A high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions and a working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of thermal energy storage, wherein the high-temperature heat storage tank comprises a storage tank, and the storage tank comprises a storage tank shell, a side wall air inlet, a side wall air outlet, an internal air inlet and an internal air outlet; the storage tank shell comprises a shell top, a shell middle and a shell bottom which are fixedly connected in sequence; the shell middle comprises an inner liner, an air interlayer, a partition plate, heat insulation cotton and a protective shell which are arranged in sequence; the inner liner and the partition plate are connected through a plurality of beams and spoiler columns, and the gaps therebetween form an air interlayer; the beams are distributed at intervals between the stainless steel inner liner and the partition plate in the middle of the storage tank shell, and the air interlayer is divided into an S-shaped flow channel; the side wall air inlet and the side wall air outlet are both connected to the air interlayer; the internal air inlet and the internal air outlet are connected to the inner cavity of the storage tank, so as to realize the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the heat preservation and heating functions during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermal energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an energy storage and utilization technology, thermal energy storage technology is of great significance in energy conservation and emission reduction, improving energy utilization efficiency, etc. With the implementation of my country's dual carbon policy, thermal energy storage technology is expected to usher in greater development space and opportunities in clean heating, thermal power flexibility transformation, and clean energy consumption.

[0003] In the heat storage system, the high-temperature heat storage tank is one of the key equipment, which carries the high-temperature heat storage medium inside. In order to prevent the high-temperature heat storage medium from solidifying on the tank wall during the initial entry into the tank, and to prevent the tank wall from being broken due to the large instantaneous thermal stress of the tank body caused by the large temperature difference, effective measures must be taken to preheat the tank in advance. In addition, during the long-term heat storage process, the thermal insulation performance of the heat storage tank is required to be high to avoid causing large heat dissipation losses, thereby affecting the overall thermal efficiency of the system. Therefore, preheating the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the insulation and heating during operation are the key to whether the heat storage system can work efficiently.

[0004] In the prior art, hot air is usually introduced into the storage tank to preheat the storage tank before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank. Thicker insulation cotton is usually used to achieve heat preservation of the storage tank. The heating of the storage tank during long-term heat storage is usually achieved by winding electric heating cables on the wall of the storage tank.

[0005] In the prior art, the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the insulation and heating during operation are independently controlled by separately installing equipment, which has many components and a complex system. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions and a working method thereof, which can realize the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the heat preservation and heating functions during operation, thereby improving the preheating efficiency.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions, comprising a storage tank, wherein the storage tank comprises a storage tank shell, a side wall air inlet opened on the storage tank shell, a side wall air outlet, an internal air inlet and an internal air outlet;

[0009] The storage tank shell comprises a shell top, a shell middle and a shell bottom which are fixedly connected in sequence; the shell middle comprises an inner liner, an air interlayer, a partition plate, a heat-insulating cotton and a protective shell which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the inner liner and the partition plate are connected through a plurality of beams and spoiler columns, and the gaps between them form the air interlayer; the beams are distributed at intervals between the inner liner and the partition plate in the middle of the storage tank shell, and the beams divide the air interlayer into an S-shaped flow channel; a plurality of spoiler columns are arranged between adjacent beams;

[0010] The side wall air inlet and the side wall air outlet are both communicated with the air interlayer; the internal air inlet and the internal air outlet are communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the side wall air inlet is connected to the side wall air intake pipeline; the side wall air outlet is connected to one end of the side wall exhaust pipeline, the other end of the side wall exhaust pipeline is connected to the first end of the tee, the second end of the tee is connected to the hot air recovery pipe through the first regulating valve, the third end is connected to one end of the top air intake pipeline through the second regulating valve, the other end of the top air intake pipeline is connected to the internal air inlet, and the internal air outlet is connected to the external environment through the top exhaust pipeline; a third regulating valve is installed on the top exhaust pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper and lower sides of the air interlayer are sealed by thermal insulation cotton at the top and bottom of the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the beams include a plurality of first beams, a plurality of second beams and a third beam, the upper end of the first beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end has a gap with the upper end of the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the lower end of the second beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the upper end has a gap with the lower end of the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the first beam and the second beam are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the third beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell; the side wall air inlet and the side wall air outlet are respectively located on both sides of the third beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the spoiler columns are arranged side by side.

[0015] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the shell are respectively an inner lining, thermal insulation cotton and a protective shell from the inside to the outside.

