A continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses a continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials, including a feeding system, a carbonization system, a heat circulation supply system and a discharging system. The feeding system is used to feed the carbonization system, the heat circulation supply system is used to circulate heat to the carbonization system, the carbonization system is used to carbonize the material, a carbonization control device is arranged on the carbonization feeding inclined tube, the carbonization control device includes a shell and a baffle, a motor is arranged on one side of the shell, a plurality of baffles are arranged and fixed on the shaft, and the motor drives the shaft. The heat exchange efficiency is high by circulating the high-temperature gas; the material is carbonized in a suspended state in full contact with the high-temperature gas and in a surrounded state, and the carbonization effect is better; the carbonization control device is arranged to make the high-temperature gas contact time longer, the carbonization is more thorough, and the control is convenient and easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass material carbonization, and in particular relates to a device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials. Background Art

[0002] The common disadvantage of the carbonization equipment currently circulating in the market is that the biomass passes through the equipment, conducts heat exchange to the auxiliary radiation heat, that is, the heat exchange between the heating surface and the contact surface of the material, and the heat exchange area is a small part of the specific surface area of ​​the material, and the biomass material is a poor conductor of heat. Therefore, the thermal efficiency is extremely low. In the patent with application number 201710030131.8, the heat energy is exchanged between the flue gas and the material, but it is a heat exchange carried out in the rolling net drum. Therefore, when the flue gas and the material are heat exchanged, they can only exchange heat with the surface of the material and the flue gas in contact and the drum part, and the thermal efficiency is also very low; and in the carbonization process, liquid components such as acetic acid will be produced, which need to be separated. The granular biomass material often blocks the filter mesh and is more troublesome to clean. The existing drum-shaped carbonization furnace is not convenient for carbonizing granular materials. Therefore, a continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials is designed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials, comprising a feeding system, a carbonization system, a heat circulation supply system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system is used to feed the carbonization system, the heat circulation supply system is used to circulate heat to the carbonization system, the carbonization system is used to carbonize the material, the carbonization system comprises a cyclone separator 1, a cyclone separator 2, a preliminary preheating device and a carbonization feeding inclined pipe, the inlet of the preliminary preheating device is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the cyclone separator 1 and the feeding system. The material system, the outlet of the preliminary preheating device is connected to the inlet of the second cyclone separator, the material outlet on the lower side of the second cyclone separator is connected to the carbonization feeding inclined tube, one end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube is connected to the inlet of the first cyclone separator, the lower material outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected to the discharging system, and the heat circulation supply system is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the second cyclone separator and the other end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube, so that the heat carrier is circulated and heated through the carbonization feeding inclined tube, the first cyclone separator, the preliminary preheating device and the second cyclone separator;

[0005] A carbonization control device is arranged on the carbonization feeding inclined tube, and the carbonization control device comprises a shell and a baffle. A motor is arranged on one side of the shell, and a plurality of baffles are arranged and fixed on the shaft rod, and the motor drives the connecting shaft rod.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding system comprises a feeding bin and a screw feeder, wherein the screw feeder is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin and is used to feed the material in the feeding bin into the carbonization system.

[0007] Preferably, the preliminary preheating device includes a conveying cylinder with a spiral conveying plate arranged inside and a filter box for filtering liquid, the filter box is arranged on one side of the conveying cylinder, a filter plate is arranged inside the filter box, a spiral push plate shell is arranged on the inner side of the filter plate, the push plate shell is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is sleeved on the rotating rod, and a spiral brush plate and a push plate are arranged in the push plate shell, the rotating plate is fixed to the rotating sleeve by a bracket, and teeth are arranged on the end face of one side of the rotating plate and mesh with the teeth on the inner rotating rod, the brush plate and the push plate are connected to the rotating plate twice by a connecting rod, the rotating rod rotates, the meshing transmission of the teeth causes the rotating plate to rotate, and the brush plate and the push plate are put into use respectively by pushing and pulling the connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, a locking block is provided on one side of the rotating sleeve, a square hole is provided in the locking block, a locking protrusion is provided on the side, and the locking protrusion is clamped on the side of the rotating sleeve to make the rotating sleeve and the rotating rod rotate together.

[0009] Preferably, an auxiliary blow pipe is arranged on the side of the carbonization feeding inclined pipe, and the auxiliary blow pipe connects the carbonization feeding inclined pipe and the shell.

