A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace applied in the technical field related to cooling of flue gas from a smelting furnace. Through the arrangement of a synchronous disk group, on the one hand, the flue gas enters a large-diameter heat reduction disk from a small-diameter pipe and diffuses, and fully exchanges heat with cooling water, thereby greatly improving the cooling speed and effect of the flue gas. Moreover, when the flue gas temperature is high, the heat reduction disk will maintain a smaller thickness, further improving the cooling effect. On the other hand, during the flow of the flue gas, it is necessary to continuously pass through a plurality of dust catching sheets that are always wet. The dust catching sheets can not only capture the smoke carried in the flue gas, but also reduce the flow speed of the flue gas, so that the flue gas can more fully exchange heat with the cooling water, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling water. Compared with the prior art, dust reduction treatment is performed while the flue gas is cooled, and the two steps are combined into one, thereby greatly reducing the duration of the flue gas treatment and improving the treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fume treatment system for a smelting furnace, and in particular to a fume treatment system for a smelting furnace applied to the technical field related to fume cooling of a smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] During the process of smelting and calcining metals, a smelting furnace produces a large amount of high-temperature dusty flue gas. Since the temperature of the flue gas is too high, in the existing technology, the flue gas is generally cooled first and then the cooled flue gas is subjected to dust removal. However, in this process, the cooling and dust removal processes are handled separately, resulting in a long treatment time for the entire exhaust gas and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the flue gas generated by the smelting furnace is generally at a high temperature and contains dust. Before the flue gas is treated, it is generally necessary to first perform cooling treatment, and then perform dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification treatment, etc., which results in a long time for the entire waste gas treatment.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace, comprising a control center, a plurality of three-circulation devices, and an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the upper end of the last three-circulation device, a main air pipe is connected between two adjacent three-circulation devices, a flue gas outlet is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper end of the three-circulation device, a synchronous disk group is arranged inside the three-circulation device, a smoke inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the synchronous disk group, the smoke inlet pipe is fixedly passed through the three-circulation device and extends to the bottom of the three-circulation device, the left end and the lower right end of the three-circulation device are respectively fixedly connected to an external circulation liquid inlet and an external circulation liquid drain, and both are communicated with the interior of the three-circulation device, the left and right ends of the three-circulation device are also fixedly connected to an internal circulation liquid inlet and an internal circulation liquid drain, and the internal circulation liquid inlet and the internal circulation liquid drain are both fixedly passed through the three-circulation device and fixed to and communicated with the corresponding parts of the synchronous disk group;

[0005] The fixed disk group includes multiple heat reduction disks, multiple smoke guide tubes fixedly connected between two adjacent heat reduction disks, and an inner smoke exhaust port fixedly connected to the upper end of the uppermost heat reduction disk. The multiple smoke guide tubes are close to the edge of the heat reduction disk and are staggered. A liquid guide tube is also connected between two adjacent heat reduction disks. The multiple liquid guide tubes are close to the axis of the heat reduction disk and are also staggered.

[0006] The heat reduction plate includes two fixed plate layers and a variable plate layer fixedly connected between the edges of the two fixed plate layers that are close to each other. A plurality of dust-catching sheets are also provided between the opposite horizontal inner walls of the two fixed plate layers. The smoke guide pipe and the liquid guide pipe are both movable through the adjacent fixed plate layer of the upper heat reduction plate and fixedly connected to the inner top end of the upper fixed plate layer. The smoke guide pipe and the liquid guide pipe are located inside the heat reduction plate and are respectively provided with a smoke overflow port and a liquid overflow port, and the smoke overflow port and the overflow port are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the center line of the heat reduction plate.