[0016] Furthermore, the lining is a stainless steel lining.

[0017] Furthermore, the thicknesses of the top portion of the shell, the middle portion of the shell and the bottom portion of the shell are the same.

[0018] Furthermore, the beam is a T-shaped structure.

[0019] The above-mentioned working method of a high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions comprises:

[0020] Before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank: the high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel of the middle side wall of the storage tank through the side wall air inlet and flows out from the side wall air outlet; the high-temperature air in the S-shaped flow channel evenly exchanges heat with the tank wall structure, and the beams and spoiler columns play the role of equalizing flow and enhancing heat exchange; when the temperature of the tank shell reaches the predetermined temperature, the input of high-temperature air is stopped to complete the preheating of the storage tank;

[0021] When the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank: the cold air in the storage tank is discharged to the outside environment from the internal air outlet. After all the high-temperature heat storage medium flows into the storage tank, some air still remains on the upper part of the high-temperature heat storage medium in the storage tank, and the internal air outlet is closed;

[0022] After the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank: the hot air sealed in the S-shaped flow channel and the thermal insulation cotton together complete the thermal insulation of the storage tank;

[0023] When the storage tank needs to be heated, high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel, and then enters the interior of the storage tank through the side wall air outlet, the top air intake pipe and the internal air inlet, squeezing out the cold air above the heat storage medium in the storage tank, and flows to the external environment from the internal air outlet. The storage tank is heated by the S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the tank shell and the hot air continuously flowing above the heat storage medium in the tank; after the heating is completed, the top air intake pipe and the internal air outlet are closed to enter the insulation mode.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions, including a storage tank and an air intake and exhaust system. The lower middle end of the shell of the storage tank is provided with a side wall air inlet and a side wall air outlet, and the top is provided with an internal air inlet and an internal air outlet; the air sandwich structure composed of the inner lining, partition plates, beams, and spoiler columns in the middle of the storage tank shell forms an S-shaped flow channel. Before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank, the high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel of the middle side wall of the storage tank through the air intake and exhaust system, and then flows out from the hot air recovery pipe. In the S-shaped flow channel, the high-temperature air and the tank wall structure are evenly exchanged for heat to achieve rapid heating of the tank wall; when the temperature of the tank shell reaches a predetermined temperature, the supply of hot air is stopped to complete the preheating of the storage tank. After the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank, the hot air sealed in the S-shaped flow channel and the thermal insulation cotton jointly complete the thermal insulation of the storage tank. During the long-term heat storage process, when the heat dissipation loss of the storage tank is large, the high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel on the middle side wall of the storage tank through the intake and exhaust system, and then enters the storage tank through the internal air inlet at the top of the storage tank, squeezes out the air above the heat storage medium in the storage tank, and flows out to the outside environment through the internal air outlet at the top of the storage tank. The hot air that continuously flows in the S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the storage tank shell and above the heat storage medium in the storage tank heats the storage tank at the same time, replenishes the energy lost by the heat storage medium, and reduces the cooling rate and heat dissipation loss of the heat storage medium.

[0026] The high-temperature heat storage tank provided by the present invention has both heat preservation and heating functions, and realizes the preheating, heat preservation and heating functions of the tank through the innovative design of the tank structure and the air intake and exhaust system for hot air circulation. The prior art usually preheats the tank by passing hot air into the tank before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the tank. Compared with the prior art, the present invention preheats the tank by the flow of hot air in the S-shaped flow channel formed on the side wall in the middle of the tank, which has a higher convection heat transfer coefficient, a larger heat exchange area, and a more uniform and rapid temperature rise.

[0027] Different from the prior art that uses thicker insulation cotton to achieve thermal insulation of the storage tank, the present invention uses a combination of insulation cotton and air interlayer to insulate the storage tank. The S-shaped flow channel in the air interlayer limits the natural convection of the air, and the thermal conductivity of air is lower than that of the insulation cotton. The present invention uses a combination of insulation cotton and air interlayer to not only achieve a better thermal insulation effect, but also reduce the amount of insulation cotton used, thereby saving costs.

[0028] The prior art usually uses a method of winding an electric heating tape on the wall of the tank to achieve heating of the tank during a long period of heat storage. The present invention heats the tank through an S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the tank shell and hot air that continuously flows above the heat storage medium in the tank. The heating method is simple and does not require additional electric heating equipment.

