Locking sealing structure, slurry pump based on the structure and slurry pump sealing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fluid machinery, specifically to a locking sealing structure, a slurry pump based on the structure and a slurry pump sealing method, wherein the locking sealing structure is installed on a pump body and is used to realize sealed rotation between a pump shaft and a pump body, and comprises an external cover detachably connected to the pump body, the pump shaft passes through the external cover and extends into the pump body; it also comprises a stuffing box detachably installed in the pump body, a stuffing gland detachably installed on the stuffing box, a plurality of groups of stuffing rings are installed between the stuffing gland and the stuffing box, and an elastic clamping assembly is arranged on the stuffing gland, the elastic clamping assembly cooperates with a sealing locking structure arranged on the stuffing box and the stuffing gland, and can make the inner wall of the stuffing ring always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft of the pump body; an adjusting assembly is arranged in the external cover and cooperates with the elastic clamping assembly, and can change the clamping force of the sealing locking structure on the stuffing ring; through the cooperation between the various structures, close contact between the stuffing ring and the pump shaft can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fluid machinery, in particular to a locking sealing structure, a slurry pump based on the structure, and a slurry pump sealing method. Background Art

[0002] Slurry pump refers to a kind of machine that increases the energy of solid-liquid mixed medium by the action of centrifugal force (rotation of the pump impeller), and converts electrical energy into kinetic energy and potential energy of the medium. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the outer edge and gains energy, leaving the outer edge of the impeller at high speed and entering the volute pump casing. In the volute pump casing, the liquid slows down due to the gradual expansion of the flow channel, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally flows into the discharge pipe at a higher pressure and is sent to the required place. When the liquid flows from the center of the impeller to the outer edge, a certain vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller. Since the pressure above the liquid surface in the storage tank is greater than the pressure at the pump inlet, the liquid is continuously pressed into the impeller. It is mainly applicable to: mining, power plants, dredging, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and petroleum industries.

[0003] The main sealing methods of slurry pumps are mechanical seals and packing seals. Mechanical seals are divided into single-end seals and double-end seals, which have the advantages of good sealing performance and long service life, and are suitable for occasions with different medium pressures, temperatures and particle contents. Packing seals have a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and are suitable for some low-requirement occasions. The sealing materials of packing seals are usually soft and wear-resistant materials such as asbestos, hemp rope, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0004] However, when using packing seals, due to the long-term operation of the pump body, the friction between the pump shaft and the packing ring will make the sealing material susceptible to wear and corrosion, and the liquid will leak at this time. Therefore, in order to prevent the leakage of liquid and solid particles and ensure the normal operation of the pump and the personal safety of the operator, it is necessary to replace the sealing material regularly and maintain appropriate compression force to ensure the sealing effect. However, this regular replacement method requires careful dismantling of the slurry pump. Each dismantling and installation process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and when replacing the sealing material, the sealing material is usually not in a completely unusable state. Therefore, this will lead to a shorter service life of the sealing material and waste of sealing material. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a locking seal structure, a slurry pump based on the structure and a slurry pump sealing method, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A locking seal structure is installed on the pump body and is used to realize the sealed rotation between the pump shaft and the pump body, and includes an external cover detachably connected to the pump body, and the pump shaft passes through the external cover and extends into the pump body;

[0008] The pump body also includes a stuffing box detachably mounted in the pump body, a stuffing gland detachably mounted on the stuffing box, a plurality of packing rings mounted between the stuffing gland and the stuffing box, and an elastic clamping assembly disposed on the stuffing gland, the elastic clamping assembly cooperates with a sealing locking structure disposed on the stuffing box and the stuffing gland, and can ensure that the inner wall of the stuffing ring is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft of the pump body;

[0009] The adjusting component is arranged in the outer cover and cooperates with the elastic pressing component to change the pressing force of the sealing locking structure on the packing ring.

[0010] The locking sealing structure as described above: the elastic clamping assembly includes a plug-in cylinder coaxially fixedly connected to the packing gland, a spring is slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder, one end of the spring abuts against a pressure piece slidably arranged in the plug-in cylinder, and the other end cooperates with the sealing locking structure.

