A supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components

Abstract

The invention relates to a supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components, which is applied to the technical field of plant component extraction. The device comprises an extraction tank body, an auxiliary tank body, a stirring shaft, an upper pressure plug, a stirring blade, a lower pressure plug, a device body, a lifting cylinder and a control module. The device stirs and mixes a supercritical fluid with a plant material through the stirring blade, thereby effectively improving the extraction effect of the plant components. The upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug are lifted and adjusted, and the plant material and the supercritical fluid flow between the extraction tank body and the auxiliary tank body, thereby further effectively improving the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant material. The position of the plant material is changed, so that the stirring blade can perform designated stirring and mixing on the materials at different heights, thereby facilitating the separation of effective components in the plant material. Finally, the upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug are closed to extrude the plant material, thereby facilitating the full extrusion and extraction of the supercritical fluid after extraction, thereby effectively improving the separation and recovery effect of the supercritical fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a supercritical extraction device, in particular to a supercritical extraction device used for extracting plant components and applied in the technical field of plant component extraction. Background Art

[0002] Supercritical extraction is an extraction method that uses supercritical fluid as an extractant. Supercritical fluid is a physical state between gas and liquid that is neither gaseous nor liquid. This substance can only exist when its temperature and pressure exceed the critical point. The density of supercritical fluid is relatively large, similar to that of liquid. Supercritical fluid is an ideal extractant. When supercritical fluid is accumulated with plants, the plants are not in sufficient contact with the supercritical fluid, which affects the extraction effect.

[0003] The specification of Chinese invention patent CN202022735660.8 discloses "An extraction device for supercritical extraction of plant polysaccharides". The motor of this patent drives the first gear and the second gear to rotate. The first gear rotates in opposite directions to the second gear. The first gear and the second gear respectively drive two hollow shafts to rotate. The hollow shafts respectively drive several hollow stirring rods to rotate to stir and flip the plants. Several stirring components assembled on the two hollow shafts are arranged alternately to improve the flipping and stirring effect on the plants.

[0004] In the existing extraction reactor, during the stirring process, the plant raw materials are only at the bottom of the reactor. The plant raw materials closest to the stirring structure have the best stirring effect, while the stirring effect of the raw materials at other positions is relatively insufficient. The flow effect of the extractant in the plant raw materials is insufficient, which affects the extraction effect of the plant components. Although the overly complex stirring structure can improve the stirring and mixing effect of the plant raw materials and the extractant, the complexity of the stirring method affects the subsequent extraction of the extractant and affects the recovery of the extractant. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing extraction reactor has a relatively insufficient stirring effect on the plant raw materials, which affects the extraction effect of the plant components, and the overly complex stirring structure affects the subsequent extraction of the extractant and affects the recovery of the extractant.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components, comprising an extraction tank body, the bottom of the extraction tank body is fixedly connected to an auxiliary tank body, a stirring shaft and an upper pressure plug are movably connected inside the extraction tank body, the upper pressure plug is sleeved with the stirring shaft, the bottom end of the stirring shaft extends to the connection part between the extraction tank body and the auxiliary tank body, and a stirring blade is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft, a lower pressure plug is movably connected inside the auxiliary tank body, and the top of the lower pressure plug corresponds to the stirring blade;

[0007] The back of the extraction tank is fixedly connected to the equipment body, and the top and bottom of the equipment body are fixedly connected to lifting cylinders. The output ends of the two lifting cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug, and the control ends of the two lifting cylinders are commonly connected to a control module, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the equipment body.

[0008] In the above-mentioned supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components, the upper pressure plug moves in the extraction tank body, and the lower pressure plug moves in the auxiliary tank body, so as to adjust the stirring position of the plant raw material in real time, realize the flow of supercritical fluid between the extraction tank body and the auxiliary tank body, effectively improve the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant raw material, and then effectively improve the extraction effect of the plant components.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, a closed groove is provided on the lower surface of the upper pressure plug, and the closed groove engages with the stirring blade to facilitate the combination of the closed groove and the stirring blade when the upper pressure plug descends, thereby effectively realizing the upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug to squeeze the plant material and fully squeeze out the supercritical fluid.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, tank windows are provided at both ends of the top of the extraction tank body, and a feed port is fixedly connected to one end of the upper pressure plug. One of the two tank windows vertically corresponds to the feed port, and the plant raw materials are fed into the extraction tank body through the upper pressure plug via the feed port, and the feed port follows the lifting and lowering movement of the upper pressure plug in the tank window.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, a discharge port is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the extraction tank body, and sealing plugs are provided inside the feed port and the discharge port. The extracted plant raw materials are taken out through the discharge port, and the sealing plugs seal the feed port and the discharge port, thereby effectively improving the sealing effect of the extraction tank body.

