A method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for detecting the surface charge of insulating materials based on a laser induction method, which relates to the technical field of insulating material application, and includes: obtaining at least one charged area; obtaining the amount of charge generated by a laser of a preset intensity on the surface of an uncharged insulating material as a corrected charge amount; in a positively charged area, calculating the amount of positive charges in the positively charged area as the positive charge amount; inducing the negative charges in the negatively charged area to the center of the negatively charged area; using a lightweight conductor to measure the amount of negative charges at the center of the negatively charged area to obtain the negative charge amount. By forming positively charged areas and negatively charged areas, and using different charge measurement methods to measure in the positively charged areas and the negatively charged areas, the surface charge of the insulating material can be obtained more accurately, and when the charge amount is too much, it can be discovered in time and a corresponding response can be made.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of insulating material application, and in particular to a method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on a laser induction method. Background Art

[0002] Insulating materials are materials that are non-conductive under the allowable voltage, but they are not absolutely non-conductive. Under a certain external electric field strength, they will also undergo processes such as conduction, polarization, loss, and breakdown, and they will also age after long-term use. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the surface charge of insulating materials, so that when the charge is high, precautions can be taken in advance to avoid the insulation material from being broken down.

[0003] However, the charge distribution on insulating materials is uneven and they themselves are not conductive, so it is difficult to measure them accurately using conventional methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for detecting the surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction is provided. This technical solution solves the problem that the charge distribution on the insulating material proposed in the above background technology is uneven, and the insulating material itself is not conductive, making it difficult to measure it more accurately using conventional methods.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for detecting surface charge of an insulating material based on a laser induction method, comprising:

[0007] Determining the location of charges on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged region;

[0008] Determining the charge type of the electric charge in the charged region, and defining the charged region with a positive charge as a positively charged region, and defining the charged region with a negative charge as a negatively charged region;

[0009] Obtaining the amount of charge generated by the laser of preset intensity on the surface of the non-charged insulating material as the amount of corrected charge;

[0010] In the positively charged region, a laser is used to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region to neutralize the positive charges in the positively charged region until all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized. When all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized, the number of positive charges in the positively charged region is calculated as the positive charge amount;

[0011] Select at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged region, use a laser with a preset intensity to induce electrons to form at the test point in the negatively charged region, and induce the negative charge in the negatively charged region to the center of the negatively charged region;

[0012] Using a lead to bind a lightweight conductor of a preset weight, the lightweight conductor is positively charged, and the amount of charge is a preset amount, and the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged area is measured using the lightweight conductor to obtain the amount of negative charge;

[0013] The total positive charge is obtained by adding up the positive charges of all positively charged areas, and the total negative charge is obtained by adding up the negative charges of all negatively charged areas.

[0014] Preferably, the step of determining the position of the charge on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged region comprises the following steps:

[0015] Use a negatively charged pointer suspended on a thin wire, with the negatively charged pointer close to the surface of the insulating material;

[0016] When the negatively charged pointer is attracted by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the attraction occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the positive reference point;

[0017] Taking the positive reference point as the center, at least one positive sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one positive sampling point surrounds the positive reference point;

[0018] The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one positive sampling point in turn, and the positive sampling point that does not attract the negatively charged pointer is used as the first positive sampling point, and the positive sampling point that attracts the negatively charged pointer is used as the second positive sampling point;

[0019] The area enclosed by the boundary of the area formed by the first positive sampling point and the area formed by the second positive sampling point is a charged area;

[0020] When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the repulsion occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the negative reference point;

[0021] Taking the negative reference point as the center, at least one negative sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one negative sampling point surrounds the negative reference point;

[0022] The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one negative sampling point in turn, and the negative sampling point that does not repel the negatively charged pointer is used as the first negative sampling point, and the negative sampling point that repels the negatively charged pointer is used as the second negative sampling point;

[0023] The area enclosed by the boundary between the area formed by the first negative sampling point and the area formed by the second negative sampling point is a charged area.

[0024] Preferably, determining the charge type of the charges in the charged region comprises the following steps:

[0025] A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire and brought close to a charged area. When the negatively charged pointer is attracted to the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is positive. When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is negative.