[0011] The locking and sealing structure as described above: the pressure-applying member comprises a movable ring slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder.

[0012] The locking and sealing structure as described above: the sealing and locking structure comprises a first locking member and a second locking member, and the first locking member comprises a first abutting ring slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder.

[0013] The locking seal structure as described above: the second locking member includes a second abutment ring fixedly disposed in the stuffing box.

[0014] The locking sealing structure as described above: the adjusting component includes an adjusting part and a moving part, the adjusting part is arranged in the inner chamber formed on the outer cover, and includes a threaded rod rotatably installed on the outer cover, and the threaded rods are arranged in multiple groups equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the outer cover, and each group of the threaded rods is coaxially fixed with a gear, and the gear is meshed with a gear ring rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer cover.

[0015] The locking and sealing structure as described above: the moving part includes a bolt barrel threadedly connected to the threaded rod, the bolt barrel is slidably arranged on the external cover, and an abutment rod is fixedly arranged on one end of the bolt barrel protruding from the internal chamber.

[0016] A slurry pump comprises any locking seal structure as described above.

[0017] A slurry pump sealing method is also proposed, comprising the locking sealing structure as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Install the packing rings into the stuffing box one by one. The packing rings installed in the stuffing box will contact the second abutment ring, and then use bolts to fix the packing gland and the stuffing box;

[0019] Step 2: During the connection process, the first abutment ring will fit with the outermost packing ring of the stuffing box. At this time, under the action of the spring, the first abutment ring will squeeze the packing ring, and at the same time, with the cooperation of the fixed second abutment ring, the packing ring will produce yield deformation, so that the inner wall of the packing ring is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft;

[0020] Step 3: By rotating any set of threaded rods, the bolt barrel can be driven to move the abutment rod to apply pressure to the first abutment ring, so that the extrusion force of the first abutment ring on the packing ring becomes larger, so that the packing ring can always be in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] By providing a sealing locking structure and an elastic pressing component, after the packing ring is filled into the packing box and the packing gland is fixedly connected to the packing box, the packing ring is squeezed by the first abutting ring squeezed by the spring. At this time, under the cooperation of the fixed second abutting ring, the inner wall of the squeezed packing ring will be deformed toward the axis of the pump shaft under the guidance and pressure of the first abutting ring and the inclined surface of the second abutting ring, so that the inside of the packing ring and the outer surface of the pump shaft are in close contact, and then a sealing effect is achieved to prevent the liquid from leaking from the pump shaft; in particular, the squeezing force of the first abutting ring is provided by the spring, so the squeezing force of the first abutting ring on the packing ring will not be too tight, and then the pump shaft will not generate heat due to excessive friction between its outer surface and the packing ring, thereby reducing the pump efficiency; and the cooperation between the elastic pressing component and the sealing locking structure can increase the service life of the packing ring and reduce the replacement frequency of the packing ring;

[0023] At the same time, by setting up an adjustment component, the bolt barrel will drive the abutment rod to squeeze the movable ring, so that the elastic potential energy of the spring will increase, and then the extrusion force on the packing ring will increase. The higher the degree of yield deformation, the more likely it is that after the pump shaft has been working for a long time, the packing ring will be worn, which will cause a leakage gap to form between the pump shaft and the packing ring, resulting in a decrease in sealing performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slurry pump.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the slurry pump.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the outer cover in the locking and sealing structure.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment component in the locking and sealing structure.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moving parts in the locking and sealing structure.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the pump body and the stuffing gland, auxiliary impeller, stuffing box and rear guard plate in the locking seal structure.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a slurry pump in a locking seal structure.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic compression structure in the locking sealing structure.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the packing pressure ring in the locking seal structure.