[0007] In the flue gas treatment system of the above-mentioned smelting furnace, dust reduction treatment is performed while the flue gas is being cooled, and the two steps are combined into one, thereby greatly reducing the duration of the flue gas treatment and improving the treatment efficiency.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, a sealing ring is fixedly connected between the edge of the fixed disk layer and the corresponding smoke guide tube and liquid guide tube. The sealing ring is located on the inner side of the heat reduction disk, and the smoke overflow port and liquid overflow port are both located above the corresponding sealing ring.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the sealing ring is made of a flexible sealing material, and when the heat reduction disk is in its original state, the sealing ring is in a relaxed state, the two fixed disk layers are both hard structures, the variable disk layer is a flexible sealing structure, and the longitudinal height of the variable disk layer when it is longitudinally straightened is not less than 1 / 3 of the heat reduction disk.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, in the same heat-reducing plate, a card plate is clamped in the middle of the upper fixed plate layer, the upper end of the dust-catching piece is fixedly connected to the card plate, and the lower end of the dust-catching piece is magnetically attracted to the lower fixed plate layer.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the dust-catching sheet includes a fixed sheet layer, a liquid-absorbing layer fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed sheet layer, and a dust filter sheet fixedly connected to the liquid-absorbing layer. The dust filter sheet is woven from a plurality of criss-crossed dust-catching longitudinal threads and dust-catching transverse threads, and the outer surfaces of the dust-catching transverse threads and the dust-catching longitudinal threads are wrapped with a water-absorbing cotton layer.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, some of the multiple longitudinal dust-catching longitudinal wires are made of shape memory alloy material, and the lower ends of the dust-catching longitudinal wires made of shape memory alloy material pass through the liquid-absorbing layer and are fixedly connected to the fixed layer. The remaining multiple dust-catching longitudinal wires and dust-catching transverse wires are all made of high-temperature resistant flexible materials.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in multiple heat reduction disks are different from top to bottom, and the critical temperature gradually decreases. The critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in the top heat reduction disks in multiple three-circulation devices are the same and are consistent with the target cooling temperature of the flue gas. Above the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is wrinkled, and below the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is straight.

[0014] As another improvement of the present application, a secondary air duct is connected between each main air duct and the exhaust pipe, and solenoid valves are installed on the secondary air duct and the main air duct. The solenoid valves are connected to the control center signal. The solenoid valves on the main air duct are in a normally open state, and the solenoid valves on the secondary air ducts are in a normally closed state.

[0015] As another improved supplement to the present application, an infrared rangefinder is installed at the outer end of the smoke guide tube connected to the top heat reduction disk, and the laser emitting end of the infrared rangefinder is facing the adjacent liquid guide tube. When the heat reduction disk is in a fully extended state longitudinally, the infrared rangefinder is located inside the sealing ring.

[0016] A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace, wherein the flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Introduce external cooling water into the three-circulation equipment through the external circulation liquid inlet, keep the cooling water level above the uppermost heat reduction disk and below the inner smoke exhaust port, then guide the flue gas from the smelting furnace along the smoke inlet pipe into the fixed disk group in the three-circulation equipment, so that the flue gas flows from bottom to top in the fixed disk group. During this process, the flue gas enters the large-diameter heat reduction disk from the small-diameter smoke inlet pipe or smoke guide pipe, thereby greatly diffusing and fully exchanging heat with the external cooling water;

[0018] S2, then introduce internal circulation cooling water into the fixed disk assembly along the internal circulation liquid inlet, so that the internal circulation cooling water flows from top to bottom in the fixed disk assembly;

[0019] S3. The internally flowing cooling water continuously compensates the dust collecting plates in the heat reduction plate, keeping them moist. When the flue gas flows from bottom to top, it passes through multiple dust collecting plates, and the particulate impurities it carries are captured by the moistened dust collecting plates.

[0020] S41. When the flue gas temperature is higher than the critical temperature, some of the longitudinal dust collecting wires are shortened, which in turn drives the fixed plate layer below to move upward, thereby reducing the vertical thickness of the heat reduction plate. This reduces the vertical distribution range of the flue gas entering the heat reduction plate, improving the heat exchange effect with the cooling water. The flue gas is discharged from the top of the three-circulation device and flows along the main air pipe to the next three-circulation device to repeat the cooling and dust removal.

[0021] S42. When the flue gas temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the dust collecting longitudinal wire returns to the vertical state, and the heat reduction disk returns to its original state. At this time, the uppermost infrared rangefinder enters the sealing ring, and the laser beam it emits is blocked, and the distance data obtained suddenly becomes smaller. Based on this, it can be judged that the flue gas reaching the top of the three-circulation equipment has been cooled to the target temperature. At this time, the control center directly controls the solenoid valve on the main air pipe after the corresponding three-circulation equipment to close and the solenoid valve on the auxiliary air pipe to open, so that the flue gas flows directly into the exhaust pipe.