[0026] Preferably, obtaining the amount of charge generated by the laser of preset intensity on the surface of the non-charged insulating material as the corrected charge amount comprises the following steps:

[0027] The non-charged insulating material surface is placed horizontally, and a laser with a preset intensity is used to emit laser induction at a preset distance from the non-charged insulating material surface;

[0028] A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the surface of an uncharged insulating material, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the laser-induced position on the surface of the uncharged insulating material is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount;

[0029] The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the characteristic tension, and the gravity of the positively charged pointer is obtained. The first gravitational force is obtained by subtracting the gravity of the positively charged pointer from the characteristic tension.

[0030] According to the first Coulomb formula, the corrected charge is calculated;

[0031] The first Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, F is the first attraction, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

[0034] Preferably, the step of using laser to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region and neutralizing the positive charges in the positively charged region comprises the following steps:

[0035] A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin line, and the negatively charged pointer is close to the positively charged area at a preset distance, and the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction at the initial moment is recorded as the first angle;

[0036] Using a laser of a preset intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized;

[0037] When the ratio of the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction to the first angle is less than the preset ratio, the product of the preset intensity and the preset ratio is obtained as the characteristic intensity, and the number of induction times of the laser with the preset intensity up to the current moment is recorded as the first number;

[0038] Use laser light of characteristic intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, neutralize the positive charge in the positively charged region, until the positively charged region no longer attracts the negatively charged pointer, and record the number of induction times of laser light of characteristic intensity as the second number.

[0039] Preferably, the calculating the number of positive charges in the positively charged region as the amount of positive charge comprises the following steps:

[0040] Using the cumulative formula, calculate the number of positive charges in the positively charged region to obtain the amount of positive charge;

[0041] The cumulative formula is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, Q is the positive charge, c is the first number, P is the corrected charge, a is the second number, and b is the preset ratio.

[0044] Preferably, selecting at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged area comprises the following steps:

[0045] Evenly divide the edge of the negatively charged region to obtain at least one evenly divided point;

[0046] Coordinate modeling is performed on the negatively charged region, and fitting is performed on at least one equally divided point to obtain a test fitting function;

[0047] Use the center of gravity formula to calculate the center of the negatively charged area;

[0048] Obtain at least one equally divided point group, the equally divided point group is composed of equally divided points, and at least one equally divided point group contains a combination of all equally divided points;

[0049] Under the assumption that the negative charge amount at the equipartition point is the corrected charge amount and the negative charge amount at the center of the negatively charged region is the preset charge amount, the second Coulomb formula is used to calculate the virtual force of the equipartition point on the center of the negatively charged region as the virtual electric field force;

[0050] Using the parallelogram rule, the resultant force of the virtual electric field force at the equipartition point in the equipartition point group is calculated as the characteristic resultant force value;

[0051] The average point in the average point group with a characteristic resultant force value of 0 is used as the test point;

[0052] The center of gravity formula is as follows:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] in, is the abscissa of the center of gravity, x is the abscissa of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, is the ordinate of the center of gravity, y is the ordinate of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, and the area of ​​double integration is the area enclosed by the test fitting function;

[0056] The second Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, N is the virtual electric field force, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and l is the distance from the equipartition point to the center of the negatively charged area.

[0059] Preferably, the method of measuring the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged region using a lightweight conductor to obtain the amount of negative charge comprises the following steps:

[0060] The negatively charged area is placed horizontally;

[0061] A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the negatively charged region and is located directly above the center of the negatively charged region, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the center of the negatively charged region is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount;

[0062] The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the actual tension. The actual tension is subtracted from the gravity of the positively charged pointer to obtain the second gravitational force.