[0012] As another improvement of the present application, the other end of the upper pressure plug is fixedly connected to the extraction input tube and the extraction output tube, and another tank window corresponds to the extraction input tube and the extraction output tube. The interior of the extraction input tube and the extraction output tube are fixedly connected with a filter column. The extraction input tube and the extraction output tube enable the supercritical fluid used for extraction to enter and discharge the extraction tank body, and at the same time follow the lifting and lowering movement of the upper pressure plug in the tank window. The filter column filters and protects the extraction input tube and the extraction output tube, effectively avoiding blockage caused by plant raw materials.

[0013] As another improvement supplement of the present application, a filter plate is provided on the top of the auxiliary tank body, the upper surface of the filter plate corresponds to the stirring blade, and the lower surface of the filter plate corresponds to the lower pressure plug. The filter plate is utilized to block and filter the plant raw material to facilitate the supercritical flow through the plant raw material, thereby effectively improving the extraction effect of the supercritical flow on the plant components.

[0014] As another improvement supplement of the present application, the outer ring of the filter disc is fixedly connected to a disc plug ring, which is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary tank body. The disc plug ring is utilized to effectively improve the sealing effect between the filter disc and the inner wall of the auxiliary tank body, effectively preventing plant raw materials from entering between the filter disc and the lower pressure plug through the gap.

[0015] As another improvement of the present application, a reinforcing rib grid is fixedly laid on the lower surface of the filter disc, and the disc plug ring is fixedly connected to the reinforcing rib grid. The reinforcing rib grid is utilized to effectively improve the structural strength of the filter disc, thereby facilitating stable lifting and lowering piston movement of the filter disc.

[0016] As another improvement supplement to the present application, the lower pressure plug is fixedly connected to the inside of a filter plug cylinder, and the middle part of the filter disk is fixedly connected to the output end of the filter plug cylinder. The filter plug cylinder is used to drive the filter disk to rise and fall, and the space between the filter disk and the lower pressure plug is adjusted to facilitate supercritical flow through the filter disk, thereby effectively improving the supercritical flow extraction of plant components.

[0017] As another improvement supplement to the present application, the middle part of the filter disc is rotatably connected to a resistance turntable, which is in resistance connection with the middle part of the stirring blade. The filter plug cylinder, the resistance turntable and the stirring shaft axis are arranged in a colinear line. The resistance turntable is used to resist the middle part of the rotating stirring blade axis, thereby effectively avoiding the friction of the rotating stirring blade on the filter disc, and effectively improving the service life of the filter disc.

[0018] In summary, the present invention delivers plant raw materials and supercritical fluid into an extraction tank body, and utilizes a stirring shaft to drive stirring blades for stirring and mixing, thereby effectively improving the extraction effect of the supercritical fluid on the effective components in the plant raw materials. In the process of stirring and mixing the plant raw materials, the control module adjusts the two lifting cylinders to lift and adjust the upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug, adjusts the space size of the extraction tank body and the auxiliary tank body, and enables the plant raw materials and the supercritical fluid to flow between the extraction tank body and the auxiliary tank body, further effectively improving the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant raw materials. In addition, the position of the plant raw materials is changed, and the stirring blades are enabled to perform specified stirring and mixing of the raw materials at different heights, which is convenient for the effective components in the plant raw materials to be separated out, further effectively improving the extraction effect of the plant components, and finally the upper pressure plug and the lower pressure plug are closed to squeeze the plant raw materials, which is convenient for the full extrusion and extraction of the supercritical fluid after extraction, and effectively improving the separation and recovery effect of the supercritical fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front perspective structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a rear perspective structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3A cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a demonstration diagram of the descending movement of the upper and lower pressing plugs in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a demonstration diagram of the closing and squeezing movement of the upper and lower pressing plugs in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a top-down perspective structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a bottom-up stereoscopic structural diagram of the upper press plug in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper press plug in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a demonstration diagram of the rising movement of the filter disc in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a bottom-up stereoscopic structural diagram of a filter disc according to a second embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.11 This is a top-down stereoscopic structural diagram of the filter disc according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0031] 1. Extraction tank body; 101. Auxiliary tank body; 102. Stirring shaft; 103. Upper pressure plug; 104. Stirring blade; 105. Lower pressure plug; 106. Equipment body; 107. Lifting cylinder; 108. Control module; 109. Closing slot; 2. Tank body window; 201. Feed inlet; 202. Discharge outlet; 203. Sealing plug; 204. Extraction input pipe; 205. Extraction output pipe; 206. Filter column; 3. Filter disc; 301. Disc plug ring; 302. Reinforcement rib; 303. Filter plug cylinder; 304. Resistance turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The first implementation method:

[0034] Figure 1-5The invention discloses a supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components, comprising an extraction tank body 1, wherein the bottom of the extraction tank body 1 is fixedly connected to an auxiliary tank body 101, and a stirring shaft 102 and an upper pressing plug 103 are movably connected inside the extraction tank body 1, wherein the upper pressing plug 103 is sleeved with the stirring shaft 102, and the bottom end of the stirring shaft 102 extends to the connection part between the extraction tank body 1 and the auxiliary tank body 101, and a stirring blade 104 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft 102, and a lower pressing plug 105 is movably connected inside the auxiliary tank body 101, wherein the top of the lower pressing plug 105 corresponds to the stirring blade 104, and a closed groove 109 is provided on the lower surface of the upper pressing plug 103, wherein the closed groove 109 is engaged with the stirring blade 104, so that the closed groove 109 is combined with the stirring blade 104 when the upper pressing plug 103 descends, thereby effectively realizing that the upper pressing plug 103 and the lower pressing plug 105 are closed and squeezed to squeeze the plant material, and the supercritical fluid is fully squeezed out;

[0035] The plant material and the supercritical fluid are sent into the extraction tank body 1, and the stirring blade 104 is driven by the stirring shaft 102 to stir and mix, so as to effectively improve the extraction effect of the supercritical fluid on the effective components in the plant material. The upper pressure plug 103 and the lower pressure plug 105 are raised and lowered to adjust the space size of the extraction tank body 1 and the auxiliary tank body 101. The internal space of the extraction tank body 1 is reduced, and the internal space of the auxiliary tank body 101 is increased, so that the plant material and the supercritical fluid enter the auxiliary tank body 101 from the extraction tank body 1, and the plant material and the supercritical fluid flow between the extraction tank body 1 and the auxiliary tank body 101, further effectively improving the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant material. The position of the plant material changes, so that the stirring blade 104 can perform designated stirring and mixing on the raw materials at different heights, which is convenient for the effective components in the plant material to be separated out, and further effectively improving the extraction effect of the plant components. Finally, the upper pressure plug 103 and the lower pressure plug 105 are closed to squeeze the plant material, so as to facilitate the full extrusion and extraction of the supercritical fluid after extraction, and effectively improve the separation and recovery effect of the supercritical fluid.

[0036] Figure 1-2 As shown, the back of the extraction tank body 1 is fixedly connected to the equipment body 106, and the top and bottom of the equipment body 106 are fixedly connected to the lifting cylinders 107, the output ends of the two lifting cylinders 107 are fixedly connected to the upper pressing plug 103 and the lower pressing plug 105 respectively, and the control ends of the two lifting cylinders 107 are commonly connected to the control module 108, and the control module 108 is fixedly installed outside the equipment body 106;

[0037] The control module 108 adjusts the two lifting cylinders 107 to lift the upper pressure plug 103 and the lower pressure plug 105. The staff can use the control module 108 to control the lifting of the lifting cylinders 107 and accurately control the lifting height of the upper pressure plug 103 and the lower pressure plug 105, thereby effectively reducing the operating difficulty of the extraction equipment.