[0022] In summary, in the flue gas treatment system of the above-mentioned smelting furnace, through the setting of the synchronous disk group, on the one hand, the flue gas enters the large diameter heat reduction disk from the small diameter smoke inlet pipe or smoke guide pipe and diffuses, and then fully exchanges heat with the cooling water, thereby greatly improving the cooling speed and effect of the flue gas, and when the flue gas temperature is high, the heat reduction disk will maintain a smaller thickness, further improving the cooling effect; on the other hand, during the flow of flue gas, it needs to continuously pass through multiple wet dust collecting plates, which can not only capture the smoke carried in the flue gas, but also reduce the flow rate of the flue gas, so that the flue gas can more fully exchange heat with the cooling water in the heat reduction disk, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling water. Compared with the existing technology, dust reduction treatment is carried out while the flue gas is cooled, and the two steps are combined into one, thereby greatly reducing the time of flue gas treatment and improving treatment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the equipment in this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the three-cycle device of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the synchronous disk assembly of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A front view of the heat reduction tray of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A top view of the heat reduction tray of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional view of the heat reduction plate when the flue gas temperature is below the critical temperature of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a front cross-sectional view of the heat reduction plate when the flue gas temperature is above the critical temperature of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the dust-catching sheet of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a front cross-sectional view of the heat reduction disk when the flue gas temperature is below the critical temperature after the laser emitter is installed in this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a front cross-sectional view of the heat reduction disk when the flue gas temperature is above the critical temperature after the laser emitter is installed in this application.

[0033] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0034] 1 three-circulation equipment, 11 exhaust pipe, 12 auxiliary air guide pipe, 13 main air guide pipe, 202 smoke overflow port, 203 sealing ring, 21 smoke inlet pipe, 22 smoke outlet, 23 smoke guide pipe, 24 internal smoke exhaust port, 31 external circulation liquid inlet, 32 external circulation liquid discharge port, 4 heat reduction plate, 41 fixed plate layer, 42 variable plate layer, 401 pallet, 51 internal circulation liquid inlet, 52 liquid guide pipe, 53 internal circulation liquid discharge port, 501 overflow port, 6 dust catching sheet, 61 dust catching horizontal wire, 62 dust catching vertical wire, 63 liquid absorption layer, 64 fixed plate layer, 7 infrared rangefinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The first implementation method:

[0037] Figure 1 The figure shows a flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace, comprising a control center, multiple three-circulation devices 1, and an exhaust pipe 11 fixedly connected to the upper end of the last three-circulation device 1. A main air pipe 13 is connected between two adjacent three-circulation devices 1. After repeated cooling and dust removal by multiple three-circulation devices 1, the flue gas enters the exhaust pipe 11 and then undergoes other treatments.

[0038] like Figure 2 The middle part of the upper end of the three-circulation device 1 is fixedly connected with a smoke outlet 22. A synchronous disk group is provided inside the three-circulation device 1. The lower end of the synchronous disk group is fixedly connected with a smoke inlet pipe 21. The smoke inlet pipe 21 is fixedly passed through the three-circulation device 1 and extends to the bottom of the three-circulation device 1. The left end and the lower right end of the three-circulation device 1 are respectively fixedly connected with an external circulation liquid inlet 31 and an external circulation liquid discharge port 32, and both are communicated with the interior of the three-circulation device 1. The left and right ends of the three-circulation device 1 are also fixedly connected with an internal circulation liquid inlet 51 and an internal circulation liquid discharge port 53, and the internal circulation liquid inlet 51 and the internal circulation liquid discharge port 53 are fixedly passed through the three-circulation device 1 and are fixed and communicated with the corresponding parts of the synchronous disk group. In the three-circulation device 1, the flue gas passes through the heat reduction disk 4 from bottom to top and is discharged. The internally circulated cooling water is circulated and cooled from top to bottom through the internal circulation liquid inlet 51 and the liquid guide pipe 52. The internally circulated cooling water passes through the heat reduction disk 4 from top to bottom and is discharged to assist in dust removal of the flue gas, so that three circulation paths are formed as a whole in the three-circulation device 1, achieving efficient dust reduction and cooling of the flue gas, and combining the two steps of dust reduction and cooling into one, thereby greatly reducing the time of flue gas treatment and improving treatment efficiency.

