body; 6233, fluid pipeline; 6233a , liquid outlet pipe; 6233b, liquid inlet pipe; 6234, fluid flow channel; 6236, first cable cooling channel; 6237, second cable cooling channel; 6111, gun head shell; 61111, receiving groove; 61112, wiring cavity; 61113, cable integrated head; 61114, water pipe; 61115, operating part; 61116, status indicator light; 6112, gun head inner core; 61121a, liquid outlet cooling cavity; 61121b, liquid inlet cooling cavity; 61121c, gun head cooling cavity; 61122, boss; 61123, first standard cavity; 61124, second standard cavity; 61125, handle slide; 61126, standard charging interface area; 61127a, first expansion area;61127b, second expansion area; 61128, Y-shaped tube; 61129, inner core pressure relief port; 6113, pipe joint; 6114, first elastic member; 6115, handle; 61151, middle pressure relief channel; 61152, sliding part; 61153, handle pressure relief port; 61154, shell pressure relief port; 61155, connecting pipe; 61156, lock hole; 6116, low voltage emergency power supply terminal; 6117, buckle; 700, energy storage module; 800, electric energy drive module. ;

[0144] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0145] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0146] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0147] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0148] With the popularity of battery-powered electric vehicles such as new energy vehicles, eVTOL, and new energy ships, charging equipment such as charging piles have become increasingly important and have higher and higher indicators as battery charging equipment. During the charging process of electric vehicles, there is a challenge of rapid charging of the battery pack to generate a large amount of heat, so the battery needs to be thermally managed during the charging process. That is, before the electric vehicle is operated, it can be charged and the battery thermal management and other maintenance operations can be performed through ground service equipment.

[0149] During the process of fast charging and battery thermal management of the vehicle's battery pack by ground service equipment, the battery pack and the power devices of the charging module itself in the ground service equipment will generate a large amount of heat, thus affecting the maintenance efficiency.

[0150] Therefore, how to dissipate the heat from the power devices in the battery pack and the charging module itself during the charging process through ground service equipment has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently.

[0151] To this end, the present invention provides a ground maintenance system, which will be specifically described below in conjunction with some specific embodiments.

[0152] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention proposes a ground maintenance system. The ground maintenance system is separately provided from the vehicle and is used to maintain the vehicle. It should be noted that the vehicle includes but is not limited to new energy vehicles, eVTOL, new energy ships, etc. The following description will be made by taking the vehicle eVTOL10 as an example.

[0153] It can be understood that the eVTOL 10 has a battery pack. The battery pack can provide electrical energy to the power unit of the eVTOL 10, or can also provide electrical energy to airborne systems such as airborne environmental control systems and airborne lighting systems. The battery pack includes a module shell having a battery cavity 12A and a battery cell 122 installed in the battery cavity 12A. The module shell has a first battery cavity hole and a second battery cavity hole connected to the battery cavity 12A, wherein the first battery cavity hole is for the insulated heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in, and the second battery cavity hole is for the insulated heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out. And the first battery cavity hole and the second battery cavity hole are both arranged on the upper part of the top wall or side wall of the module shell. In addition, the module shell is a shell structure with a sealed design, so that the battery cavity 12A inside it can be used to fill the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. When the battery cavity 12A is filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can completely submerge the battery cell 122, thereby contacting the battery cell 122 for heat exchange, so as to transfer the heat of the battery cell 122 to the module shell, and exchange heat with the external environment through the module shell, which is beneficial to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 122. It can be understood that there are many structural forms of the battery cell 122, such as being configured as one or more of a soft-pack battery cell, a square battery cell, and a cylindrical battery cell. In addition, the battery cavity 12A can be a single battery cavity, or it can also be a connecting cavity formed by connecting multiple battery cavities through pipes.

[0154] In addition, the eVTOL 10 also has a machine-end interface, which includes a machine-end medium inlet hole connected to the first battery cavity hole, and a machine-end medium outlet hole connected to the second battery cavity hole. Of course, the machine-end interface can be integrated into the charging socket 17 on the eVTOL 10 that cooperates with the charging gun, thereby avoiding a significant increase in the weight of the eVTOL and avoiding wasting the fuselage space of the eVTOL.

[0155] In one possible implementation, the battery cavity 12A can also be used to fill non-combustible gas. When the battery cavity 12A is filled with non-combustible gas, the battery cell 122 is in contact with the non-combustible gas. In this way, the contact area between the battery cell 122 and oxygen is reduced. When the battery pack has thermal runaway, the non-combustible gas can suppress the combustion of the battery pack. It is worth mentioning that due to the filling of non-combustible gas, the water vapor in the battery cavity 12A is reduced, thus reducing the occurrence of condensed water in the battery cavity 12A, thereby avoiding insulation failure of the battery pack.

[0156] In a possible implementation, a phase change module is further provided in the battery cavity 12A, and in this case, the battery cell 122 can directly exchange heat with the phase change module, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 122. If a phase change module is provided between two adjacent battery cells 122, the heat between the two adjacent battery cells 122 can be dissipated through the phase change module, avoiding heat accumulation between the two adjacent battery cells 122, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack.

[0157] In this embodiment, the ground maintenance system includes a movable vehicle 100 , an external charging module 400 , a cold and heat source module, an off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and a thermal management module 500 .

[0158] A device cavity 110 is defined in the movable vehicle 100, and the movable vehicle 100 also includes a charging interface, a fluid interface 112 and an air interface; an external charging module is arranged in the device cavity 110, and the external charging module 400 is connected to the charging interface; a cold and heat source module is arranged in the movable vehicle 100, and the cold and heat source module defines a refrigerant circuit 200; an off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is arranged in the movable vehicle 100, and the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is connected to the air interface, and is used to deliver air to the vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 Heat exchange is performed; the thermal management module 500 is arranged on the movable carrier 100, and the thermal management module 500 is connected with the device cavity 110 to form a device heat exchange branch 501, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 of the thermal management module 500 flows in the device heat exchange branch 501 and is filled into the device cavity 110, and the thermal management module 500 is connected with the fluid interface 112, which is used to be connected with the battery cavity 12A of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch 502 when the fluid interface 112 is connected to the vehicle, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and is filled into the battery cavity 12A; wherein, the refrigerant also performs heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0159] Specifically, the movable vehicle 100 is a machine or equipment that has mobility and can be used to transport equipment and / or personnel. The movable vehicle 100 includes a chassis part and a compartment part, and functional modules such as an external charging module 400, a cold and heat source module, an off-body air delivery pipeline 300, and a thermal management module 500 can be integrated in the compartment part. It can be understood that the mobility of the movable vehicle 100 includes but is not limited to ground mobility, air mobility, surface mobility, and underwater mobility. Therefore, the movable vehicle 100 includes but is not limited to vehicles, ships, and aircraft. The following is an example in which the movable vehicle is a ground vehicle.

[0160] The cold and heat source module is arranged on the movable carrier 100, and is configured to generate or regulate the refrigerant. Among them, the cold and heat source module also defines a refrigerant circuit 200 for the distribution of the refrigerant. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 200 to be transported to the designed heat exchange space, so as to exchange heat with the corresponding substance, such as air or insulating heat exchange fluid 503. Specifically, the refrigerant circuit 200 includes a compressor 202, a first heat exchanger 201 and at least one second heat exchanger.

[0161] As an option of this embodiment, the number of the second heat exchanger is one. And the one second heat exchanger is also connected to the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and the thermal management module 500. In this way, when the refrigerant circuit 200 is running in the heating mode, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 evaporates into gas at the first heat exchanger 201 (used as an evaporator) and absorbs heat from the outside air of the environment where the ground maintenance system is located, and then is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor 202. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the second heat exchanger, and a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas undergoes heat exchange with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and condenses into low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas undergoes heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 and is condensed into low-temperature and high-pressure gas. A large amount of heat is released in the process of condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas into low-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0162] When the refrigerant circuit 200 is running in the refrigeration mode, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 is sucked into the compressor 202, and the compressor 202 compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the first heat exchanger 201 (used as a condenser) and is cooled and condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and releases a large amount of heat. This heat is dissipated to the outside air in the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. After the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the throttling component, the pressure and temperature will be reduced, and it will become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger, and heat exchanges with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 or the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500, respectively, and is evaporated into gas, thereby reducing the temperature of the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500. The evaporated gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 202 again to start the next cycle.

[0163] Alternatively, as an alternative to this example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The refrigerant circuit 200 includes a main line 200a, a first refrigerant branch 200b connected to the main line 200a, and a second refrigerant branch 200c. The main line 200a includes a compressor 202 and a first heat exchanger 201. The first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main line 200a. The refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch 200b exchanges heat with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch 200c exchanges heat with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0164] Thus, when the refrigerant circuit 200 is operating in the heating mode, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 evaporates into gas at the first heat exchanger 201 (used as an evaporator) and absorbs heat from the outside air of the environment where the ground maintenance system is located, and then is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the compressor 202 in the main line 200a, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is divided into two paths and enters the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c respectively. In the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 undergo heat exchange and condense into low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, or the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 undergo heat exchange and are condensed into low-temperature and high-pressure gas. A large amount of heat is released in the process of condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas into low-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0165] When the refrigerant circuit 200 is running in the refrigeration mode, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 200 is sucked into the compressor 202, and the compressor 202 compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the first heat exchanger 201 (used as a condenser) and is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and releases a large amount of heat. This heat is dissipated to the outside air in the environment where the ground maintenance system is located. After the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the throttling component, the pressure and temperature will be reduced, and it will become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is divided into two paths, entering the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c respectively, and heat exchanges with the air of the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 or the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500, respectively, and is evaporated into gas, thereby reducing the temperature of the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300 and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500. The evaporated gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 202 again to start the next cycle.

[0166] In the above two options, when the refrigerant circuit 200 only includes a second heat exchanger, the circuit structure is simpler, and when the refrigerant circuit 200 includes a first refrigerant branch 200b and a second refrigerant branch 200c connected in parallel, it can ensure that the heat exchange between the air-conditioning outlet air and the refrigerant, and the heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the refrigerant do not interfere with each other, thereby ensuring that the air-conditioning outlet air and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 with an ideal temperature are prepared.

[0167] Of course, the refrigerant circuit 200 can be a cold refrigerant circuit only, or a hot refrigerant circuit only, or a heat pump system, so as to have both a cooling mode and a heating mode. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0168] The off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is an air duct assembly off-body from the eVTOL 10, and has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet can be connected to the outside air of the environment where the ground maintenance system is located, so that fresh air can be inhaled. Figure 1 The ground maintenance system further includes a first fan 310, which is disposed at the inlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300. The first fan 310 continuously introduces a large amount of fresh air through rotation to meet the needs of the cabin of the eVTOL 10.

[0169] Since the second heat exchanger performs heat exchange with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300, the air circulating in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is heated or cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger, thereby forming air-conditioned air. The off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is detachably connected to the vehicle, that is, when the eVTOL 10 is ready to take off, the outlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is separated from the eVTOL. When the eVTOL 10 enters the ground maintenance stage or the maintenance stage before takeoff after landing, the outlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 is connected to the eVTOL 10. Therefore, when the eVTOL 10 enters the ground maintenance stage or the maintenance stage before takeoff after landing, the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 will continuously deliver air-conditioned air to the eVTOL 10, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the eVTOL to the set temperature.

[0170] And because the second heat exchanger performs heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is heated or cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger, thereby changing its temperature.

[0171] The movable vehicle 100 has a device cavity 110 therein, and the device cavity 110 is used to install an external charging module 400 that provides charging services. It can be understood that the external charging module 400 includes but is not limited to a fast charging circuit and / or a slow charging circuit, and a charging control circuit that controls the fast charging circuit and / or the slow charging circuit to provide charging services. The fast charging circuit is used to provide fast charging services, while the slow charging circuit is used to provide ordinary charging services. In one example, the external charging module 400 also includes a detection circuit for monitoring the operating status of the external charging module 400 itself, and an isolation circuit that quickly discharges the residual energy in the circuit when the state is switched to improve the safety of the external charging module 400.

[0172] The external charging module 400 is composed of various charging power devices 410, including but not limited to DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, batteries, capacitors, inductors, induction coils, rectifier bridges, high-voltage busbars, switch tubes, fuse protectors, diodes and various cables. It can be understood that when all the charging power devices 410 of the external charging module 400 are integrated into one chamber, the device chamber 110 can be a chamber. Alternatively, when all the charging power devices 410 of the external charging module 400 are distributed in multiple chambers, the device chamber 110 can also be a connected body composed of multiple chambers connected by pipelines, and this embodiment does not limit this. It is worth mentioning that the device chamber 110 is a chamber with a sealed design, thereby separating the environment inside the device chamber 110 from the environment outside the device chamber 110 to prevent the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from leaking from the device chamber 110 when flowing in the device chamber 110. In addition, the device cavity 110 has a sealed chamber structure so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be completely filled in the device cavity 110 to completely submerge all the charging power devices 410. The device cavity 110 can be filled with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 or the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can submerge all the charging power devices 410. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 exchanges heat with each charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110 to cool each charging power device 410. Please refer to Figure 4 It can be understood that the movable vehicle 100 has a first device hole 1111 and a second device hole 1112 connected to the device cavity 110. The first device hole 1111 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in, and the second device hole 1112 is for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out. Of course, in order to allow the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to completely submerge the charging power device 410, the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112 are also arranged on the top wall or the upper part of the side wall of the device cavity 110. In addition, the movable vehicle 100 may be provided with a corresponding flow channel or guide structure to ensure that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 circulates to each charging power device 410 to ensure the immersion effect.

[0173] The thermal management module 500 is used to provide thermal management functions for the ground maintenance system itself and the battery pack of the eVTOL during charging. Specifically, the thermal management module 500 is used to provide an insulating heat exchange fluid 503, and has a heat exchange component that drives the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the device heat exchange branch 501. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be a coolant, so that the heat generated by the heated battery cell 122 and the charging power device 410 can be taken away during the flow. Since the heat of the ground maintenance system itself comes from the heat generated by the charging power device 410 during charging, and since the heat of the battery pack comes from the heat generated by the battery cell 122, this embodiment provides immersion cooling for the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110 and the battery cell 122 of the battery pack to improve the thermal management efficiency.

[0174] Specifically, the thermal management module 500 is connected to the device cavity 110, thereby forming a device heat exchange branch 501. At this time, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the device cavity 110 through the first device hole 1111, and directly contacts each charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110, thereby taking away the heat generated by the charging power device 410 and heating up. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503 leaves the device cavity 110 through the second device hole 1112 and continues to move along the device heat exchange branch 501, thereby taking away the heat from the device cavity 110. Moreover, when the movable vehicle 100 is connected to the eVTOL through the fluid interface 112, the thermal management module 500 is also connected to the battery cavity 12A on the eVTOL 10, thereby forming a battery heat exchange branch 502, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502. After the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the battery cavity 12A through the first battery cavity hole, it can directly contact the battery cell 122 in the battery cavity 12A, thereby performing thermal management on the battery cell 122, and then flow out along the second battery cavity hole.

[0175] The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is an insulating, flash-free coolant. It should be noted that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is deionized water, electronic fluoride liquid, hydrocarbons, esters or silicone oils. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 has the characteristics of high specific heat capacity, high thermal conductivity, insulation, non-combustibility, no flash point, non-toxicity, and low chemical activity. In addition, even if the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in this embodiment leaks, safety problems can be avoided. Optionally, in one example, the electronic fluoride liquid is configured as hydrofluoroether or hydrofluoroolefin. Optionally, in one example, the hydrocarbon is configured as mineral oil or synthetic hydrocarbon oil, such as transformer oil. Optionally, in one example, the lipid is configured as triglyceride or synthetic ester. Optionally, in one example, the silicone oil is configured as dimethyl silicone oil.