[0038] Figure 6-8 As shown, tank windows 2 are provided at both ends of the top of the extraction tank body 1, one end of the upper pressure plug 103 is fixedly connected with a feed port 201, one of the two tank windows 2 corresponds vertically to the feed port 201, the plant material is fed into the extraction tank body 1 through the upper pressure plug 103 through the feed port 201, and the feed port 201 moves up and down in the tank window 2 following the upper pressure plug 103, a discharge port 202 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the extraction tank body 1, and sealing plugs 203 are provided inside the feed port 201 and the discharge port 202, the extracted plant material is taken out by using the discharge port 202, and the sealing plug 203 seals the feed port 201 and the discharge port 202, thereby effectively improving the sealing effect of the extraction tank body 1;

[0039] When performing the extraction process of plant components, the plant raw materials are placed into the extraction tank body 1 from the feed port 201 on the upper press plug 103, and the feed port 201 follows the upper press plug 103 in the tank body window 2 as it rises and falls, and then the feed port 201 is sealed using the sealing plug 203 to restore the closed state of the upper press plug 103, and then the sealing plug 203 on the discharge port 202 is opened to discharge the extracted plant raw materials from the extraction tank body 1.

[0040] Figure 6-8 As shown, the other end of the upper press plug 103 is fixedly connected to an extraction input tube 204 and an extraction output tube 205, and another tank window 2 corresponds to the extraction input tube 204 and the extraction output tube 205. The extraction input tube 204 and the extraction output tube 205 are both fixedly connected to a filter column 206. The extraction input tube 204 and the extraction output tube 205 enable the supercritical fluid used for extraction to enter and discharge the extraction tank 1. At the same time, the upper press plug 103 moves up and down in the tank window 2. The filter column 206 filters and protects the extraction input tube 204 and the extraction output tube 205, effectively avoiding blockage caused by plant raw materials.

[0041] The supercritical fluid used for extraction enters the extraction tank body 1 from the extraction input pipe 204, and the supercritical fluid that subsequently absorbs the plant components is discharged from the extraction tank body 1 through the extraction output pipe 205. The extraction input pipe 204 and the extraction output pipe 205 follow the lifting and lowering movement of the upper pressure plug 103 in the tank body window 2, effectively preventing the extraction input pipe 204 and the extraction output pipe 205 from affecting the lifting and lowering movement of the upper pressure plug 103. The filter column 206 filters and protects the extraction input pipe 204 and the extraction output pipe 205, effectively avoiding blockage caused by plant raw materials.

[0042] The second implementation method:

[0043] Compared with the first embodiment, this embodiment mainly adds a filter plate 3, and the specific newly added structure is as follows, and the remaining structure is consistent with the first embodiment.

[0044] Figure 9-10 It is shown that a filter disc 3 is sleeved on the top of the auxiliary tank body 101, the upper surface of the filter disc 3 corresponds to the stirring blade 104, and the lower surface of the filter disc 3 corresponds to the lower pressure plug 105, the filter disc 3 is used to block and filter the plant raw material, so as to facilitate the supercritical flow to flow through the plant raw material, thereby effectively improving the extraction effect of the supercritical flow on the plant components, the outer ring of the filter disc 3 is fixedly connected with a disc plug ring 301, the disc plug ring 301 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary tank body 101, the disc plug ring 301 is used to effectively improve the sealing effect between the filter disc 3 and the inner wall of the auxiliary tank body 101, and the plant raw material is effectively prevented from entering between the filter disc 3 and the lower pressure plug 105 through the gap, the lower surface of the filter disc 3 is fixedly laid with a reinforcing rib 302, the disc plug ring 301 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing rib 302, and the reinforcing rib 302 is used to effectively improve the structural strength of the filter disc 3, so as to facilitate the stable lifting piston movement of the filter disc 3;

[0045] When the plant material and the supercritical fluid are mixed and stirred in the extraction tank body 1, the upper pressure plug 103 and the lower pressure plug 105 move up and down. When the plant material and the supercritical fluid flow between the extraction tank body 1 and the auxiliary tank body 101, the flowing plant material and the supercritical fluid are filtered through the filter mesh plate 3. The plant material is blocked at the top of the filter mesh plate 3. Since the supercritical fluid can pass through the filter mesh plate 3, the supercritical fluid passes through the plant material staying on the top of the filter mesh plate 3, thereby further effectively improving the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant material, and effectively improving the extraction effect of the active ingredients in the plant material.