[0039] like Figure 3The fixed disk group includes multiple heat reduction disks 4, multiple smoke guide pipes 23 fixedly connected between two adjacent heat reduction disks 4, and an inner smoke exhaust port 24 fixedly connected to the upper end of the uppermost heat reduction disk 4. The multiple smoke guide pipes 23 are close to the edge of the heat reduction disk 4, and the multiple smoke guide pipes 23 are staggered with each other, so that the smoke entering the heat reduction disk 4 must first diffuse in the heat reduction disk 4 before it can continue to be discharged upward through another smoke guide pipe 23, thereby effectively ensuring that the smoke can fully diffuse in the large-diameter heat reduction disk 4, thereby fully exchanging heat with the cooling water flowing outside, greatly improving the cooling effect, and a liquid guide pipe 5 is also connected between the two adjacent heat reduction disks 4. 2. The multiple liquid guide tubes 52 are all close to the axis of the heat reduction tray 4, and the multiple liquid guide tubes 52 are also staggered. When the internally circulating cooling water falls from the previous heat reduction tray 4 along the liquid guide tube 52 into the next heat reduction tray 4, it is not easy to fall into the next liquid guide tube 52 and flow away directly. Instead, it falls into the heat reduction tray 4 until its liquid level reaches the overflow port 501 of the next liquid guide tube 52, and then overflow occurs, and then it falls into the next heat reduction tray 4. This effectively ensures that a certain amount of cooling water can be stored in each heat reduction tray 4, thereby effectively ensuring that the dust collecting sheet 6 is always in a wet state, thereby maintaining a good dust collection effect and improving the continuity of the dust reduction process;

[0040] It is worth noting that the line connecting the axes of the two smoke guide tubes 23 connected to the same heat reduction disk 4 passes through the center point of the heat reduction disk 4 .

[0041] like Figure 4 The heat reduction disk 4 includes two fixed disk layers 41 and a variable disk layer 42 fixedly connected between the edges of the two fixed disk layers 41 that are close to each other. A plurality of dust-catching sheets 6 are also provided between the opposite horizontal inner walls of the two fixed disk layers 41. The smoke guide pipe 23 and the liquid guide pipe 52 are both movable through the adjacent fixed disk layer 41 of the upper heat reduction disk 4 and are fixedly connected to the inner top end of the upper fixed disk layer 41. The smoke guide pipe 23 and the liquid guide pipe 52 are located inside the heat reduction disk 4 and are respectively provided with a smoke overflow port 202 and a liquid overflow port 501. The smoke overflow port 202 and the overflow port 501 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the center line of the heat reduction disk 4.

[0042] like Figure 9A sealing ring piece 203 is fixedly connected between the edge of the fixed disk layer 41 penetrated and the corresponding smoke guide tube 23 and liquid guide tube 52. The sealing ring piece 203 is located on the inner side of the heat reduction disk 4, and the smoke overflow port 202 and the liquid overflow port 501 are both located above the corresponding sealing ring piece 203. The sealing ring piece 203 is made of a flexible sealing material. Through the arrangement of the sealing ring piece 203, the sealing performance at the penetration point of the smoke guide tube 23 and the liquid guide tube 52 with the heat reduction disk 4 can be ensured while not affecting the control of the dust collecting piece 6 on the thickness change of the heat reduction disk 4 when it shrinks or stretches. Moreover, when the heat reducing disk 4 is in its original state, the sealing ring 203 is in a relaxed state, so when the thickness of the heat reducing disk 4 changes, the sealing ring 203 is not likely to suppress the change. The two fixed disk layers 41 are both hard structures, the variable disk layer 42 is a flexible sealing structure, and the longitudinal height of the variable disk layer 42 when it is longitudinally straightened is not less than 1 / 3 of the heat reducing disk 4, which effectively ensures that the thickness change range of the heat reducing disk 4 is not likely to be too small.