[0176] It is worth mentioning that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery pack can also be input into the battery pack by the thermal management module 500 when the eVTOL 10 is charged, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is in direct contact with the battery cell 122 in the battery pack to exchange heat, thereby changing the temperature of the battery pack. Alternatively, in a feasible embodiment, the battery pack is also filled with a battery heat exchange medium to form an immersion cooling battery pack. In this way, during the flight, the eVTOL 10 cools the battery cell 122 in the immersion cooling battery pack through the battery heat exchange medium. And the material of the battery heat exchange medium is consistent with the material of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, so that the ground maintenance system provided in this embodiment can be compatible with the immersion cooling battery pack, that is, when the thermal management module 500 is connected to the battery cavity 12A, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery heat exchange medium can be directly fused and mixed, without first emptying the battery heat exchange medium in the battery cavity 12A and then inputting the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, thereby improving the convenience of maintenance and reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0177] For example, during the landing of eVTOL 10, the power of eVTOL 10 is relatively large, and the heat generated by the submerged battery module 12 is relatively large, so it is in a high temperature state, for example, the temperature of the submerged battery module 12 is greater than 40°C. Therefore, after landing, the submerged battery module 12 cannot be charged immediately to avoid overheating of the battery cell 122. At this time, the temperature of the submerged battery module 12 can be adjusted by using the refrigerated insulating heat exchange fluid 503 as a coolant to reduce the temperature of the battery cell 122, for example, to between 25°C and 30°C, so that the battery cell 122 has a higher electrochemical activity. Then the submerged battery module 12 is charged. It can be seen that under the regulation of the thermal management module 500, the maintenance time of the eVTOL on the ground is shortened, and the operational efficiency of the eVTOL is improved. Alternatively, when the ambient temperature is low, for example, when the ambient temperature is less than 15°C, the temperature of the submerged battery module 12 can be increased through the thermal management module 500 to heat up the battery cell 122, for example, the temperature of the submerged battery module 12 is increased to a suitable operating temperature range, so that the battery cell 122 has a higher electrochemical activity. Thus, when the temperature of the submerged battery module 12 is high, the eVTOL 10 is charged. In this way, the loss of the eVTOL 10's own power is reduced, and the environmental adaptability range of the eVTOL is increased.

[0178] Alternatively, based on the fact that the eVTOL 10 has an immersed battery module 12, in another embodiment, the onboard air conditioning circuit of the onboard environmental control system includes a battery heat exchanger and an in-cabin heat exchanger connected by pipes to form a circulation circuit, and the battery heat exchanger is arranged in the battery cavity 12A and is connected to the phase change medium for heat exchange. The phase change medium is used to absorb and store the heat generated in the cabin, or to transfer the stored heat to the refrigerant of the onboard air conditioning circuit. Of course, the onboard air conditioning circuit of the onboard environmental control system may not be coupled with the battery pack, and still use an out-of-cabin heat exchanger to exchange heat with the air outside the cabin. That is, in this embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger of the onboard air conditioning circuit is cancelled, and it is integrated into the battery pack of the eVTOL 10 to form a battery heat exchanger. The battery heat exchanger is arranged in the phase change medium to be connected to the phase change medium for heat exchange, thereby realizing the heat exchange between the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger and the phase change medium.

[0179] It is understandable that in order to achieve the purpose of storing the heat transferred from the cabin by the phase change medium, or transferring the pre-stored heat to the refrigerant, when the mission performed by the eVTOL is different, it may be necessary to pre-treat the phase change medium in the battery pack on the ground in advance, that is, determine the operation mode and / or set temperature of the onboard air conditioning circuit through the flight mission, and then determine the phase state of the phase change medium, and then determine the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 introduced. For example, when the flight mission of the eVTOL10 requires the onboard air conditioning circuit to operate in the cooling mode, the cooled insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be introduced in advance on the ground through the thermal management module 500 to cool the phase change medium in the battery pack, so that the phase state of the phase change medium meets the mission requirements. Or, in another example, the mission scenario of the eVTOL10 is a high-latitude area in the northern hemisphere, and the temperature is low on that day. It can be determined that during the flight, the onboard air conditioning circuit needs to enter the heating mode. Then the phase change medium in the immersion battery module 12 needs to store heat in advance so that the heat can be transferred to the refrigerant. At this time, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 may be a heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503. After the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is passed into the submerged battery module 12, the phase change medium is heated to store heat.

[0180] The energy source of the ground maintenance system is the energy storage module 700. The energy storage module 700 is connected to the cold and heat source module, the external charging module 400, the thermal management module 500 and the energy storage module 700, so as to provide power to each module and not affect normal operation when there is no grid input. Specifically, the power grid or power generation system is connected to the energy storage module 700, and the energy storage module 700 stores the low-priced electricity from the grid or the clean power generation and provides a source of electricity for other functional modules of the ground maintenance system. It can be understood that the combination of clean power generation and energy storage can significantly reduce the electricity operation cost of eVTOL and improve the reliability of operation and maintenance.

[0181] This embodiment provides a ground maintenance system, which can control the temperature of the battery pack of the vehicle and the external charging module 400 at the same time, and can also provide air conditioning to the vehicle. Among them, while controlling the temperature of the battery pack of the vehicle, the external charging module 400 can also be controlled at the same time, so that in the process of charging the vehicle, the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110 can be immersed in cooling through the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, and the battery cell 122 in the battery pack can also be immersed in cooling, thereby providing thermal management functions for the battery pack and the external charging module 400 itself, so as to support higher power charging, thereby further improving the fast charging speed.

[0182] It is easy to understand that unlike the cabin environment control of traditional civil aircraft or helicopters, which uses the air circulation refrigeration principle for refrigeration and uses the refrigerated and dehumidified air to mix with the compressor air introduced from the engine to achieve temperature control and dehumidification, there is no compressor air available for cabin environment control on eVTOL. According to the design requirements for cooling capacity and air volume, compressors and heating equipment must be added to meet the control of cabin ambient temperature. Obviously, the greater the cooling capacity, the greater the corresponding weight of the equipment, and the weight of eVTOL is extremely important and critical. Therefore, it is urgent to quickly adjust the temperature of the cabin environment control to improve the comfort of passengers without increasing the weight and power consumption indicators of eVTOL. In addition, ground maintenance and function recovery of eVTOL before takeoff are an important part of its operation process. How to complete the ground preparation of eVTOL efficiently, safely and energy-savingly during daily operations has become a key indicator under the high-frequency operation needs in the future. Specifically, the main requirements of eVTOL in the ground preparation state include high-rate fast charging, rapid temperature adjustment of the battery and the cabin environment, so as to improve the duty flight efficiency of eVTOL, improve the riding experience of the drivers and passengers, and improve the battery operation safety during the flight. In this regard, this embodiment combines the ground maintenance needs during the operation of eVTOL10, and can quickly adjust the temperature in the cabin to the target temperature that matches the flight mission during the rapid charging of the vehicle, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and system integration of the ground maintenance system. In addition, during the waiting and passenger boarding stages during the operation of eVTOL10, the temperature in the cabin is controlled by the ground maintenance system, which improves the comfort of passengers without increasing power consumption. It can be seen that this embodiment reduces the energy consumption during the operation of the vehicle and improves the overall performance of the vehicle. At the same time, when passengers have boarded and are waiting for takeoff, the air conditioning outlet is introduced through the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 to continuously control the temperature in the cabin, so that the cabin temperature reaches a suitable temperature for passengers in the shortest time, which can effectively reduce the temperature demand of passengers after takeoff and reduce the demand for the use of the onboard environmental control system during flight. Since the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 and the thermal management module 500 are both detachably arranged from the eVTOL, the ground maintenance system can be quickly disassembled and removed in the late stage of the takeoff preparation stage, and the takeoff conditions can be reached in the shortest time.

[0183] In addition, when the same eVTOL 10 performs short-distance flight missions continuously, there is usually a peculiar smell in the cabin air after the previous mission is completed, which will cause discomfort to the passengers boarding the next flight. Therefore, the ground maintenance system provided in this embodiment can selectively provide fresh air from the ground to the cockpit and / or cabin, thereby removing dust, odor, bacteria, viruses and other pollutants in the cabin air, keeping the cabin air clean, and effectively improving passenger comfort.

[0184] In addition, in one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit 200 further includes a second fan 205, which is disposed at the first heat exchanger 201. When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the cooling mode, the second fan 205 generates wind force by rotating, driving air to circulate through the surface of the first heat exchanger 201, thereby taking away the heat on the air heat exchanger 203, ensuring that the first heat exchanger 201 can continuously and effectively perform heat exchange. When the refrigerant circuit 200 operates in the heating mode, the second fan 205 helps the refrigerant to perform heat exchange with the outside air faster by increasing the air flow rate, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0185] In one embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200 b further includes a first solenoid valve (not shown); and / or the second refrigerant branch 200 c further includes a second solenoid valve (not shown).

[0186] Specifically, the first refrigerant branch 200b may be provided with a first solenoid valve, which may be switched between an open state and an off state. When the first solenoid valve is in the off state, the first refrigerant branch 200b is cut off, so that the first refrigerant branch 200b does not cool or heat the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline 300. The second refrigerant branch 200c may be provided with a second solenoid valve, which may also be switched between an open state and an off state. When the second solenoid valve is in the off state, the second refrigerant branch 200c is cut off, that is, the second refrigerant branch 200c does not cool or heat the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500.

[0187] Of course, in the refrigerant circuit 200, only the first refrigerant branch 200b may include the first solenoid valve, only the second refrigerant branch 200c may include the second solenoid valve, or the first refrigerant branch 200b may include the first solenoid valve and the second refrigerant branch 200c may include the second solenoid valve. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0188] It should be noted that it is not always necessary to introduce air-conditioning outlet air and insulating heat exchange fluid 503 into the vehicle at the same time. For example, in the aforementioned continuous short-distance flight mission, the eVTOL may not need to be charged every time. At this time, the vehicle only needs fresh air-conditioning outlet air. The second solenoid valve is switched to the closed state, so that the second refrigerant branch 200c does not work, and only the first refrigerant branch 200b works, so that the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 continues to deliver air-conditioning outlet air to the eVTOL 10. Or when the eVTOL 10 only needs to be charged, the first solenoid valve is switched to the closed state, so that the first refrigerant branch 200b does not work, and only the second refrigerant branch 200c works, so that the thermal management module 500 continues to deliver the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 of a preset temperature to the eVTOL.

[0189] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, by setting a solenoid valve on the first refrigerant branch 200b and / or the second refrigerant branch 200c, the state of the solenoid valve can be switched to control the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c to work separately or together, so as to adapt to various working conditions and avoid the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c running together to increase energy consumption.

[0190] In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes an air purification component 320 , which is disposed at the inlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 .

[0191] The air purification component 320 is disposed at the inlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 to purify the air, so that qualified air can be introduced into the cabin of the eVTOL 10 to improve the user experience. In one example, the air purification component 320 may include one or more of a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) filter, an activated carbon filter, a negative ion generator, and an ozone generator installed at the inlet of the off-body air delivery pipeline 300.

[0192] It should be noted that the first refrigerant branch 200b and the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 can be in direct contact, thereby promoting heat transfer between the two, or the second refrigerant branch 200c and the thermal management module 500 can be in direct contact, thereby promoting heat connection between the two. However, the direct contact heat transfer efficiency of the pipeline is low. In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, in one embodiment, the ground maintenance system also includes: an air heat exchanger 203 and a fluid heat exchanger 204. The first side of the air heat exchanger 203 is connected to the first refrigerant branch 200b, and the second side of the air heat exchanger 203 is connected to the off-body air delivery pipeline 300, which is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch 200b and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300; the first side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected to the second refrigerant branch 200c, and the second side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected to the thermal management module 500, which is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch 200c and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500.

[0193] It should be noted that the air heat exchanger 203 and the fluid heat exchanger 204 are the aforementioned second heat exchangers, and the second heat exchangers include two. It is worth mentioning that both can be constructed as tubular heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers or direct heat exchangers, etc., and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0194] In this embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200b realizes heat exchange with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline 300 through the air heat exchanger 203, and the second refrigerant branch 200c realizes heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 through the fluid heat exchanger 204. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 201, the air heat exchanger 203 and the fluid heat exchanger 204 form a heat pump air conditioning loop. The heat pump air conditioning loop uses the heat in the environment for heat exchange through the first heat exchanger 201, and can provide efficient heating and cooling effects at relatively low energy consumption. In addition, the heat pump air conditioning loop is suitable for different climatic conditions, and can operate stably regardless of whether it is cold winter or hot summer, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the ground maintenance system to cooperate with the promotion and use of eVTOL in various regions.

[0195] In the heat pump air conditioning circuit, since the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c can work together, only one throttling component can be set in the main circuit 200a to reduce the system complexity of the refrigerant circuit 200. However, the control accuracy of a single throttling component is low, and since the entire refrigerant circuit 200 has only one throttling point, it is difficult to achieve accurate adjustment of the cooling / heating requirements of the first refrigerant branch 200b and the second refrigerant branch 200c.

[0196] Therefore, in one embodiment, the first refrigerant branch 200b further includes a first throttling component 207, and the second refrigerant branch 200c further includes a second throttling component 208. In this way, the first throttling component 207 can be independently adjusted according to the actual needs of the first refrigerant branch 200b, that is, the cabin temperature adjustment needs of the cabin of the eVTOL 10, and the second throttling component 208 can be independently adjusted according to the actual needs of the second refrigerant branch 200c, that is, the temperature adjustment needs of the battery cell 122 of the immersion battery module 12, so as to achieve precise control of each branch, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption of each branch and improving the overall energy efficiency of the refrigerant circuit 200. The first throttling component 207 and the second throttling component 208 can specifically be a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve, etc.

[0197] In one embodiment, the air heat exchanger 203 is provided with a first PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater 209 ; and / or the fluid heat exchanger 204 is provided with a second PTC heater (not shown).

[0198] In this embodiment, both the air heat exchanger 203 and the fluid heat exchanger 204 can be additionally provided with a PTC heater as an auxiliary electric heating element to improve the heating effect and heating efficiency of the refrigerant circuit 200. In addition, since the ground maintenance system is separated from the vehicle, it is greatly affected by the ambient temperature of the airport. At this time, the PTC heater can stably provide the required heat in the refrigerant circuit 200, that is, provide air conditioning air outlet with small temperature fluctuations and insulating heat exchange fluid 503, thereby improving the user experience in the cabin and also improving the maintenance efficiency of the immersion battery module 12.

[0199] In addition, in colder areas, the refrigerant circuit 200 starts more slowly, and the PTC heater can also quickly provide heated air conditioning air outlet and / or insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to avoid the cabin temperature not rising for a long time after the user enters the cabin, and to avoid the battery not being able to charge for a long time.

[0200] See also Figure 4 In one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 may include a first thermal management submodule 500a and a second thermal management submodule 500b, the first thermal management submodule 500a is connected to the device heat exchange branch 501, and the second thermal management submodule 500b is connected to the battery heat exchange branch 502.

[0201] The first thermal management submodule 500a and the second thermal management submodule 500b independently adjust the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the corresponding branch. In this way, the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the device heat exchange branch 501 are temperature-controlled independently without affecting each other, thereby improving safety and reducing the complexity of the temperature control program.

[0202] See also Figure 5 In a specific example, the fluid heat exchanger 204 includes two, namely, the first fluid heat exchanger 204a and the second fluid heat exchanger 204b. The first thermal management submodule 500a includes a first sub-medium storage box 510a and a first sub-pump 520a. One end of the first sub-medium storage box 510a is connected to the device cavity 110, and the other end is connected to one end of the first sub-pump 520a. The other end of the first sub-pump 520a is connected to the first side of the first fluid heat exchanger 204a, and the second side of the first fluid heat exchanger 204a is connected to the device cavity 110 to form a circulation loop.

[0203] The second thermal management submodule 500b includes a second sub-medium storage box 510b and a second sub-pump 520b. One end of the second sub-medium storage box 510b is connected to the fluid interface 112, and the other end is connected to one end of the second sub-pump 520b. The other end of the second sub-pump 520b is connected to the first side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b, and the second side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b is connected to the fluid interface 112 to form a circulation loop. It is worth mentioning that the second side of the second fluid heat exchanger 204b can also be directly connected to one end of the second sub-medium storage box 510b through a switching branch to provide an emergency switching function.

