Prefabricated staircase structure and prefabricated staircase installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated staircase structure and a prefabricated staircase installation method, which belong to the technical field of prefabricated staircases. The prefabricated staircase structure includes: a platform beam, the platform beam is connected to a building, and the platform beam includes an upper platform beam and a lower platform beam; a prefabricated staircase, one end of the prefabricated staircase is connected to the upper platform beam, and the other end is connected to the lower platform beam, and at least one end of the prefabricated staircase is provided with a limited position through hole; an anchor bolt, the anchor bolt includes a screw rod and a connecting part, the connecting part is pre-buried in the upper platform beam, and along the direction of the screw rod to the connecting part, the connecting part gradually expands and has at least two-level step structures and a base, and the screw rod protrudes from the upper platform beam. The technical problem of poor seismic resistance of current prefabricated stairs is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated stairs, and in particular to a prefabricated staircase structure and a prefabricated staircase installation method. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated stairs, also known as prefabricated concrete stairs, are a type of staircase product that uses advanced production technology, is processed and formed in the factory, and then transported to the site for assembly. It has many advantages such as simple structure, fast production speed, easy installation, stable quality, beautiful appearance, and easy maintenance. By using prefabricated stairs, the construction time can be shortened and delivery can be accelerated.

[0003] Compared with the stairs cast at the construction site, the prefabricated stairs have the problem of poor earthquake resistance. Therefore, a prefabricated staircase structure is proposed to solve the technical problem of poor earthquake resistance of the current prefabricated stairs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated staircase structure and a prefabricated staircase installation method, aiming to solve the technical problem that the current prefabricated staircase has poor seismic resistance.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the prefabricated staircase structure proposed by the present invention comprises:

[0006] A platform beam, the platform beam is connected to the building body, and the platform beam includes an upper platform beam and a lower platform beam;

[0007] A prefabricated staircase, one end of which is connected to the upper platform beam, and the other end of which is connected to the lower platform beam, and at least one end of which is provided with a limited position through hole;

[0008] An anchor bolt includes a screw rod and a connecting portion, wherein the connecting portion is pre-buried in the upper platform beam, and the connecting portion gradually expands along the direction from the screw rod to the connecting portion, and has at least two-level stepped structures and a base, and the screw rod protrudes from the upper platform beam.

[0009] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the anchor bolt further comprises a nut, the nut has a pressing rod at its center, the screw has a cavity and a through hole, the cavity is connected to the through hole, a telescopic assembly is arranged in the cavity, and the telescopic assembly comprises:

[0010] A limiting plate, wherein the limiting plate is provided with a through hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screw rod;

[0011] A push rod, the extrusion portion of which passes through the through hole;

[0012] A pressing plate connected to the ejector rod;

[0013] A spring, wherein the spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the push rod, and one end of the spring abuts against the limit plate, and the other end abuts against the pressure plate;

[0014] A ball bearing is abutted against the extrusion portion, the position of the through hole corresponds to the ball bearing, the pressing rod extends into the cavity to abut against the pressing plate, and the pressing plate presses down the push rod to squeeze the ball bearing portion through the through hole.

[0015] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting portion is a trapezoidal structure, each level of the stepped structure has a beveled surface, the beveled surface obliquely extends from the vertex of the stepped structure to the bottom of the stepped structure, and the beveled surface is a triangular beveled surface.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, each level of the steps has four beveled surfaces.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor bolt has a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is connected to the base.

[0018] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lower platform beam is provided with an anti-seismic groove, and the anti-seismic support comprises:

[0019] A polytetrafluoroethylene plate, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is laid on the plane of the seismic groove, and the prefabricated staircase is in contact with the polytetrafluoroethylene plate;

[0020] A polystyrene board is located between the prefabricated staircase and the facade of the seismic-resistant groove, and the polystyrene board and the polytetrafluoroethylene board fill the gap between the prefabricated staircase and the seismic-resistant groove.

[0021] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lower platform beam includes a shock-absorbing platform, which extends horizontally a predetermined distance toward the upper platform beam, and the shock-absorbing platform is connected to a spring damper, one end of the spring damper is connected to the shock-absorbing platform, and the other end is connected to the ladder body of the prefabricated staircase.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes linoleum felt and polystyrene board, the linoleum felt is laid on the plane of the upper platform beam, and the polystyrene board is laid on the facade and edge of the upper platform beam.