[0043] In the same heat reduction disk 4, a clamping plate 401 is clamped in the middle of the upper fixed disk layer 41, the upper end of the dust-catching sheet 6 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 401, and the lower end of the dust-catching sheet 6 is magnetically attracted to the lower fixed disk layer 41, so that within a certain period of time, the staff can remove and replace multiple dust-catching sheets 6 from the heat reduction disk 4 through the clamping plate 401.

[0044] like Figure 8 The dust-catching sheet 6 includes a fixed sheet layer 64, a liquid-absorbing layer 63 fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed sheet layer 64, and a dust filter sheet fixedly connected to the liquid-absorbing layer 63. The dust filter sheet is woven from a plurality of criss-crossed dust-catching longitudinal threads 62 and dust-catching transverse threads 61, and the outer surfaces of the dust-catching transverse threads 61 and the dust-catching longitudinal threads 62 are wrapped with a water-absorbing cotton layer, so that under the action of the liquid-absorbing layer 63 and the water-absorbing cotton layer, the cooling water flowing inside can be transferred upward, so that the dust-catching sheet 6 is in a moist state.

[0045] Part of the multiple longitudinal dust-catching longitudinal wires 62 are made of shape memory alloy material, and the lower ends of the dust-catching longitudinal wires 62 made of shape memory alloy material pass through the liquid absorption layer 63 and are fixedly connected to the fixed plate layer 64. The remaining multiple dust-catching longitudinal wires 62 and the dust-catching transverse wires 61 are all made of high-temperature resistant flexible materials, so that the dust-catching longitudinal wires 62 can undergo a transformation of wrinkling or straightening before and after the flue gas is cooled to the target temperature. When the temperature is higher than the critical temperature, the dust-catching longitudinal wires 62 wrinkle, and under this changing force, the lower fixed plate layer 41 can be driven to move upward, so that the thickness of the heat reduction plate 4 becomes smaller, that is, flatter. At the same air intake speed, after the flue gas diffuses in the heat reduction plate 4, the heat exchange effect with the external flowing cooling water is better and faster. When the temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the cooling effect has been achieved. At this time, the dust-catching sheet 6 is in a straightened state as a whole, so that the heat reduction plate 4 returns to its original state.

[0046] Along the direction from top to bottom, the critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in the multiple cooling disks 4 are different, and the critical temperature gradually decreases, so that when the flue gas is cooling down and has not reached the critical temperature, more cooling disks 4 among the multiple cooling disks 4 will be in a state of reduced thickness, so as to maintain an overall faster cooling effect. The critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in the topmost cooling disks 4 in the multiple three-circulation devices 1 are the same and are consistent with the target cooling temperature of the flue gas. Above the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is wrinkled, and below the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is straight.

[0047] In summary, in the flue gas treatment system of the above-mentioned smelting furnace, through the setting of the synchronous disk group, on the one hand, the flue gas enters the large diameter heat reduction disk 4 from the small diameter smoke inlet pipe 21 or the smoke guide pipe 23 and diffuses, and then fully exchanges heat with the cooling water, thereby greatly improving the cooling speed and effect of the flue gas, and when the flue gas temperature is high, the heat reduction disk 4 will maintain a smaller thickness, further improving the cooling effect; on the other hand, during the flow of flue gas, it needs to continuously pass through multiple wet dust collecting plates 6, and the dust collecting plates 6 can not only capture the smoke carried in the flue gas, but also reduce the flow speed of the flue gas, so that the flue gas can more fully exchange heat with the cooling water in the heat reduction disk 4, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling water. Compared with the existing technology, dust reduction treatment is performed while the flue gas is cooled, and the two steps are combined into one, thereby greatly reducing the time of flue gas treatment and improving treatment efficiency.

[0048] The second implementation method:

[0049] Based on the first embodiment, this embodiment adds a secondary air duct 12, an infrared rangefinder 7 and related structures, and the rest of the parts remain the same as the first embodiment.