[0046] Figure 9-11 It is shown that the interior of the lower pressure plug 105 is fixedly connected with a filter plug cylinder 303, and the middle part of the filter disc 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the filter plug cylinder 303. The filter plug cylinder 303 is used to drive the filter disc 3 to move up and down, and the space between the filter disc 3 and the lower pressure plug 105 is adjusted to facilitate the supercritical flow to flow through the filter disc 3, effectively improving the supercritical flow extraction of plant components, and the middle part of the filter disc 3 is rotatably connected with a resistance turntable 304, and the resistance turntable 304 is in resistance connection with the middle part of the stirring blade 104, and the filter plug cylinder 303, the resistance turntable 304 and the stirring shaft 102 are arranged in the same line, and the resistance turntable 304 is used to resist the middle part of the axis of the rotating stirring blade 104, thereby effectively avoiding the rotating stirring blade 104 from rubbing against the filter disc 3, and effectively improving the service life of the filter disc 3;

[0047] The filter plug cylinder 303 is used to drive the filter plate 3 to move up and down, and the space between the filter plate 3 and the lower pressure plug 105 is adjusted. The space is used to retain the supercritical fluid. The supercritical fluid passes through the filter plate 3, effectively improving the contact effect between the supercritical fluid and the plant material remaining on the top of the filter plate 3, and effectively improving the extraction effect of the effective ingredients in the plant material. When the filter plate 3 is at the topmost height of the auxiliary tank body 101, the resistance turntable 304 is used to contact the stirring blade 104, thereby effectively avoiding the rotating stirring blade 104 from causing friction to the filter plate 3, providing friction protection for the filter plate 3, and effectively improving the service life of the filter plate 3.

[0048] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components, characterized in that: The invention comprises an extraction tank body (1), wherein the bottom of the extraction tank body (1) is fixedly connected to an auxiliary tank body (101), a stirring shaft (102) and an upper pressing plug (103) are movably connected inside the extraction tank body (1), the upper pressing plug (103) is sleeved with the stirring shaft (102), the bottom end of the stirring shaft (102) extends to the connection part between the extraction tank body (1) and the auxiliary tank body (101), and a stirring blade (104) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft (102), and a lower pressing plug (105) is movably connected inside the auxiliary tank body (101), and the top of the lower pressing plug (105) corresponds to the stirring blade (104); The back of the extraction tank body (1) is fixedly connected to a device body (106), the top and bottom of the device body (106) are fixedly connected to lifting cylinders (107), the output ends of the two lifting cylinders (107) are respectively fixedly connected to an upper pressure plug (103) and a lower pressure plug (105), and the control ends of the two lifting cylinders (107) are commonly connected to a control module (108), and the control module (108) is fixedly installed outside the device body (106); A filter plate (3) is sleeved on the top of the auxiliary tank body (101); the upper surface of the filter plate (3) corresponds to the stirring blade (104), and the lower surface of the filter plate (3) corresponds to the lower pressure plug (105); the outer ring of the filter plate (3) is fixedly connected to a plate plug ring (301); the plate plug ring (301) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary tank body (101); the interior of the lower pressure plug (105) is fixedly connected to a filter plug cylinder (303); and the middle part of the filter plate (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the filter plug cylinder (303).

2. A supercritical extraction device for extracting plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A closed groove (109) is provided on the lower surface of the upper pressing plug (103), and the closed groove (109) is engaged with and corresponds to the stirring blade (104).

3. The supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the top of the extraction tank body (1) are provided with tank body windows (2), one end of the upper pressure plug (103) is fixedly connected to a feed port (201), and one of the two tank body windows (2) vertically corresponds to the feed port (201).

4. The supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom outer side of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a discharge port (202), and the insides of the feed port (201) and the discharge port (202) are both provided with sealing plugs (203).

5. The supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the upper press plug (103) is fixedly connected to an extraction input tube (204) and an extraction output tube (205); another tank window (2) corresponds to the extraction input tube (204) and the extraction output tube (205); and a filter cartridge (206) is fixedly connected inside the extraction input tube (204) and the extraction output tube (205).

6. The supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib grid (302) is fixedly laid on the lower surface of the filter plate (3), and the plate plug ring (301) is fixedly connected to the reinforcing rib grid (302).

7. The supercritical extraction equipment for extracting plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the filter disc (3) is rotatably connected to a resistance rotating disc (304), and the resistance rotating disc (304) is resistance-connected to the middle part of the stirring blade (104). The filter plug cylinder (303), the resistance rotating disc (304) and the stirring shaft (102) are arranged with their axes colinearly.

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