[0063] According to the third Coulomb formula, the amount of negative charge is calculated;

[0064] The third Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, K is the first attraction, z is the negative charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] Charged areas are formed and classified into positively charged areas and negatively charged areas. Different charge measurement methods are used in the positively charged areas and negatively charged areas. A neutralization method is used for measurement in the positively charged areas, while a charge driving method is used in the negatively charged areas, so that the charge in the negatively charged areas is easier to measure. Thus, the measurement results of all positively charged areas and negatively charged areas are combined to more accurately obtain the surface charge of the insulating material, and when the charge is too much, it can be discovered in time and a corresponding response can be made. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for detecting the surface charge of an insulating material based on the laser induction method of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the position of electric charge on the surface of an insulating material to obtain at least one charged region according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of obtaining the amount of charge generated by a laser of a preset intensity on the surface of an uncharged insulating material as a correction amount of the charge in the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process of using laser to induce electrons to form in a positively charged region and neutralizing positive charges in the positively charged region according to the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process of selecting at least one test point at the edge of a negatively charged region according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of measuring the amount of negative charge at the center of a negatively charged area using a lightweight conductor to obtain the amount of negative charge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0076] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a method for detecting surface charge of an insulating material based on a laser induction method comprises:

[0077] Determining the location of charges on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged region;

[0078] Determining the charge type of the electric charge in the charged region, and defining the charged region with a positive charge as a positively charged region, and defining the charged region with a negative charge as a negatively charged region;

[0079] Obtaining the amount of charge generated by the laser of preset intensity on the surface of the non-charged insulating material as the amount of corrected charge;

[0080] In the positively charged region, a laser is used to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region to neutralize the positive charges in the positively charged region until all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized. When all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized, the number of positive charges in the positively charged region is calculated as the positive charge amount;

[0081] Select at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged region, use a laser with a preset intensity to induce electrons to form at the test point in the negatively charged region, and induce the negative charge in the negatively charged region to the center of the negatively charged region;

[0082] Using a lead to bind a lightweight conductor of a preset weight, the lightweight conductor is positively charged, and the amount of charge is a preset amount, and the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged area is measured using the lightweight conductor to obtain the amount of negative charge;

[0083] The total positive charge is obtained by adding up the positive charges of all positively charged areas, and the total negative charge is obtained by adding up the negative charges of all negatively charged areas.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 As shown, determining the position of the charge on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged area includes the following steps:

[0085] Use a negatively charged pointer suspended on a thin wire, with the negatively charged pointer close to the surface of the insulating material;

[0086] When the negatively charged pointer is attracted by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the attraction occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the positive reference point;

[0087] Taking the positive reference point as the center, at least one positive sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one positive sampling point surrounds the positive reference point;

[0088] The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one positive sampling point in turn, and the positive sampling point that does not attract the negatively charged pointer is used as the first positive sampling point, and the positive sampling point that attracts the negatively charged pointer is used as the second positive sampling point;

[0089] The area enclosed by the boundary of the area formed by the first positive sampling point and the area formed by the second positive sampling point is a charged area;

[0090] When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the repulsion occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the negative reference point;

[0091] Taking the negative reference point as the center, at least one negative sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one negative sampling point surrounds the negative reference point;

[0092] The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one negative sampling point in turn, and the negative sampling point that does not repel the negatively charged pointer is used as the first negative sampling point, and the negative sampling point that repels the negatively charged pointer is used as the second negative sampling point;

[0093] The area enclosed by the boundary between the area formed by the first negative sampling point and the area formed by the second negative sampling point is a charged area.

[0094] Since insulating materials are non-conductive, charges cannot flow freely on their surfaces, and the surface charges are unevenly distributed. Some areas may have negative charges and some areas may have positive charges. Therefore, if the overall measurement is performed directly, the electric fields generated by the negative and positive charges will cancel each other out. As a result, there will be deviations in the measured results. The larger the canceling part, the greater the deviation. This may lead to situations where the charge is too high but is missed. Therefore, charged areas are formed and classified, and measurements are performed separately in the positive and negative charged areas to avoid the cancellation of positive and negative charges.

[0095] Determining the charge type of the charges in the charged region includes the following steps:

[0096] A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire and brought close to a charged area. When the negatively charged pointer is attracted to the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is positive. When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is negative.

[0097] Reference Figure 3 As shown, obtaining the amount of charge generated by a laser of a preset intensity on the surface of an uncharged insulating material as a corrected charge amount includes the following steps:

[0098] The non-charged insulating material surface is placed horizontally, and a laser with a preset intensity is used to emit laser induction at a preset distance from the non-charged insulating material surface;

[0099] A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the surface of an uncharged insulating material, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the laser-induced position on the surface of the uncharged insulating material is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount;

[0100] The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the characteristic tension, and the gravity of the positively charged pointer is obtained. The first gravitational force is obtained by subtracting the gravity of the positively charged pointer from the characteristic tension.