[0204] Alternatively, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 includes a main circuit, which includes a medium storage box 510 and a pump 520 connected in sequence through pipelines. The second side of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected to the main circuit and connected to the outlet of the pump 520 through a pipeline. The medium storage box 510 stores an insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0205] Among them, the medium storage box 510 can be constructed as an expansion water tank, in which the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is stored. The capacity of the expansion water tank needs to be determined according to the fluid usage of the device heat exchange branch 501 and the fluid usage in the battery heat exchange branch 502, and a certain margin is reserved. The pump 520 is used to drive the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow in the battery heat exchange branch 502 and / or the device heat exchange branch 501. The power of the pump is calculated based on the flow resistance. The pump 520 can be integrated into the fluid heat exchanger 204. The fluid heat exchanger 204 is used to exchange heat for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. When the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows through the fluid heat exchanger 204, under the action of the fluid heat exchanger 204, the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is reduced, so that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery cell 122 and / or the charging power device 410 is large, so that it can be fully heat exchanged.

[0206] Specifically, the expansion water tank has a first tank port and a second tank port, the first tank port is connected to the pump through a pipeline, the pump outlet is connected to the fluid heat exchanger 204 through a pipeline, and the fluid heat exchanger 204 has a medium pump outlet pipe 2041. The second tank port is connected to the medium return pipe 511. At this time, the medium return pipe 511, the expansion water tank, the pump 520, the fluid heat exchanger 204 and the medium pump outlet pipe 2041 are sequentially connected in series to form the main path of this embodiment.

[0207] As an optional implementation, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop. Figure 8, the medium pump outlet pipe 2041 is connected to a first three-way pipe 504, one interface of the first three-way pipe 504 is connected to a fluid interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the first three-way pipe 504 is connected to the device cavity 110 through a pipeline; similarly, the medium return pipe 511 is connected to a second three-way pipe 505, one interface of the second three-way pipe 505 is connected to the fluid interface 112 through a pipeline, and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 505 is connected to the device cavity 110 through a pipeline. In this way, when the fluid interface 112 is connected to the machine-end interface of the eVTOL, one interface of the first three-way pipe 504, the battery cavity 12A and one interface of the second three-way pipe 505 are connected in sequence to form a battery heat exchange branch 502, and the other interface of the first three-way pipe 504, the device cavity 110 and the other interface of the second three-way pipe 505 are connected in sequence to form a device heat exchange branch 501.

[0208] In this embodiment, when the fluid interface 112 is connected to the machine-end interface of the eVTOL, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel and then connected in series to the main path to form a circulation loop. At this time, the pump delivers the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to the fluid heat exchanger 204 for cooling. After cooling, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the medium pump outlet pipe 2041 and is divided into two paths at the first three-way pipe 504:

[0209] Device heat exchange branch 501: The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the first device hole 1111 and enters the device cavity 110 to directly contact with each charging power device 410 for heat exchange and heat rises. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the second device hole 1112 and the pipeline to return to the second three-way pipe 505, and then returns to the expansion water tank through the medium return pipe 511;

[0210] Battery heat exchange branch 502: The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters the battery cavity 12A through the fluid interface 112 and directly contacts the battery cell 122 for heat exchange and heating. The heated insulating heat exchange fluid 503 passes through the second battery cavity hole and the fluid interface 112 and returns to the second three-way pipe 505, and then returns to the expansion water tank through the medium return pipe 511.

[0211] In this embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel to the same main circuit. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 transported from the main circuit is divided into two paths and enters the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 cooled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 can enter the device heat exchange branch 501 or the battery heat exchange branch 502 as soon as possible for heat exchange. The insulating heat exchange fluids 503 in the two branches do not affect each other, and the cooling effects of the insulating heat exchange fluids 503 in the two branches can be ensured.

[0212] Alternatively, as another optional implementation, the device heat exchange branch 501, the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

[0213] See also Figure 6 As an option of this embodiment: the medium pump-out pipe 2041 is connected to the first battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A through the pipeline and the fluid interface 112, and a return pipeline is provided at the fluid interface 112. The battery cavity 12A is connected to the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 110 through the second battery cavity hole, the fluid interface 112, and the return pipeline, and the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 110 is connected to the medium return pipe 511. At this time, the main circuit, the battery heat exchange branch 502 and the device heat exchange branch 501 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop. The insulating heat exchange fluid 503 pumped out of the main circuit first enters the battery heat exchange branch 502, then enters the device heat exchange branch 501, and finally flows into the main circuit.

[0214] Or as another option of this embodiment: the medium return pipe 511 is connected to the second battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A through the pipeline and the fluid interface 112, and a delivery pipeline is provided at the fluid interface 112. The first battery cavity hole of the battery cavity 12A is connected to the second device hole 1112 of the device cavity 110 through the fluid interface 112 and the delivery pipeline, and the first device hole 1111 of the device cavity 110 is connected to the medium pump-out pipe 2041. At this time, the main circuit, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in series in sequence, and the three form a circulation loop, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 pumped out of the main circuit first enters the device heat exchange branch 501.

[0215] It is not difficult to see that the series connection of the pipes is simpler than the parallel connection. It should be noted that since the temperature that the charging power device 410 can withstand is higher than the temperature that the battery cell 122 in the battery pack can withstand, it is better that the battery heat exchange branch 502 is connected in series upstream of the device heat exchange branch 501. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 that has been cooled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 first flows through the battery heat exchange branch 502 to cool the battery cell 122, and then flows through the device heat exchange branch 501 to cool various charging power devices 410. In this way, the parameters of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be designed accordingly based only on the cooling requirements of the battery cell 122, without fully considering the cooling requirements of the battery cell 122 and the cooling requirements of the charging power device 410. This not only ensures the cooling effect of the battery, but also reduces the complexity of the temperature control of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0216] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are both temperature-controlled by the fluid heat exchanger 204 on the same main circuit, which reduces the number of components of the thermal management module 500 and can also reduce the volume and weight of the thermal management module 500, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the ground maintenance system.

[0217] In one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 further includes a gas filling and fluid exchange component, wherein the gas filling and fluid exchange component is connected to the battery heat exchange branch 502, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity 12A to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from the battery cavity 12A.

[0218] In this way, when the temperature of the battery pack is adjusted to a preset temperature or is fully charged, the eVTOL10 can introduce non-flammable gas into the battery heat exchange branch 502 through the inflation and fluid exchange assembly during the flight takeoff preparation stage. After the non-flammable gas enters the battery cavity 12A through one of the first battery cavity hole and the second battery cavity hole, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 therein is squeezed out of the battery cavity 12A through the other of the first battery cavity hole and the second battery cavity hole. On the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery cavity 12A is discharged, and on the other hand, during the flight of the eVTOL10, the battery cavity 12A is filled with non-flammable gas to suppress battery combustion when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cavity 12A.

[0219] Alternatively, when the circuit in the device cavity 110 needs to be repaired and maintained or the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 needs to be discharged for other reasons, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the device cavity 110 also needs to be discharged. To this end, in one embodiment, the thermal management module 500 further includes a gas-filling and liquid-exchanging component, which is connected to the device heat exchange branch 501 and is used to input non-flammable gas into the device cavity 110 to discharge the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from the device cavity 110.

[0220] Specifically, when the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 needs to be discharged, non-combustible gas can be introduced into the device heat exchange branch 501 through the inflation and liquid exchange component. After the non-combustible gas enters the device cavity 110 through one of the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 therein is squeezed out of the device cavity 110 through the other of the first device hole 1111 and the second device hole 1112, thereby discharging the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the device cavity 110.

[0221] Of course, in some feasible implementations, when the battery heat exchange branch 502 is connected in series with the device heat exchange branch 501, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery cavity 12A and the device cavity 110 can be discharged simultaneously through an inflation and drainage assembly. It should be noted that when the inflation and drainage assembly is working, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can return to the expansion tank under the action of non-flammable gas. In some examples, the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are both connected to a drainage branch connected to the outside world through a drainage switch valve, so that when the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the battery cavity 12A or the device cavity 110 is discharged through the inflation and drainage assembly, the drainage branch is opened and the expansion tank is closed, and the battery cavity 12A or the device cavity 110 can be connected to the outside world, thereby providing a discharge channel for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503.

[0222] The non-combustible gas in this embodiment refers to the gas other than the combustible gas and the combustion-supporting gas. In one embodiment, the non-combustible gas includes one or more of an inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur hexafluoride.

[0223] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one example, the gas-filling and fluid-exchanging assembly includes a gas-filling branch 530, and the gas-filling branch 530 includes a gas storage device 531 and a gas circuit valve 532 which are connected in sequence through a pipeline; wherein, the output end of the gas-filling branch 530 is connected to the medium pump outlet pipe 2041 of the fluid heat exchanger 204, and a switch valve (not shown) is provided in the pipeline between the fluid heat exchanger 204 and the output end of the gas-filling branch 530.

[0224] Specifically, the medium pump outlet pipe 2041 of the fluid heat exchanger 204 is connected to a switch valve, and the switch valve is connected to a multi-way pipe (a four-way pipe can be used when the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in parallel, and a three-way pipe can be used when the device heat exchange branch 501 and the battery heat exchange branch 502 are connected in series), and one of the pipe openings of the multi-way pipe is connected to a gas circuit valve 532 through a pipeline, and the gas circuit valve 532 is connected to the gas storage device 531 through a pipeline. The gas storage device 531 can be a high-pressure gas storage device, and the gas circuit valve 532 is a pressure reducing valve. In this way, the gas pressure in the gas storage device 531 is relatively high. Under the action of the high gas pressure, the non-combustible gas will pass through the fluid interface 112 along the pipeline and enter the battery cavity 12A in the eVTOL. After the non-combustible gas enters the battery cavity 12A, it squeezes the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is discharged from the battery cavity 12A. In addition, under the action of the pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure non-combustible gas in the gas storage device 531 can be depressurized and released to prevent the pipeline from being subjected to excessive gas pressure, thereby preventing damage to the pipeline, the battery cell 122 in the battery cavity 12A, and the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110. The switch valve provided between the fluid heat exchanger 204 and the gas charging branch 530 is used to switch to a closed state after the gas charging branch 530 starts working, thereby preventing the non-combustible gas from first entering the fluid heat exchanger 204, so as to improve the working efficiency of the gas charging and liquid discharge assembly.

[0225] Of course, in other embodiments, the inflation branch 530 may also be provided with a pump to provide power for the flow of the non-combustible gas. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the inflation and drainage assembly may also be provided in the battery pack or at the device cavity 110 .

[0226] It can be understood that after the ground maintenance system is connected to the eVTOL through the fluid interface 112, it is necessary to establish not only a charging channel for power transmission between the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL, but also a medium channel for the circulation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. The medium channel can be an independent medium channel cable. In this case, when charging, it is necessary not only to connect the charging gun to the eVTOL, but also to connect the independent medium channel cable to the eVTOL.

[0227] Alternatively, the medium channel may also be fully or partially integrated into the charging gun of the charging pile. For example, in one embodiment, the ground maintenance system also includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes a charging gun head 610 and a charging gun cable 620. The charging gun head 610 has a fluid interface 112 and a charging interface, and the charging gun cable 620 is connected to the charging gun head 610. A plurality of wire cores 621 and fluid pipes 6233 are arranged in the charging gun cable 620. One end of the wire core 621 is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the wire core 621 is connected to the external charging module 400. One end of the fluid pipe 6233 is connected to the fluid interface 112, and the other end of the fluid pipe 6233 is connected to the thermal management module 500.

[0228] In this embodiment, the charging gun head 610 is provided with a fluid interface 112 in addition to the charging interface. In addition to the existing wire core, the charging gun cable 620 is also provided with a fluid pipeline 6233. In order to avoid a significant increase in the volume and weight of the charging gun cable 620 compared with the charging gun cable 620 in the related art, the number of the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 can be one. At this time, the fluid pipeline 6233 in the charging gun cable 620 is only one of the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out of the ground maintenance system and enter the eVTOL and the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to return to the ground maintenance system after flowing through the battery cavity 12A, and the other of the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow out of the ground maintenance system and enter the eVTOL and the channels for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through the battery cavity 12A and return to the ground maintenance system can be provided by a medium channel cable additionally provided on the ground maintenance system.

[0229] Alternatively, in order to reduce the number of components of the ground maintenance system and improve the operational convenience when charging the eVTOL, the channel through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows out of the ground maintenance system and enters the eVTOL and the channel through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows through the battery cavity 12A and returns to the ground maintenance system are both integrated on the charging gun cable 620. At this time, the number of fluid interfaces 112 and fluid pipes 6233 is at least 2, that is, at least one in and one out.

[0230] In addition, in order to avoid blockage of the fluid pipeline 6233, the fluid pipeline 6233 in any direction may have a backup, so the number of fluid interfaces 112 and fluid pipelines 6233 may be greater than 2. Alternatively, when there are multiple battery packs in parallel (such as battery packs are provided on both wings of the eVTOL, and the battery packs are connected in parallel), the number of fluid interfaces 112 and fluid pipelines 6233 may be greater than 2, so that different fluid pipelines 6233 provide medium channels for the corresponding battery packs.

[0231] It is worth mentioning that the fluid interface 112 and the fluid pipeline 6233 can be connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence, or one fluid interface 112 can be connected to two fluid pipelines 6233 to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​a single fluid pipeline 6233 to ensure the structural strength of the charging gun cable 620. Or one fluid pipeline 6233 is connected to multiple fluid interfaces 112. For example, when the battery pack includes multiple battery packs, each battery pack is connected to a fluid interface 112, and the one fluid pipeline 6233 transports the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to all battery packs.

[0232] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, by integrating the medium channel for the circulation of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 into the charging gun cable 620, the charging gun has the functions of transmitting both electric energy and transmitting the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. The charging gun and the eVTOL 10 are plugged in at one time to complete the establishment of the electric energy channel and the medium channel, thereby reducing the plug-in steps when charging the eVTOL 10, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the eVTOL 10.

[0233] See also Fig. 9 In one embodiment, the charging gun cable 620 includes a protective layer 622 and a cable phase change module 623, and the protective layer 622 defines a cable cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620; wherein the wire core 621 is arranged in the cable cavity, and any two wire cores 621 and the wire core 621 and the protective layer 622 are separated to form a gap; the cable phase change module 623 is filled in the gap, and at least one fluid conduit 6233 extending along the wiring direction and passing through the charging gun cable 620 is defined in the cable phase change module 623.

[0234] Specifically, the protective layer 622 is constructed as a metal layer, a plastic layer, or a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh. In one example, the protective layer 622 is constructed as a plastic layer with a metal braided mesh, so that better mechanical properties can be provided on the basis of meeting the cable weight index.

[0235] It should be noted that the surface of the core 621 is constructed as an insulating layer. The core 621 can be a battery charging positive line, a battery charging negative line, a low-voltage auxiliary positive line, a low-voltage auxiliary negative line, a first communication line, a second communication line, a first charging connection line, a second charging connection line, and a ground line. There is a gap between adjacent cores 621. It can be understood that the gap between adjacent cores 621 can be that the two are spaced apart from each other, or the outer surfaces of the core 621 with a curved outer surface such as a circular cross-section are tangent to form a gap between the outer surfaces of the two. The cable phase change module 623 is used to fill the space between the core 621 and the protective layer 622 of the outer wall, as well as between adjacent cores 621.

[0236] The material of the cable phase change module 623 includes phase change material. During the charging process, compared with the use of plastic or polymer materials to fill the gap between the wire core 621 and the protective layer 622 in the related technology, the phase change material can absorb the heat generated by the wire core 621, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the charging gun cable 620 and avoiding overheating of the charging gun cable 620 during charging.

[0237] In addition, in this embodiment, the aforementioned fluid conduit 6233 is also provided in the cable phase change module 623, that is, the fluid conduit 6233 extends along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 and penetrates the charging gun cable 620. In this way, in the process of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flowing through the fluid conduit 6233, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can cool the cable phase change module 623. It is not difficult to see that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flowing through can cool the cable phase change module 623, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the cable phase change module 623, so that the cable phase change module 623 can absorb more heat emitted by the core 621. That is, under the same cross-sectional area, the temperature rise of the charging gun cable 620 in this embodiment is smaller. In this way, under the premise that the charging power of the charging gun is determined, that is, the heat generation is determined, the purpose of cooling the charging gun cable 620 can be achieved by a smaller amount of phase change material, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the charging gun cable 620 and reducing the weight of the charging gun cable 620.