[0033] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. mounting frame; 3. pump cover; 301. feed port; 302. discharge port; 4. pump body; 5. pump shaft; 6. external cover; 601. internal chamber; 7. moving ring; 8. spring; 9. plug-in cylinder; 901. through groove; 902. first abutment ring; 10. gear ring; 11. gear; 12. bolt cylinder; 13. abutment rod; 14. threaded rod; 15. main impeller; 16. rear guard plate; 17. auxiliary impeller; 18. stuffing box; 1801. shaft sleeve; 1802. second abutment ring; 19. stuffing gland; 20. front guard plate; 21. stuffing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0035] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0036] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, numerous specific details are provided in the specific embodiments below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, and elements well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present application.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, the locking seal structure is installed on the pump body 4 to realize the sealed rotation between the pump shaft 5 and the pump body 4, and includes an external cover 6 detachably connected to the pump body 4, and the pump shaft 5 passes through the external cover 6 and extends into the pump body 4;

[0038] For details, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 The pump body 4 is mounted on a bracket 1, on which a mounting frame 2 is fixedly provided for supporting the pump body 4 mounted on the bracket 1, and a detachable pump cover 3 is installed on the pump body 4, and both the pump body 4 and the pump cover 3 are configured as a volute structure, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, a packing gland 19, a packing box 18, an auxiliary impeller 17, a rear guard plate 16, a main impeller 15 and a front guard plate 20 are detachably installed between the pump body 4 and the pump cover 3 in sequence. The main impeller 15 is placed in a chamber formed between the front guard plate 20 and the rear guard plate 16, and is coaxially connected to the pump shaft 5. In particular, the packing gland 19, the packing box 18, the auxiliary impeller 17, the rear guard plate 16, the main impeller 15 and the front guard plate 20 are all coaxially arranged with the pump shaft 5 (as shown in FIG. Figure 6 , Figure 7 When in use, the liquid enters the chamber from the feed port 301 on the pump cover 3, and then under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the main impeller 15 to the outer edge and gains energy, and leaves the outer edge of the main impeller 15 at high speed and enters the volute pump casing. In the volute pump casing, the liquid slows down due to the gradual expansion of the flow channel, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally flows into the discharge port 302 spliced ​​by the pump body 4 and the pump cover 3 at a higher pressure, and is delivered to the required place.

[0039] The pump body 4 further comprises a stuffing box 18 detachably mounted in the pump body 4, a stuffing gland 19 detachably mounted on the stuffing box 18, a plurality of packing rings 21 are mounted between the stuffing gland 19 and the stuffing box 18, and an elastic clamping assembly is arranged on the stuffing gland 19, the elastic clamping assembly cooperates with the sealing locking structure arranged on the stuffing box 18 and the stuffing gland 19, so that the inner wall of the stuffing ring 21 is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5 of the pump body 4;

[0040] For details, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8, a shaft sleeve 1801 is fixedly arranged in the stuffing box 18, and a plurality of packing rings 21 are arranged. During installation, the packing rings 21 are sequentially installed and sleeved in the shaft sleeve 1801, and then a screw is used to fix the packing gland 19 and the stuffing box 18. The packing gland 19 fixedly connected with the stuffing box 18 can seal the packing ring 21 in the stuffing box 18, so that the inner wall of the packing ring 21 is in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5, thereby achieving a sealing effect, and preventing the liquid from leaking from the pump shaft 5 when the main impeller 15 is working, which affects the normal operation of the slurry pump;

[0041] The elastic clamping assembly includes an inserting tube 9 coaxially fixedly connected to the packing gland 19, a spring 8 is slidably arranged in the inserting tube 9, one end of the spring 8 abuts against a pressure member slidably arranged in the inserting tube 9, and the other end cooperates with the sealing locking structure;

[0042] When the slurry pump is working, in order to prevent the leakage of liquid and solid particles, ensure the normal operation of the pump and the personal safety of the operator, the slurry pump usually needs to be sealed. The sealing forms of the slurry pump mainly include mechanical seals, packing seals and auxiliary impeller seals. Among them, the packing seal is a sealing method that prevents the leakage of the medium in the pump by filling the sealing material. It has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0043] The materials used for the packing ring 21 in the slurry pump include graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), carbon fiber, rubber asbestos, oil-impregnated asbestos, oil-impregnated cotton and linen packaging, carbon graphite material, etc. When the packing ring 21 is used for sealing, the sealing material of the packing seal is susceptible to wear and corrosion, and therefore the sealing material needs to be replaced regularly. In the present invention, by arranging the cooperation between the elastic clamping component and the sealing locking structure, the service life of the packing ring 21 can be increased and the replacement frequency of the packing ring 21 can be reduced.