[0029] In summary, the high-temperature heat storage tank provided by the present invention has both insulation and heating functions. By integrating the design of the storage tank structure and the intake and exhaust system, the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the insulation and heating functions during operation are realized, which changes the practice of separately installing equipment to independently control the above functions in the prior art. The number of components of the heat storage system is greatly reduced, making it more concise and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of the high-temperature heat storage tank structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an S-shaped flow channel on the middle side wall of a high-temperature heat storage tank provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 An axial cross-sectional view of a high-temperature heat storage tank structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 A radial cross-sectional view of a high-temperature heat storage tank structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, 1 is the side wall air inlet, 2 is the side wall air outlet, 3 is the first regulating valve, 4 is the second regulating valve, 7 is the third regulating valve, 5 is the internal air inlet, and 6 is the internal air outlet; 8 is the storage tank, 801 is the lining, 802 is the beam, 803 is the spoiler column, 804 is the partition plate, 805 is the thermal insulation cotton, and 806 is the protective shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, these technologies, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional words is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention preheats the storage tank by flowing hot air in the S-shaped flow channel formed in the middle side wall of the storage tank, insulates the storage tank by combining thermal insulation cotton and air interlayer, and heats the storage tank simultaneously by the S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the storage tank shell and the hot air continuously flowing above the heat storage medium in the storage tank. That is, the storage tank structure and the air intake and exhaust system are designed in an integrated manner to realize the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the heat preservation and heating functions during operation, reduce the number and complexity of components of the heat storage system, and save construction costs.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions, including a storage tank 8 and an intake and exhaust system. The intake and exhaust system includes a side wall intake pipeline, a side wall exhaust pipeline, a top intake pipeline, a top exhaust pipeline, a first regulating valve 3, a second regulating valve 4 and a third regulating valve 7.

[0043] The storage tank 8 includes a storage tank shell, a side wall air inlet 1, a side wall air outlet 2, an internal air inlet 5, and an internal air outlet 6. The storage tank shell is composed of three parts, namely, a shell top, a shell middle, and a shell bottom, which are fixedly connected in sequence, and is columnar as a whole. The lower end of the middle part of the storage tank shell is provided with a side wall air inlet 1 and a side wall air outlet 2, and the top of the storage tank shell is provided with an internal air inlet 5 and an internal air outlet 6.

[0044] One end of the side wall air intake pipeline is connected to the hot air source, and the other end is connected to the side wall air inlet 1; a regulating valve is provided in the hot air source pipeline system to control whether the hot air enters the S-shaped flow channel; one end of the side wall exhaust pipeline is connected to the side wall air outlet 2, and the other end is connected to the tee; the first end of the tee is connected to the side wall exhaust pipeline, the second end is connected to the hot air recovery pipe through the first regulating valve 3, and the third end is connected to the top air intake pipeline through the second regulating valve 4. One end of the top air intake pipeline is connected to the third end of the tee, and the other end is connected to the internal air inlet 5. One end of the top exhaust pipeline is connected to the internal air outlet 6, and the other end is connected to the external environment through the third regulating valve 7.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the middle part of the shell of the storage tank 8 is composed of an inner lining 801, an air interlayer, a partition plate 804, thermal insulation cotton 805, and a protective shell 806 from the inside to the outside; the top and bottom of the shell of the storage tank 8 are composed of a stainless steel inner lining 801, thermal insulation cotton 805, and a protective shell 806 from the inside to the outside.

[0046] The inner lining 801 is a stainless steel inner lining, the partition plate 804 can be a thin-walled steel plate, or an alloy or carbon steel profile, with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm. The protective shell 806 can be a color steel tile, or a white cast iron or galvanized sheet, and its main functions are sealing, moisture-proof, rain-proof, weather-proof, and neat appearance.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the liner 801 in the middle of the shell of the storage tank 8 is connected to the partition plate 804 through a plurality of beams 802 and spoiler columns 803, and the gap between them forms an air interlayer in the middle of the shell of the storage tank. The beam 802 is a T-shaped structure, the bottom end is welded to the liner 801, and the two sides of the top are fixedly connected to the partition plate 804 by rivets. The beams 802 are equidistantly distributed between the liner 801 and the partition plate 804 in the middle of the shell of the storage tank 8. Some spoiler columns 803 are arranged between adjacent beams 802, and the spoiler columns 803 are arranged side by side. One end of the spoiler column 803 is welded to the liner 801, and the other end is in contact with the partition plate 804. The liner 801, beams 802, spoiler columns 803, and the partition plate 804 together form an S-shaped flow channel. The spoiler column 803 plays a role in equalizing the flow and enhancing the heat exchange effect.