[0023] To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a prefabricated stair installation method, which is applied to the prefabricated stair structure described above, and the method comprises:

[0024] S1. Mark the plane control line and elevation control line on the platform beam;

[0025] S2. Sprinkle water on the surface of the platform beam;

[0026] S3. Lay tarpaulin on the plane of the upper platform beam, lay polystyrene board on the facade and outer edge of the upper platform beam, lay polytetrafluoroethylene board on the plane of the seismic groove of the lower platform beam, and lay polystyrene board on the facade;

[0027] S4. Use cement mortar to level the upper platform beam according to the measured elevation;

[0028] S5. Lift the prefabricated stairs. After lifting, the angle between the prefabricated stairs and the horizontal plane is in the range of 45°~60°;

[0029] S6. When the prefabricated staircase reaches 30 cm above the upper platform beam, it stops falling. The construction workers use a manual hoist to adjust the position of the prefabricated staircase until the prefabricated staircase is in the correct position and then falls again;

[0030] S7. Use C40 grade CGM grouting material to grout and seal the holes on the upper platform beam of the prefabricated staircase;

[0031] S8. Use wooden formwork to protect the finished product and install standardized guardrails.

[0032] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, step S6 includes:

[0033] S61. When the prefabricated staircase reaches 30 cm above the platform beam, it stops falling, and the construction personnel use a manual hoist to adjust the position of the prefabricated staircase until the prefabricated staircase is in the correct position and then falls again;

[0034] S62. Thread the nut onto the screw until the ball partially passes through the hole.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects. At present, in order to shorten the construction period of building structures, prefabricated stairs are widely used. However, unlike the stairs cast on the construction site, the connection strength between the prefabricated stairs and the platform beam of the building is low, which causes the prefabricated stairs to have poor seismic resistance compared with the stairs cast on site. In the prefabricated staircase structure proposed in this scheme, the anchor bolt includes a screw and a connecting part. The volume of the connecting part gradually expands from top to bottom (screw to connecting part), and at least two steps of ladder structure and base are provided. The gradually expanding connecting part and the ladder structure can increase the contact area between the connecting part and the concrete, enhance the stability of the anchor bolt in the concrete, and when the anchor bolt is subjected to external force, it can more effectively disperse the stress and reduce the phenomenon of local stress concentration. By improving the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt and the upper platform beam, the stability of the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam is improved, and its seismic resistance is enhanced, solving the technical problem of poor seismic resistance of the current prefabricated staircase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated staircase structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated staircase structure of the present invention after a nut is screwed into it;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an anchor bolt in a prefabricated staircase structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of an anchor bolt in a prefabricated staircase structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a spring damper in a prefabricated staircase structure.

[0044] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0045] 110, upper platform beam; 111, linoleum; 112, polystyrene board; 120, lower platform beam; 121, polytetrafluoroethylene board; 122, shock-absorbing platform; 200, prefabricated stairs; 210, limit through hole; 300, anchor bolt; 310, screw rod; 311, limit plate; 312, top rod; 313, pressure plate; 314, spring; 315, ball bearing; 316, through hole; 320, connecting part; 321, chamfered surface; 330, nut; 331, lower pressure rod; 340, bottom plate; 350, base; 400, spring damper; 410, upper connecting plate; 411, sliding rod; 420, lower connecting plate; 430, bracket; 431, sliding hole;

[0046] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 7 The present invention proposes a prefabricated staircase structure, including a platform beam, a prefabricated staircase 200 and an anchor bolt 300.

[0052] At present, in order to shorten the construction period of building structures, prefabricated stairs are widely used. However, unlike stairs cast on the construction site, the connection strength between prefabricated stairs and the platform beam of the building is relatively low. This factor causes the prefabricated stairs to have poorer seismic resistance than stairs cast on site. In the prefabricated staircase structure proposed in this scheme, the anchor bolt 300 includes a screw rod 310 and a connecting part 320. From top to bottom (screw rod 310 to connecting part 320), the volume of the connecting part 320 gradually expands, and at least two-level step structures and a base 350 are provided. The gradually expanding connection part 320 and the stepped structure can increase the contact area between the connection part 320 and the concrete and enhance the stability of the anchor bolt 300 in the concrete. When the anchor bolt 300 is subjected to external force, the stress can be dispersed more effectively and the phenomenon of local stress concentration can be reduced. By improving the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt 300 and the upper platform beam 110, the stability of the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110 is improved, and its seismic resistance is enhanced, thereby solving the technical problem of poor seismic resistance of the current prefabricated stairs.