[0050] Figure 1 It is shown that a secondary air duct 12 is connected between each main air duct 13 and the exhaust pipe 11, and solenoid valves are installed on the secondary air duct 12 and the main air duct 13. The solenoid valves are connected to the control center signal. The solenoid valves on the main air duct 13 are in a normally open state, and the solenoid valves on the secondary air duct 12 are in a normally closed state.

[0051] like Figure 9-10An infrared rangefinder 7 is installed at the outer end of the smoke guide tube 23 connected to the top heat reduction disk 4. The laser emitting end of the infrared rangefinder 7 is facing the adjacent liquid guide tube 52. When the heat reduction disk 4 is in a fully extended state longitudinally, the infrared rangefinder 7 is located in the sealing ring 203. Above the critical temperature, the dust-catching sheet 6 is in a wrinkled state. At this time, the vertical height of the dust-catching sheet 6 becomes smaller, thereby causing the fixed disk layer 41 below to move upward, causing the infrared rangefinder 7 to gradually break away from the sealing ring 203, so that the laser it emits can fall on the liquid guide tube 52, making the acquired data relatively large. After the temperature drops below the target temperature, the dust-catching longitudinal wire 62 becomes straight, causing the heat reduction disk 4 to recover. At this time, the infrared rangefinder 7 gradually enters the inner side of the sealing ring 203, and the distance data it measures will be significantly reduced. Based on this moment, it is judged whether the flue gas cooling meets the standard.

[0052] A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace, wherein the flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1. Introduce external cooling water into the three-circulation device 1 through the external circulation liquid inlet 31, keep the cooling water level higher than the uppermost heat reduction disk 4 and lower than the mouth of the internal smoke exhaust port 24, and then guide the flue gas from the smelting furnace into the fixed disk group in the three-circulation device 1 along the smoke inlet pipe 21, so that the flue gas flows from bottom to top in the fixed disk group. During this process, the flue gas enters the large-diameter heat reduction disk 4 from the small-diameter smoke inlet pipe 21 or the smoke guide pipe 23, thereby greatly diffusing and fully exchanging heat with the external cooling water;

[0054] S2, then introduce the inner-flow cooling water into the fixed disk assembly along the inner circulation liquid inlet 51, so that the inner-flow cooling water flows from top to bottom in the fixed disk assembly;

[0055] S3, the internally flowing cooling water in the heat reduction plate 4 continuously compensates the dust-catching sheets 6 with water, so that the dust-catching sheets 6 are in a wet state. When the flue gas flows from bottom to top, it passes through multiple dust-catching sheets 6, and the particulate impurities it carries are captured by the wet dust-catching sheets 6;

[0056] S41. When the flue gas temperature is higher than the critical temperature, some of the dust-collecting longitudinal threads 62 are wrinkled and shortened, thereby driving the lower fixed plate layer 41 upward, thereby reducing the vertical thickness of the heat-reducing plate 4. This reduces the vertical distribution range of the flue gas entering the heat-reducing plate 4, thereby improving the heat exchange effect with the cooling water. The flue gas is discharged from the top of the three-circulation device 1 and flows along the main air pipe 13 into the next three-circulation device 1 to repeat the cooling and dust removal.

[0057] S42. When the flue gas temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the dust collecting longitudinal wire 62 returns to the vertical state, and the heat reducing disk 4 returns to its original state. At this time, the uppermost infrared rangefinder 7 enters the sealing ring 203, and the laser beam it emits is blocked, and the acquired distance data suddenly becomes smaller. Based on this, it can be judged that the flue gas reaching the top of the three-circulation device 1 has been cooled to the target temperature. At this time, the control center directly controls the solenoid valve on the main air pipe 13 after the corresponding three-circulation device 1 to close and the solenoid valve on the secondary air pipe 12 to open, so that the flue gas flows directly into the exhaust pipe 11.

[0058] In this embodiment, through the setting of the secondary air duct 12 and the corresponding solenoid valve, when it is detected that the temperature of the flue gas is lower than the target temperature, the flue gas can be directly guided to the exhaust pipe 11 through the control center and other treatments can be performed. Compared with the first embodiment, the flue gas must pass through multiple three-circulation equipment 1 for circulation cooling before reaching the exhaust pipe 11, further saving cooling time and increasing the cooling speed. However, in this embodiment, the time for flue gas dust reduction is shortened compared with the first embodiment. It can still reduce dust, but the dust reduction efficiency will be weakened compared with the first embodiment. Therefore, in specific implementation, a suitable embodiment can be selected according to actual needs.