[0048] The beam 802 includes a plurality of first beams, a plurality of second beams and a third beam, wherein the upper end of the first beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end has a gap with the upper end of the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the lower end of the second beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the upper end has a gap with the lower end of the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the first beam and the second beam are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the third beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell; the side wall air inlet 1 and the side wall air outlet 2 are respectively located on both sides of the third beam.

[0049] Among them, there are a certain number of girders and spoiler columns, and the specific number, size and arrangement are determined according to actual conditions such as heat exchange effect and tank structural strength.

[0050] The thickness of the lining 801 at the top, middle and bottom of the storage tank 8 shell is the same, and a closed shell is formed by welding, which is in contact with the high-temperature heat storage medium in the tank. The sum of the thickness of the air interlayer, the partition plate 804 and the insulation cotton 805 in the middle of the storage tank 8 shell is equal to the sum of the thickness of the insulation cotton 805 at the top of the storage tank 8 shell and the insulation cotton 805 at the bottom of the storage tank 8 shell. The upper and lower sides of the air interlayer in the middle of the storage tank 8 shell are closed by the insulation cotton 805 at the top and bottom of the storage tank 8 shell. The top protective shell, the middle protective shell and the bottom protective shell of the storage tank 8 shell are the same thickness, and a closed shell is formed by welding, thereby forming the outer shell of the storage tank.

[0051] The side wall air inlet 1 and the side wall air outlet 2 are at the same height, respectively connected to the adjacent S-shaped flow passages and communicated with the S-shaped flow passages. The internal air inlet 5 and the internal air outlet 6 are respectively connected to the top liner 801 of the storage tank 8 shell and communicated with the internal space of the storage tank 8.

[0052] The working method of the high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0053] Before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank 8, the first regulating valve 3 and the third regulating valve 7 are opened, and the second regulating valve 4 is closed. The high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel on the middle side wall of the storage tank 8 and flows out from the first regulating valve 3. Among them, the temperature of the high-temperature air is 150℃~600℃. In the S-shaped flow channel, the high-temperature air and the tank wall structure are evenly exchanged with each other. The beams 802 and the spoiler columns 803 play the role of equalizing the flow and enhancing the heat exchange, thereby realizing the rapid heating of the tank wall. When the temperature of the tank shell reaches the predetermined temperature, the first regulating valve 3 is closed to complete the preheating of the tank.

[0054] When the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank 8, the first regulating valve 3 and the second regulating valve 4 are closed, and the third regulating valve 7 is opened. As the high-temperature heat storage medium flows in, the cold air in the storage tank 8 is discharged to the outside environment from the internal air outlet 6 via the third regulating valve 7. After the high-temperature heat storage medium has completely flowed into the storage tank 8, a portion of air still remains above the high-temperature heat storage medium in the storage tank 8, and the third regulating valve 7 is closed.

[0055] After the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank 8, the first regulating valve 3, the second regulating valve 4, and the third regulating valve 7 are kept closed. The hot air sealed in the S-shaped flow channel and the thermal insulation cotton 805 together complete the thermal insulation of the storage tank.

[0056] During the long-term heat storage process, when the storage tank 8 needs to be heated, the first regulating valve 3 is closed, and the second regulating valve 4 and the third regulating valve 7 are opened. The high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel on the middle side wall of the storage tank 8, and then enters the interior of the storage tank 8 through the second regulating valve 4, squeezes out the cold air above the heat storage medium in the storage tank, and flows out to the outside environment through the third regulating valve 7. The storage tank 8 is heated by the hot air that continuously flows through the S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the storage tank shell and above the heat storage medium in the storage tank. After the storage tank 8 is heated, the second regulating valve 4 and the third regulating valve 7 are closed, and the system enters the insulation mode.

[0057] The high-temperature heat storage tank provided by the present invention has both heat preservation and heating functions. By integrating the storage tank structure and the air intake and exhaust system, the preheating of the high-temperature heat storage tank before use and the heat preservation and heating functions during operation are realized. Compared with the practice in the prior art of separately installing equipment to independently control the above functions, the number of components of the high-temperature heat storage tank system provided by the present invention is greatly reduced, and it is more concise and efficient.