[0101] According to the first Coulomb formula, the corrected charge is calculated;

[0102] The first Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, F is the first attraction, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

[0105] The charge amount of electrons generated by lasers of preset intensity on the surface of insulating materials is consistent. In the subsequent measurement process, it is necessary to use it to calculate the charge amount. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-calculate it. The calculation is performed according to the first Coulomb formula. When F, q and r are known, p can be solved according to this formula, that is, the corrected charge amount.

[0106] Reference Figure 4 As shown, using laser to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, neutralizing the positive charge in the positively charged region includes the following steps:

[0107] A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin line, and the negatively charged pointer is close to the positively charged area at a preset distance, and the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction at the initial moment is recorded as the first angle;

[0108] Using a laser of a preset intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized;

[0109] When the ratio of the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction to the first angle is less than the preset ratio, the product of the preset intensity and the preset ratio is obtained as the characteristic intensity, and the number of induction times of the laser with the preset intensity up to the current moment is recorded as the first number;

[0110] Use laser light of characteristic intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, neutralize the positive charge in the positively charged region, until the positively charged region no longer attracts the negatively charged pointer, and record the number of induction times of laser light of characteristic intensity as the second number.

[0111] The electrons induced by the laser in the positively charged region can neutralize the positive charges in the positively charged region, but the electrons induced by the laser of a preset intensity may not be able to exactly neutralize the positive charges in the positively charged region. Therefore, when the ratio of the angle between the fine line and the vertical direction to the first angle is less than the preset ratio, a laser of a smaller characteristic intensity is used to induce electrons in the positively charged region. The number of electrons induced by the laser is proportional to its intensity. Therefore, the number of electrons induced by the laser of a preset intensity in the positively charged region can be used to obtain the number of electrons induced by the laser of a characteristic intensity in the positively charged region, and then the amount of positive charge in the positively charged region can be accumulated according to the number of inductions.

[0112] Calculating the amount of positive charges in the positively charged region as the amount of positive charge includes the following steps:

[0113] Using the cumulative formula, calculate the number of positive charges in the positively charged region to obtain the amount of positive charge;

[0114] The cumulative formula is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, Q is the positive charge, c is the first number, P is the corrected charge, a is the second number, and b is the preset ratio.

[0117] Reference Figure 5 As shown, selecting at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged area includes the following steps:

[0118] Evenly divide the edge of the negatively charged region to obtain at least one evenly divided point;

[0119] Coordinate modeling is performed on the negatively charged region, and fitting is performed on at least one equally divided point to obtain a test fitting function;

[0120] Use the center of gravity formula to calculate the center of the negatively charged area;

[0121] Obtain at least one equally divided point group, the equally divided point group is composed of equally divided points, and at least one equally divided point group contains a combination of all equally divided points;

[0122] Under the assumption that the negative charge amount at the equipartition point is the corrected charge amount and the negative charge amount at the center of the negatively charged region is the preset charge amount, the second Coulomb formula is used to calculate the virtual force of the equipartition point on the center of the negatively charged region as the virtual electric field force;

[0123] Using the parallelogram rule, the resultant force of the virtual electric field force at the equipartition point in the equipartition point group is calculated as the characteristic resultant force value;

[0124] The average point in the average point group with a characteristic resultant force value of 0 is used as the test point;

[0125] The center of gravity formula is as follows:

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] in, is the abscissa of the center of gravity, x is the abscissa of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, is the ordinate of the center of gravity, y is the ordinate of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, and the area of ​​double integration is the area enclosed by the test fitting function;

[0129] The second Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, N is the virtual electric field force, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and l is the distance from the equipartition point to the center of the negatively charged area.

[0132] At least one test point satisfies the condition that: when the charge of the test point is the corrected charge, the resultant force received by the charge at the center of the negatively charged area from at least one test point is 0, therefore, the resultant force received by the remaining positions in the negatively charged area from at least one test point is not 0, and thus the negative charges in the negatively charged area will move under the action of the resultant force of at least one test point until they move to the center of the negatively charged area, therefore, the negative charges in the negatively charged area will all be moved to the center of the negatively charged area, and thus, the measurement of the negative charges in the negatively charged area will be relatively easy, and the amount of negative charges in the negatively charged area can be calculated by measuring the surface tension of the thin wire hung by the positively charged pointer with the help of the third Coulomb formula.