[0053] Furthermore, the connecting portion 320 is a trapezoidal structure, each level of the stepped structure has a beveled surface 321 , the beveled surface 321 extends obliquely from the vertex of the stepped structure to the bottom of the stepped structure, and the beveled surface 321 is a triangular beveled surface 321 .

[0054] In order to further improve the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt 300 and the upper platform beam 110, each level of the step structure has a beveled surface 321. The beveled surface 321 takes the vertex of the step structure as the starting point and extends inward from top to bottom to form an inclined triangular section. Except for the base 350, each level of the step structure has a beveled surface 321 downwardly opened at the four vertices of its upper surface. By opening the beveled surface 321, the contact area between the connection part 320 and the upper platform beam 110 can be increased. In addition, since the section is opened obliquely, the concrete in the upper platform beam 110 can be filled to the beveled surface 321, and the step structure expands step by step from top to bottom, so the concrete at the beveled surface 321 of the upper step structure can limit the step structure below, further improving the stability of the connection of the anchor bolt 300. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the connection part 320 has a five-level step structure and a base 350, and each level of the step structure has four beveled surfaces 321.

[0055] Furthermore, the anchor bolt 300 also has a bottom plate 340, and the bottom plate 340 is connected to the base 350. By providing the bottom plate 340, the anchor bolt 300 can be fixed in the upper platform beam 110 more stably.

[0056] In addition to improving the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt 300 and the upper platform beam 110, it is also necessary to improve the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt 300 and the prefabricated staircase. For this purpose, an anchor bolt 300 structure is proposed. The screw rod 310 of the anchor bolt 300 is a hollow structure. A telescopic component is arranged in the cavity of the screw rod 310. Specifically, the telescopic component includes:

[0057] A limiting plate 311, wherein the limiting plate 311 is provided with a through hole, and the limiting plate 311 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screw rod 310;

[0058] A push rod 312, the extrusion portion of the push rod 312 passes through the through hole;

[0059] A pressing plate 313, the pressing plate 313 is connected to the ejector rod 312;

[0060] A spring 314, wherein the spring 314 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the push rod 312, and one end of the spring 314 abuts against the limit plate 311, and the other end abuts against the pressure plate 313;

[0061] The ball 315 abuts against the extrusion portion, the position of the through hole 316 corresponds to the ball 315, the lower pressing rod 331 extends into the cavity to abut against the pressing plate 313, and the pressing plate 313 presses the push rod 312 downward to squeeze the ball 315 part through the through hole 316.

[0062] The anchor bolt 300 also includes a nut 330 that cooperates with the screw rod 310, and the nut 330 has a downward pressure rod 331. When the prefabricated stairs are accurately overlapped on the upper platform beam 110, the downward pressure rod 331 is extended into the cavity of the screw rod 310, and the nut 330 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 310 and gradually screwed down. During the descending process of the nut 330, the downward pressure rod 331 also gradually descends. After the downward pressure rod 331 contacts the pressure plate 313, the subsequent descent of the downward pressure rod 331 will squeeze the top rod 312 through the pressure plate 313 to gradually descend. After the top rod 312 descends, its extrusion portion gradually allows the ball 315 to pass through the through hole 316 and protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the screw rod 310. In the subsequent grouting and plugging process, the grouting material will wrap the protruding ball 315 and fill the limiting through hole 210, thereby increasing the contact area between the screw 310 and the grouting material, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110. Specifically, the end of the nut 330 can be designed as a plum blossom screw head with a hollow structure. Since the limiting through hole 210 has a small diameter and a deep depth, a fork-like tool can be used to extend into the hollow part of the plum blossom screw head to facilitate the threaded mating of the nut 330 and the screw 310. In addition, the hollow part of the plum blossom screw head will also be filled with grouting material, further improving the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt 300 and the prefabricated staircase.

[0063] Furthermore, the connection surface between the upper platform beam 110 and the prefabricated staircase 200 is a right-angle structure, which has a plane and a facade. Unlike the stairs formed by on-site casting, there will be obvious connection gaps between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110. In subsequent use, moisture and humidity will enter between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110 through these gaps. Moisture and humidity will cause mildew and rot on the prefabricated staircase 200 and the upper platform beam 110, affecting their service life. This problem is solved by laying linoleum felt 111 on the plane of the connection. Linoleum felt 111 is a building material made of felt or thick paper made of animal hair or plant fiber and soaked in asphalt. It has waterproof characteristics and can produce a moisture-proof effect. In addition, linoleum felt 111 also has a certain buffering effect, which can reduce the vibration and impact of the prefabricated staircase during use and help maintain the stability of the prefabricated staircase structure.