Claims

1. A high-temperature heat storage tank with both heat preservation and heating functions, characterized in that: The storage tank (8) comprises a storage tank shell, a side wall air inlet (1) opened on the storage tank shell, a side wall air outlet (2), an internal air inlet (5) and an internal air outlet (6); The storage tank shell comprises a shell top, a shell middle and a shell bottom which are fixedly connected in sequence; the shell middle comprises an inner liner (801), an air interlayer, a partition plate (804), a heat insulation cotton (805) and a protective shell (806) which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the inner liner (801) and the partition plate (804) are connected via a plurality of beams (802) and spoiler columns (803), and the gaps therebetween form the air interlayer; the beams (802) are distributed at intervals between the inner liner (801) and the partition plate (804) in the middle of the storage tank (8) shell, and the beams (802) divide the air interlayer into an S-shaped flow channel; and a plurality of spoiler columns (803) are arranged between adjacent beams (802); The side wall air inlet (1) and the side wall air outlet (2) are both in communication with the air interlayer; the internal air inlet (5) and the internal air outlet (6) are in communication with the inner cavity of the storage tank (8); The side wall air inlet (1) is connected to the side wall air intake pipeline; the side wall air outlet (2) is connected to one end of the side wall exhaust pipeline; the other end of the side wall exhaust pipeline is connected to the first end of the tee; the second end of the tee is connected to the hot air recovery pipe through a first regulating valve (3); the third end is connected to one end of the top air intake pipeline through a second regulating valve (4); the other end of the top air intake pipeline is connected to the internal air inlet (5); the internal air outlet (6) is connected to the external environment through the top exhaust pipeline; and a third regulating valve (7) is installed on the top exhaust pipe.

2. A high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the air interlayer are sealed by thermal insulation cotton (805) at the top and bottom of the shell.

3. The high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beams (802) include a plurality of first beams, a plurality of second beams and a third beam, wherein the upper end of the first beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end has a gap with the upper end of the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the lower end of the second beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell, and the upper end has a gap with the lower end of the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the gap is used for circulating airflow; the first beam and the second beam are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the third beam is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the top of the shell, and the lower end is connected to the thermal insulation cotton at the bottom of the shell; the side wall air inlet (1) and the side wall air outlet (2) are respectively located on both sides of the third beam.

4. The high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler columns (803) are arranged side by side.

5. The high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the shell are, from inside to outside, respectively an inner lining (801), a thermal insulation cotton (805) and a protective shell (806).

6. A high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The lining (801) is a stainless steel lining.

7. The high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thicknesses of the shell top, the shell middle and the shell bottom are the same.

8. The high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam (802) is a T-shaped structure.

9. The method for operating a high-temperature heat storage tank having both heat preservation and heating functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Before the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank (8), the high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel of the middle side wall of the storage tank (8) through the side wall air inlet (1) and flows out through the side wall air outlet (2); the high-temperature air in the S-shaped flow channel evenly exchanges heat with the tank wall structure, and the beams (802) and the spoiler columns (803) play the role of equalizing the flow and enhancing the heat exchange; when the temperature of the tank shell reaches a predetermined temperature, the input of the high-temperature air is stopped, and the preheating of the tank is completed; During the process of the high-temperature heat storage medium entering the storage tank (8), the cold air in the storage tank (8) is discharged to the outside environment from the internal air outlet (6). After the high-temperature heat storage medium has completely flowed into the storage tank (8), a portion of air still remains above the high-temperature heat storage medium in the storage tank (8), and the internal air outlet (6) is closed. After the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the storage tank (8), the hot air sealed in the S-shaped flow channel and the heat insulation cotton (805) together complete the heat insulation of the storage tank; When the storage tank (8) needs to be heated, the high-temperature air flows through the S-shaped flow channel, and then enters the interior of the storage tank (8) through the side wall air outlet (2), the top air intake pipe and the internal air inlet (5), squeezes out the cold air above the heat storage medium in the storage tank, and flows to the external environment through the internal air outlet (6). The storage tank (8) is heated by the hot air that continuously flows through the S-shaped flow channel in the middle of the storage tank shell and above the heat storage medium in the storage tank; after the heating is completed, the top air intake pipe and the internal air outlet (6) are closed, and the storage tank enters the heat preservation mode.

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