[0044] Preferably, see Figure 8 , Fig. 9 The plug-in tube 9 has five groups of through grooves 901 equidistantly formed along its circumferential direction on one side away from the stuffing box 18. The through grooves 901 cooperate with the adjustment components arranged on the external cover 6. When the adjustment components are actuated, the pressure member can be driven to move toward the spring 8.

[0045] The pressure member includes a moving ring 7 slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder 9;

[0046] Preferably, see Figure 8The above-mentioned spring 8 is always in a compressed state. In the initial state, the compressed spring 8 will push the movable ring 7 to fit with the side of the plug-in tube 9 where the through groove 901 is opened. By driving the movable ring 7 to move toward the spring 8, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 8 can be increased. Then, the reaction force of the spring 8 on the sealing and locking structure will increase accordingly. At this time, the squeezing force of the sealing and locking structure on the packing ring 21 will become greater, and then the inner wall of the packing ring 21 will be in close contact with the pump shaft 5, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0047] The sealing locking structure includes a first locking member and a second locking member, wherein the first locking member includes a first abutting ring 902 slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder 9;

[0048] In particular, a rubber pad is provided on the side of the first abutment ring 902 away from the spring 8 and on the side of the plug-in tube 9 abutting against the first abutment ring 902. The rubber pad can undergo flexibly deformation so that when the adjustment component subsequently provided on the external cover 6 drives the moving ring 7 to squeeze the spring 8, the reaction force of the spring 8 will push the first abutment ring 902 to move toward the packing ring 21, thereby further squeezing the packing ring 21.

[0049] The second locking member includes a second abutment ring 1802 fixedly disposed in the stuffing box 18;

[0050] For details, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 The cross-sectional areas of the first abutting ring 902 and the second abutting ring 1802 along their axial directions are both "right-angled trapezoidal" structures. In combination with the above, when the connection between the stuffing box 18, the stuffing ring 21 and the stuffing gland 19 is completed, the inclined surfaces of the first abutting ring 902 and the second abutting ring 1802 will respectively contact the stuffing ring 21 close to themselves. At this time, under the action of the spring 8 with stored elastic potential energy, the stuffing ring 21 will be squeezed between the first abutting ring 902 and the second abutting ring 1802. At this time, the squeezed stuffing ring 21 will Slight deformation: the inner wall of the packing ring 21 will be deformed toward the axis of the pump shaft 5 under the guidance and pressure of the inclined surface, so that the inside of the packing ring 21 is in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5, thereby achieving a sealing effect to prevent liquid from leaking from the pump shaft 5; in particular, the squeezing force of the first abutment ring 902 is provided by the spring 8, so the squeezing force of the first abutment ring 902 on the packing ring 21 will not be too tight, and the pump shaft 5 will not generate heat and reduce the pump efficiency due to excessive friction between its outer surface and the packing ring 21.

[0051] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5, the locking sealing structure also includes an adjusting component, which is arranged in the external cover 6 and cooperates with the elastic pressing component to change the pressing force of the sealing locking structure on the packing ring 21;

[0052] The adjusting assembly includes an adjusting member and a moving member, the adjusting member is arranged in the inner chamber 601 formed on the outer cover 6, and includes a threaded rod 14 rotatably mounted on the outer cover 6, and the threaded rod 14 is arranged in multiple groups equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the outer cover 6, and each group of the threaded rods 14 is coaxially fixed with a gear 11, and the gear 11 is meshed with a gear ring 10 rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cover 6;

[0053] Preferably, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The threaded rods 14 are arranged in five groups equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the external cover 6, and each group of the threaded rods 14 is provided with a nut at one end that passes through the external cover 6, and the coaxially fixed gears 11 on the five groups of threaded rods 14 are all meshed with the gear ring 10. By rotating any one group of nuts with the help of a tool, the five groups of threaded rods 14 can be driven to rotate synchronously and continuously in the same direction, and then the moving part is driven to move relative to the external cover 6 to change the relative position of the moving ring 7 in the plug-in tube 9, so that the extrusion force of the first abutment ring 902 on the packing ring 21 changes.