[0064] In addition to the linoleum 111, the connection gap between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110 is also filled with a polystyrene board 112, which is laid on the facade of the connection and the outer edge of the plane of the connection. The function of the polystyrene board 112 is the same as that of the linoleum 111, and it has a waterproof and moisture-proof effect at the connection. In addition, as one of the common noise propagation paths in buildings, the polystyrene board 112 has a certain sound insulation effect and can absorb and reduce the sound generated by users walking. In addition, the polystyrene board 112 has good thermal insulation performance. Filling it at the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110 can significantly reduce the thermal bridge effect and prevent the transfer of heat between the components, thereby improving the overall energy-saving effect of the building.

[0065] After the polystyrene board 112 and the tarpaulin 111 are laid, the upper platform beam 110 needs to be leveled with cement mortar at the plane of the connection according to the actual elevation to ensure that the subsequent prefabricated staircase 200 is overall flat after falling onto the upper platform beam 110 .

[0066] In prefabricated staircase structures, the stability of the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the platform beam is not simply positively correlated with its earthquake resistance. Within a certain range, the higher the stability of the connection, the stronger its earthquake resistance. Beyond this range, the higher the stability of the connection, the lower its earthquake resistance. During an earthquake, the prefabricated staircase will be subjected to seismic forces from different directions. If the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the platform beam is too strong, the prefabricated staircase with higher stiffness will be more sensitive to the reflection and resonance effects of seismic waves. When seismic waves propagate in the building, the prefabricated staircase may aggravate these effects, causing greater damage to the structure.

[0067] To this end, the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the upper platform beam 110 is designed as a fixed connection, and the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the lower platform beam 120 is designed as a sliding connection. The fixed connection can provide stable support to ensure the rigidity and stability of the prefabricated staircase under normal use; the sliding connection can allow the prefabricated staircase to produce a certain displacement under the action of earthquake external forces, thereby reducing the damage to the prefabricated staircase structure caused by earthquakes and improving earthquake resistance.

[0068] Specifically, the sliding connection between the prefabricated staircase and the lower platform beam 120 is realized by the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 121 and the polystyrene plate 112, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 121 is laid on the plane of the seismic groove, and the polystyrene plate 112 is located between the prefabricated staircase and the facade of the seismic groove. Polytetrafluoroethylene is a material with an extremely low friction coefficient. Laying it between the lower platform beam 120 and the prefabricated staircase can significantly reduce the friction between the prefabricated staircase and the lower platform beam 120. When the building is subjected to external forces such as earthquake waves, it can slide more easily, preventing the prefabricated staircase from being deformed or damaged, and avoiding affecting the escape of personnel. In addition, polytetrafluoroethylene has good chemical stability, and its corrosion resistance and weather resistance are both excellent. It does not require frequent inspection and maintenance and has a long service life. The polystyrene plate 112 laid at the lower platform beam 120 has the same function as the polystyrene plate 112 at the upper platform beam 110. It also plays the role of waterproofing, moisture-proofing, sound insulation and blocking thermal bridges.

[0069] In order to further improve the seismic resistance of the prefabricated staircase structure, the lower platform beam 120 also has a shock-absorbing platform 122, on which a spring damper 400 is arranged. One end of the spring damper 400 is connected to the shock-absorbing platform 122, and the other end supports the prefabricated staircase, so as to reduce the vibration and impact generated when the prefabricated staircase is subjected to external forces (such as people walking, earthquakes), thereby reducing the structural fatigue and damage caused by vibration. When an earthquake occurs, the spring damper 400 can absorb the energy of the seismic wave and improve the seismic resistance of the prefabricated staircase. In addition, by adjusting the parameters of the damper, resonance between the prefabricated staircase and the seismic wave can be avoided, and the damage to the prefabricated staircase structure caused by resonance can be prevented. Specifically, one or more spring dampers 400 can be arranged.

[0070] Specifically, the spring damper 400 includes an upper connecting plate 410 and a lower connecting plate 420, wherein the upper connecting plate 410 is connected to the prefabricated staircase by bolts, and the lower connecting plate 420 is also connected to the shock absorbing platform 122 by bolts. The upper connecting plate 410 has a sliding rod 411, and the lower connecting plate 420 is connected to two brackets 430, and the two brackets 430 are respectively provided with sliding holes 431, and the sliding rod 411 passes through the sliding holes 431 to limit the downward pressure trajectory of the upper connecting plate 410. In addition, the spring damper 400 is threadedly connected to the prefabricated staircase and the shock absorbing platform 122, so the spring damper 400 can be maintained and repaired by disassembling the spring damper 400.