[0238] In addition, a part of the surface of the insulation layer of the wire core 621 may be formed as the pipe wall of the fluid pipe 6233, or the wire core 621 may be completely disposed in the fluid pipe 6233. In this case, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the fluid pipe 6233 may directly immerse the wire core 621 for cooling. It is not difficult to see that, compared with air cooling and liquid cooling, immersion cooling of the wire core 621 has a larger heat dissipation area and a better heat dissipation effect.

[0239] The fluid conduit 6233 can be constructed as a cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 , and the inner diameter of the cavity is uniform without protrusions, which is conducive to the rapid passage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 through the charging gun cable 620 .

[0240] Alternatively, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In one embodiment, there are at least two fluid interfaces 112; at least two fluid pipes 6233 are arranged in the cable phase change module 623, and two fluid pipes 6233 in the at least two fluid pipes 6233 are a group, one of the fluid pipes 6233 in a group is a liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and the other is a liquid outlet pipe 6233a; wherein, the cable phase change module 623 includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and the first sub-phase change filling body 6231 has a first through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 in the plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 are connected through the first through hole to form a liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and a liquid outlet pipe 6233a of a pipe structure is arranged in the cable phase change module 623.

[0241] In this embodiment, the fluid pipes 6233 in the cable phase change module 623 are arranged in groups of two, and one of the fluid pipes in the group is a liquid outlet pipe 6233a, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow into the eVTOL 10. The liquid outlet pipe 6233a is constructed as a pipe that penetrates the charging gun cable 620 along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and there is no protrusion on the inner wall surface, so as to facilitate the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to quickly pass through the charging gun cable 620 and enter the eVTOL 10. It is easy to understand that the faster the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, the less heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and other components in the charging gun cable 620, so that the temperature of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can be effectively avoided from changing significantly during the process of flowing through the charging gun cable 620, which is conducive to ensuring that the temperature difference between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and the battery cell 122 after entering the battery cavity 12A meets the heat dissipation requirements.

[0242] The other is a liquid inlet pipe 6233b, which is used to supply the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flowing through the battery cavity 12A from the eVTOL back to the thermal management module 500. As before, for any liquid inlet pipe 6233b, in the area where the phase change material forms the first sub-phase change filling body, the phase change material can fix the internal core 621 and the external protective layer 622, and absorb the heat generated by the core 621 during charging, while in the area where the phase change material is not filled: the inner wall of the insulating layer and protective layer 622 of the core 621 and the opposite side walls of the two first sub-phase change filling bodies 6231 together enclose a cavity, which is used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through, and the adjacent cavities are connected through the first through hole reserved in the first sub-phase change filling body 6231. Therefore, under the pressure provided by the main circuit pump, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 will fill up each cavity in the charging gun cable 620, thereby playing a role in supporting the cable structure and effectively fixing the internal wire core 621 and the external protective layer 622.

[0243] It can be understood that since the shape of the first sub-phase change filler 6231 is consistent with the shape of the gap between the wire cores 621 and / or between the wire core 621 and the protective layer 622, it is irregular. And the first sub-phase change fillers 6231 are arranged at intervals, and adjacent first sub-phase change fillers 6231 are connected through the first through holes, so that the flow channel cross section of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b shrinks at each first through hole, resulting in a more drastic change in the flow channel cross section in the fluid flow direction of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b. Compared with the basically consistent flow channel cross section of the liquid outlet pipe 6233a, the more drastic change in the flow channel cross section of the liquid inlet pipe 6233b will effectively slow down the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can fully exchange heat with the wire core 621.

[0244] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the liquid outlet pipe 6233a allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to quickly pass through the charging gun cable 620 and enter the eVTOL 10 to ensure the thermal management effect in the battery cavity 12A, and the liquid inlet pipe 6233b allows the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to circulate slowly in the charging gun cable 620 to fully absorb the heat of the core 621, thereby ensuring the thermal management effect of the charging gun cable 620 itself.

[0245] In order to further reduce the heat exchange between the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid outlet pipe 6233a and the wire core 621, in one embodiment, the material of the liquid outlet pipe 6233a is a polymer thermal insulation material.

[0246] See also Figures 11 to 15 In one embodiment, the charging gun head 610 includes a gun head body 611 and a plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled. One end of the gun head body 611 is connected to the charging gun cable 620, and the gun head body 611 has a liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, at least one fluid interface 112 is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and at least one fluid interface 112 is connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a; a portion of each first charging terminal to be cooled is arranged in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a and connected to the corresponding wire core 621, and another portion of each first charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the gun head body 611; wherein the liquid inlet pipe 6233b is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and the liquid outlet pipe 6233a is connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a.

[0247] The gun head body 611 is the main part of the charging gun head 610, which includes a tail connected to the charging gun cable 620, and a head provided with a fluid interface 112 and a charging interface. All the charging terminals form the aforementioned charging interface in a preset layout. Among them, the first charging terminal to be cooled can be at least a part of all the charging terminals. Specifically, the charging gun head has a mating end face that cooperates with the charging socket. The first charging terminal to be cooled is assembled in the charging gun head 610, and one end thereof is exposed through the terminal hole of the mating end face, and the other end of the first charging terminal to be cooled extends to the tail to be connected to the core 621.

[0248] In this embodiment, a liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a are provided in the gun head body 611. And on the radial plane of the gun head body 611, the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a are arranged side by side. The liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 6233b and the fluid interface 112 corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe 6233b among all the fluid interfaces 112. The liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 6233a and the fluid interface 112 corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe 6233a among all the fluid interfaces 112. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 before entering the eVTOL 10 is temporarily retained in the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, and after leaving the eVTOL 10, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 enters from the fluid interface 112 and is temporarily retained in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b.

[0249] A portion of the plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled extends into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and the corresponding wire core 621 also extends into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and the two are connected in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b. Similarly, another portion of the plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled extends into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the corresponding wire core 621 also extends into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the two are connected in the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a.

[0250] It is not difficult to see that the charging gun in this embodiment, while conveying the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 such as coolant, also cools the first charging terminal to be cooled and the wire core 621 in the charging gun, so that this embodiment provides cooling measures for the key components of the charging gun that generate heat during the charging process, so as to significantly improve the heating phenomenon of the key components of the charging process. In this way, through the cooling scheme provided by this embodiment, the charging gun can support a higher rate of charging power and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support faster fast charging technology. In addition, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in this embodiment will directly contact the first charging terminal to be cooled. Therefore, compared with the liquid cooling technology, under the same power, since there is no need to design isolation measures (isolation of coolant and heat dissipation components), the charging gun is smaller in size and lighter in weight, achieving the purpose of lightweight design, saving other auxiliary materials, achieving better production cost control, and improving the convenience of personnel operation.

[0251] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the battery cell 122 in the battery cavity 12A, the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110, the wire core 621 in the charging gun cable 620, and the first charging terminal to be cooled of the charging gun head 610 are all cooled by the insulating heat exchange fluid 503, so that this embodiment provides cooling measures for each key component that generates heat during the charging process of the eVTOL 10, so as to significantly improve the heating phenomenon of each key component during the charging process of the eVTOL. In this way, through the cooling solution provided by this embodiment, the ground maintenance system can further support a higher rate of charging power and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support faster fast charging technology.

[0252] In addition, in this embodiment, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 will directly contact the battery cell 122 in the battery cavity 12A, the charging power device 410 in the device cavity 110, the wire core 621 in the charging gun cable 620, and the first charging terminal to be cooled of the charging gun head 610 to provide immersion cooling. Therefore, under the same power, since there is no need to design isolation measures (isolation of coolant and heat dissipation components), the movable vehicle 100, the charging gun cable 620 and the charging gun head 610 are all smaller in size and lighter in weight, thereby improving the convenience of personnel operation.

[0253] Of course, since the cross-sectional shape of the charging gun head 610 is generally constructed as a symmetrical figure, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a can be constructed as a symmetrical structure, thereby fully utilizing the internal space of the charging gun head 610.

[0254] In one embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the charging gun cable 620, the phase change material is a solid-solid phase change material. It should be noted that the solid-solid phase change material can absorb or release heat in the solid state during the process of transforming from one crystal structure (phase state) to another crystal structure (phase state). During the phase change process of this material, the material remains in a solid state and the volume change is relatively small, so that it can not only store heat, but also ensure the structure of the charging gun cable 620. In one example, the solid-solid phase change material can be an organic polymer phase change material such as high-density polyethylene. Or, in another example, the solid-solid phase change material can be a composite phase change material of organic polymer and paraffin.

[0255] In one embodiment, the gun tip body 611 includes a gun tip outer shell 6111 , a gun tip inner core 6112 and a first elastic member 6114 .

[0256] One axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is connected to the charging gun cable 620, and the end surface of the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is provided with a receiving groove 61111, and the groove wall of the receiving groove 61111 is provided with at least one shell pressure relief port 61154, and the gun head shell 6111 defines a shell liquid inlet channel respectively connected with the receiving groove 61111 and the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, a shell liquid outlet channel respectively connected with the receiving groove 61111 and the liquid outlet pipe 6233a, and a shell pressure relief channel connected with the shell pressure relief port 61154; the gun head inner core 6112 is movably arranged in the receiving groove 61111 along the axial direction of the gun head shell 6111; the side of the gun head inner core 6112 opposite to the shell pressure relief port 61154 At least one inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the wall, and the number of the inner core pressure relief ports 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief ports 61154 is consistent and corresponds to each other. A liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a are defined in the gun head inner core 6112. The liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b is sealed and movably connected to the outer shell liquid inlet channel, and the outer shell liquid outlet channel is sealed and movably connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. The gun head inner core 6112 has a communication position in which each inner core pressure relief port 61129 is respectively opposite to and connected to the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port 61154; the first elastic member 6114 is arranged in the accommodating groove 61111, and the first elastic member 6114 often drives the gun head inner core 6112 away from the communication position.

[0257] Specifically, the gun head shell 6111 is an axial structure, and the outer contour shape of its radial cross-section can be a polygon such as a circle, a triangle, or a rectangle, which is not limited in this embodiment. The following is explained by taking a rectangle as an example. A receiving groove 61111 is provided on the end face of the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111, that is, the end that cooperates with the charging socket 17. The receiving groove 61111 extends along the axial direction of the gun head shell 6111 toward one axial end of the gun head shell 6111. One axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is connected to the charging gun cable 620. The gun head shell 6111 defines a shell liquid inlet channel and a shell liquid outlet channel, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the fluid pipeline 6233 in the charging gun cable 620 continues to flow into the gun head shell 6111.

[0258] The gun head inner core 6112 is an axial structure, which is movably assembled in the receiving groove 61111 along the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111. The gun head inner core 6112 is the part that is plugged into and matched with the plug-in groove 171 of the charging socket 17, that is, the gun head inner core 6112 defines the aforementioned liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. The liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b is sealed and movably connected to the liquid inlet channel of the outer shell, and the liquid outlet channel of the outer shell is sealed and movably connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. In this way, when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the fluid interface 112 on the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 cooperates with the machine end interface 173 on the charging socket 17, thereby establishing a corresponding medium channel. In addition, when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, various charging terminals are plugged into the corresponding slots on the charging socket 17.

[0259] For ease of understanding, the following description is based on the direction from one axial end to the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 as the upper direction. At this time, the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is the upper end of the gun head shell 6111, and the one axial end of the gun head shell 6111 is the lower end of the gun head shell 6111. Similarly, the end of the gun head inner core 6112 facing the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 (the groove wall opposite to the opening of the receiving groove 61111) is the lower end of the gun head inner core 6112, and the end of the gun head inner core 6112 facing away from the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 is the upper end of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0260] It should be noted that the matching relationship between the receiving slot 61111 and the charging socket 17 includes at least the following two situations:

[0261] (1) When the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the gun head outer shell 6111 half covers the charging socket 17 through the receiving groove 61111. That is, the charging socket 17 is inserted into the receiving groove 61111. It is not difficult to see that in this case, the matching between the charging gun and the charging socket 17 is tighter.

[0262] (2) When the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the charging socket 17, the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 extends from the opening of the receiving groove 61111, thereby protruding from the upper end surface of the gun head outer shell 6111. At this time, the charging socket 17 does not extend into the receiving groove 61111. It is not difficult to see that compared with the first case, the size and volume of the charging gun are smaller.

[0263] In addition, in order to reduce the size of the charging gun and avoid wasting the internal space of the charging gun, on the radial plane of the gun head shell 6111, the shape of the inner contour of the accommodating groove 61111 is consistent with the outer contour of the gun head inner core 6112, and the size between the two can satisfy the clearance fit, so as to facilitate the gun head inner core 6112 to slide smoothly in the accommodating groove 61111.

[0264] The groove wall of the receiving groove 61111 is provided with at least one shell pressure relief port 61154. Correspondingly, the side wall of the gun head inner core 6112 opposite to the shell pressure relief port 61154 is provided with at least one inner core pressure relief port 61129, and the number of the inner core pressure relief ports 61129 and the shell pressure relief ports 61154 are the same and correspond to each other one by one.

[0265] As an option of this embodiment, the shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, and correspondingly, the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112. Alternatively, as another option of this embodiment, the shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and correspondingly, the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112. Alternatively, as another option of this embodiment, part of the multiple shell pressure relief ports 61154 are opened on the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and another part is opened on the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, and correspondingly, part of the multiple inner core pressure relief ports 61129 are opened on the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, and another part is opened on the inner core outer peripheral wall.

[0266] See also Fig.12 , the gun head inner core 6112 is designed with a connection position in the moving stroke of the receiving groove 61111. At the connection position, each inner core pressure relief port 61129 is respectively opposite to the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port 61154 and is connected to each other. It can be seen that during the axial movement of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111 along the gun head outer shell 6111, when the gun head inner core 6112 is in a non-connected position, each inner core pressure relief port 61129 is not opposite to each other and / or is not connected to the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port 61154. Obviously, when the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is connected to the outer shell pressure relief port 61154, the outer shell pressure relief channel is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a inside the gun head inner core 6112, and the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a can be depressurized through the outer shell pressure relief channel. When the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is not connected to the outer shell pressure relief port 61154, neither the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b nor the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a is connected to the outer shell pressure relief channel.

[0267] At least one first elastic member 6114 is provided in the receiving groove 61111, which is used to always drive the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position. In this way, when the gun head inner core 6112 is not plugged into the charging socket 17, the first elastic member 6114 drives the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position. In the process of plugging the gun head inner core 6112 into the charging gun, the staff does work to overcome the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 6114, so that the gun head inner core 6112 can be moved to the connection position.

[0268] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, the pressure relief channel is adjustable in opening and closing. When not plugged into the charging socket 17, the shell pressure relief port 61154 is misaligned with the inner core pressure relief port 61129, and the pressure relief channel is not connected. In this way, when the air tightness test is performed on the ground on the channels through which the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows, such as the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a in the charging gun, the test error caused by the connection of the pressure relief channel can be avoided.

[0269] It can be understood that the connection position can be located in the middle of the travel of the gun tip inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111. At this time, the first elastic member 6114 can drive the gun tip inner core 6112 away from the connection position in the direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, or drive the gun tip inner core 6112 away from the connection position in the direction close to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Of course, when the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, the charging socket 17 will force the gun tip inner core 6112 to approach the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Therefore, please refer to Fig.12 In one embodiment, the connecting position is the end position of the travel of the gun tip inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111, moving toward the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the first elastic member 6114 often drives the gun tip inner core 6112 away from the connecting position in the direction away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111.

[0270] Specifically, the gun tip inner core 6112 is close to the opening of the receiving groove 61111 at the stroke starting position of the receiving groove 61111, and then moves inward along the insertion direction of the receiving groove 61111 until its stroke end position. In this way, when the staff pushes the gun tip outer shell 6111 to overcome the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 6114 and completes the connection between the charging socket 17 and the gun tip inner core 6112, the gun tip inner core 6112 will stay at its stroke end position relative to the receiving groove 61111, that is, no matter how much force the staff applies, the gun tip inner core 6112 will not continue to move further along the insertion direction of the receiving groove 61111 (from top to bottom). The gun head inner core 6112 at the end position of the stroke is also in the connecting position, so that when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the plug slot 171 of the charging socket 17, the gun head inner core 6112 is synchronously moved to the connecting position to connect the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129, thereby facilitating the operation of the staff and improving the operating efficiency.