[0010] Preferably, the heat circulation supply system includes a heat exchanger, a dust collector, a fan, a gas cabinet and a hot air furnace connected in sequence, the inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the second cyclone separator, and the outlet of the hot air furnace is connected to the lower end of the carbonization feeding inclined pipe.

[0011] Preferably, valves are provided on the pipelines between the gas cabinet and the hot blast furnace.

[0012] Preferably, a smoke outlet is provided on the hot blast stove.

[0013] Preferably, the discharging system comprises a product bin and a discharging machine, the discharging machine is arranged at the outlet of the product bin, and a product outlet is arranged at one end of the discharging machine.

[0014] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The heat exchange efficiency is high by circulating the high-temperature gas;

[0015] 2. The material is carbonized in a suspended state while in full contact with the high-temperature gas and surrounded by it, which results in a better carbonization effect;

[0016] 3. A carbonization control device is set up to make the high-temperature gas contact time longer, the carbonization more thorough, and it is easy to control and use;

[0017] 4. The preliminary preheating device is equipped with a switchable brush plate and a push plate, which not only has the function of pushing materials, but also can reduce the blockage of the filter plate by switching the brush plate to scrape the filter plate, which is very practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbonization system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying cylinder and the filter box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conveying cylinder and the filter box of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter box of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the push plate housing structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the locking block structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbonization control device of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Screw feeder; 2. Feeding bin; 3. Cyclone separator 1; 4. Cyclone separator 2; 5. Product bin; 6. Discharging machine; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Fan; 9. Hot air furnace; 10. Natural gas; 11. Product outlet; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. Gas cabinet; 14. Valve; 16. Dust collector;

[0027] 17. Preliminary preheating device; 171. Conveying cylinder; 172. Filter box; 173. Filter plate; 174. Rotating rod; 175. Rotating sleeve; 176. Push plate housing; 177. Brush plate; 178. Push plate; 179. Bracket; 1710. Rotating plate; 1711. Connecting rod; 1712. Transmission rod;

[0028] 18. Carbonization feeding inclined pipe; 19. Carbonization control device; 191. Shell; 192. Baffle; 193. Auxiliary blowpipe; 20. Locking block; 21. Locking protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] The present invention provides Figure 1 A continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials is shown, comprising a feeding system, a carbonization system, a heat circulation supply system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system is used to feed the carbonization system, the heat circulation supply system is used to circulate heat to the carbonization system, and the carbonization system is used to carbonize the material;

[0031] The feeding system comprises a feeding bin 2 and a screw feeder 1. The screw feeder 1 is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin 2 and is used to feed the material in the feeding bin 2 into the carbonization system.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the carbonization system includes a cyclone separator 13, a cyclone separator 24, a preliminary preheating device 17 and a carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, the inlet of the preliminary preheating device 17 is connected to the air outlet and the feeding system on the upper side of the cyclone separator 3, the outlet of the preliminary preheating device 17 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 24, the material outlet on the lower side of the cyclone separator 24 is connected to the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, one end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 13, the lower material outlet of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the discharging system, and the heat circulation supply system is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the cyclone separator 24 and the other end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, so that the heat carrier is circulated and heated through the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, the cyclone separator 13, the preliminary preheating device 17 and the cyclone separator 24;

[0033] The heat circulation supply system includes a heat exchanger 7, a dust collector 16, a fan 8, a gas cabinet 13 and a hot air furnace 9 which are connected in sequence. The inlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the cyclone separator 4, and the outlet of the hot air furnace 9 is connected to the lower end of the carbonization feeding inclined pipe 18; a valve 14 is arranged on the pipeline between the gas cabinet 13 and the hot air furnace 9; and a smoke outlet 12 is arranged on the hot air furnace 9 for discharging the smoke generated by combustion.

[0034] The discharging system includes a product bin 5 and a discharging machine 6 . The discharging machine 6 is arranged at the outlet of the product bin 5 , and a product outlet 11 is arranged at one end of the discharging machine 6 .

[0035] The running route of the solid material is: the screw feeder 1 sends the raw materials in the feeding bin 2 into the preliminary preheating device 17 for preliminary preheating, and then enters the cyclone separator 4 for gas-solid separation. The solid enters the carbonization feeding inclined pipe 18, and the solid material is carbonized by the blown-in high-temperature gas and blown to the cyclone separator 3. The cyclone separator 3 is used for gas-solid separation, and the carbonized material is separated into the product bin 5, which can be sent out from the product outlet 11 through the discharging machine 6 for packaging or use.