[0071] The upper plane of the shock absorbing platform 122 is flush with the lower bottom surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 121 , and after the spring damper 400 is disassembled, corresponding operations can be performed on the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 121 .

[0072] To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a prefabricated stair installation method, comprising:

[0073] S1. Mark the plane control line and elevation control line on the platform beam;

[0074] S2. Sprinkle water on the surface of the platform beam;

[0075] S3. Lay tarpaulin on the plane of the upper platform beam, lay polystyrene board on the facade and outer edge of the upper platform beam, lay polytetrafluoroethylene board on the plane of the seismic groove of the lower platform beam, and lay polystyrene board on the facade;

[0076] S4. Use cement mortar to level the upper platform beam according to the measured elevation;

[0077] S5. Lift the prefabricated stairs. After lifting, the angle between the prefabricated stairs and the horizontal plane is in the range of 45°~60°;

[0078] S6. When the prefabricated staircase reaches 30 cm above the upper platform beam, it stops falling. The construction workers use a manual hoist to adjust the position of the prefabricated staircase until the prefabricated staircase is in the correct position and then falls again;

[0079] S7. Use C40 grade CGM grouting material to grout and seal the holes on the upper platform beam of the prefabricated staircase;

[0080] S8. Use wooden formwork to protect the finished product and install standardized guardrails.

[0081] Mark the plane control lines and elevation control lines on the upper platform beam and the lower platform beam, and strictly control the placement of the prefabricated stairs to ensure that the prefabricated stairs can be placed accurately.

[0082] After completing step S1, water is sprinkled on the surface of the platform beam. After the prefabricated stairs are placed, they need to be grouted and sealed. Sprinkling water on the platform beam in advance helps the hydration reaction of the grouting material and enhances the fluidity of the grouting material, making it easier for the grouting material to fill the gap between the prefabricated stairs and the platform beam, thereby improving the density and strength of the connection. Sprinkling water on the lower platform beam can also facilitate the subsequent adjustment of the position of the prefabricated stairs.

[0083] After the watering is completed, the linoleum, polystyrene board and polytetrafluoroethylene board are laid to the corresponding positions on the upper platform beam and the lower platform beam respectively. After the laying is completed, the surface of the upper platform beam is leveled with cement mortar to ensure that the subsequent prefabricated stairs are stably placed on the upper platform beam.

[0084] When hoisting the prefabricated stairs, the angle between the prefabricated stairs and the horizontal plane after hoisting should be between 45° and 60°. When the prefabricated stairs are hoisted in the aforementioned posture, they can obtain better mechanical stability and reduce the risk of overturning of the prefabricated stairs during the hoisting process. In addition, within this angle range, when the two ends of the prefabricated stairs are close to the platform beam, the bottom surfaces at both ends are nearly parallel to the platform beam, and the edge construction workers confirm and adjust the position of the prefabricated stairs. At the same time, this angle range can also provide construction workers with a better line of sight and vision to ensure safety and accuracy during the hoisting process.

[0085] When the prefabricated stairs fall to 30cm above the upper platform beam, the falling of the prefabricated stairs is stopped, and the construction personnel confirm the position of the prefabricated stairs and make adjustments to ensure that the prefabricated stairs can fall accurately and smoothly to the platform beam. After the prefabricated stairs completely fall to the platform beam, the holes on the upper platform beam, such as the limit through holes and the holes used for hoisting, are grouted and plugged. The grouting material used for plugging is CGM grouting material of grade C40, which has the characteristics of high strength, no shrinkage, good self-flowing property, anti-segregation and anti-cracking. This kind of grouting material can effectively bear the load of the prefabricated stairs during use, and it will not crack during the hardening process, avoiding the problems of water seepage and structural strength reduction caused by cracking.

[0086] Finally, wooden formwork is laid on the prefabricated stairs for protection and guardrails are installed.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S6 also includes threading the nut and the screw until the ball partially passes through the through hole, that is, when the ball protrudes from the screw, grouting is performed to improve the stability of the connection between the prefabricated staircase and the anchor bolt.