[0054] The moving member includes a bolt barrel 12 threadedly connected to the threaded rod 14, the bolt barrel 12 is slidably arranged on the external cover 6, and an abutment rod 13 is fixedly arranged on one end of the bolt barrel 12 protruding from the internal chamber 601;

[0055] For details, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The outer surface of the bolt barrel 12 is arranged in a "cross" structure, and the outer cover 6 is provided with a matching insertion groove. With the cooperation of the "cross" structure and the insertion groove, the bolt barrel 12 can only slide along the axial direction of the outer cover 6;

[0056] In particular, the external cover 6 is fixed on the pump body 4. After the packing gland 19 is fixedly connected with the packing box 18, when the packing gland 19 and the packing box 18 are connected with the pump body 4, the abutment rod 13 on the bolt barrel 12 will be inserted into the through groove 901 and contact the moving ring 7 sliding in the plug-in barrel 9. After the installation is completed, in the initial state, the above-mentioned bolt barrel 12 is close to the nut. At this time, the end of the abutment rod 13 away from the bolt barrel 12 just penetrates the plug-in barrel 9 and contacts the moving ring 7. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 8 is the smallest. After the pump shaft 5 has been working for a long time, the packing ring 21 is worn, which will cause a leakage gap to form between the pump shaft 5 and the packing ring 21. This results in a decrease in sealing performance. At this time, by rotating any one group of threaded rods 14, the five groups of threaded rods 14 can be driven to rotate synchronously. Then, with the cooperation of the cross bolt tube 12 and the insertion groove, the bolt tube 12 will drive the abutment rod 13 to squeeze the movable ring 7, so that the elastic potential energy of the spring 8 is increased, thereby increasing the squeezing force on the packing ring 21. Subsequently, with the cooperation of the two groups of inclined surfaces of the first abutment ring 902 and the second abutment ring 1802, the inner wall of the packing ring 21 is driven to deform toward the axis of the pump shaft 5, so that the inner wall of the packing ring 21 is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5, thereby achieving sealing and preventing liquid leakage.

[0057] A slurry pump comprises the locking sealing structure as described above.

[0058] A slurry pump sealing method is also proposed, comprising the locking sealing structure as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: The packing rings 21 are sequentially installed into the packing box 18. The packing rings 21 installed into the packing box 18 will contact the second abutment ring 1802. Then, the packing gland 19 is fixedly connected to the packing box 18 using bolts.

[0060] Step 2: During the connection process, the first abutting ring 902 will fit with the outermost packing ring 21 of the packing box 18. At this time, under the action of the spring 8, the first abutting ring 902 will squeeze the packing ring 21, and at the same time, with the cooperation of the fixed second abutting ring 1802, the packing ring 21 will produce yield deformation, so that the inner wall of the packing ring 21 is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5;

[0061] Step 3: By rotating any set of threaded rods 14 , the bolt tube 12 can be driven to move the abutment rod 13 to apply pressure to the first abutment ring 902 , so that the extrusion force of the first abutment ring 902 on the packing ring 21 becomes larger, so that the packing ring 21 can always be in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5 .