[0036] The gas operation route is: the hot blast furnace 9 burns natural gas 10 to heat the gas, and the high-temperature gas enters the carbonization feeding inclined pipe 18 and the cyclone separator 3, the gas temperature is reduced, and the solid material can be preheated after passing through the preliminary preheating device 17, and then passes through the preliminary preheating device 17, the heat exchanger 7, the dust collector 16, the fan 8, and the gas cabinet 13 in sequence and then enters the hot blast furnace 9 to complete the cycle; wherein the heat exchanger 7 will heat and cool the passing gas, and the heat exchanged is used to heat other required positions, which is an optional option. When heat exchange is not required, the heat exchanger can be turned off; the dust collector 16 is preferably a bag dust collector for filtering the passing gas, and the gas cabinet 13 is used to store the gas;

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, a carbonization control device 19 is arranged on the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, and the carbonization control device 19 includes a shell 191 and a baffle 192. The baffle is provided with an air hole, and a motor is arranged on one side of the shell 191. Four baffles 192 are arranged and fixed on the shaft rod. The motor drives the connecting shaft rod, and the motor drives the baffle 192 to rotate along the gas flow direction, thereby reducing the motor speed, so that the solid material is blocked by the baffle 192. The contact time with the high-temperature gas is longer, the carbonization is more thorough, and the control and use are convenient; an auxiliary blow pipe 193 is arranged on the side of the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18, and the auxiliary blow pipe 193 is connected to the right side of the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18 and the shell 191, so as to facilitate the solid material that has passed the center part (that is, the right side of the baffle No. ① in the figure) to be blown into the upper part of the carbonization feeding inclined tube 18.

[0038] like Figure 3-Figure 6As shown, the preliminary preheating device 17 includes a conveying cylinder 171 with a spiral conveying plate arranged inside and a filter box 172 for filtering liquid, and an insulation shell is wrapped outside. A motor is arranged on the insulation shell, and the motor drives the conveying cylinder 171 to rotate through a belt drive. The filter box 172 is arranged on one side of the conveying cylinder 171, and a filter plate 173 is arranged inside the filter box 172. A spiral push plate shell 176 is arranged inside the filter plate 173. The push plate shell 176 is fixedly connected to a rotating sleeve 175, and the rotating sleeve 175 is sleeved on a rotating rod 174. The rotating rod 174 is connected to the conveying cylinder 171 through three transmission rods 1712. One end of the cylinder 171 allows the rotating rod 174 to rotate with the conveying cylinder 171, and a spiral brush plate 177 and a push plate 178 are arranged in the push plate housing 176. The rotating plate 1710 is fixed on the rotating sleeve 175 by a bracket 179, and teeth are arranged on one end face of the rotating plate 1710, and mesh with the teeth on the inner rotating rod 174. The brush plate 177 and the push plate 178 are connected to the rotating plate 1710 twice through the connecting rod 1711. The rotating rod 174 rotates and the meshing transmission of the teeth causes the rotating plate 1710 to rotate, and the brush plate 177 and the push plate 178 are put into use respectively by pushing and pulling the connecting rod 1711. When the conveying cylinder 171 drives the rotating rod 174 to rotate, it first drives the rotating plate 1710 to rotate through the gear meshing transmission, so that the connecting rod 1711 on the left side descends and the connecting rod 1711 on the right side rises, so that the connecting rod 1711 on the left side connected to the connecting rod 1711 on the left side extends out and is put into use, and the push plate 178 connected to the connecting rod 1711 on the right side retracts. When it rotates to the maximum limit, it drives the rotating sleeve 175 and the push plate shell 176 to rotate together, and performs a scraping action on the inner wall of the filter plate 173 to reduce the clogging effect of the particle material on the filter plate 173. The filter plate 173 is used to filter the acetic acid and other liquids generated in the preheating process of the biomass particle material. After filtration, it remains in the filter box 172 and can be output through the connecting pipe.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, a locking block 20 is provided on one side of the rotating sleeve 175, a square hole is provided in the locking block 20, and a locking protrusion 21 is provided on the side. The locking block 20 can be pushed to the right side by using a lever from the outside so that the locking protrusion 21 is stuck on the side of the rotating sleeve 175 so that the rotating sleeve 175 and the rotating rod 174 can rotate together. The side of the rotating rod 174 will not rotate a certain distance relative to the rotating sleeve 175, so that the push plate 178 can be kept in a state of being used on the outside.