[0271] It should be noted that the inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 are relative and connected to each other, and one of them can be provided with a pressure relief valve such as a one-way valve or a two-way valve. When the inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 are relative to each other and the spacing meets the requirements, the pressure relief valve is connected. For example, when the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is provided on the bottom wall of the accommodating groove 61111 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided on the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 are close to or away from each other in the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111. When the two are close to each other until the designed spacing is reached, the pressure relief valve is connected, and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is connected to the inner core pressure relief port 61129. On the contrary, when the two are away from each other, the pressure relief valve is closed, thereby preventing the insulating heat exchange fluid at the shell pressure relief port 61154 or the inner core pressure relief port 61129 from leaking into the containing groove 61111.

[0272] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 is provided with a shell pressure relief port 61154, and at least one inner core pressure relief port 61129 is provided at a position where the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 cooperates with the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. At this time, when the gun head inner core 6112 slides in the receiving groove 61111, the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 move from being staggered to being partially opposite to each other in the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111, and then until they are facing each other. Specifically, in the non-connected position, the shell pressure relief port 61154 is blocked by the outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112, and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is blocked by the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. In the process of the gun head inner core 6112 moving toward the connected position, the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 begin to be partially connected, until the two are completely facing each other and connected to each other.

[0273] It is not difficult to see that in the present embodiment, the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the inner core. When the two are staggered, they are naturally blocked. There is no need to additionally design an anti-leakage structure to prevent the insulating heat exchange fluid in the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 and / or the inner core pressure relief port 61129 from leaking into the receiving groove 61111, thereby making the internal structure of the charging gun simpler and more reliable.

[0274] The shell pressure relief port 61154 is opened on the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, so that the shell pressure relief channel is limited to the radial outside of the receiving groove 61111, such as being buried in the gun head shell 6111 at the side wall of the receiving groove 61111. However, it can be understood that this method will increase the thickness of the gun head shell 6111 to ensure the structural strength of the gun head shell 6111. Therefore, please refer to Figures 11 to 14In one embodiment, the charging gun also includes a holding piece, which is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111, and the holding piece is provided with a handle pressure relief port 61153. The portion of the holding piece close to the other axial end of the gun head shell 6111 extends into the accommodating groove 61111 and is provided with a shell pressure relief port 61154. An intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is defined in the holding piece, and the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is connected to both the shell pressure relief port 61154 and the handle pressure relief port 61153; wherein, the handle pressure relief port 61153 is connected to the shell pressure relief channel.

[0275] Specifically, the gripping member is a handle or a grip provided on the gun head housing 6111, which facilitates the staff to hold the gun head housing 6111 and facilitates the charging gun to be inserted into the charging socket 17. The following is an explanation using the handle as an example. It is understandable that, in order to facilitate the staff to apply force, multiple handles can be symmetrically provided, or multiple handles can be evenly spaced along the circumference of the charging gun housing.

[0276] See also Figures 11 to 14 The handle is arranged along the axial direction of the gun head shell 6111, with its upper end close to the upper end of the gun head shell 6111 and its lower end close to the lower end of the gun head shell 6111. In order to facilitate the staff to hold, the middle part of the handle can be spaced apart from the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111.

[0277] An intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is defined in the handle, and a handle pressure relief port 61153 communicating with the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 is formed at the lower end of the handle. The handle pressure relief port 61153 is communicated with the outer shell pressure relief channel of the gun head outer shell 6111. Fig.13 , the handle pressure relief port 61153 can be specifically opened at the lower end surface of the handle. At this time, the lower end surface of the handle can be tightly fitted to the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111 through fasteners such as screws, and the shell pressure relief channel extends to the position of the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111 that is opposite to the handle pressure relief port 61153, so that the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 in the handle is connected with the shell pressure relief channel in the gun head shell 6111. Of course, the lower end of the handle can also pass through the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111 to enter the gun head shell 6111 so that the handle pressure relief port 61153 is connected with the shell pressure relief channel. It is worth mentioning that the handle with the intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 inside can be only one of the multiple handles, of course, it can also be multiple or all of them.

[0278] The upper end of the handle can extend to the receiving groove 61111 and extend to between the part of the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 and the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and a shell pressure relief port 61154 is provided. In this way, in the radial inner side to radial outer side direction of the charging gun head 610, the part of the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 and one side end surface of the upper end of the handle are opposite to each other and the two can slide relative to each other, while the other side end surface of the upper end of the handle is tightly fitted to the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. Thus, the upper end of the handle replaces the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 to cooperate with the gun head inner core 6112, and there is no need to open a shell pressure relief port 61154 on the gun head outer shell 6111.

[0279] It is not difficult to see that in the present embodiment, by designing an outer shell pressure relief port 61154 which is adjustably matched with the inner core pressure relief port 61129 of the inner core 6112 of the gun tip on the handle, and making full use of the internal space of the handle to define an intermediate pressure relief channel 61151 which is connected to the outer shell pressure relief channel, compared with opening the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 on the side wall of the accommodating groove 61111, the structural strength of the gun tip outer shell 6111 can be significantly improved, and an increase in the thickness and other dimensions of the gun tip outer shell 6111 can be avoided.

[0280] See also Figures 11 to 14 as well as Figures 17 to 19 In one embodiment, part of the surface of the outer peripheral wall of the inner core is recessed to form a handle groove 61125, and the handle groove 61125 extends along the axial direction of the gun head shell 6111 to the axial ends of the gun head inner core 6112, and the groove wall of the handle groove 61125 is provided with an inner core pressure relief port 61129; the part of the gripping piece close to the other axial end extends into the accommodating groove 61111 to form a sliding portion 61152, and the sliding portion 61152 can be slidably assembled in the handle groove 61125.

[0281] Specifically, the surface of the inner core outer circumferential wall that does not match the handle is in close contact with and slides relatively to the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111. The surface of the inner core outer circumferential wall that matches the handle is recessed along the radial direction of the gun head inner core 6112 to form a handle slide groove 61125 for the handle to slide. In the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111, both ends of the handle slide groove 61125 extend to the axial end surfaces of the gun head inner core 6112, that is, the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 and the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0282] In addition, the upper end of the handle extends into the handle slide groove 61125 to form a corresponding sliding portion 61152 such as a slider, and the sliding portion 61152 can slide smoothly in the handle slide groove 61125. In this way, a corresponding sliding space is separated for the handle in the space formed by the receiving groove 61111, and the handle slides in the sliding space, which not only allows most of the surface of the gun head inner core 6112 to be in close contact with the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 to improve the aesthetics, but also allows most of the inner core outer peripheral walls of the gun head inner core 6112 to provide corresponding restraining force to make the movement of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111 more stable.

[0283] Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the sliding portion 61152 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the handle slide groove 61125, so that the sliding portion 61152 and the handle slide groove 61125 can also slide stably relative to each other.

[0284] In addition, in order to further improve the movement stability between the sliding portion 61152 and the handle slide groove 61125, in one embodiment, the sliding portion 61152 is bent and extended toward the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. In this way, there is a larger matching area between the sliding portion 61152 and the receiving groove 61111. In addition, the sliding portion 61152 is bent and extended, so that the sliding portion 61152 has a certain length in the receiving groove 61111, so that the upper end of the handle can be more stably attached to or fixed in the gun head shell 6111, and the gun head inner core 6112 is prevented from being separated from the sliding portion 61152 during the sliding process.

[0285] It can be understood that when the sliding portion 61152 is constructed as a slider or the like, it has at least three sidewalls that are slidably matched with the handle slide groove 61125, and the shell pressure relief port 61154 can be set on any of the three sidewalls. In one embodiment, the groove sidewall of the accommodating groove 61111 has a matching area that matches the sliding portion 61152; the side wall of the sliding portion 61152 that is away from the matching area is provided with a shell pressure relief port 61154, and the side wall of the handle slide groove 61125 that is opposite to the matching area is provided with an inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0286] Specifically, see Fig.13 and Fig.14 For any sliding part 61152, the side surface of the sliding part 61152 facing away from the gun head inner core 6112 is directly opposite to a part of the surface of the receiving groove 61111, and the part of the surface is the matching area of ​​the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 that matches with the sliding part 61152. The side wall of the sliding part 61152 facing away from the matching area is provided with a shell pressure relief port 61154, and correspondingly, the side wall of the handle sliding groove 61125 facing the matching area is provided with an inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0287] Compared with opening the inner core pressure relief port 61129 on the left and right side walls of the handle slide groove 61125 (which are respectively located on both sides of the groove wall on one side of the handle slide groove 61125 facing the matching area), the inner core pressure relief port 61129 is opened on the groove wall on one side of the handle slide groove 61125 facing the matching area, so that after the inner core pressure relief port 61129 and the outer shell pressure relief port 61154 are connected, the fluid in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a flows along the established pressure relief channel, and passes through fewer winding parts, and the flow path is smoother as a whole, thereby improving the pressure relief effect.

[0288] It is worth mentioning that when the charging function is provided, the materials of the gun head outer shell 6111 and the gun head inner core 6112 should meet the requirements of insulation performance, flame retardancy, weather resistance, low temperature resistance and toughness, such as PC (polycarbonate), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), PBT (polycarbonate / polybutylene terephthalate) One or more.

[0289] It is understandable that each region has corresponding standards for the interface layout of the charging gun. In order to adapt to such standards, in one embodiment, the end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 facing away from the bottom wall of the accommodating groove 61111 includes a standard charging interface area 61126 and an expansion area, and the expansion area is provided with a fluid interface 112; all first charging terminals to be cooled include multiple standard charging terminals, and all standard charging terminals are arranged in the standard charging interface area 61126.

[0290] Specifically, the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 includes a standard charging interface area 61126 and an extension area. All standard charging terminals in all first charging terminals to be cooled are arranged in the standard charging interface area 61126 and arranged in accordance with the layout specified by the corresponding standards. Of course, the shape and size of the standard charging interface area 61126 are also implemented in accordance with the corresponding standards. The extension area is located on one side of the standard charging interface area 61126, and at least one of the non-standard charging terminals, the fluid interface 112, and the charging terminals that do not require cooling in the first charging terminals to be cooled is arranged in the extension area.

[0291] In this way, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can not only cooperate with the charging socket 17 having the machine-end interface 173 and the non-standard charging interface, but also cooperate with the standard charging socket 17 to improve the adaptability of the charging gun of this embodiment.

[0292] It is understandable that for vehicles such as eVTOL, the fuselage includes not only the main power source such as the battery pack, but also the emergency low-voltage power source. Generally speaking, the emergency low-voltage power source is a low-voltage emergency battery, so that when the main power source of the eVTOL fails, the emergency low-voltage power source can quickly take over and provide the necessary power support for the key systems of the eVTOL (such as the flight control system, navigation system, communication system, etc.), ensuring that the eVTOL can land safely and stably. Generally speaking, when the emergency low-voltage power source is not used for a long time, it should also be charged and discharged every once in a while (such as every three months) to maintain battery activity and extend its service life. Therefore, please refer to Fig.11 and Fig. 20 In one embodiment, the multiple cores 621 include at least two low-voltage emergency charging cores, and the charging gun also includes at least two low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116. All low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 are arranged in the extension area, and the low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 extend into the gun head inner core 6112 and are connected to the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging cores.

[0293] Of course, the corresponding charging socket 17 on the eVTOL also has a corresponding low-voltage emergency charging socket, which cooperates with the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 to establish a charging channel for the emergency low-voltage power supply.

[0294] In this way, after the charging gun provided in this embodiment is connected to the charging socket 17 on the eVTOL, it can not only charge the main power supply, but also charge the emergency low-voltage power supply, expanding the function of the charging gun to reduce the steps of ground maintenance of the eVTOL. Of course, it is understandable that when the charging gun is matched with the charging socket 17, whether the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 is in operation can be controlled by the staff according to the work task.

[0295] In addition, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 is arranged in the expansion area. In this way, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can not only charge the main power supply, but also charge the low-voltage emergency power supply, and can also cooperate with the standard charging socket 17 to improve the adaptability of the charging gun of this embodiment.

[0296] It should be noted that the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 can be extended to the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a to be directly in contact with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 for cooling. Alternatively, since the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 generates limited heat during operation, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 can also be extended to a portion of the gun head inner core 6112 where the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are not provided, that is, the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 and the corresponding wire core 621 are not immersed in cooling, thereby improving safety.

[0297] It can be understood that the relative position relationship between the standard charging interface area 61126 and the expansion area can be that the standard charging interface area 61126 is inside, and the expansion area surrounds the outside of the standard charging interface area 61126. Alternatively, the standard charging interface area 61126 and the expansion area can be arranged on the left and right. Alternatively, in one embodiment, refer to Fig. 20 The expansion area includes a first expansion area 61127a and a second expansion area 61127b, and the first expansion area 61127a and the second expansion area 61127b are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the standard charging interface area 61126.

[0298] Specifically, the standard charging interface area 61126 is located at the geometric center of the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, and the first expansion area 61127a and the second expansion area 61127b are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the standard charging interface area 61126. Figures 17 to 20 In one example, the cross-sectional shape of the gun tip inner core 6112 is roughly rectangular, the geometric center of the rectangle is a circular standard charging interface area 61126, and the two sides are respectively a first expansion area 61127a and a second expansion area 61127b. At this time, a part of all low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 is arranged in the first expansion area 61127a, and another part of all low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 is symmetrically arranged in the second expansion area 61127b.

[0299] In addition, a portion of all fluid interfaces 112 is disposed in the first expansion area 61127a, and another portion of all fluid interfaces 112 is symmetrically disposed in the second expansion area 61127b.

[0300] When the layout is symmetrical, the staff aligns the standard charging interface area 61126 with the corresponding area on the charging socket 17, and then the fluid interface 112 and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminal 6116 can also be aligned. In this way, the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 not only meets the standard requirements, but also improves the appearance of the charging gun and the insertion efficiency through the symmetrical layout.

[0301] As an option of this embodiment, the first expansion area 61127a is directly opposite to at least a portion of the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, so that all low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 in the first expansion area 61127a extend into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and all fluid interfaces 112 are in communication with the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a. The second expansion area 61127b is directly opposite to at least a portion of the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, so that all low-voltage emergency power terminals 6116 in the second expansion area 61127b extend into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, and all fluid interfaces 112 are in communication with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b.

[0302] In addition, a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the inner core 6112 of the gun head, a first end of the pressure relief three-way channel is connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, a second end of the pressure relief three-way channel is connected to the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and a third end of the pressure relief three-way channel is connected to the inner core pressure relief port 61129; the charging gun head 610 also includes two pressure relief valves, one pressure relief valve is arranged at the first end, and the other pressure relief valve is arranged at the second end.

[0303] See also Fig.18 Specifically, the gun tip inner core 6112 can separate a chamber between the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a and the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and in the area corresponding to the inner core pressure relief port 61129. A Y-shaped tube is installed in the chamber, and a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the Y-shaped tube. The first end extends to communicate with the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, the second end extends to communicate with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and the third end extends to communicate with the inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0304] See also Fig.18 and Fig.19 In order to facilitate smooth pressure relief, the central axis of the Y-shaped tube is on the same radial plane of the gun head inner core 6112, and the central axis of the third end is colinear with the central axis of the inner core pressure relief port 61129, so that in the axial direction of the gun head shell 6111, the Y-shaped tube and the inner core pressure relief port 61129 are approximately at the same height, and the third end of the Y-shaped tube is directly opposite to the inner core pressure relief port 61129. In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 entering the pressure relief three-way channel from the second end or the first end can flow smoothly into the inner core pressure relief port 61129.

[0305] It is worth mentioning that the pressure relief three-way channel is used only when an abnormal situation occurs in the delivery of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503. In order to avoid leakage of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 under normal circumstances, the charging gun also includes two pressure relief valves, one pressure relief valve is arranged at the first end, and the other pressure relief valve is arranged at the second end. It can be understood that the pressure relief valve can be a one-way valve or a two-way valve, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0306] It is worth mentioning that the flow direction of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a can be reversed. At this time, the two pressure relief valves can relieve pressure correspondingly according to the reversal of the flow direction.