[0088] The above are only optional embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated staircase structure, characterized in that: include: A platform beam, the platform beam being connected to the building body, the platform beam comprising an upper platform beam (110) and a lower platform beam (120); A prefabricated staircase (200), one end of the prefabricated staircase (200) being connected to the upper platform beam (110), and the other end being connected to the lower platform beam (120), and at least one end of the prefabricated staircase (200) being provided with a limited position through hole (210); An anchor bolt (300), the anchor bolt (300) comprising a screw rod (310) and a connecting portion (320), the connecting portion (320) being pre-buried in the upper platform beam (110), the connecting portion (320) gradually expanding in a direction from the screw rod (310) to the connecting portion (320), and having at least two-stage stepped structures and a base (350), the screw rod (310) protruding from the upper platform beam (110), the anchor bolt (300) further comprising a nut (330), the nut (330) having a downward pressing rod (331) at its center, the screw rod (310) being provided with a cavity and a through hole (316), the cavity being connected to the through hole (316), a telescopic component being arranged in the cavity, the telescopic component comprising: A limiting plate (311), wherein the limiting plate (311) is provided with a through hole, and the limiting plate (311) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screw rod (310); A push rod (312), the extrusion portion of the push rod (312) passing through the through hole; A pressing plate (313), wherein the pressing plate (313) is connected to the push rod (312); A spring (314), wherein the spring (314) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the push rod (312), and one end of the spring (314) abuts against the limit plate (311), and the other end abuts against the pressure plate (313); A ball (315), the ball (315) abuts against the extrusion portion, the position of the through hole (316) corresponds to the ball (315), the lower pressing rod (331) extends into the cavity to abut against the pressure plate (313), and the pressure plate (313) presses down the push rod (312) to squeeze the ball (315) partially through the through hole (316).

2. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion (320) is a trapezoidal structure, each level of the stepped structure has a beveled surface (321), the beveled surface (321) extends obliquely from the vertex of the stepped structure to the bottom of the stepped structure, and the beveled surface (321) is a triangular beveled surface (321).

3. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each level of the steps has four inclined surfaces (321).

4. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor bolt (300) has a bottom plate (340), and the bottom plate (340) is connected to the base (350).

5. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-seismic support, the lower platform beam (120) is provided with an anti-seismic groove, the anti-seismic support is located in the anti-seismic groove, and the anti-seismic support includes: A polytetrafluoroethylene plate (121), the polytetrafluoroethylene plate (121) being laid on the plane of the anti-seismic groove, and the prefabricated staircase (200) being in contact with the polytetrafluoroethylene plate (121); A polystyrene board (112), wherein the polystyrene board (112) is located between the prefabricated staircase (200) and the facade of the anti-seismic groove, and the polystyrene board (112) and the polytetrafluoroethylene board (121) fill the gap between the prefabricated staircase (200) and the anti-seismic groove.

6. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower platform beam (120) comprises a shock absorbing platform (122), the shock absorbing platform (122) horizontally extending a predetermined distance toward the upper platform beam (110), the shock absorbing platform (122) being connected to a spring damper (400), one end of the spring damper (400) being connected to the shock absorbing platform (122), and the other end being connected to a ladder body of the prefabricated staircase (200).

7. The prefabricated staircase structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes linoleum (111) and polystyrene board (112), wherein the linoleum (111) is laid on the plane of the upper platform beam (110), and the polystyrene board (112) is laid on the vertical surface and edge of the upper platform beam (110).

8. A method for installing a prefabricated staircase, used for the prefabricated staircase structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1. Mark the plane control line and elevation control line on the platform beam; S2. Sprinkle water on the surface of the platform beam; S3. Lay tarpaulin on the plane of the upper platform beam, lay polystyrene board on the facade and outer edge of the upper platform beam, lay polytetrafluoroethylene board on the plane of the seismic groove of the lower platform beam, and lay polystyrene board on the facade; S4. Use cement mortar to level the upper platform beam according to the measured elevation; S5. Lift the prefabricated stairs. After lifting, the angle between the prefabricated stairs and the horizontal plane is in the range of 45°~60°; S6. When the prefabricated staircase reaches 30cm above the upper platform beam, it stops falling. The construction workers use a manual hoist to adjust the position of the prefabricated staircase until the prefabricated staircase is in the correct position and then falls again; S7. Use C40 grade CGM grouting material to grout and seal the holes on the upper platform beam of the prefabricated staircase; S8. Use wooden formwork to protect the finished product and install standardized guardrails.

9. The method for installing a prefabricated staircase according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S6 includes: S61. When the prefabricated staircase reaches 30 cm above the platform beam, it stops falling, and the construction personnel use a manual hoist to adjust the position of the prefabricated staircase until the prefabricated staircase is in the correct position and then falls again; S62. Thread the nut onto the screw until the ball partially passes through the hole.

Images