[0040] The incoming granular biomass material is sent into the cyclone separator 2 4 on the left side through the conveying cylinder 171 and the push plate 178 and the push plate housing 176 inside the filter box 172.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous carbonization device for granular biomass materials, comprising a feeding system, a carbonization system, a heat circulation supply system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system is used to feed the carbonization system, the heat circulation supply system is used to circulate heat to the carbonization system, and the carbonization system is used to carbonize the material, characterized in that: The carbonization system comprises a cyclone separator 1 (3), a cyclone separator 2 (4), a preliminary preheating device (17) and a carbonization feeding inclined tube (18); the inlet of the preliminary preheating device (17) is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the cyclone separator 1 (3) and the feeding system; the outlet of the preliminary preheating device (17) is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 2 (4); the material outlet on the lower side of the cyclone separator 2 (4) is connected to the carbonization feeding inclined tube (18); one end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube (18) is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 1 (3); the material outlet on the lower side of the cyclone separator 1 (3) is connected to the discharge system; the heat circulation supply system is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the cyclone separator 2 (4) and the other end of the carbonization feeding inclined tube (18), so that the heat carrier is circulated and heated through the carbonization feeding inclined tube (18), the cyclone separator 1 (3), the preliminary preheating device (17) and the cyclone separator 2 (4); The carbonization feeding inclined tube (18) is provided with a carbonization control device (19), the carbonization control device (19) comprising a housing (191) and a baffle (192), a motor is provided on one side of the housing (191), a plurality of baffles (192) are provided and fixed on a shaft, and the motor drives the connected shaft; The feeding system comprises a feeding bin (2) and a screw feeder (1); the screw feeder (1) is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin (2) and is used to feed the material in the feeding bin (2) into the carbonization system; The preliminary preheating device (17) comprises a conveying cylinder (171) having a spiral conveying plate disposed therein, and a filter box (172) for filtering liquid, wherein the filter box (172) is disposed on one side of the conveying cylinder (171), a filter plate (173) is disposed therein, a spiral push plate housing (176) is disposed inside the filter plate (173), the push plate housing (176) is fixedly connected to a rotating sleeve (175), the rotating sleeve (175) is sleeved on a rotating rod (174), and a spiral brush is disposed inside the push plate housing (176). The rotating plate (177) and the push plate (178) are fixed to the rotating sleeve (175) via a bracket (179), and teeth are provided on one end surface of the rotating plate (1710) to mesh with the teeth on the inner rotating rod (174). The brush plate (177) and the push plate (178) are connected to the rotating plate (1710) twice via a connecting rod (1711). The rotating rod (174) rotates and the meshing transmission of the teeth causes the rotating plate (1710) to rotate. The brush plate (177) and the push plate (178) are respectively put into use by pushing and pulling the connecting rod (1711); An auxiliary blow pipe (193) is disposed on the side of the carbonization feeding inclined pipe (18), and the auxiliary blow pipe (193) is connected to the carbonization feeding inclined pipe (18) and the outer shell (191); The heat circulation supply system comprises a heat exchanger (7), a dust collector (16), a fan (8), a gas cabinet (13) and a hot air furnace (9) which are connected in sequence, wherein the inlet of the heat exchanger (7) is connected to the air outlet on the upper side of the second cyclone separator (4), and the outlet of the hot air furnace (9) is connected to the lower end of the carbonization feeding inclined pipe (18).

2. The device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking block (20) is provided on one side of the rotating sleeve (175), a square hole is provided in the locking block (20), and a locking protrusion (21) is provided on the side thereof; the locking protrusion (21) is clamped on the side of the rotating sleeve (175) so that the rotating sleeve (175) and the rotating rod (174) rotate together.

3. The device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve (14) is provided on the pipeline between the gas cabinet (13) and the hot air furnace (9).

4. The device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air furnace (9) is provided with a smoke outlet (12).

5. The device for continuous carbonization of granular biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging system comprises a product bin (5) and a discharging machine (6), wherein the discharging machine (6) is arranged at the outlet of the product bin (5), and a product outlet (11) is arranged at one end of the discharging machine (6).

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