[0307] It should be noted that when the charging gun is configured as a fast charging gun, the heat generated by the standard charging terminal is also relatively high, so it is necessary to cool it. Fig.18In one embodiment, a first standard cavity 61123 and a second standard cavity 61124 are further defined in the gun tip inner core 6112. On the radial plane of the gun tip inner core 6112, the first standard cavity 61123, the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b, the second standard cavity 61124 and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a are sequentially distributed along the circumference of the gun tip inner core 6112; the high-voltage DC positive terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply positive terminal in the plurality of standard charging terminals are connected to the corresponding wire core 621 in the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the high-voltage DC negative terminal and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply negative terminal in the plurality of standard charging terminals are connected to the corresponding wire core 621 in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b. The corresponding wire core 621 is connected; the charging gun also includes a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, a first charging connection terminal, a second charging connection terminal and a grounding terminal. The first communication terminal, the second communication terminal, the first charging connection terminal and the second charging connection terminal are all arranged at a position of the standard charging interface area 61126 facing the first standard cavity 61123; the grounding terminal is arranged at a position of the standard charging interface area 61126 facing the second standard cavity 61124; wherein, the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 at the first standard cavity 61123 is provided with an inner core pressure relief port 61129, and a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the first standard cavity 61123.

[0308] Specifically, taking the standard charging interface area 61126 as an example of the DC pin layout area, it includes 9 standard charging terminals, including DC power supply (DC+, DC-), shared grounding (PE) between the vehicle and the charging pile, message interaction communication (S+, S-), vehicle and charging pile connection confirmation communication (CC, CC), and low-voltage auxiliary power supply (A+, A-). Among them, the DC+ terminal is the high-voltage DC positive terminal, the A+ terminal is the low-voltage auxiliary power supply positive terminal, the A- terminal is the low-voltage auxiliary power supply negative terminal, and the DC- terminal is the high-voltage DC negative terminal. The PE terminal is the grounding terminal, the S+ terminal is the first communication terminal, the S- terminal is the second communication terminal, the CC terminal is the first charging connection terminal, and the CC terminal is the second charging connection terminal.

[0309] The liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a is not only opposite to the first expansion area 61127a, but also opposite to the area where the DC+ terminal and the A+ terminal in the standard charging interface area 61126 are located, so that the DC+ terminal and the A+ terminal are both extended into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a and connected to the corresponding wire core 621. The liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b is not only opposite to the second expansion area 61127b, but also opposite to the area where the DC- terminal and the A- terminal in the standard charging interface area 61126 are located, so that the DC- terminal and the A- terminal are both extended into the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and connected to the corresponding wire core 621.

[0310] In this way, the charging gun provided in this embodiment can also realize the cooling of DC high-voltage devices such as DC+ terminal, A+ terminal, DC- terminal and A- terminal, and provide further cooling measures for the key components of the charging gun that generate heat during the charging process, so as to significantly improve the heating phenomenon of the key components of the charging process. In this way, through the cooling solution provided in this embodiment, the charging gun can support a higher rate of charging power and reduce the charging time, that is, it can support faster fast charging technology.

[0311] As for the S+ terminal, S- terminal, CC terminal, CC terminal and PE terminal, since the above-mentioned standard charging terminals do not generate obvious heat during charging, in order to avoid contact with the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 and increase the risk of leakage, the above-mentioned terminals do not extend into the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a or the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b. In order to accommodate this part of the standard charging terminals in the gun tip inner core 6112, a first standard cavity 61123 and a second standard cavity 61124 are defined in the gun tip inner core 6112. Among them, in the axial direction of the gun tip inner core 6112, the first standard cavity 61123 is located directly below the S+ terminal, S- terminal, CC terminal and CC terminal, and the second standard cavity 61124 is located directly below the PE terminal. It is worth mentioning that the first standard cavity 61123 , the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a , the second standard cavity 61124 , and the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b are independent of each other, thereby achieving dry and wet isolation within the gun tip inner core 6112 to improve the overall safety of the gun tip inner core 6112 .

[0312] In addition, the inner core outer peripheral wall of the gun head inner core 6112 at the first standard cavity 61123 is provided with an inner core pressure relief port 61129, and a pressure relief three-way channel is defined in the first standard cavity 61123. At this time, the aforementioned Y-shaped tube is arranged in the first standard cavity 61123. Therefore, the present embodiment integrates the Y-shaped tube in the first standard cavity 61123, thereby making full use of the space in the gun head inner core 6112. Of course, in other embodiments, a Y-shaped tube may also be arranged in the second standard cavity 61124, thereby establishing a pressure relief channel with the corresponding handle.

[0313] See also Fig.12In one embodiment, a wiring cavity 61112 is further defined in the gun head shell 6111, and the wiring cavity 61112 is disposed between the accommodating groove 61111 and one axial end of the gun head shell 6111. The charging gun further includes a plurality of detection elements, a control module and an operating member 61115. The detection element is disposed in the gun head inner core 6112 or the gun head shell 6111, and the control module is disposed in the wiring cavity 61112. The control module is respectively connected to each detection element in communication, and the control module has a plurality of status indicator lights 61116; the operating member 61115 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111, and a portion of the operating member 61115 penetrates the outer peripheral wall of the shell and extends into the wiring cavity 61112 to connect with the control module; the operating member 61115 includes a touch screen and / or a control button.

[0314] Among them, a plurality of lamp mounting holes are opened on the outer wall of the shell, and the lamp mounting holes are connected with the wiring cavity 61112. The number of the plurality of lamp mounting holes is consistent with the number of the plurality of status indicator lights 61116 and corresponds to each other one by one, so that each status indicator light 61116 can extend into the corresponding lamp mounting hole and emerge from the corresponding lamp mounting hole.

[0315] Specifically, detection elements such as flow sensors, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors can be installed in the gun tip inner core 6112 to detect parameters such as flow, pressure, and temperature in the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a. Detection elements such as ammeters or voltmeters can also be installed in the gun tip outer shell 6111.

[0316] The upper part of the gun head shell 6111 defines the aforementioned receiving groove 61111, and the lower part of the gun head shell 6111 defines the wiring cavity 61112. Of course, the receiving groove 61111 and the wiring cavity 61112 can also be connected to each other. The control module in the wiring cavity 61112 can be constructed as an integrated control board, and the corresponding circuit module is arranged on the integrated control board, so as to realize the communication and some functional control operations between the control center of the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL. The specific content of the communication includes but is not limited to: inlet and outlet liquid pressure, inlet and outlet liquid temperature, flow, liquid circuit connection status, charging status, discharge status, battery status information, fault or alarm information, historical log, thermal management strategy identification, environmental information, etc. Functional control operations include but are not limited to emergency stop (charging and discharging stop, liquid and air intake stop, etc.), information query (connection status confirmation, battery information query, fault and alarm information query, etc.), communication connection operation (Bluetooth, LAN, etc. connection) and other functions.

[0317] Thus, the ground maintenance system and the eVTOL complete the communication connection (cable connection) through the connection between the charging gun and the charging socket 17. The eVTOL communication content includes flight logs, battery status information (including but not limited to total battery voltage, battery cell voltage, charge and discharge current, battery temperature, battery operation data, control device switch status, etc.), equipment status information (including but not limited to airborne ground power supply equipment, airborne ground thermal management equipment, etc.), and the parameter information collected by the aforementioned flow sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors and other detection elements is also uploaded to the ground maintenance system and eVTOL through the communication bus.

[0318] It is understandable that the ground maintenance system can collect ground energy storage status information (including but not limited to energy storage system power, energy storage system output power, energy storage system output current, energy storage system control device switch status, etc.), charging and discharging parameters (including but not limited to charging current, charging power, expected charging time, etc.) and equipment status information, thermal management parameters and equipment status information (including but not limited to cooling and heating power, output flow, inlet and outlet liquid temperature, target temperature value, etc.), equipment operation log (including operation time, historical data, fault and alarm information, etc.). Then, when the ground maintenance system and eVTOL are docked, they can transmit the aforementioned status information to the cloud server through wired, wireless, Bluetooth, local area network, etc. for storage or reading.

[0319] The control module can display the parameter information collected by the aforementioned flow sensor, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and other detection elements through multiple status indicator lights 61116 on the charging gun. Of course, the gun head housing 6111 may also include a status indicator light 61116 that displays whether the charging and discharging status is normal, whether the communication with the eVTOL or ground maintenance system is normal, etc. In one example, the status indicator light 61116 includes but is not limited to a high-voltage charging indicator light, a V charging indicator light, a communication indicator light, and a thermal management status indicator light. In addition, the gun head housing 6111 is also provided with operating parts 61115 such as a touch screen, a control button, and a control knob, and different operating parts 61115 are configured with corresponding functions. In one example, the operating parts 61115 include but are not limited to a communication button and an emergency stop button. The staff can perform corresponding operations through the operating parts 61115.

[0320] During the ground charging, discharging and thermal management operations, since the ground maintenance system is far away from the eVTOL10 docking location, when the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are in an abnormal state, it is impossible to promptly notify the ground maintenance system operator, or it is impossible to move to the ground equipment operating table in time to stop the charging, discharging or thermal management operations. Therefore, after the operator completes the docking of the charging gun and the charging socket 17, during the ground charging, discharging or thermal management operations, the operator can observe the operating status nearby in real time through the display status of the status indicator light 61116 on the charging gun. For example, in one example, when an abnormal state occurs, the operator can complete the emergency stop operation nearby through the emergency stop button on the handheld device or mobile device, or the emergency stop button on the gun head housing 6111. In a certain example, the operator can also view the ground thermal management and charging and discharging status information nearby in real time through the control panel installed on the charging gun, and start or stop the operation.

[0321] In one embodiment, one end of the pressure relief channel of the shell extends to the end face of one axial end, and the other end of the pressure relief channel of the shell is connected to the wiring cavity 61112; the portion of the holding piece close to one axial end passes through the outer peripheral wall of the shell to extend into the wiring cavity 61112, and the end face of the portion of the holding piece close to one axial end is provided with a handle pressure relief port 61153; the charging gun also includes a connecting tube 61155, which is arranged in the wiring cavity 61112, and the handle pressure relief port 61153 is connected to the pressure relief channel of the shell through the connecting tube 61155.

[0322] See also Fig.12 Specifically, a cable integrated head 61113 is provided at the lower end of the gun head shell 6111, and the cable integrated head 61113 has multiple cable perforations, and various wire cores 621 or water pipes extend through the cable perforations into the wiring cavity 61112. Among them, the wire core 621 passes through the wiring cavity 61112, the gap between the accommodating groove 61111 and the lower end of the gun head inner core 6112, and the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, and then enters the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a of the gun head inner core 6112. The water pipe includes a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief pipe defines a shell pressure relief channel. The lower end of the handle passes through the side wall of the wiring cavity 61112 and extends into the wiring cavity 61112.

[0323] In this embodiment, the handle is connected to the pressure relief pipe through a connecting tube 61155. One end of the connecting tube 61155 is sleeved on the portion of the handle extending into the wiring cavity 61112 to achieve sealed communication with the handle pressure relief channel, and the other end is inserted into the pressure relief pipe to be sealed and connected with the pressure relief pipe. The connecting tube 61155 can be a hose or a hard tube, which is not limited in this embodiment. Of course, since the wiring in the wiring cavity 61112 is relatively dense, a hose is more conducive to wiring in the wiring cavity 61112.

[0324] The water pipe also includes a fluid pipe, which is used to connect the gun head inner core 6112 and the charging gun cable 620. However, in this embodiment, the gun head inner core 6112 and the gun head outer shell 6111 can slide relative to each other. In order to achieve the sealed and movable connection between the gun head inner core 6112 and the fluid pipe, it can be connected through a soft water pipe. However, the distance between the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 and the bottom wall of the groove of the receiving groove 61111 is long when they are away from each other, resulting in a long length of the soft water pipe, and the long soft water pipe will occupy the space in the receiving groove 61111, affecting the stroke length of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111, and even forcing the volume of the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a of the gun head inner core 6112 to be reduced to leave enough space to accommodate the soft water pipe.

[0325] Therefore, please refer to Fig.12 , Fig.17 and Fig.19 In one embodiment, the bottom wall of the accommodating groove 61111 is provided with a plurality of channel openings; a part of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the liquid inlet channel of the shell, and another part of the plurality of channel openings is communicated with the liquid outlet channel of the shell; the gun head body 611 further comprises a pipe joint 6113, the pipe joint 6113 is protrudingly arranged on an end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 facing the bottom wall of the groove, at least part of the pipe joints 6113 among the two pipe joints 6113 is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and another part of the pipe joints 6113 among the two pipe joints 6113 is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b, and 6113 is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, and the pipe joint 6113 includes a plurality of tapered portions sequentially connected along the protruding direction of the pipe joint 6113, and the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases in the protruding direction; wherein, the pipe joint 6113 is suitable for being inserted into the liquid inlet channel or the liquid outlet channel of the shell from the channel opening, and the tapered portion is interference fit with the liquid inlet channel or the liquid outlet channel of the shell, so that the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b is communicated with the liquid inlet channel of the shell, and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a is communicated with the liquid outlet channel of the shell in a sealed and movable manner.

[0326] Specifically, a portion of the fluid tube in the wiring cavity 61112 defines a liquid inlet channel of the shell, and another portion of the fluid tube defines a liquid outlet channel of the shell, and one end of the fluid tube extends to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 to form a channel opening. A pipe joint 6113 is protruding from the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112. The pipe joint 6113 can be integrally formed with the gun head inner core 6112, or it can also be an independent component and fixedly installed on the gun head inner core 6112. The pipe joint 6113 protrudes downward along the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111.

[0327] The pipe joint 6113 includes a plurality of tapered portions connected in sequence along the protruding direction of the pipe joint 6113, and the outer diameter of the tapered portion gradually decreases in the protruding direction. When the pipe joint 6113 is matched with the fluid pipe, part of the tapered portion always extends into the fluid pipe, and part of the outer peripheral wall of the tapered portion extending into the fluid pipe is interference fit with the fluid pipe, thereby achieving sealing and active communication between the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a and the corresponding fluid pipe.

[0328] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, when the gun head inner core 6112 is away from or close to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, the pipe joint 6113 can be fully or partially extended into the fluid tube, and the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b or the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a is always kept in sealed and movable communication with the corresponding fluid tube. In this process, the pipe joint 6113 does not occupy the moving space of the gun head inner core 6112, thus reducing the overall size of the charging gun, making the internal structure of the charging gun more compact and fully utilized. In addition, in order to further improve the sealing performance, the small diameter end sleeve of the tapered portion is provided with a sealing ring or other sealing parts.

[0329] The first elastic member 6114 can be arranged as a tension spring embedded in the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, one end of the tension spring is connected to the gun head inner core 6112, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the receiving groove 61111, and the two ends are spaced a certain distance apart in the axial direction of the gun head outer shell 6111. This tension spring structure does not occupy the space between the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111, which is conducive to the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 being able to stop at the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111 during the movement. However, this structure will occupy the groove side space of the receiving groove 61111 and increase the thickness of the gun head outer shell 6111.

[0330] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the first elastic member 6114 is a compression spring, which is disposed between an end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 facing the groove bottom wall and the groove bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. Thus, one end of the compression spring is connected to the lower end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111.

[0331] In addition, the compression spring can be sleeved on the radial outer side of the pipe joint 6113, so there is no need to design a guide column structure for installing the compression spring in the accommodating groove 61111.

[0332] In addition, in order to allow the compression spring to have sufficient elastic potential energy to always drive the gun head inner core 6112 away from the connection position, the length of a single compression spring may be relatively large, thereby occupying the space in the receiving groove 61111, thereby affecting the travel distance of the gun head inner core 6112 in the receiving groove 61111. Therefore, the first elastic member 6114 includes multiple compression springs with smaller outer diameters and / or lengths in parallel to achieve stronger elasticity, thereby replacing a single compression spring. It is not difficult to see that multiple first elastic members 6114 can reduce the occupation of the space in the receiving groove 61111, making the overall structure of the gun head shell 6111 and the gun head inner core 6112 more compact.

[0333] In addition, the shell pressure relief channel of the gun head shell 6111 can be directly connected to the outside world, so as to discharge the leaked small amount of insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to the outside world. Alternatively, in one embodiment, a pressure relief reflux channel extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 is defined in the charging gun cable 620, and the shell pressure relief channel of the gun head shell 6111 is connected to the pressure relief reflux channel. As a result, the leaked small amount of insulating heat exchange fluid 503 is also recycled, thereby avoiding waste of resources and preventing the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 from polluting the external environment.