[0062] In combination with the above, in the present invention, the packing ring 21 installed in the stuffing box 18 is sealed by using the packing gland 19. Specifically, the elastic compression assembly provided in the packing gland 19 can squeeze the packing ring 21 so that the inner wall of the packing ring 21 is in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5, thereby achieving a sealing effect, and preventing the liquid from leaking from the pump shaft 5 when the main impeller 15 is working, thereby affecting the normal operation of the slurry pump;

[0063] In particular, the elastic pressing assembly cooperates with the sealing locking structure provided on the stuffing box 18 and the stuffing gland 19, and can drive the stuffing ring 21 sealed in the stuffing box 18 to yield and deform along the inclined surfaces of the first abutment ring 902 and the second abutment ring 1802, so that the inner wall of the stuffing ring 21 moves toward the axis of the pump shaft 5, thereby ensuring that the stuffing ring 21 is in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5;

[0064] Furthermore, after the pump shaft 5 has been working for a period of time, in order to keep the packing ring 21 in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5 at all times, the adjusting component can be adjusted to change the squeezing force of the elastic clamping component on the first abutment ring 902, so that the inner wall of the packing ring 21 after wear continues to deform toward the axis of the pump shaft 5, and then the inner wall of the packing ring 21 can continue to meet the condition of close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft 5, so that the slurry pump can continue to maintain normal operation.

[0065] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0066] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A locking seal structure, mounted on the pump body (4), for achieving sealed rotation between the pump shaft (5) and the pump body (4), characterized in that: It comprises an external cover (6) detachably connected to the pump body (4), and the pump shaft (5) passes through the external cover (6) and extends into the pump body (4); The pump body (4) further comprises a stuffing box (18) detachably mounted in the pump body (4), a stuffing gland (19) detachably mounted on the stuffing box (18), a plurality of packing rings (21) mounted between the stuffing gland (19) and the stuffing box (18), and a resilient clamping assembly disposed on the stuffing gland (19), the resilient clamping assembly cooperating with a sealing locking structure disposed on the stuffing box (18) and the stuffing gland (19), so that the inner wall of the stuffing ring (21) is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft (5); an adjustment component, disposed in the external cover (6) and cooperating with the elastic pressing component, capable of changing the pressing force of the sealing locking structure on the packing ring (21); The elastic clamping assembly comprises an insert cylinder (9) coaxially fixedly connected to the packing gland (19), a spring (8) being slidably arranged in the insert cylinder (9), one end of the spring (8) being in contact with a pressure member slidably arranged in the insert cylinder (9), and the other end of the spring (8) being in contact with the sealing locking structure; The pressure-applying member comprises a movable ring (7) slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder (9); The sealing locking structure comprises a first locking member and a second locking member, wherein the first locking member comprises a first abutment ring (902) slidably disposed in the plug-in cylinder (9); The second locking member comprises a second abutment ring (1802) fixedly arranged in the stuffing box (18); The adjustment component comprises an adjustment member and a moving member, wherein the adjustment member is arranged in an inner chamber (601) formed on the outer cover (6), and comprises a threaded rod (14) rotatably mounted on the outer cover (6), wherein a plurality of groups of the threaded rods (14) are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cover (6), and a gear (11) is coaxially fixedly arranged on each group of the threaded rods (14), and the gear (11) meshes with a gear ring (10) rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer cover (6).

2. The locking and sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable member comprises a bolt barrel (12) threadedly connected to the threaded rod (14); the bolt barrel (12) is slidably arranged on the external cover (6); and an abutment rod (13) is fixedly arranged on one end of the bolt barrel (12) protruding from the internal chamber (601).

3. A slurry pump, characterized in that: It comprises a locking and sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1-2.

4. A slurry pump sealing method, comprising the locking sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The packing rings (21) are sequentially installed into the packing box (18). The packing rings (21) installed into the packing box (18) will contact the second abutment ring (1802), and then the packing gland (19) and the packing box (18) are fixedly connected using bolts; Step 2: During the connection process, the first abutting ring (902) will fit with the outermost packing ring (21) of the packing box (18). At this time, under the action of the spring (8), the first abutting ring (902) will squeeze the packing ring (21). At the same time, under the cooperation of the second abutting ring (1802), the packing ring (21) will produce yield deformation, so that the inner wall of the packing ring (21) is always in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft (5); Step 3: By rotating any set of threaded rods (14), the bolt tube (12) can be driven to drive the abutment rod (13) to apply pressure to the first abutment ring (902), so that the extrusion force of the first abutment ring (902) on the packing ring (21) becomes larger, so that the packing ring (21) can always be in close contact with the outer surface of the pump shaft (5).

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