[0133] Reference Figure 6 As shown, using a light conductor to measure the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged area, the amount of negative charge includes the following steps:

[0134] The negatively charged area is placed horizontally;

[0135] A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the negatively charged region and is located directly above the center of the negatively charged region, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the center of the negatively charged region is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount;

[0136] The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the actual tension. The actual tension is subtracted from the gravity of the positively charged pointer to obtain the second gravitational force.

[0137] According to the third Coulomb formula, the amount of negative charge is calculated;

[0138] The third Coulomb formula is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, K is the first attraction, z is the negative charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

[0141] Furthermore, the present solution also proposes a storage medium on which a computer-readable program is stored. When the computer-readable program is called, the above-mentioned insulating material surface charge detection method based on the laser induction method is executed.

[0142] It is understandable that the storage medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0143] To sum up, the advantages of the present invention are: by forming charged areas, the charged areas are classified into positively charged areas and negatively charged areas, different charge measurement methods are used for measurement in the positively charged areas and the negatively charged areas, a neutralization method is used for measurement in the positively charged areas, and a charge driving method is used in the negatively charged areas, so that the charge in the negatively charged areas is easier to measure, thereby, the measurement results of all positively charged areas and negatively charged areas are integrated, the surface charge of the insulating material can be obtained more accurately, and then when the charge is too much, it can be discovered in time and a corresponding response can be made.

[0144] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method. It is characterized in that include: Determining the location of charges on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged region; Determining the charge type of the electric charge in the charged region, and defining the charged region with a positive charge as a positively charged region, and defining the charged region with a negative charge as a negatively charged region; Obtaining the amount of charge generated by the laser of preset intensity on the surface of the non-charged insulating material as the amount of corrected charge; In the positively charged region, a laser is used to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region to neutralize the positive charges in the positively charged region until all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized. When all the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized, the number of positive charges in the positively charged region is calculated as the positive charge amount; Select at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged region, use a laser with a preset intensity to induce electrons to form at the test point in the negatively charged region, and induce the negative charge in the negatively charged region to the center of the negatively charged region; Using a lead to bind a lightweight conductor of a preset weight, the lightweight conductor is positively charged, and the amount of charge is a preset amount. Using the lightweight conductor to measure the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged area, the negative charge amount is obtained; The total positive charge is obtained by adding up the positive charges of all positively charged areas, and the total negative charge is obtained by adding up the negative charges of all negatively charged areas.

2. According to claim 1, a method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method, It is characterized in that Determining the position of the charge on the surface of the insulating material to obtain at least one charged area comprises the following steps: Use a negatively charged pointer suspended on a thin wire, with the negatively charged pointer close to the surface of the insulating material; When the negatively charged pointer is attracted by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the attraction occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the positive reference point; Taking the positive reference point as the center, at least one positive sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one positive sampling point surrounds the positive reference point; The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one positive sampling point in turn, and the positive sampling point that does not attract the negatively charged pointer is used as the first positive sampling point, and the positive sampling point that attracts the negatively charged pointer is used as the second positive sampling point; The area enclosed by the boundary of the area formed by the first positive sampling point and the area formed by the second positive sampling point is a charged area; When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the surface of the insulating material, the position where the repulsion occurs on the surface of the insulating material is taken as the negative reference point; Taking the negative reference point as the center, at least one negative sampling point is evenly arranged on the surface of the insulating material, and the at least one negative sampling point surrounds the negative reference point; The negatively charged pointer approaches the surface of the insulating material and approaches at least one negative sampling point in turn, and the negative sampling point that does not repel the negatively charged pointer is used as the first negative sampling point, and the negative sampling point that repels the negatively charged pointer is used as the second negative sampling point; The area enclosed by the boundary between the area formed by the first negative sampling point and the area formed by the second negative sampling point is a charged area.

3. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Determining the charge type of the charge in the charged region comprises the following steps: A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire and brought close to a charged area. When the negatively charged pointer is attracted to the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is positive. When the negatively charged pointer is repelled by the charged area, the charge type of the charged area is negative.

4. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The step of obtaining the amount of charge generated by the laser of preset intensity on the surface of the non-charged insulating material as the amount of corrected charge comprises the following steps: The non-charged insulating material surface is placed horizontally, and a laser with a preset intensity is used to emit laser induction at a preset distance from the non-charged insulating material surface; A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the surface of an uncharged insulating material, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the laser-induced position on the surface of the uncharged insulating material is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount; The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the characteristic tension, and the gravity of the positively charged pointer is obtained. The first gravitational force is obtained by subtracting the gravity of the positively charged pointer from the characteristic tension. According to the first Coulomb formula, the corrected charge is calculated; The first Coulomb formula is as follows: ； Among them, F is the first attraction, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

5. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The method of using laser to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region and neutralizing the positive charges in the positively charged region comprises the following steps: A negatively charged pointer is suspended on a thin line, and the negatively charged pointer is close to the positively charged area at a preset distance, and the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction at the initial moment is recorded as the first angle; Using a laser of a preset intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, the positive charges in the positively charged region are neutralized; When the ratio of the angle between the thin line and the vertical direction to the first angle is less than the preset ratio, the product of the preset intensity and the preset ratio is obtained as the characteristic intensity, and the number of induction times of the laser with the preset intensity up to the current moment is recorded as the first number; Use laser light of characteristic intensity to induce the formation of electrons in the positively charged region, neutralize the positive charge in the positively charged region, until the positively charged region no longer attracts the negatively charged pointer, and record the number of induction times of laser light of characteristic intensity as the second number.

6. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The calculation to obtain the number of positive charges in the positively charged region as the amount of positive charge comprises the following steps: Using the cumulative formula, calculate the number of positive charges in the positively charged region to obtain the amount of positive charge; The cumulative formula is as follows: ； Among them, Q is the positive charge, c is the first number, P is the corrected charge, a is the second number, and b is the preset ratio.

7. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The step of selecting at least one test point at the edge of the negatively charged area comprises the following steps: Evenly divide the edge of the negatively charged region to obtain at least one evenly divided point; Coordinate modeling is performed on the negatively charged region, and fitting is performed on at least one equally divided point to obtain a test fitting function; Use the center of gravity formula to calculate the center of the negatively charged area; Obtain at least one equally divided point group, the equally divided point group is composed of equally divided points, and at least one equally divided point group contains a combination of all equally divided points; Under the assumption that the negative charge amount at the equipartition point is the corrected charge amount and the negative charge amount at the center of the negatively charged region is the preset charge amount, the second Coulomb formula is used to calculate the virtual force of the equipartition point on the center of the negatively charged region as the virtual electric field force; Using the parallelogram rule, the resultant force of the virtual electric field force at the equipartition point in the equipartition point group is calculated as the characteristic resultant force value; The average point in the average point group with a characteristic resultant force value of 0 is used as the test point; The center of gravity formula is as follows: ； ； in, is the abscissa of the center of gravity, x is the abscissa of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, is the ordinate of the center of gravity, y is the ordinate of the midpoint of the negatively charged region, and the area of ​​double integration is the area enclosed by the test fitting function; The second Coulomb formula is as follows: ； Among them, N is the virtual electric field force, p is the corrected charge, q is the preset charge, and l is the distance from the equipartition point to the center of the negatively charged area.

8. The method for detecting surface charge of insulating materials based on laser induction method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The method of measuring the amount of negative charge at the center of the negatively charged area using a light conductor to obtain the amount of negative charge comprises the following steps: The negatively charged area is placed horizontally; A positively charged pointer is suspended on a thin wire, the positively charged pointer is perpendicular to the negatively charged region and is located directly above the center of the negatively charged region, the distance between the positively charged pointer and the center of the negatively charged region is a preset value, wherein the charge of the positively charged pointer is a preset charge amount; The surface tension of the thin wire on which the positively charged pointer is hung is obtained as the actual tension. The actual tension is subtracted from the gravity of the positively charged pointer to obtain the second gravitational force. According to the third Coulomb formula, the amount of negative charge is calculated; The third Coulomb formula is as follows: ； Among them, K is the first attraction, z is the negative charge, q is the preset charge, and r is the preset value.

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