[0334] Since in some embodiments, the gun head housing 6111 is also provided with components such as a control module, the overall weight of the gun head housing 6111 is relatively heavy. In order to improve the plugging stability between the charging gun and the charging socket 17, in one embodiment, the charging socket 17 is adapted to extend into the receiving groove 61111 of the charging gun and plug and match with the gun head inner core 6112 of the charging gun. Thus, each charging terminal on the gun head inner core 6112 plugs and matches with the corresponding slot on the charging socket 17, and the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 and the groove side wall of the receiving groove 61111 are frictionally matched. The two-point cooperation makes the friction between the charging gun and the charging socket 17 greater, so that the connection between the two is more stable.

[0335] In addition, in one embodiment, the gun head shell 6111 also includes: a first matching structure and a third matching structure, the first matching structure is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell 6111, and is used to detachably match with the second matching structure of the charging socket 17 of the vehicle, and the second matching structure is arranged on the radial outside of the charging socket 17; the third matching structure is arranged at the accommodating groove 61111 of the gun head shell 6111, and is used to detachably match with the fourth matching structure of the charging socket 17, and the fourth matching structure is arranged at the plug-in groove 171 of the charging socket 17.

[0336] Specifically, in this embodiment, on the basis of the friction fit connection, the charging gun head 610 and the charging socket 17 are further locked through the second fit structure and the first fit structure on the outside of the two, and the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure inside the receiving groove 61111 are further locked. It is not difficult to see that the second fit structure and the first fit structure, the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure are locked from the inside and outside of the charging gun, respectively, so that the charging gun can be more firmly fixed to the charging socket 17, reducing the risk of accidental falling off after the charging gun is inserted into the charging socket 17. In this way, even if the friction fit fails, the second fit structure and the first fit structure, the fourth fit structure and the third fit structure can prevent the charging gun from falling off and causing liquid leakage or charging failure.

[0337] It can be understood that the second matching structure and the first matching structure can be structures such as snaps, locking pins, etc. For example, in one embodiment, the second matching structure defines a groove; the first matching structure is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the shell and is suitable for hooking in the groove.

[0338] See also Fig.21 Specifically, one side wall of the gun head housing 6111 can protrude to form an inclined platform, and the inclined platform is pivotally connected to a buckle 6117. The buckle 6117 can be constructed as a hook, a ring, etc. Correspondingly, a buckle hook 175 is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17, or on the aircraft body of the eVTOL10 at the charging socket 17, and the buckle hook 175 defines a groove with an opening on one side. After the charging socket 17 and the gun head inner core 6112 are plugged in, the buckle 6117 can be rotated until it is hooked on the buckle hook 175. Of course, before separating the charging gun from the charging socket 17, the buckle 6117 needs to be disengaged from the buckle hook 175.

[0339] The fourth matching structure and the first matching structure can also be configured as a locking pin, a buckle, and other structures. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the third matching structure is configured as a locking hole 61156 opened on the outer peripheral wall of the shell, and the locking hole 61156 is connected to the accommodating groove 61111; the fourth matching structure includes: a locking tongue 178 and a position switching assembly, the locking tongue 178 is arranged in the plug-in groove 171, and the locking tongue 178 is configured to be movable between an extended position and an avoidance position, in the extended position, the locking tongue 178 is suitable for extending into the locking hole 61156, and in the avoidance position, the locking tongue 178 avoids the gun head shell 6111; the position switching assembly is arranged in the plug-in groove 171, and the position switching assembly is suitable for driving the locking tongue 178 to move from the avoidance position to the extended position when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the plug-in groove 171.

[0340] See also Fig.21Specifically, at least one locking hole 61156 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the shell, and the locking hole 61156 extends along the radial direction of the gun head shell 6111 to communicate with the accommodating groove 61111.

[0341] Since the charging socket 17 is suitable for extending into the accommodating groove 61111, the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 is provided with a lock tongue mounting hole along its radial direction, and the lock tongue mounting hole extends along the radial direction of the charging socket 17 to communicate with the plug-in groove 171. Part of the lock tongue 178 is fitted into the lock tongue mounting hole, and its inner end extends into the plug-in groove 171. The lock tongue 178 can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the gun head housing 6111 in the lock tongue mounting hole. When the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, the lock hole 61156 and the lock tongue mounting hole are aligned and connected one by one. When the lock tongue 178 is extended to the extended position, the lock tongue 178 protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the charging socket 17 and its length can extend into the lock hole 61156. When the lock tongue 178 retracts to the avoidance position, the lock tongue 178 can be completely retracted into the lock tongue mounting hole, or it can partially protrude from the outer wall of the charging socket 17, as long as it does not affect the input of the charging socket 17 into the accommodating groove 61111, that is, the lock tongue 178 can avoid the gun head housing 6111, so that it can slide relative to the outer wall of the charging socket 17.

[0342] The specific position of the lock tongue 178 is controlled by the position switching component. It is understandable that the position switching component can be constructed as an electromagnet, which drives the lock tongue 178 to extend and retract. Alternatively, the position switching component can also be constructed as an electric control structure composed of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and an electric control switch. However, the above structure is relatively complicated, and it is not possible to realize that the lock tongue 178 automatically extends to the extended position when the charging gun is plugged into the charging socket 17, and additional instructions are required for control.

[0343] Therefore, in one embodiment, the bolt 178 includes a first mating hole 1782 and a second mating hole 1781 that are sequentially formed and communicate with each other in a direction from the radially inner side to the radially outer side of the insertion slot 171, and in the width direction of the bolt 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781; the position switching assembly includes: a seat body 176, a limiting rod 177, a second elastic member 1792, and a third elastic member 1791. The seat body 176 is disposed in the insertion slot 171. A rod moving hole is formed in a side wall of the seat body 176 facing the opening of the insertion slot 171. The seat body 176 is further provided with a bolt moving hole. When the inner core 6112 of the gun head is inserted and fitted with the insertion slot 171, the bolt moving hole and the locking hole 61156 are directly opposite to each other. A component accommodating cavity 1761 that communicates with the rod moving hole and the bolt moving hole is defined in the seat body 176; wherein, the bolt 178 is slidably assembled in the bolt moving hole; the limiting rod 177 is movably disposed in the rod moving hole along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171, and one end of the limiting rod 177 extends out of the rod moving hole to protrude from a side wall of the seat body 176 facing the opening of the insertion slot 171. In the insertion direction of the insertion slot 171, the limiting rod 177 includes a small-diameter portion 1771 and a large-diameter portion 1772 that are sequentially arranged, and the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 1772 is larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 1771. The limiting rod 177 has a limiting position and a triggering position. In the limiting position, the large-diameter portion 1772 is engaged with the second mating hole 1781, and in the triggering position, the small-diameter portion 1771 is engaged with the first mating hole 1782; the second elastic member 1792 is disposed in the component accommodating cavity 1761, and the second elastic member 1792 always drives the bolt 178 to move toward the extended position; the third elastic member 1791 is disposed in the component accommodating cavity 1761, and the third elastic member 1791 always drives the limiting rod 177 to move toward the triggering position.

[0344] Specifically, please refer to Figure 22 to Figure 24 , the seat body 176 can be configured as a U-shaped plate member, installed in the insertion slot 171, with its opening facing the slot side wall of the insertion slot 171 and directly opposite to and communicating with the bolt mounting hole. At this time, the top plate of the U-shaped plate member faces the opening direction of the insertion slot 171 and is provided with a rod moving hole. The bottom plate of the U-shaped plate member can be fixed to the insertion slot 171 by means such as glue bonding, screw fastening, or welding. The middle plate of the U-shaped plate member extends along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171 (the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111), and it is spaced apart from the slot side wall of the insertion slot 171 to define the component accommodating cavity 1761.

[0345] The inner end of the locking tongue 178 extends from the locking tongue mounting hole into the component receiving cavity 1761 and is connected to the second elastic member 1792. The second elastic member 1792 can be configured as a leaf spring, a compression spring, a disc spring or other structures, and is disposed between the inner end of the locking tongue 178 and the middle plate of the U-shaped plate member, and always drives the locking tongue 178 to extend outward to the extended position. It is worth mentioning that in the direction from the radial inner side to the radial outer side of the insertion slot 171, the locking tongue 178 includes a first mating hole 1782 and a second mating hole 1781 that are sequentially formed and communicate with each other, and in the width direction of the locking tongue 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781. For example, in one example, the first mating hole 1782 and the second mating hole 1781 together form a hole in the shape of a "convex" character, where the protruding part of the "convex" character is the first mating hole 1782, and the rest of the "convex" character is the second mating hole 1781. Obviously, in the width direction of the locking tongue 178, the size of the first mating hole 1782 is smaller than the size of the second mating hole 1781. Of course, in other examples, the first mating hole 1782 and the second mating hole 1781 can also be configured as hole structures in the shape of an "L", etc., and the present embodiment does not limit this.

[0346] A limiting rod 177 is also installed in the component receiving cavity 1761. The limiting rod 177 can move in the rod moving hole along the depth direction of the insertion slot 171 (the same as the axial direction of the gun head housing 6111), and one end of the limiting rod 177 extends out of the rod moving hole to protrude from the top plate of the U-shaped plate member, and the other end of the limiting rod 177 is connected to the third elastic member 1791. The third elastic member 1791 can be configured as a leaf spring, a compression spring, a disc spring or other structures. The third elastic member 1791 always drives the limiting rod 177 to move outward toward the outside of the insertion slot 171 to the limiting position.

[0347] In the insertion direction of the insertion slot 171, the limiting rod 177 is a variable diameter structure, specifically including a small diameter portion 1771 and a large diameter portion 1772 that are sequentially arranged, and the outer diameter dimension of the large diameter portion 1772 is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the small diameter portion 1771. It is worth mentioning that the outer diameter dimension of the large diameter portion 1772 is larger than the width dimension of the first mating hole 1782, so that the large diameter portion 1772 cannot extend into the first mating hole 1782. The outer diameter dimension of the small diameter portion 1771 is smaller than the width dimension of the first mating hole 1782, so that it can extend into the first mating hole 1782.

[0348] In this way, in the process of matching the gun head inner core 6112 with the plug-in slot 171, the gun head inner core 6112 and the plug-in slot 171 are close to each other, and the limit rod 177 is in the limit position at this time, that is, the large diameter portion 1772 extends into the second matching hole 1781. One end of the limit rod 177 first contacts the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112. In this process, the charging socket 17 as a whole pushes the gun head inner core 6112 to move to the end position of the stroke in the accommodating slot 61111. At the same time, the gun head inner core 6112 pushes the limit rod 177 in the reverse direction to overcome the elastic potential energy of the third elastic member 1791 and move to the trigger position until the large diameter portion 1772 of the limit rod 177 is disengaged from the second matching hole 1781 in the insertion direction of the plug-in slot 171, and the small diameter portion 1771 enters the second matching hole 1781. Under the action of the second elastic member 1792 , the locking tongue 178 extends to the extended position, and at the same time, the small-diameter portion 1771 is inserted into the first matching hole 1782 .

[0349] It is not difficult to see that in this embodiment, the position control of the lock tongue 178 can be achieved through mechanical structures such as the first matching hole 1782, the second matching hole 1781, the limit rod 177, the second elastic member 1792 and the third elastic member 1791, and the above structure can naturally complete the extension of the lock tongue 178 when the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are plugged in and matched, without the need for additional operation by the staff, and has high reliability.

[0350] It is worth mentioning that the large diameter portion 1772 and the small diameter portion 1771 can be connected by a conical transition, or a step can be formed at the connection between the two. The step formed at the connection between the two facilitates the large diameter portion 1772 to quickly disengage from the second matching hole 1781, and the small diameter portion 1771 to quickly enter the first matching hole 1782, thereby improving the position switching rate of the lock tongue 178.

[0351] Of course, it is understandable that when the charging gun and the charging socket 17 are separated, the locking tongue 178 can be pushed back to the avoidance position using a tool such as a paddle.

[0352] In addition, in order to prevent the limiting rod 177 from being completely retracted into the rod movable hole, a cap portion is formed at the other end of the limiting rod 177, and the outer diameter of the cap portion is larger than the aperture of the rod movable hole.

[0353] It should be noted that the fourth matching structure may also be disposed on the gun head housing 6111 , and the corresponding third matching structure is disposed in the plug-in slot 171 .

[0354] To ensure that the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112 can stably push the limit rod 177, refer to Fig.11 and Fig. 20In one embodiment, a boss 61122 is protruded from one end of the gun head inner core 6112 away from the bottom wall of the receiving groove 61111. The limiting rod 177 is adapted to stop at the boss 61122 when the gun head inner core 6112 is plugged into the plug groove 171.

[0355] The boss 61122 can be integrally formed with the gun head inner core 6112, and a corresponding cavity can be defined therein, thereby expanding the volume of the liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a. Alternatively, the boss 61122 can be a molded part fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112, which is bonded or welded to the upper end surface of the gun head inner core 6112.

[0356] See also Fig.21 and Fig. 22 In order to enable the charging socket 17 of this embodiment to independently cooperate with the standard charging gun, in one embodiment, a standard DC charging interface 172 is provided in the plug slot 171, and the third matching structure is provided on the outside of the standard DC charging interface 172 and is spaced apart from each other.

[0357] Specifically, the standard DC charging interface 172 is provided at the geometric center of the bottom wall of the plug slot 171 of the charging socket 17. The left and right sides of the standard DC charging interface 172 are respectively the first extended matching area 174a and the second extended matching area 174b. The first extended matching area 174a matches with the first extended area 61127a of the charging gun, and the second extended matching area 174b matches with the second extended area 61127b. At this time, the aforementioned third matching structure is arranged in the first extended area 61127a or the second extended area 61127b, and is separated from the standard DC charging interface 172.

[0358] In order to improve the reliability of fastening, in one embodiment, the fourth matching structure and the third matching structure are both provided with multiple ones. Specifically, the third matching structure can be provided with four, and the four are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the standard DC charging interface 172. Correspondingly, the fourth matching structure and the boss 61122 on the gun head housing 6111 are also provided with four. Of course, the third matching structure can also be four or more, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0359] See also Fig.16In one embodiment, a gun tip cooling cavity 61121c and a fluid flow channel 6234 are further defined in the charging gun tip 610, one end of the fluid flow channel 6234 is connected to the fluid interface 112, and the other end of the fluid flow channel 6234 is connected to the fluid pipeline 6233; the charging gun also includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, the second charging terminal to be cooled is arranged in the gun tip cooling cavity 61121c and connected to the corresponding wire core 621, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the gun tip cooling cavity 61121c.

[0360] The second charging terminal to be cooled may be at least part of all the charging terminals. The second charging terminal to be cooled is assembled in the charging gun head 610, one end of which penetrates the mating end surface of the charging gun head 610 and the charging socket 17 to be exposed from the charging gun head 610, and the other end of the second charging terminal to be cooled extends to the tail to be connected to the wire core 621.

[0361] A first cable cooling channel 6236 and a second cable cooling channel 6237 are also provided in the charging gun cable 620. The first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are both used for the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 to flow through; one end of the first cable cooling channel 6236 and one end of the second cable cooling channel 6237 are both connected to the gun head cooling cavity 61121c; the other end of the first cable cooling channel 6236 is connected to the thermal management module 500, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel 6237 is connected to the device cavity 110, so that the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are connected in the device heat exchange branch 501.

[0362] Specifically, the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 are channels arranged in parallel with the fluid pipe 6233 in the charging gun cable 620, and both extend along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620 and penetrate the charging gun cable 620. Different from the fluid pipe 6233, the first cable cooling channel 6236, the second cable cooling channel 6237 and the gun head cooling cavity 61121c together form a U-shaped channel in the charging gun.

[0363] In addition, in this embodiment, the charging gun head 610 is not provided with a liquid inlet cooling chamber 61121b and a liquid outlet cooling chamber 61121a, but only has one gun head cooling chamber 61121c. At this time, all the second charging terminals to be cooled are assembled in the gun head cooling chamber 61121c and connected to the corresponding wire core 621.