[0059] In view of current actual needs, the protection scope of the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to this. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a control center, a plurality of three-circulation devices (1), and an exhaust pipe (11) fixedly connected to the upper end of the last three-circulation device (1), a main exhaust pipe (13) being connected between two adjacent three-circulation devices (1), a smoke outlet (22) being fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the three-circulation device (1), a fixed disk group being arranged inside the three-circulation device (1), a smoke inlet pipe (21) being fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed disk group, and the smoke inlet pipe (21) being fixedly passed through the three-circulation device (1) and extending to Below the three-circulation device (1), the left end and the lower right end of the three-circulation device (1) are respectively fixedly connected with an external circulation liquid inlet (31) and an external circulation liquid discharge port (32), and both are communicated with the interior of the three-circulation device (1); the left and right ends of the three-circulation device (1) are also respectively fixedly connected with an internal circulation liquid inlet (51) and an internal circulation liquid discharge port (53), and the internal circulation liquid inlet (51) and the internal circulation liquid discharge port (53) are both fixedly passed through the three-circulation device (1) and are fixed and communicated with the corresponding part of the fixed disk group; The fixed disk group comprises a plurality of heat reduction disks (4), a plurality of smoke guide pipes (23) respectively fixedly connected between two adjacent heat reduction disks (4), and an inner smoke exhaust port (24) fixedly connected to the upper end of the uppermost heat reduction disk (4), the plurality of smoke guide pipes (23) are all close to the edge of the heat reduction disk (4), and the plurality of smoke guide pipes (23) are mutually staggered, a liquid guide pipe (52) is also connected between two adjacent heat reduction disks (4), the plurality of liquid guide pipes (52) are all close to the axis of the heat reduction disk (4), and the plurality of liquid guide pipes (52) are also mutually staggered; The heat reduction plate (4) comprises two fixed plate layers (41) and a variable plate layer (42) fixedly connected between the edges of the two fixed plate layers (41) that are close to each other. A plurality of dust catching sheets (6) are also arranged between the opposite horizontal inner walls of the two fixed plate layers (41). The smoke guide pipe (23) and the liquid guide pipe (52) both movably penetrate the adjacent fixed plate layer (41) of the upper heat reduction plate (4) and are fixedly connected to the inner top end of the upper fixed plate layer (41). The smoke guide pipe (23) and the liquid guide pipe (52) are located inside the heat reduction plate (4) and are respectively provided with a smoke overflow port (202) and a liquid overflow port (501). The smoke overflow port (202) and the liquid overflow port (501) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the center line of the heat reduction plate (4).

2. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring piece (203) is fixedly connected between the edge penetrated by the fixed disk layer (41) and the corresponding smoke guide tube (23) and liquid guide tube (52); the sealing ring piece (203) is located on the inner side of the heat reduction disk (4), and the smoke overflow port (202) and the liquid overflow port (501) are both located above the corresponding sealing ring piece (203).

3. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing ring piece (203) is made of a flexible sealing material, and when the heat reducing disk (4) is in its original state, the sealing ring piece (203) is in a relaxed state, the two fixed disk layers (41) are both hard structures, the variable disk layer (42) is a flexible sealing structure, and the longitudinal height of the variable disk layer (42) when stretched longitudinally is not less than 1 / 3 of the heat reducing disk (4).

4. The flue gas treatment system of a smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the same heat reducing disk (4), a clamping plate (401) is clamped in the middle of the upper fixed disk layer (41), the upper end of the dust catching sheet (6) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (401), and the lower end of the dust catching sheet (6) and the lower fixed disk layer (41) are magnetically attracted to each other.

5. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust catching sheet (6) comprises a fixed sheet layer (64), a liquid absorbing layer (63) fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed sheet layer (64), and a dust filter sheet fixedly connected to the liquid absorbing layer (63), wherein the dust filter sheet is woven from a plurality of crisscrossing dust catching longitudinal threads (62) and dust catching transverse threads (61), and the outer surfaces of the dust catching transverse threads (61) and the dust catching longitudinal threads (62) are both wrapped with a water absorbing cotton layer.

6. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: Part of the plurality of longitudinal dust-catching longitudinal threads (62) are made of a shape memory alloy material, and the lower ends of the dust-catching longitudinal threads (62) made of the shape memory alloy material penetrate the liquid absorption layer (63) and are fixedly connected to the fixed sheet layer (64), and the remaining plurality of dust-catching longitudinal threads (62) and the dust-catching transverse threads (61) are all made of high-temperature resistant flexible materials.

7. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the direction from top to bottom, the critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in the plurality of heat reduction disks (4) are different, and the critical temperature gradually decreases. The critical deformation temperatures of the shape memory alloys in the top heat reduction disks (4) in the plurality of three-circulation devices (1) are the same, and are consistent with the target flue gas cooling temperature. When the critical temperature is above the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is wrinkled, and when the critical temperature is below the critical temperature, the shape of the shape memory alloy is straight.

8. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: A secondary air duct (12) is connected between each of the main air ducts (13) and the exhaust pipe (11); solenoid valves are installed on the secondary air ducts (12) and the main air ducts (13); the solenoid valves are connected to control center signals; the solenoid valves on the main air ducts (13) are in a normally open state, and the solenoid valves on the secondary air ducts (12) are in a normally closed state.

9. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: An infrared rangefinder (7) is installed at the outer end of the smoke guide tube (23) connected to the uppermost heat reduction disk (4), and the laser emitting end of the infrared rangefinder (7) faces the adjacent liquid guide tube (52). When the heat reduction disk (4) is in a fully extended state longitudinally, the infrared rangefinder (7) is located inside the sealing ring (203).

10. A flue gas treatment system for a smelting furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps: S1, introducing externally flowing cooling water into the three-circulation device (1) through the external circulation liquid inlet (31), and drawing it out from the external circulation liquid outlet (32), so that the cooling water flowing inside and outside the three-circulation device (1) is in a circulating state, and the liquid level of the cooling water is kept higher than the uppermost heat reduction disk (4) and lower than the mouth of the internal smoke exhaust port (24), and then the smoke from the smelting furnace is introduced into the fixed disk group in the three-circulation device (1) along the smoke inlet pipe (21), so that the smoke flows from bottom to top in the fixed disk group; S2, introducing internal flowing cooling water into the fixed disk assembly along the internal circulation liquid inlet (51), so that the internal flowing cooling water flows from top to bottom in the fixed disk assembly; S3, the internally flowing cooling water continuously compensates the dust collecting plates (6) in the heat reducing plate (4), so that the dust collecting plates (6) are in a wet state. When the flue gas flows from bottom to top, it passes through a plurality of dust collecting plates (6), and the granular impurities carried by the flue gas are captured by the wet dust collecting plates (6); S41. When the flue gas temperature is higher than the critical temperature, the dust collecting sheet (6) is wrinkled and shortened, thereby driving the lower fixed plate layer (41) to move upward, thereby reducing the vertical thickness of the heat reducing plate (4), making the vertical distribution range of the flue gas entering the heat reducing plate (4) smaller, and achieving a better heat exchange effect with the cooling water. The flue gas is discharged from the top of the three-circulation device (1) and flows along the main air pipe (13) into the next three-circulation device (1) to repeat the cooling and dust removal. S42. When the flue gas temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the dust collecting plate (6) returns to the vertical state, and the heat reducing plate (4) returns to its original state. At this time, the uppermost infrared rangefinder (7) enters the sealing ring plate (203), and the laser beam emitted by it is blocked, and the distance data obtained suddenly becomes smaller. Based on this, it can be judged that the flue gas reaching the top of the three-circulation device (1) has been cooled to the target temperature. At this time, the control center directly controls the electromagnetic valve on the main air pipe (13) behind the corresponding three-circulation device (1) to close and the electromagnetic valve on the auxiliary air pipe (12) to open, so that the flue gas directly flows into the exhaust pipe (11).

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