[0364] In this way, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the thermal management module 500 first enters the device cavity 110, then enters the charging gun cable 620 from the first cable cooling channel 6236, flows through the entire charging gun cable 620 in one direction, enters the gun head cooling cavity 61121c, then returns to the thermal management module 500 along the second cable cooling channel 6237, and finally returns to the expansion water tank. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 used to cool the second charging terminal to be cooled is the fluid in the device heat exchange branch 501, rather than the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 after heat exchange with the battery cell 122 in the battery heat exchange branch 502, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of each second charging terminal to be cooled. On the other hand, the connection point between the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 is not in the charging gun cable 620, but at the charging gun head 610, thereby simplifying the structure of the charging gun cable 620 and reducing the manufacturing cost. Of course, this embodiment is not limited thereto, and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 leaving the thermal management module 500 may first enter the charging gun cable 620 , and then enter the device cavity 110 .

[0365] In addition, the charging gun head 610 further defines a fluid flow channel 6234, and the fluid flows through the channel 6234 to connect the fluid interface 112 and the corresponding fluid pipeline 6233. Fig.16 In one example, the gun tip body 611 defines two fluid interfaces 112, one in and one out. At this time, two parallel fluid flow channels 6234 are also defined in the gun tip body 611. One fluid flow channel 6234 connects one fluid interface 112 with the liquid inlet pipe 6233b, and the other fluid flow channel 6234 connects the other fluid interface 112 with the liquid outlet pipe 6234a.

[0366] In this embodiment, during fast charging, since the heat generated by the charging gun cable 620 is relatively large, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 entering the eVTOL10 does not intentionally cool the charging gun cable 620 and the charging gun head 610 when flowing through the fluid pipe 6233 in the charging gun cable 620. Instead, the charging gun cable 620 is cooled by the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 additionally provided in the charging gun cable 620, and the cooling effect of the battery cavity 12A and the charging gun cable 620 is ensured by the gun head cooling cavity 61121c additionally provided in the charging gun head 610.

[0367] It is easy to understand that compared with the gun tip body 611 provided in the previous embodiment with the liquid inlet cooling cavity 61121b and the liquid outlet cooling cavity 61121a, the structure of the gun tip body 611 in this embodiment is simpler and more reliable.

[0368] Similarly, the first cable cooling channel 6236 and the second cable cooling channel 6237 in this embodiment can be constructed as a pipe structure with a smooth inner wall. In this case, the material of the pipe structure can be constructed as metal, so that the heat conduction is faster, so as to cool the wire core 621 and / or the phase change material at a faster speed. For example, in one embodiment, the first cable cooling channel 6236 is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal tube is b, and b satisfies: 0.3mm≤b≤1mm.

[0369] Alternatively, the second cable cooling channel 6237 in this embodiment can also be constructed as a cavity structure formed by the aforementioned sub-phase change filling bodies being arranged at intervals. For example, in one embodiment, the cable phase change module 623 also includes a plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable 620, and the second sub-phase change filling bodies have second through holes, so that the cavities between any two adjacent second sub-phase change filling bodies in the plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the second through holes to form the second cable cooling channel 6237.

[0370] It can be understood that since the shape of the second sub-phase change filler is consistent with the shape of the gap between the wire cores 621 and / or between the wire cores 621 and the protective layer 622, it is irregular. And the second sub-phase change fillers are arranged at intervals, and the adjacent second sub-phase change fillers are connected through the second through holes, so that the flow section of the second cable cooling channel 6237 shrinks at each second through hole, resulting in a more drastic change in the flow section in the fluid flow direction of the second cable cooling channel 6237. Compared with the first cable cooling channel 6236, which has a basically consistent flow section, the more drastic change in the flow section of the second cable cooling channel 6237 will effectively slow down the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 in the second cable cooling channel 6237, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can fully exchange heat with the wire core 621.

[0371] In this way, when the first cable cooling channel 6236 is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 flows into the charging gun head 610, and the second cable cooling channel 6237 is constructed as a cavity structure formed by the second sub-phase change filler body being spaced apart and the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 returns to the movable carrier 100, the insulating heat exchange fluid 503 can enter the gun head cooling cavity 61121c more quickly to cool the second charging terminal to be cooled with a larger heat generation, and then return to cool the charging gun cable 620, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0372] It should be noted that each pipe in the movable vehicle 100 can be configured as a hose or a hard pipe, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0373] In one embodiment, the energy storage module 700 includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the detachable batteries have the same specifications as the battery pack in the battery cavity 12A. Specifically, the specification consistency means that the model, size, product parameters, performance indicators and other attributes of the detachable battery and the battery pack meet the same standards and requirements, so that the two are interchangeable. That is, the battery can be designed as a modular battery with the same specifications as the onboard battery. When charging and maintaining on the ground, the battery replacement mode can be selected to quickly replace the eVTOL battery, which can respond quickly to the failure of the onboard battery of the eVTOL10 and the need to replace the battery, while reducing the cost of reserve spare batteries, reducing the system operating cost and improving the overall operational reliability. And a ground handling vehicle can provide a variety of support capabilities, and a single ground handling vehicle can meet the requirements of the support mission, thereby improving the support capabilities of the ground handling vehicle and reducing the support cost of the eVTOL. By integrating most of the functions required for the ground support of the eVTOL into a ground handling vehicle, the eVTOL can take off and land at airports that originally had no ground support facilities, reducing the cost of airport construction and facilitating the promotion and operation of the eVTOL.

[0374] Also, see Fig.25 and Fig.26 In one embodiment, the ground maintenance system further includes: an electric energy driving module 800, which is disposed on the movable vehicle 100 and is used to drive the movable vehicle 100 to move; wherein the energy storage module 700 is connected to the electric energy driving module 800.

[0375] It is understandable that the electric drive module 800 is a powertrain unit of the movable vehicle 100. For a ground handling vehicle, the electric drive module 800 is a key part of the ground handling vehicle that converts electric energy into mechanical energy, thereby driving the ground handling vehicle to travel. It is understandable that the electric drive module 800 includes but is not limited to a motor, a reducer, an inverter, and the like.

[0376] It is not difficult to see that compared with the electric energy drive module 800 and the external charging module 400 each using independent batteries for power supply, in this embodiment, the electric energy drive module 800 for driving the movable vehicle 100 to move and the external charging module 400 for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle are both connected to the energy storage module 700, so that the electric energy used by both is provided by the energy storage module 700, reducing the cost of ground support equipment.

[0377] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground maintenance system, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system includes: A movable carrier, wherein a device cavity is defined in the movable carrier, and the movable carrier further comprises a charging interface, a fluid interface, and an air interface; an external charging module, the external charging module being disposed in the device cavity and connected to the charging interface; A cold and hot source module, the cold and hot source module is disposed in the movable carrier, and the cold and hot source module defines a refrigerant circuit; an off-body air delivery pipeline, the off-body air delivery pipeline being disposed on the movable vehicle and being in communication with the air interface, and being used for delivering air into the vehicle when the air interface is connected to the vehicle; wherein the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit performs heat exchange with the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; and A thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is arranged on the movable carrier, the thermal management module is connected to the device cavity to form a device heat exchange branch, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid of the thermal management module flows in the device heat exchange branch and is filled into the device cavity, and the thermal management module is connected to the fluid interface, and is used to connect with the battery cavity of the vehicle to form a battery heat exchange branch when the fluid interface is connected to the vehicle, so that the insulating heat exchange fluid flows in the battery heat exchange branch and is filled into the battery cavity; wherein the refrigerant also performs heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid; An energy storage module, wherein the energy storage module is disposed on the movable carrier, and the cold and heat source module, the external charging module, and the thermal management module are all connected to the energy storage module; The refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant branch and a second refrigerant branch connected in parallel, the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch performs heat exchange with the air in the isolated air delivery pipeline, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch performs heat exchange with the insulating heat exchange fluid; The ground maintenance system also includes: an air heat exchanger, wherein a first side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the first refrigerant branch, and a second side of the air heat exchanger is connected to the off-body air delivery pipeline, and is used to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant in the first refrigerant branch and the air in the off-body air delivery pipeline; a fluid heat exchanger, wherein a first side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the second refrigerant branch, and a second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected to the thermal management module, and is used for performing heat exchange between the refrigerant in the second refrigerant branch and the insulating heat exchange fluid in the thermal management module; The movable carrier includes a charging gun, and the charging gun includes: A charging gun head, wherein the charging gun head has the fluid interface and the charging interface; A charging gun cable, wherein the charging gun cable is connected to the charging gun head, and a plurality of wire cores and fluid pipes are arranged in the charging gun cable, one end of the wire core is connected to the charging interface, and the other end of the wire core is connected to the external charging module, one end of the fluid pipe is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid pipe is connected to the thermal management module.

2. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management module includes a main circuit, the main circuit includes a medium storage box and a pump connected by a pipeline, the second side of the fluid heat exchanger is connected in the main circuit and connected to the outlet of the pump through a pipeline, and the insulating heat exchange fluid is stored in the medium storage box; The device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in parallel and then in series to the main circuit to form a circulation loop; or, the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series to form a circulation loop.

3. The ground maintenance system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the device heat exchange branch, the battery heat exchange branch and the main circuit are connected in series, the device heat exchange branch and the battery heat exchange branch are connected in series to the main circuit in sequence.

4. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management module also includes an air filling and fluid replacement component; The gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is in communication with the battery heat-exchanging branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the battery cavity to discharge the insulating heat-exchanging fluid from the battery cavity; and / or, the gas-filling and liquid-exchanging assembly is in communication with the device heat-exchanging branch circuit, and is used to input non-combustible gas into the device cavity to discharge the insulating heat-exchanging fluid from the device cavity; The non-combustible gas includes one or more of inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride.

5. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management module comprises: A first thermal management submodule, wherein the first thermal management submodule is in communication with the device heat exchange branch; A second thermal management submodule is connected to the battery heat exchange branch.

6. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging gun cable includes: A protective layer, wherein a cable cavity extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the protective layer; wherein the wire core is arranged in the cable cavity, and a gap is formed between any two of the wire cores and between the wire core and the protective layer; A cable phase change module is filled in the gap, and at least one fluid conduit extending along the wiring direction and penetrating the charging gun cable is defined in the cable phase change module.

7. The ground maintenance system according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are at least two fluid interfaces; At least two fluid pipelines are arranged in the cable phase change module, the fluid pipelines are communicated with the fluid interface, and two of the at least two fluid pipelines form a group, one of the fluid pipelines in a group is a liquid inlet pipe, and the other is a liquid outlet pipe; The cable phase change module includes a plurality of first sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the first sub-phase change filling bodies have a first through hole, so that the cavities between any two adjacent first sub-phase change filling bodies among the plurality of the first sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the first through hole to form the liquid inlet pipe; The cable phase change module is provided with the liquid outlet pipe of the pipe structure.

8. The ground maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The charging gun head comprises: A gun head body, one end of which is connected to the charging gun cable; the gun head body has a liquid inlet cooling cavity and a liquid outlet cooling cavity, at least one of the fluid interfaces is in communication with the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and at least one of the fluid interfaces is in communication with the liquid outlet cooling cavity; and a plurality of first charging terminals to be cooled, wherein a portion of each of the first charging terminals to be cooled is disposed in the liquid inlet cooling cavity or the liquid outlet cooling cavity and connected to the corresponding wire core, and another portion of each of the first charging terminals to be cooled is exposed from the gun head body; Wherein, the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet cooling cavity.

9. The ground maintenance system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gun head body comprises: A gun head shell, wherein one axial end of the gun head shell is connected to the charging gun cable, a receiving groove is provided on the end surface of the other axial end of the gun head body, and at least one shell pressure relief port is provided on the groove wall of the receiving groove, and the gun head shell defines a shell liquid inlet channel respectively connected to the receiving groove and the liquid inlet pipe, a shell liquid outlet channel respectively connected to the receiving groove and the liquid outlet pipe, and a shell pressure relief channel connected to the shell pressure relief port; a gun tip inner core, the gun tip inner core being movably disposed in the accommodating groove along the axial direction of the gun tip outer shell, at least one inner core pressure relief port being provided on a side wall of the gun tip inner core opposite to the outer shell pressure relief port, the inner core pressure relief ports being consistent in number with the outer shell pressure relief ports and corresponding to each other one to one, the gun tip inner core defining the liquid inlet cooling chamber and the liquid outlet cooling chamber, the liquid inlet cooling chamber being sealingly and movably connected to the outer shell liquid inlet channel, the outer shell liquid outlet channel being sealingly and movably connected to the liquid outlet cooling chamber, the inner core pressure relief port being in communication with the liquid inlet cooling chamber and / or the liquid outlet cooling chamber, the gun tip inner core having a communication position in which each of the inner core pressure relief ports is opposite to and connected to the corresponding outer shell pressure relief port; and A first elastic member is disposed in the accommodating groove, and the first elastic member always drives the inner core of the gun head away from the connecting position.

10. The ground maintenance system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end surface of the inner core of the gun head facing away from the bottom wall of the accommodating groove comprises a standard charging interface area and an expansion area, and the expansion area is provided with the fluid interface; All of the first charging terminals to be cooled include a plurality of standard charging terminals, and all of the standard charging terminals are arranged in the standard charging interface area.

11. The ground maintenance system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The plurality of said cores include at least two low voltage emergency charging cores; The charging gun head also includes at least two low-voltage emergency power supply terminals, all of which are arranged in the expansion area, and the low-voltage emergency power supply terminals extend into the inner core of the gun head and are connected to the corresponding low-voltage emergency charging line cores.

12. The ground maintenance system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: A wiring cavity is also defined in the gun head shell, and the wiring cavity is arranged between the receiving groove and one axial end of the gun head shell; The charging gun head also includes: A plurality of detection elements, wherein the detection elements are arranged in the inner core of the gun head or in the outer shell of the gun head; A control module, wherein the control module is disposed in the wiring cavity, the control module is respectively connected to each of the detection elements for communication, and the control module has a plurality of status indicator lights; An operating member, the operating member is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the gun head shell, and a part of the operating member passes through the outer peripheral wall of the shell and extends into the wiring cavity to be connected with the control module; the operating member includes a touch screen and / or a control button; Among them, the outer wall of the shell is provided with a plurality of lamp mounting holes, and the lamp mounting holes are connected to the wiring cavity. The number of the plurality of lamp mounting holes is consistent with the number of the plurality of status indicator lights and corresponds to each other one by one, so that each of the status indicator lights extends into the corresponding lamp mounting hole and emerges from the corresponding lamp mounting hole.

13. The ground maintenance system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: A pressure relief reflux channel extending along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable is defined in the charging gun cable, and the pressure relief reflux channel is respectively communicated with the housing pressure relief channel and the thermal management module.

14. The ground maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The charging gun head also defines a gun head cooling cavity and a fluid flow channel, one end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid interface, and the other end of the fluid flow channel is connected to the fluid pipeline; The charging gun further includes a second charging terminal to be cooled, the second charging terminal to be cooled is arranged in the cooling cavity of the gun head and connected to the corresponding wire core, and one end of the second charging terminal to be cooled is exposed from the charging gun head; The charging gun cable further defines a first cable cooling channel and a second cable cooling channel, one end of the first cable cooling channel and one end of the second cable cooling channel are both connected to the gun head cooling cavity; The other end of the first cable cooling channel is communicated with the thermal management module, and the other end of the second cable cooling channel is communicated with the device cavity, so that the first cable cooling channel and the second cable cooling channel are connected in the device heat exchange branch.

15. The ground maintenance system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first cable cooling channel is constructed as a thin-walled metal tube, the wall thickness of the thin-walled metal tube is b, and b satisfies: 0.3 mm ≤ b ≤ 1 mm; and / or The cable phase change module also includes a plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies arranged in sequence along the wiring direction of the charging gun cable, and the second sub-phase change filling bodies have second through holes, so that the cavities between any adjacent two of the plurality of second sub-phase change filling bodies are connected through the second through holes to form the second cable cooling channel.

16. The ground maintenance system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cable phase change module is made of solid-solid phase change material.

17. The ground maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module includes a plurality of detachable batteries connected in parallel, and the specifications of the detachable batteries are consistent with those of the battery pack in the battery cavity.

18. The ground maintenance system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The ground maintenance system further includes an electric energy driving module, which is disposed on the movable carrier and is used to drive the movable carrier to move; Wherein, the energy storage module is connected to the electric energy driving module.

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